With the aim of the harmonious development of economy-environment system in coastal cities in China. an index ,system used to evaluate the economy-environment system is built up in this paper, which includes four aspe...With the aim of the harmonious development of economy-environment system in coastal cities in China. an index ,system used to evaluate the economy-environment system is built up in this paper, which includes four aspects： economy, environment, resources, and ocean industry. Based on the analysis on present condition and future trends of economic development in Tianjin and the quantification of various evaluation indices, the aathor applies integrated index valuation model to valuate the harmonious development af economy-environment of Tianjin. The results show that the coordinated degree of economy-environment would drop down in the future, from 0.95（superior level of harmonious development） in 2000 to 0.59（inferior level of harmonious development） in 2015. under the circumstance of the current economic development mode. The level of comprehensive development of Tianjin also presents to descend. Based on the analyzing of status and future trends of environment-economy coordinated development, the paper puts forward the countermeasures such as industry, structure adjustment, increasing the level of environmental protection investment, strengthening the enforcement of en vironmental policies to improve the coordinated development of environment-economy in Tianjin municipality.展开更多
Coral reefs support a wide range of organisms in the world,including jellyfish and their benthic relatives.However,quantifying the biodiversity of these organisms in reefs is a challenge because of their uneven distri...Coral reefs support a wide range of organisms in the world,including jellyfish and their benthic relatives.However,quantifying the biodiversity of these organisms in reefs is a challenge because of their uneven distribution and cryptic early life stages,requiring the validation of alternative techniques for biodiversity assessment.Here,the biodiversity and spatial distribution patterns of jellyfish and their benthic relatives,from the Scyphozoa,Hydrozoa,and Ctenophora taxa(hereafter referred to as SHC),were investigated in the coral reefs of Xisha,China,using environmental DNA(eDNA)metabarcoding technology by collecting shallow seawater,mesophotic seawater,and sediment samples.One-hundred and eighty-eight SHC species spanning two phyla(Cnidaria and Ctenophora),three classes,11 orders,65 families,and 104 genera were identified,among which hydrozoans were the most dominant taxa,accounting for 89.81% of all SHC species.SHC species showed low connectivity between shallow and mesophotic habitats,presenting a clear vertical distribution pattern in coral reefs.In the mesophotic coral ecosystems(MCEs),140 SHC species(84.34%)were detected,of which 39.76% were exclusive to MCEs,with Zanclea sp.1,Orthopyxis integra,and Fabienna sphaerica being the dominant species.Additionally,although SHC diversity in seawater was higher than that in the sediment samples,22 species were identified only in the sediment samples,indicating that sediment eDNA may represent a valuable supplementary tool for the investigation of SHC communities in hot spots.In addition to revealing the vast diversity of SHC species occupying coral reef ecosystems in the Xisha Islands,our findings confirm the potential of eDNA metabarcoding as an advanced tool for monitoring the biodiversity of cryptic species.展开更多
Understanding spatial heterogeneity in groundwater responses to multiple factors is critical for water resource management in coastal cities.Daily groundwater depth(GWD)data from 43 wells(2018-2022)were collected in t...Understanding spatial heterogeneity in groundwater responses to multiple factors is critical for water resource management in coastal cities.Daily groundwater depth(GWD)data from 43 wells(2018-2022)were collected in three coastal cities in Jiangsu Province,China.Seasonal and Trend decomposition using Loess(STL)together with wavelet analysis and empirical mode decomposition were applied to identify tide-influenced wells while remaining wells were grouped by hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA).Machine learning models were developed to predict GWD,then their response to natural conditions and human activities was assessed by the Shapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)method.Results showed that eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGB)was superior to other models in terms of prediction performance and computational efficiency(R^(2)>0.95).GWD in Yancheng and southern Lianyungang were greater than those in Nantong,exhibiting larger fluctuations.Groundwater within 5 km of the coastline was affected by tides,with more pronounced effects in agricultural areas compared to urban areas.Shallow groundwater(3-7 m depth)responded immediately(0-1 day)to rainfall,primarily influenced by farmland and topography(slope and distance from rivers).Rainfall recharge to groundwater peaked at 50%farmland coverage,but this effect was suppressed by high temperatures(>30℃)which intensified as distance from rivers increased,especially in forest and grassland.Deep groundwater(>10 m)showed delayed responses to rainfall(1-4 days)and temperature(10-15 days),with GDP as the primary influence,followed by agricultural irrigation and population density.Farmland helped to maintain stable GWD in low population density regions,while excessive farmland coverage(>90%)led to overexploitation.In the early stages of GDP development,increased industrial and agricultural water demand led to GWD decline,but as GDP levels significantly improved,groundwater consumption pressure gradually eased.This methodological framework is applicable not only to coastal cities in China but also could be extended to coastal regions worldwide.展开更多
