Community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide.In this study,we aimed to describe the aetiology of viral infection of pediatric CAP in Chinese mainland....Community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide.In this study,we aimed to describe the aetiology of viral infection of pediatric CAP in Chinese mainland.During November2014 to June 2016,the prospective study was conducted in 13 hospitals.The hospitalized children under 18 years old who met the criteria for CAP were enrolled.The throat swabs or nasopharyngeal aspirates(NPAs) were collected which were then screened 18 respiratory viruses using multiplex PCR assay.Viral pathogens were present in 56.6%(1539/2721) of the enrolled cases,with the detection rate of single virus in 39.8% of the cases and multiple viruses in 16.8% of the cases.The most frequently detected virus was respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)(15.2%,414/2721).The highest detection rate of virus was in <6-month-age group(70.7%,292/413).RSV,human metapneumovirus(HMPV),human parainfluenza viruses(HPIVs) and influenza B virus(Flu B) showed the similar prevalence patterns both in north and south China,but HPIVs,Flu A,human bocavirus(HBoV),human adenovirus(HAdV) and human coronaviruses(HCoVs) showed the distinct circulating patterns in north and south China.Human enterovirus/human rhinovirus(HEV/HRV)(27.6%,27/98),HBoV(18.4%,18/98),RSV(16.3%,16/98) and HMPV(14.3%,14/98) were the most commonly detected viruses in severe pneumonia cases with single virus infection.In conclusion,viral pathogens are frequently detected in pediatric CAP cases and may therefore play a vital role in the aetiology of CAP.RSV was the most important virus in hospitalized children with CAP in Chinese mainland.展开更多
Human adenovirus type 108(HAdV-108)has been detected in multiple countries,including China,and is associated with severe acute respiratory infection(ARI)in children,with reported fatalities.However,studies on HAdV-108...Human adenovirus type 108(HAdV-108)has been detected in multiple countries,including China,and is associated with severe acute respiratory infection(ARI)in children,with reported fatalities.However,studies on HAdV-108 remain limited.This study aimed to investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of HAdV-108 in ARI children in China.From 2014 to 2024,6720 respiratory samples were collected from hospitalized children with ARI at ten hospitals across northern and southern China,of which 505(7.51%)tested positive for HAdV.The whole-genome and three major capsid protein genes were amplified and sequenced for bioinformatics analysis,which revealed that among 317 HAdV-isolated samples,21(6.62%)were identified as HAdV-108,ranking third after HAdV-114 and HAdV-7.Clinical analysis of HAdV-108-positive cases showed that the main manifestations were cough and fever.Seven children had gastrointestinal symptoms,and two children without underlying diseases were diagnosed with severe pneumonia.Phylogenetic analysis of wholegenome sequences revealed distinct predominant epidemic branches between domestic and international strains,with one strain obtained in this study forming an independent branch.Hexon protein exhibited the fastest evolution rate,lowest identity,and greatest amino acid variability,while fiber protein displayed the slowest evolution rate,highest identity,and greatest conservation and stability.Compared with the earliest reported HAdV-108 strain,three amino acid deletions were identified in the RGD loop region of penton base protein,resulting in potential structural change.Recombination analysis identified five distinct recombination patterns.In vitro experiments demonstrated that HAdV-108 had proliferation capacity comparable to other species C adenoviruses.In summary,HAdV-108 has persistently circulated in China,causing severe ARIs and concurrent gastrointestinal manifestations.Cluster3 was the predominant epidemic branch in China.HAdV-108 exhibited significant intratype genetic variation,with random and diverse recombination events.展开更多
To better understand the epidemiological characteristics of human adenovirus(HAdv)infections in China during and after the coronavirus disease 2019(COvVID-19)pandemic,respiratory specimens were collected from 17,562 e...To better understand the epidemiological characteristics of human adenovirus(HAdv)infections in China during and after the coronavirus disease 2019(COvVID-19)pandemic,respiratory specimens were collected from 17,562 enrolled patients with acute respiratory infections(ARIs)in 14 sentinel surveillance provinces during 2020-2023.Eight common respiratory viruses were detected using commercially available nucleic acid detection kits.HAdV-positive cases were statistically analyzed for detection rates,geographic distribution,seasonal patterns,demographic characteristics,and co-infection status.The results of this study showed that the overall HAdV detection rate was 5.09%(894/17,562)during 2020-2023,with a gradual decrease in the annual detection rate from 6.66%in 2020 to 3.89%in 2022 and a rebound in 2023(5.19%).The overall HAdV detection rate was significantly higher in the southern region(6.15%)than in the northern region(4.76%)(P<0.001).The median age of patients with HAdv infection was 3 years,with infants aged 0-2 years accounting for the majority(41.39%).HAdV-positive cases were detected throughout the year,with no clear seasonal pattern,and the HAdV epidemic in China during 2020-2023 may have been driven primarily by the virus infection in the southern region.Co-infections were frequent in HAdV-positive cases(overall rate:36.01%),primarily consisting of dual infections(79.28%),with human rhinovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus being the most common coinfecting pathogens.In conclusion,this study suggested the significant regional and temporal variation in HAdV detection rate in China during 2020-2023,and thus ongoing surveillance should be conducted to elucidate the epidemiological dynamics of HAdV infections.展开更多
Childhood obesity is one of the biggest public health challenges globally.It is associated with various adverse health consequences throughout life.Prevention and early intervention represent the most reasonable and c...Childhood obesity is one of the biggest public health challenges globally.It is associated with various adverse health consequences throughout life.Prevention and early intervention represent the most reasonable and costeffective approaches.Considerable progress has been achieved in the management of obesity in children and adolescents;yet,implementation in the real world remains a challenge.This article aimed to present an overview of the diagnosis and management of obesity in children and adolescents.展开更多
