Antibiotics are widespread in aquatic environments due to their extensive use in human healthcare and ani-mal husbandry.However,research on the occurrence and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in aquatic organisms within...Antibiotics are widespread in aquatic environments due to their extensive use in human healthcare and ani-mal husbandry.However,research on the occurrence and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in aquatic organisms within shallow wetland lakes remains limited.This study investigated the occurrence and bioaccumulation of ten commonly used antibiotics in the Baiyang Lake,northern China’s largest shallow wetland lake.The results indicated that sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones were the predominant antibiotics in surface water,whereas fluoroquinolones and macrolides were more prevalent in sediment.Fluoroquinolones demonstrated significant potential for bioaccumulation in targeted aquatic organisms,including both animals and plants(Carassius au-ratus and Phragmites australis).The bioaccumulation of antibiotics in Carassius auratus was correlated with their solubility,whereas in Phragmites australis,this was associated with their octanol-water partition coefficients and molecular weights.Ecological risk assessment indicated that most antibiotics posed minimal to low risk levels.However,four antibiotics were exceptions:clarithromycin(12.5%)and sulfamethoxazole(6.25%)presented a high risk in surface water samples,while norfloxacin(25.0%)and ciprofloxacin(25.0%)posed a high risk in sediment samples.Norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin,and roxithromycin were identified as key indicator antibiotics for enhancing the local monitoring and control of antibiotic contamination based on four criteria:(1)high con-centrations,(2)frequent detection,(3)capacity for bioaccumulation,and(4)ecological risk levels.This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the status of antibiotic contamination,bioaccumulation characteristics,and ecological risk in Baiyang Lake,thereby supporting efforts to monitor and regulate antibiotic pollution.展开更多
Poplar plantations are often established on nitrogen-poor land,and poplar growth and wood formation are constrained by low nitrogen(LN)availability.However,the molecular mechanisms by which specific genes regulate woo...Poplar plantations are often established on nitrogen-poor land,and poplar growth and wood formation are constrained by low nitrogen(LN)availability.However,the molecular mechanisms by which specific genes regulate wood formation in acclimation to LN availability remain unclear.Here,we report a previously unrecognized module,basic region/leucine zipper 55(PtobZIP55)–PtoMYB170,which regulates the wood formation of Populus tomentosa in acclimation to LN availability.PtobZIP55 was highly expressed in poplar wood and induced by LN.Altered wood anatomical properties and increased lignification were detected in PtobZIP55-overexpressing poplars,whereas the opposite results were detected in PtobZIP55-knockout poplars.Molecular and transgenic analyses revealed that PtobZIP55 directly binds to the promoter sequence of PtoMYB170to activate its transcription.The phenotypes of PtoMYB170 transgenic poplars were similar to those of PtobZIP55 transgenic poplars under LN conditions.Further molecular analyses revealed that PtoMYB170 directly bound the promoter sequences of lignin biosynthetic genes to activate their transcription to increase lignin concentrations in LN-treated poplar wood.These results suggest that PtobZIP55 activates PtoMYB170 transcription,which in turn positively regulates lignin biosynthetic genes,increasing lignin deposition in the wood of P.tomentosa in the context of acclimation to LN availability.展开更多
Fruits and vegetables,as an important part of our daily diet,are rich in nutrients,vitamins,and minerals.Moreover,fruits and vegetables also contain a certain amount of dietary fiber,which is closely related to human ...Fruits and vegetables,as an important part of our daily diet,are rich in nutrients,vitamins,and minerals.Moreover,fruits and vegetables also contain a certain amount of dietary fiber,which is closely related to human health.Increasing research has indicated that various active ingredients such as polysaccharides,polyphenol,saponin,and triterpenoid are isolated from fruits and vegetables.Polysaccharide with non-toxic side effects and strong biological activities is a critical active component in fruits and vegetables.Growing evidence has confirmed that polysaccharides from fruits and vegetables exhibit various biological activities including immunomodulatory,antioxidant,anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,hypoglycemic,regulating intestinal flora,and other activities.Therefore,a systematic review of the latest research progress and future development prospects of fruits and vegetables polysaccharides(FVPs)is very necessary to better understand them.In this paper,we have systematically summarized the latest knowledge about the extraction and purification methods,structural characteristics,biological activities,and potential molecular mechanisms of FVPs.This review provides some valuable insights and guidance for further research,development,and utilization of FVPs.展开更多
基金supported by Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.JZX2023018)Hebei Natural Science Foundation(No.C2022201042)the 100 Foreign Experts Plans of Hebei Province(No.606080123001).