Rare earth elements are highly applicable in photocatalysis due to their partially filled 4f orbitals,existing in electronic structures that facilitate the transfer of electrons during the reaction process.Among these...Rare earth elements are highly applicable in photocatalysis due to their partially filled 4f orbitals,existing in electronic structures that facilitate the transfer of electrons during the reaction process.Among these materials,CeO_(2)has a distinctive external electronic structure(4f^(1)5d^(1)6s^(2)),abundant oxygen vacancies,and strong conversion ability of Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+),which makes it an attractive candidate in the field of photocatalysis.To broaden its practical applications in the visible region,the drawbacks of a wide band gap and a slow Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)cycle have been addressed through the modification of CeO_(2),thereby accelerating light absorption and self-circulation,and enhancing photocatalytic activity.This paper presents a review of the preparation of modified CeO_(2)catalysts and their application in the conversion of cerium valence state in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water.Furthermore,this paper presents a summary of the most recent development and current challenges,as well as prospect for the application of modified CeO_(2)-based materials.展开更多
Ciliates are a dominant group in the marine sediment microecosystem,and their interactions with symbiotic prokaryotes are important for understanding the adaptation mechanisms of marine benthic eukaryotes.However,the ...Ciliates are a dominant group in the marine sediment microecosystem,and their interactions with symbiotic prokaryotes are important for understanding the adaptation mechanisms of marine benthic eukaryotes.However,the microbial communities(microbiome)associated with most benthic ciliates and the taxonomic attributes of the dominant symbiotic bacteria are unclear.In this study,we focused on Paraspathidium apofuscum,a ciliate prevalent in marine benthic environments,and comprehensively explored the diversity and cellular location of the microbiomes in two P.apofuscum isolates using single-cell-based full-length16S rRNA amplicon sequencing,phylogenetic analysis,and fluorescence in situ hybridization.The results showed that the P.apofuscum cell surface carried a highly diverse microbiome whose cellular localization was consistent with the positions of the ciliate's somatic dikinetids.The dominant genera in the microbiome,Pseudoalteromonas,Halobacteriovorax and Oceaniserpentilla,were associated with unicellular eukaryotes.In particular,Pseudoalteromonas likely uses ciliate-secreted metabolites as nutrients and plays a role in host physical protection or pathogen resistance.Halobacteriovorax and Oceaniserpentilla are newly discovered or rare bacterial genera innovatively found to have ecological niches in symbiosis with benthic ciliates.Comparison analysis indicates that the microbiomes associated with benthic ciliates display species and population specificity,which are attributed to several factors such as environmental physicochemical properties,host physiological states,and interactions among associated bacteria.This study provides important insights into the environmental adaptation of eukaryotes through a symbiotic mechanism in the marine benthic environment.展开更多
Persistent severe rainfall(PSR)events,defined as regional-scale rainfall processes with daily precipitation no less than 50 mm for at least three consecutive days,frequently occur over South China(SC)and the middle-to...Persistent severe rainfall(PSR)events,defined as regional-scale rainfall processes with daily precipitation no less than 50 mm for at least three consecutive days,frequently occur over South China(SC)and the middle-to-lower Yangtze River Basin(MLYRB),with distinct dynamic mechanisms and moisture conditions in the two regions.Based on daily precipitation observations from China’s national meteorological stations and ERA5 reanalysis during 2012-21,this study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution of PSR events in SC and MLYRB and their associated three-dimensional circulation dynamics.The analysis integrates diagnostics of 200 hPa wave activity flux,perturbation streamfunction,500 hPa geopotential height,850 hPa wind fields,and integrated water vapor transport.Results show that PSR events in SC mainly occur during May-June,with rainfall centers over coastal and central Guangdong and Guangxi.In contrast,MLYRB events peak during June-July,with a banded rainfall pattern along the middle-to-lower Yangtze River.Dynamical diagnostics indicate that,in SC,sustained northwest-southeast propagation of 200 hPa disturbances,the southward shift of the 500 hPa trough,and steady subtropical high maintenance provide continuous dynamical support.Concurrently,strong and persistent 850 hPa southwesterlies and long-lasting moisture transport form favorable moisture conditions.In contrast,MLYRB events are marked by rapid phase transitions of 200 hPa streamfunction anomalies and northward-westward expansion of the 500 hPa subtropical high,triggering intense rainfall development.Simultaneously,abrupt enhancement of 850 hPa southwesterlies and rapid formation of a southwest moisture corridor ensure abundant and timely moisture supply,facilitating PSR onset.展开更多
In order to understand the diversity and distribution of the bacterial community in the coastal sediment of the Bohai Bay, China, high-throughput barcoded pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used. Metagenomic DNA ...In order to understand the diversity and distribution of the bacterial community in the coastal sediment of the Bohai Bay, China, high-throughput barcoded pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used. Metagenomic DNA was extracted from the sediment samples, and was sequenced using a 454 GS FLX Titanium system. At 97% similarity, the sequences were assigned to 22 884 operational taxonomic units （OTUs） which belonged to 41 phyla, 84 classes, 268 genera and 789 species. At the different taxonomic levels, both the dominants and their distribution varied significantly among the six coastal sediments. Proteobacteria was the first dominant phylum across all the six coastal sediments, representing 57.52%, 60.66%, 45.10%, 60.92%, 56.63% and 