基金This study was supported by National Science and Technology Supported Projects(grant number:2013BAI09B11)the National Major Science&Technology Project for Control and Prevention of Major Infectious Diseases in China(grant number:2018ZX10201002-008-008,2017ZX10103004-004)。
文摘Community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children worldwide.In this study,we aimed to describe the aetiology of viral infection of pediatric CAP in Chinese mainland.During November2014 to June 2016,the prospective study was conducted in 13 hospitals.The hospitalized children under 18 years old who met the criteria for CAP were enrolled.The throat swabs or nasopharyngeal aspirates(NPAs) were collected which were then screened 18 respiratory viruses using multiplex PCR assay.Viral pathogens were present in 56.6%(1539/2721) of the enrolled cases,with the detection rate of single virus in 39.8% of the cases and multiple viruses in 16.8% of the cases.The most frequently detected virus was respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)(15.2%,414/2721).The highest detection rate of virus was in <6-month-age group(70.7%,292/413).RSV,human metapneumovirus(HMPV),human parainfluenza viruses(HPIVs) and influenza B virus(Flu B) showed the similar prevalence patterns both in north and south China,but HPIVs,Flu A,human bocavirus(HBoV),human adenovirus(HAdV) and human coronaviruses(HCoVs) showed the distinct circulating patterns in north and south China.Human enterovirus/human rhinovirus(HEV/HRV)(27.6%,27/98),HBoV(18.4%,18/98),RSV(16.3%,16/98) and HMPV(14.3%,14/98) were the most commonly detected viruses in severe pneumonia cases with single virus infection.In conclusion,viral pathogens are frequently detected in pediatric CAP cases and may therefore play a vital role in the aetiology of CAP.RSV was the most important virus in hospitalized children with CAP in Chinese mainland.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2306001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32470141)+1 种基金the Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases Project(BJRID2025-008)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS,NO.2019-I2M-5–026,2022-I2M-CoV19-006).
文摘Human adenovirus type 108(HAdV-108)has been detected in multiple countries,including China,and is associated with severe acute respiratory infection(ARI)in children,with reported fatalities.However,studies on HAdV-108 remain limited.This study aimed to investigate the clinical and genetic characteristics of HAdV-108 in ARI children in China.From 2014 to 2024,6720 respiratory samples were collected from hospitalized children with ARI at ten hospitals across northern and southern China,of which 505(7.51%)tested positive for HAdV.The whole-genome and three major capsid protein genes were amplified and sequenced for bioinformatics analysis,which revealed that among 317 HAdV-isolated samples,21(6.62%)were identified as HAdV-108,ranking third after HAdV-114 and HAdV-7.Clinical analysis of HAdV-108-positive cases showed that the main manifestations were cough and fever.Seven children had gastrointestinal symptoms,and two children without underlying diseases were diagnosed with severe pneumonia.Phylogenetic analysis of wholegenome sequences revealed distinct predominant epidemic branches between domestic and international strains,with one strain obtained in this study forming an independent branch.Hexon protein exhibited the fastest evolution rate,lowest identity,and greatest amino acid variability,while fiber protein displayed the slowest evolution rate,highest identity,and greatest conservation and stability.Compared with the earliest reported HAdV-108 strain,three amino acid deletions were identified in the RGD loop region of penton base protein,resulting in potential structural change.Recombination analysis identified five distinct recombination patterns.In vitro experiments demonstrated that HAdV-108 had proliferation capacity comparable to other species C adenoviruses.In summary,HAdV-108 has persistently circulated in China,causing severe ARIs and concurrent gastrointestinal manifestations.Cluster3 was the predominant epidemic branch in China.HAdV-108 exhibited significant intratype genetic variation,with random and diverse recombination events.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2305303).
文摘To better understand the epidemiological characteristics of human adenovirus(HAdv)infections in China during and after the coronavirus disease 2019(COvVID-19)pandemic,respiratory specimens were collected from 17,562 enrolled patients with acute respiratory infections(ARIs)in 14 sentinel surveillance provinces during 2020-2023.Eight common respiratory viruses were detected using commercially available nucleic acid detection kits.HAdV-positive cases were statistically analyzed for detection rates,geographic distribution,seasonal patterns,demographic characteristics,and co-infection status.The results of this study showed that the overall HAdV detection rate was 5.09%(894/17,562)during 2020-2023,with a gradual decrease in the annual detection rate from 6.66%in 2020 to 3.89%in 2022 and a rebound in 2023(5.19%).The overall HAdV detection rate was significantly higher in the southern region(6.15%)than in the northern region(4.76%)(P<0.001).The median age of patients with HAdv infection was 3 years,with infants aged 0-2 years accounting for the majority(41.39%).HAdV-positive cases were detected throughout the year,with no clear seasonal pattern,and the HAdV epidemic in China during 2020-2023 may have been driven primarily by the virus infection in the southern region.Co-infections were frequent in HAdV-positive cases(overall rate:36.01%),primarily consisting of dual infections(79.28%),with human rhinovirus and human respiratory syncytial virus being the most common coinfecting pathogens.In conclusion,this study suggested the significant regional and temporal variation in HAdV detection rate in China during 2020-2023,and thus ongoing surveillance should be conducted to elucidate the epidemiological dynamics of HAdV infections.
基金The Science and Technology Project of Jilin Province,China,Grant/Award Number:20200201421JC。
文摘Childhood obesity is one of the biggest public health challenges globally.It is associated with various adverse health consequences throughout life.Prevention and early intervention represent the most reasonable and costeffective approaches.Considerable progress has been achieved in the management of obesity in children and adolescents;yet,implementation in the real world remains a challenge.This article aimed to present an overview of the diagnosis and management of obesity in children and adolescents.
