Visual question answering(VQA)is a multimodal task,involving a deep understanding of the image scene and the question’s meaning and capturing the relevant correlations between both modalities to infer the appropriate...Visual question answering(VQA)is a multimodal task,involving a deep understanding of the image scene and the question’s meaning and capturing the relevant correlations between both modalities to infer the appropriate answer.In this paper,we propose a VQA system intended to answer yes/no questions about real-world images,in Arabic.To support a robust VQA system,we work in two directions:(1)Using deep neural networks to semantically represent the given image and question in a fine-grainedmanner,namely ResNet-152 and Gated Recurrent Units(GRU).(2)Studying the role of the utilizedmultimodal bilinear pooling fusion technique in the trade-o.between the model complexity and the overall model performance.Some fusion techniques could significantly increase the model complexity,which seriously limits their applicability for VQA models.So far,there is no evidence of how efficient these multimodal bilinear pooling fusion techniques are for VQA systems dedicated to yes/no questions.Hence,a comparative analysis is conducted between eight bilinear pooling fusion techniques,in terms of their ability to reduce themodel complexity and improve themodel performance in this case of VQA systems.Experiments indicate that these multimodal bilinear pooling fusion techniques have improved the VQA model’s performance,until reaching the best performance of 89.25%.Further,experiments have proven that the number of answers in the developed VQA system is a critical factor that a.ects the effectiveness of these multimodal bilinear pooling techniques in achieving their main objective of reducing the model complexity.The Multimodal Local Perception Bilinear Pooling(MLPB)technique has shown the best balance between the model complexity and its performance,for VQA systems designed to answer yes/no questions.展开更多
In the last few years,cyber security has been an essential prerequisite for almost every organization to handle the massive number of emerging cyber attacks worldwide.A critical factor in reducing the possibility of b...In the last few years,cyber security has been an essential prerequisite for almost every organization to handle the massive number of emerging cyber attacks worldwide.A critical factor in reducing the possibility of being exploited is cyber security awareness.Not only having the adequate knowledge but how to utilize this knowledge to prevent cyber attacks.In this paper we conducted a survey that focuses on three vital security parameters,which are trust,passwords and defensive attitude respectively.The survey mainly aimed at assessing cyber security knowledge of 200 students and 100 faculty members in a Sudanese college and how secure these participants think they are according to their current cyber behaviour.56%of the participants are males and 44%are females.The results revealed that all participants were having fairly-low level of security awareness and their defensive attitude is considerably weak and doesn’t protect them either individually or at institutional-level.Nevertheless,faculty member showed better cyber security knowledge and skills by 8%higher than students.This study can be used to develop training approaches that bridge the security gaps depicted by the respondents of the survey questions manipulated in this study.展开更多
Ransomware attacks have been spreading broadly in the last few years,where attackers deny users’access to their systems and encrypt their files until they pay a ransom,usually in Bitcoin.Of course,that is the worst t...Ransomware attacks have been spreading broadly in the last few years,where attackers deny users’access to their systems and encrypt their files until they pay a ransom,usually in Bitcoin.Of course,that is the worst thing that can happen;especially for organizations having sensitive information.In this paper we proposed a cyber security awareness program intended to provide end-users with a rescue checklist in case of being attacked with a ransomware as well as preventing the attack and ways to recover from it.The program aimed at providing cyber security knowledge to 15 employees in a Sudanese trading and investment company.According to their cyber behaviour before the program,the participants showed a low level cyber security awareness that with 72%they are likely of being attacked by a ransomware from a phishing email,which is well known for spreading ransomware attacks.The results revealed that the cyber security awareness program greatly diminished the probability of being attacked by a ransomware with an average of 28%.This study can be used as a real-life ransomware attack rescue plan.展开更多
As cyber threats and attacks are immensely increasing and broadly spreading catastrophically worldwide,cyber security professionals need to cope up with such a highly demanding environment.Security teams,such as Secur...As cyber threats and attacks are immensely increasing and broadly spreading catastrophically worldwide,cyber security professionals need to cope up with such a highly demanding environment.Security teams,such as Security operation Centre(SOC),Incident Response(IR)and Threat management teams are the people responsible for dealing with cyber security threats and attacks from detection to containment and preventing future incidents;which encompasses some significant challenges that might impose some limitations to the efficiency and effectiveness of activities cyber security professionals conduct,as these processes are time-consuming.In this paper we propose an integrated platform to help cyber security professionals to proactively manage cyber security threats and emerging incidents by providing an automated functionality that can optimize the workflow.The proposed security platform is supposed to diminish the average time taken by cyber security professionals to respond to cyber incidents with an average of 42%.This study can be used as a preliminary design for such an integrated platform.展开更多