56.59%, respectively. Bacteroidetes was the second dominant phylum at Stas S1, S2 and S4, while Chloroflexi was the second dominant phylum at Stas S3, S5 and S6. At class level, γ-Proteobacteria was the first dominant class at Stas S1,S2, S4 andS6, while δ-Proteobacteria became the first dominant class at Stas S3 and S5. In addition, a large proportion of unclassified representatives have distributed at the different taxonomic levels. Canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） results indicated that the sediment texture, water depth （D）, dissolved oxygen （DO）, total nitrogen （TN） and nine EPA priority control polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） including naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorine, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene were the important factors in regulating the bacterial community composition. Those results are very important to further understand the roles of bacterial community in the coastal biogeochemical cycles.展开更多
The Changjiang(Yangtze)River estuary has been subject to a variety of anthropogenic pressures in recent decades.To assess the ecological health of the coastal benthic ecosystem adjacent to the estuary,three surveys we...The Changjiang(Yangtze)River estuary has been subject to a variety of anthropogenic pressures in recent decades.To assess the ecological health of the coastal benthic ecosystem adjacent to the estuary,three surveys were conducted in 2005,2009,and 2010.The AZTI's Marine Biotic Index(AMBI)and multivariate-AMBI(M-AMBI)were used to analyse the benthic ecological status of this coast.The AMBI indicate that the ecological status of the coast adjacent to the Changjiang River estuary was only slightly degraded in all 3 years.In contrast,the M-AMBI indicated that the ecological status was seriously degraded,a result that is most likely due to pollution and eutrophication induced by human activities.The assessment of the coast's ecological status by the AMBI was not in agreement with that of the M-AMBI at some stations because of lower biodiversity values at those sites.The analysis of the two indices integrated with abiotic parameters showed that the M-AMBI could be used as a suitable bio-indicator index to assess the benthic ecological status of the coast adjacent to the Changjiang River estuary.The reference conditions proposed for the coast of the Changjiang River estuary should be further evaluated in future studies.Designation of local species could also provide an important reference for Chinese waters.To improve the reliability of AMBI and M-AMBI,further research into the ecology of local species is required to understand their arrangement in ecological groups.展开更多
Increased human activities in China's coastal zone have resulted in the depletion of ecological land resources.Thus,conducting current and future multi-scenario simulation research on land use and land cover chang...Increased human activities in China's coastal zone have resulted in the depletion of ecological land resources.Thus,conducting current and future multi-scenario simulation research on land use and land cover change(LUCC)is crucial for guiding the healthy and sustainable development of coastal zones.System dynamic(SD)-future land use simulation(FLUS)model,a coupled simulation model,was developed to analyze land use dynamics in China's coastal zone.This model encompasses five scenarios,namely,SSP1-RCP2.6(A),SSP2-RCP4.5(B),SSP3-RCP4.5(C),SSP4-RCP4.5(D),and SSP5-RCP8.5(E).The SD model simulates land use demand on an annual basis up to the year 2100.Subsequently,the FLUS model determines the spatial distribution of land use for the near term(2035),medium term(2050),and long term(2100).Results reveal a slowing trend in land use changes in China's coastal zone from 2000–2020.Among these changes,the expansion rate of construction land was the highest and exhibited an annual decrease.By 2100,land use predictions exhibit high accuracy,and notable differences are observed in trends across scenarios.In summary,the expansion of production,living,and ecological spaces toward the sea remains prominent.Scenario A emphasizes reduced land resource dependence,benefiting ecological land protection.Scenario B witnesses an intensified expansion of artificial wetlands.Scenario C sees substantial land needs for living and production,while Scenario D shows coastal forest and grassland shrinkage.Lastly,in Scenario E,the conflict between humans and land intensifies.This study presents pertinent recommendations for the future development,utilization,and management of coastal areas in China.The research contributes valuable scientific support for informed,long-term strategic decision making within coastal regions.展开更多
The distribution of diatoms from surface sediments of the West Philippine Basin was analyzed, with 68 species and varieties of diatoms from 26 genera identified. Diatom abundance varied spatially, with the absolute ab...The distribution of diatoms from surface sediments of the West Philippine Basin was analyzed, with 68 species and varieties of diatoms from 26 genera identified. Diatom abundance varied spatially, with the absolute abundance of diatoms ranging from 0 to 3.4× 104 frustules/g. The seven tropical pelagic diatoms were Alveus marinus, Azpeitia africana, Azpeitia nodulifera, Hemidiscus cuneiformis, Hernidiscus cuneiformis var. ventricosus, Roperia tesselata and Rhizosolenia bergonii. The relative abundance of these species was greater than 20%, and their distribution pattern in the sediments was overlaid by the flow of the Kuroshio Current. Ethmodiscus rex was present at 159 stations, formed the most abundant and dominant species in the diatomaceous ooze, and thus referred to as Ethmodiscus ooze. Ethmodiscus rex was also a major contributor to primary production in the region. A principal component analysis was employed to explain the relationship between samples and variations in diatom species from the WPB. Four diatom assemblages were distinguished, representing different oceanographic conditions; their spatial distributions were closely related with the North Equatorial Current and Kuroshio Current patterns in the region. These diatom assemblages can therefore be useful in deciphering late Quaternary palaeoceanographic reconstructions of the West Philippine Basin.展开更多