文摘Antibiotics are widespread in aquatic environments due to their extensive use in human healthcare and ani-mal husbandry.However,research on the occurrence and bioaccumulation of antibiotics in aquatic organisms within shallow wetland lakes remains limited.This study investigated the occurrence and bioaccumulation of ten commonly used antibiotics in the Baiyang Lake,northern China’s largest shallow wetland lake.The results indicated that sulfonamides and fluoroquinolones were the predominant antibiotics in surface water,whereas fluoroquinolones and macrolides were more prevalent in sediment.Fluoroquinolones demonstrated significant potential for bioaccumulation in targeted aquatic organisms,including both animals and plants(Carassius au-ratus and Phragmites australis).The bioaccumulation of antibiotics in Carassius auratus was correlated with their solubility,whereas in Phragmites australis,this was associated with their octanol-water partition coefficients and molecular weights.Ecological risk assessment indicated that most antibiotics posed minimal to low risk levels.However,four antibiotics were exceptions:clarithromycin(12.5%)and sulfamethoxazole(6.25%)presented a high risk in surface water samples,while norfloxacin(25.0%)and ciprofloxacin(25.0%)posed a high risk in sediment samples.Norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin,and roxithromycin were identified as key indicator antibiotics for enhancing the local monitoring and control of antibiotic contamination based on four criteria:(1)high con-centrations,(2)frequent detection,(3)capacity for bioaccumulation,and(4)ecological risk levels.This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the status of antibiotic contamination,bioaccumulation characteristics,and ecological risk in Baiyang Lake,thereby supporting efforts to monitor and regulate antibiotic pollution.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant nos.2022YFD2201400 and 2016YFD0600105)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.32371826 and 32371841)the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(Grant no.2023CXPT026)。
文摘Poplar plantations are often established on nitrogen-poor land,and poplar growth and wood formation are constrained by low nitrogen(LN)availability.However,the molecular mechanisms by which specific genes regulate wood formation in acclimation to LN availability remain unclear.Here,we report a previously unrecognized module,basic region/leucine zipper 55(PtobZIP55)–PtoMYB170,which regulates the wood formation of Populus tomentosa in acclimation to LN availability.PtobZIP55 was highly expressed in poplar wood and induced by LN.Altered wood anatomical properties and increased lignification were detected in PtobZIP55-overexpressing poplars,whereas the opposite results were detected in PtobZIP55-knockout poplars.Molecular and transgenic analyses revealed that PtobZIP55 directly binds to the promoter sequence of PtoMYB170to activate its transcription.The phenotypes of PtoMYB170 transgenic poplars were similar to those of PtobZIP55 transgenic poplars under LN conditions.Further molecular analyses revealed that PtoMYB170 directly bound the promoter sequences of lignin biosynthetic genes to activate their transcription to increase lignin concentrations in LN-treated poplar wood.These results suggest that PtobZIP55 activates PtoMYB170 transcription,which in turn positively regulates lignin biosynthetic genes,increasing lignin deposition in the wood of P.tomentosa in the context of acclimation to LN availability.
文摘Fruits and vegetables,as an important part of our daily diet,are rich in nutrients,vitamins,and minerals.Moreover,fruits and vegetables also contain a certain amount of dietary fiber,which is closely related to human health.Increasing research has indicated that various active ingredients such as polysaccharides,polyphenol,saponin,and triterpenoid are isolated from fruits and vegetables.Polysaccharide with non-toxic side effects and strong biological activities is a critical active component in fruits and vegetables.Growing evidence has confirmed that polysaccharides from fruits and vegetables exhibit various biological activities including immunomodulatory,antioxidant,anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory,hypoglycemic,regulating intestinal flora,and other activities.Therefore,a systematic review of the latest research progress and future development prospects of fruits and vegetables polysaccharides(FVPs)is very necessary to better understand them.In this paper,we have systematically summarized the latest knowledge about the extraction and purification methods,structural characteristics,biological activities,and potential molecular mechanisms of FVPs.This review provides some valuable insights and guidance for further research,development,and utilization of FVPs.