文摘Visual question answering(VQA)is a multimodal task,involving a deep understanding of the image scene and the question’s meaning and capturing the relevant correlations between both modalities to infer the appropriate answer.In this paper,we propose a VQA system intended to answer yes/no questions about real-world images,in Arabic.To support a robust VQA system,we work in two directions:(1)Using deep neural networks to semantically represent the given image and question in a fine-grainedmanner,namely ResNet-152 and Gated Recurrent Units(GRU).(2)Studying the role of the utilizedmultimodal bilinear pooling fusion technique in the trade-o.between the model complexity and the overall model performance.Some fusion techniques could significantly increase the model complexity,which seriously limits their applicability for VQA models.So far,there is no evidence of how efficient these multimodal bilinear pooling fusion techniques are for VQA systems dedicated to yes/no questions.Hence,a comparative analysis is conducted between eight bilinear pooling fusion techniques,in terms of their ability to reduce themodel complexity and improve themodel performance in this case of VQA systems.Experiments indicate that these multimodal bilinear pooling fusion techniques have improved the VQA model’s performance,until reaching the best performance of 89.25%.Further,experiments have proven that the number of answers in the developed VQA system is a critical factor that a.ects the effectiveness of these multimodal bilinear pooling techniques in achieving their main objective of reducing the model complexity.The Multimodal Local Perception Bilinear Pooling(MLPB)technique has shown the best balance between the model complexity and its performance,for VQA systems designed to answer yes/no questions.
文摘In the last few years,cyber security has been an essential prerequisite for almost every organization to handle the massive number of emerging cyber attacks worldwide.A critical factor in reducing the possibility of being exploited is cyber security awareness.Not only having the adequate knowledge but how to utilize this knowledge to prevent cyber attacks.In this paper we conducted a survey that focuses on three vital security parameters,which are trust,passwords and defensive attitude respectively.The survey mainly aimed at assessing cyber security knowledge of 200 students and 100 faculty members in a Sudanese college and how secure these participants think they are according to their current cyber behaviour.56%of the participants are males and 44%are females.The results revealed that all participants were having fairly-low level of security awareness and their defensive attitude is considerably weak and doesn’t protect them either individually or at institutional-level.Nevertheless,faculty member showed better cyber security knowledge and skills by 8%higher than students.This study can be used to develop training approaches that bridge the security gaps depicted by the respondents of the survey questions manipulated in this study.
文摘Ransomware attacks have been spreading broadly in the last few years,where attackers deny users’access to their systems and encrypt their files until they pay a ransom,usually in Bitcoin.Of course,that is the worst thing that can happen;especially for organizations having sensitive information.In this paper we proposed a cyber security awareness program intended to provide end-users with a rescue checklist in case of being attacked with a ransomware as well as preventing the attack and ways to recover from it.The program aimed at providing cyber security knowledge to 15 employees in a Sudanese trading and investment company.According to their cyber behaviour before the program,the participants showed a low level cyber security awareness that with 72%they are likely of being attacked by a ransomware from a phishing email,which is well known for spreading ransomware attacks.The results revealed that the cyber security awareness program greatly diminished the probability of being attacked by a ransomware with an average of 28%.This study can be used as a real-life ransomware attack rescue plan.
文摘As cyber threats and attacks are immensely increasing and broadly spreading catastrophically worldwide,cyber security professionals need to cope up with such a highly demanding environment.Security teams,such as Security operation Centre(SOC),Incident Response(IR)and Threat management teams are the people responsible for dealing with cyber security threats and attacks from detection to containment and preventing future incidents;which encompasses some significant challenges that might impose some limitations to the efficiency and effectiveness of activities cyber security professionals conduct,as these processes are time-consuming.In this paper we propose an integrated platform to help cyber security professionals to proactively manage cyber security threats and emerging incidents by providing an automated functionality that can optimize the workflow.The proposed security platform is supposed to diminish the average time taken by cyber security professionals to respond to cyber incidents with an average of 42%.This study can be used as a preliminary design for such an integrated platform.