Small heat shock proteins encompass a widespread but diverse class of proteins, which play key roles in protecting organisms from various stressors. In the present study, the full-length cDNAs of two small heat shock ...Small heat shock proteins encompass a widespread but diverse class of proteins, which play key roles in protecting organisms from various stressors. In the present study, the full-length cDNAs of two small heat shock proteins （MgsHSP22 and MgsHSP24.1） were cloned from Mytilus galloprovincialis, which encoded peptides of 181 and 247 amino acids, respectively. Both MgsHSP22 and MgsHSP24.1 were detected in all tissues examined by real-time PCR, with the highest expression being observed in muscle and gonad tissues. The real-time PCR results revealed that Cd significantly inhibited MgsHSP22 expression at 24 h and MgsHSP24.1 at 24 and 48 h under 5 ug/L Cd2＋ exposure. MgsHSP24.1 expression was also significantly inhibited after 50 ug/L Cd2＋ exposure for 48 h. With regard to antioxidant enzymes, increased GPx and CAT activity were detected under Cd2＋ stress （5 and 50 ug/L）, while no significant difference in SOD activity was observed throughout the experiment. Overall, both MgsHsps and antioxidant enzymes revealed their potential as Cd stress biomarkers in M. galloprovincialis.展开更多
Denitrification and anammox processes are major nitrogen removal processes in coastal ecosystems. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics and driving factors of the diversity and community structure of involved functiona...Denitrification and anammox processes are major nitrogen removal processes in coastal ecosystems. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics and driving factors of the diversity and community structure of involved functional bacteria have not been well illustrated in coastal environments, especially in human-dominated ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the distributions of denitrifiers and anammox bacteria in the eutrophic Bohai Sea and the northern Yellow Sea of China in May and November of 2012 by constructing clone libraries employing nosZ and 16S rRNA gene biomarkers. The diversity of nosZ-denitrifier was much higher at the coastal sites compared with the central sites, but not significant among basins or seasons. Alphaproteobacteria were predominant and prevalent in the sediments, whereas Betaproteobacteria primarily occurred at the site near the Huanghe (Yellow) River estuary. Anammox bacteria Candidatus Scalindua was predominant in the sediments, and besides, Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia were also detected at the site near the Huanghe River estuary that received strong riverine and anthropogenic impacts. Salinity was the most important in structuring communities of nosZ-denitrifier and anammox bacteria. Additionally, anthropogenic perturbations (e.g. nitrogen overloading and consequent high primary productivity, and heavy metal discharges) contributed significantly to shaping community structures of denitrifier and anammox bacteria, suggesting that anthropogenic activities would influence and even change the ecological function of coastal ecosystems.展开更多
A survey on the hyperbenthic communities was carried out in the coastal waters of Sishili Bay in the Yellow Sea in July 2009,to investigate the impact of putative anthropogenic activities related to the presence of a ...A survey on the hyperbenthic communities was carried out in the coastal waters of Sishili Bay in the Yellow Sea in July 2009,to investigate the impact of putative anthropogenic activities related to the presence of a sewage outfall,a harbor and an aquaculture site on the benthic ecosystem.An Agassiz net trawl was used to collect hyperbenthos at 10 sampling stations.Species,diversity,abundance,and biomass were analyzed against water sample data and historical data obtained from records from nearby Yantai City.Fifty-two species were identified in the region,of which Crustacea were the most abundant taxon,followed by Echinodermata.Dominant species included five crustaceans,two echinoderms,one mollusk and one fish species.The results of a BIOENV analysis show that the concentrations of NO3-N and Chl-a were slightly positively correlated with hyperbenthic community structure,while other factors were negatively correlated,including sediment grain size and the percentage of TN and TOC in sediment.Abundance- Biomass Comparison(ABC method) curves indicate that the hyperbenthos in Sishili Bay had been disturbed by putative sources of human activities.Eight out of 10 stations were classified as "moderately perturbed" to "perturbed".展开更多
文摘With the aim of the harmonious development of economy-environment system in coastal cities in China. an index ,system used to evaluate the economy-environment system is built up in this paper, which includes four aspects： economy, environment, resources, and ocean industry. Based on the analysis on present condition and future trends of economic development in Tianjin and the quantification of various evaluation indices, the aathor applies integrated index valuation model to valuate the harmonious development af economy-environment of Tianjin. The results show that the coordinated degree of economy-environment would drop down in the future, from 0.95（superior level of harmonious development） in 2000 to 0.59（inferior level of harmonious development） in 2015. under the circumstance of the current economic development mode. The level of comprehensive development of Tianjin also presents to descend. Based on the analyzing of status and future trends of environment-economy coordinated development, the paper puts forward the countermeasures such as industry, structure adjustment, increasing the level of environmental protection investment, strengthening the enforcement of en vironmental policies to improve the coordinated development of environment-economy in Tianjin municipality.
基金Supported by the National Science&Technology Fundamental Resources Investigation Program of China(No.2022FY100603)the Key Project of the NSFC-Shandong Joint Fund(No.U2106208)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3108200)the Taishan Scholars Program(No.tsqn202211263)。
文摘Coral reefs support a wide range of organisms in the world,including jellyfish and their benthic relatives.However,quantifying the biodiversity of these organisms in reefs is a challenge because of their uneven distribution and cryptic early life stages,requiring the validation of alternative techniques for biodiversity assessment.Here,the biodiversity and spatial distribution patterns of jellyfish and their benthic relatives,from the Scyphozoa,Hydrozoa,and Ctenophora taxa(hereafter referred to as SHC),were investigated in the coral reefs of Xisha,China,using environmental DNA(eDNA)metabarcoding technology by collecting shallow seawater,mesophotic seawater,and sediment samples.One-hundred and eighty-eight SHC species spanning two phyla(Cnidaria and Ctenophora),three classes,11 orders,65 families,and 104 genera were identified,among which hydrozoans were the most dominant taxa,accounting for 89.81% of all SHC species.SHC species showed low connectivity between shallow and mesophotic habitats,presenting a clear vertical distribution pattern in coral reefs.In the mesophotic coral ecosystems(MCEs),140 SHC species(84.34%)were detected,of which 39.76% were exclusive to MCEs,with Zanclea sp.1,Orthopyxis integra,and Fabienna sphaerica being the dominant species.Additionally,although SHC diversity in seawater was higher than that in the sediment samples,22 species were identified only in the sediment samples,indicating that sediment eDNA may represent a valuable supplementary tool for the investigation of SHC communities in hot spots.In addition to revealing the vast diversity of SHC species occupying coral reef ecosystems in the Xisha Islands,our findings confirm the potential of eDNA metabarcoding as an advanced tool for monitoring the biodiversity of cryptic species.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu province,China(BK20240937)the Belt and Road Special Foundation of the National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention(2022491411,2021491811)the Basal Research Fund of Central Public Welfare Scientific Institution of Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute(Y223006).
文摘Understanding spatial heterogeneity in groundwater responses to multiple factors is critical for water resource management in coastal cities.Daily groundwater depth(GWD)data from 43 wells(2018-2022)were collected in three coastal cities in Jiangsu Province,China.Seasonal and Trend decomposition using Loess(STL)together with wavelet analysis and empirical mode decomposition were applied to identify tide-influenced wells while remaining wells were grouped by hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA).Machine learning models were developed to predict GWD,then their response to natural conditions and human activities was assessed by the Shapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)method.Results showed that eXtreme Gradient Boosting(XGB)was superior to other models in terms of prediction performance and computational efficiency(R^(2)>0.95).GWD in Yancheng and southern Lianyungang were greater than those in Nantong,exhibiting larger fluctuations.Groundwater within 5 km of the coastline was affected by tides,with more pronounced effects in agricultural areas compared to urban areas.Shallow groundwater(3-7 m depth)responded immediately(0-1 day)to rainfall,primarily influenced by farmland and topography(slope and distance from rivers).Rainfall recharge to groundwater peaked at 50%farmland coverage,but this effect was suppressed by high temperatures(>30℃)which intensified as distance from rivers increased,especially in forest and grassland.Deep groundwater(>10 m)showed delayed responses to rainfall(1-4 days)and temperature(10-15 days),with GDP as the primary influence,followed by agricultural irrigation and population density.Farmland helped to maintain stable GWD in low population density regions,while excessive farmland coverage(>90%)led to overexploitation.In the early stages of GDP development,increased industrial and agricultural water demand led to GWD decline,but as GDP levels significantly improved,groundwater consumption pressure gradually eased.This methodological framework is applicable not only to coastal cities in China but also could be extended to coastal regions worldwide.
基金Project supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3504100,2021YFB3500600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22208170)+4 种基金Basic Scientific Research Expenses Program of Universities directly under Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(JY20220286)Cooperation Foundation for the Chunhui Plan Program of Ministry of Education of China(202200554)Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Opticelectric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science,MOE(M2024-7)Open Project Program of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental RemediatiSon(PSMER2023008)the Open Foundation of State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control(SEMPC2023004)。
文摘Rare earth elements are highly applicable in photocatalysis due to their partially filled 4f orbitals,existing in electronic structures that facilitate the transfer of electrons during the reaction process.Among these materials,CeO_(2)has a distinctive external electronic structure(4f^(1)5d^(1)6s^(2)),abundant oxygen vacancies,and strong conversion ability of Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+),which makes it an attractive candidate in the field of photocatalysis.To broaden its practical applications in the visible region,the drawbacks of a wide band gap and a slow Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)cycle have been addressed through the modification of CeO_(2),thereby accelerating light absorption and self-circulation,and enhancing photocatalytic activity.This paper presents a review of the preparation of modified CeO_(2)catalysts and their application in the conversion of cerium valence state in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water.Furthermore,this paper presents a summary of the most recent development and current challenges,as well as prospect for the application of modified CeO_(2)-based materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42176163 and 31970398)。
文摘Ciliates are a dominant group in the marine sediment microecosystem,and their interactions with symbiotic prokaryotes are important for understanding the adaptation mechanisms of marine benthic eukaryotes.However,the microbial communities(microbiome)associated with most benthic ciliates and the taxonomic attributes of the dominant symbiotic bacteria are unclear.In this study,we focused on Paraspathidium apofuscum,a ciliate prevalent in marine benthic environments,and comprehensively explored the diversity and cellular location of the microbiomes in two P.apofuscum isolates using single-cell-based full-length16S rRNA amplicon sequencing,phylogenetic analysis,and fluorescence in situ hybridization.The results showed that the P.apofuscum cell surface carried a highly diverse microbiome whose cellular localization was consistent with the positions of the ciliate's somatic dikinetids.The dominant genera in the microbiome,Pseudoalteromonas,Halobacteriovorax and Oceaniserpentilla,were associated with unicellular eukaryotes.In particular,Pseudoalteromonas likely uses ciliate-secreted metabolites as nutrients and plays a role in host physical protection or pathogen resistance.Halobacteriovorax and Oceaniserpentilla are newly discovered or rare bacterial genera innovatively found to have ecological niches in symbiosis with benthic ciliates.Comparison analysis indicates that the microbiomes associated with benthic ciliates display species and population specificity,which are attributed to several factors such as environmental physicochemical properties,host physiological states,and interactions among associated bacteria.This study provides important insights into the environmental adaptation of eukaryotes through a symbiotic mechanism in the marine benthic environment.
基金funded by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao Special Administrative Region(Grant No.0009/2024/RIB1)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2020B0301030004).
文摘Persistent severe rainfall(PSR)events,defined as regional-scale rainfall processes with daily precipitation no less than 50 mm for at least three consecutive days,frequently occur over South China(SC)and the middle-to-lower Yangtze River Basin(MLYRB),with distinct dynamic mechanisms and moisture conditions in the two regions.Based on daily precipitation observations from China’s national meteorological stations and ERA5 reanalysis during 2012-21,this study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution of PSR events in SC and MLYRB and their associated three-dimensional circulation dynamics.The analysis integrates diagnostics of 200 hPa wave activity flux,perturbation streamfunction,500 hPa geopotential height,850 hPa wind fields,and integrated water vapor transport.Results show that PSR events in SC mainly occur during May-June,with rainfall centers over coastal and central Guangdong and Guangxi.In contrast,MLYRB events peak during June-July,with a banded rainfall pattern along the middle-to-lower Yangtze River.Dynamical diagnostics indicate that,in SC,sustained northwest-southeast propagation of 200 hPa disturbances,the southward shift of the 500 hPa trough,and steady subtropical high maintenance provide continuous dynamical support.Concurrently,strong and persistent 850 hPa southwesterlies and long-lasting moisture transport form favorable moisture conditions.In contrast,MLYRB events are marked by rapid phase transitions of 200 hPa streamfunction anomalies and northward-westward expansion of the 500 hPa subtropical high,triggering intense rainfall development.Simultaneously,abrupt enhancement of 850 hPa southwesterlies and rapid formation of a southwest moisture corridor ensure abundant and timely moisture supply,facilitating PSR onset.
基金The Central Basic Scientific Research Project in the Public Welfare for the Scientific Research Institutes under contract No.gyk5091301
文摘In order to understand the diversity and distribution of the bacterial community in the coastal sediment of the Bohai Bay, China, high-throughput barcoded pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used. Metagenomic DNA was extracted from the sediment samples, and was sequenced using a 454 GS FLX Titanium system. At 97% similarity, the sequences were assigned to 22 884 operational taxonomic units （OTUs） which belonged to 41 phyla, 84 classes, 268 genera and 789 species. At the different taxonomic levels, both the dominants and their distribution varied significantly among the six coastal sediments. Proteobacteria was the first dominant phylum across all the six coastal sediments, representing 57.52%, 60.66%, 45.10%, 60.92%, 56.63% and 56.59%, respectively. Bacteroidetes was the second dominant phylum at Stas S1, S2 and S4, while Chloroflexi was the second dominant phylum at Stas S3, S5 and S6. At class level, γ-Proteobacteria was the first dominant class at Stas S1,S2, S4 andS6, while δ-Proteobacteria became the first dominant class at Stas S3 and S5. In addition, a large proportion of unclassified representatives have distributed at the different taxonomic levels. Canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） results indicated that the sediment texture, water depth （D）, dissolved oxygen （DO）, total nitrogen （TN） and nine EPA priority control polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） including naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorine, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene were the important factors in regulating the bacterial community composition. Those results are very important to further understand the roles of bacterial community in the coastal biogeochemical cycles.
基金Supported by the National Special Research Fund for Non-profit Sector(Environmental Protection)(No.2008467041)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40976086)
文摘The Changjiang(Yangtze)River estuary has been subject to a variety of anthropogenic pressures in recent decades.To assess the ecological health of the coastal benthic ecosystem adjacent to the estuary,three surveys were conducted in 2005,2009,and 2010.The AZTI's Marine Biotic Index(AMBI)and multivariate-AMBI(M-AMBI)were used to analyse the benthic ecological status of this coast.The AMBI indicate that the ecological status of the coast adjacent to the Changjiang River estuary was only slightly degraded in all 3 years.In contrast,the M-AMBI indicated that the ecological status was seriously degraded,a result that is most likely due to pollution and eutrophication induced by human activities.The assessment of the coast's ecological status by the AMBI was not in agreement with that of the M-AMBI at some stations because of lower biodiversity values at those sites.The analysis of the two indices integrated with abiotic parameters showed that the M-AMBI could be used as a suitable bio-indicator index to assess the benthic ecological status of the coast adjacent to the Changjiang River estuary.The reference conditions proposed for the coast of the Changjiang River estuary should be further evaluated in future studies.Designation of local species could also provide an important reference for Chinese waters.To improve the reliability of AMBI and M-AMBI,further research into the ecology of local species is required to understand their arrangement in ecological groups.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42176221,41901133)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.XDA19060205)Seed project of Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.YIC-E3518907)。
文摘Increased human activities in China's coastal zone have resulted in the depletion of ecological land resources.Thus,conducting current and future multi-scenario simulation research on land use and land cover change(LUCC)is crucial for guiding the healthy and sustainable development of coastal zones.System dynamic(SD)-future land use simulation(FLUS)model,a coupled simulation model,was developed to analyze land use dynamics in China's coastal zone.This model encompasses five scenarios,namely,SSP1-RCP2.6(A),SSP2-RCP4.5(B),SSP3-RCP4.5(C),SSP4-RCP4.5(D),and SSP5-RCP8.5(E).The SD model simulates land use demand on an annual basis up to the year 2100.Subsequently,the FLUS model determines the spatial distribution of land use for the near term(2035),medium term(2050),and long term(2100).Results reveal a slowing trend in land use changes in China's coastal zone from 2000–2020.Among these changes,the expansion rate of construction land was the highest and exhibited an annual decrease.By 2100,land use predictions exhibit high accuracy,and notable differences are observed in trends across scenarios.In summary,the expansion of production,living,and ecological spaces toward the sea remains prominent.Scenario A emphasizes reduced land resource dependence,benefiting ecological land protection.Scenario B witnesses an intensified expansion of artificial wetlands.Scenario C sees substantial land needs for living and production,while Scenario D shows coastal forest and grassland shrinkage.Lastly,in Scenario E,the conflict between humans and land intensifies.This study presents pertinent recommendations for the future development,utilization,and management of coastal areas in China.The research contributes valuable scientific support for informed,long-term strategic decision making within coastal regions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41306083,41106076)the Special Fund for Scientific Research Foundation of the Third Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,China(Nos.2010002,2013032)
文摘The distribution of diatoms from surface sediments of the West Philippine Basin was analyzed, with 68 species and varieties of diatoms from 26 genera identified. Diatom abundance varied spatially, with the absolute abundance of diatoms ranging from 0 to 3.4× 104 frustules/g. The seven tropical pelagic diatoms were Alveus marinus, Azpeitia africana, Azpeitia nodulifera, Hemidiscus cuneiformis, Hernidiscus cuneiformis var. ventricosus, Roperia tesselata and Rhizosolenia bergonii. The relative abundance of these species was greater than 20%, and their distribution pattern in the sediments was overlaid by the flow of the Kuroshio Current. Ethmodiscus rex was present at 159 stations, formed the most abundant and dominant species in the diatomaceous ooze, and thus referred to as Ethmodiscus ooze. Ethmodiscus rex was also a major contributor to primary production in the region. A principal component analysis was employed to explain the relationship between samples and variations in diatom species from the WPB. Four diatom assemblages were distinguished, representing different oceanographic conditions; their spatial distributions were closely related with the North Equatorial Current and Kuroshio Current patterns in the region. These diatom assemblages can therefore be useful in deciphering late Quaternary palaeoceanographic reconstructions of the West Philippine Basin.
基金Supported by the 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41206105)the Key Deployment Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZZD-EW-14-03)
文摘Small heat shock proteins encompass a widespread but diverse class of proteins, which play key roles in protecting organisms from various stressors. In the present study, the full-length cDNAs of two small heat shock proteins （MgsHSP22 and MgsHSP24.1） were cloned from Mytilus galloprovincialis, which encoded peptides of 181 and 247 amino acids, respectively. Both MgsHSP22 and MgsHSP24.1 were detected in all tissues examined by real-time PCR, with the highest expression being observed in muscle and gonad tissues. The real-time PCR results revealed that Cd significantly inhibited MgsHSP22 expression at 24 h and MgsHSP24.1 at 24 and 48 h under 5 ug/L Cd2＋ exposure. MgsHSP24.1 expression was also significantly inhibited after 50 ug/L Cd2＋ exposure for 48 h. With regard to antioxidant enzymes, increased GPx and CAT activity were detected under Cd2＋ stress （5 and 50 ug/L）, while no significant difference in SOD activity was observed throughout the experiment. Overall, both MgsHsps and antioxidant enzymes revealed their potential as Cd stress biomarkers in M. galloprovincialis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41206155,41676154)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA11020702)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Development Program of Yantai,China(No.2015ZH074)the Special Program for Basic Research of the Ministry of Science and Technology,China(No.2014FY210600)the Discipline Construction Guide Foundation in Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai(No.WH20160205)
文摘Denitrification and anammox processes are major nitrogen removal processes in coastal ecosystems. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics and driving factors of the diversity and community structure of involved functional bacteria have not been well illustrated in coastal environments, especially in human-dominated ecosystems. In this study, we investigated the distributions of denitrifiers and anammox bacteria in the eutrophic Bohai Sea and the northern Yellow Sea of China in May and November of 2012 by constructing clone libraries employing nosZ and 16S rRNA gene biomarkers. The diversity of nosZ-denitrifier was much higher at the coastal sites compared with the central sites, but not significant among basins or seasons. Alphaproteobacteria were predominant and prevalent in the sediments, whereas Betaproteobacteria primarily occurred at the site near the Huanghe (Yellow) River estuary. Anammox bacteria Candidatus Scalindua was predominant in the sediments, and besides, Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Kuenenia were also detected at the site near the Huanghe River estuary that received strong riverine and anthropogenic impacts. Salinity was the most important in structuring communities of nosZ-denitrifier and anammox bacteria. Additionally, anthropogenic perturbations (e.g. nitrogen overloading and consequent high primary productivity, and heavy metal discharges) contributed significantly to shaping community structures of denitrifier and anammox bacteria, suggesting that anthropogenic activities would influence and even change the ecological function of coastal ecosystems.
基金Supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KZCX2-YW-Q07-04)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.NSFC41061130543)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Shandong Province(No.2011GGF01003)
文摘A survey on the hyperbenthic communities was carried out in the coastal waters of Sishili Bay in the Yellow Sea in July 2009,to investigate the impact of putative anthropogenic activities related to the presence of a sewage outfall,a harbor and an aquaculture site on the benthic ecosystem.An Agassiz net trawl was used to collect hyperbenthos at 10 sampling stations.Species,diversity,abundance,and biomass were analyzed against water sample data and historical data obtained from records from nearby Yantai City.Fifty-two species were identified in the region,of which Crustacea were the most abundant taxon,followed by Echinodermata.Dominant species included five crustaceans,two echinoderms,one mollusk and one fish species.The results of a BIOENV analysis show that the concentrations of NO3-N and Chl-a were slightly positively correlated with hyperbenthic community structure,while other factors were negatively correlated,including sediment grain size and the percentage of TN and TOC in sediment.Abundance- Biomass Comparison(ABC method) curves indicate that the hyperbenthos in Sishili Bay had been disturbed by putative sources of human activities.Eight out of 10 stations were classified as "moderately perturbed" to "perturbed".
