The scientific field test site of rainfall-soil moisture-groundwater conversion in Dabie Mountain Area–Jianghan Plain is located in the northern region of the Jianghan Plain,the transition zone between the Dabie Moun...The scientific field test site of rainfall-soil moisture-groundwater conversion in Dabie Mountain Area–Jianghan Plain is located in the northern region of the Jianghan Plain,the transition zone between the Dabie Mountain Area and Jianghan Plain.It’s a great field test site to study the material and energy exchange among rainfall,soil moisture,and groundwater of the Earth’s critical zone in subtropical monsoon climate plain areas.This paper analyzed the connection between rainfall and volume water content(VWC)of soil at different depths of several soil profiles,and the dynamic feature of groundwater was discussed,which reveals the rainfall infiltration recharge of Quaternary Upper Pleistocene strata.The results show that the Quaternary Upper Pleistocene aquifer groundwater accepts a little direct rainfall recharge,while the lateral recharge is the main supplement source.There were 75 effective rainfall events among 120 rainfall events during the monitoring period,with an accumulated amount of 672.9 mm,and the percentages of effective rainfall amount and duration time were 62.50%and 91.56%,respectively.The max evaporation depth at the upper part in Quaternary cohesive soil was no less than 1.4 m.The soil profile was divided into four zones:(1)The sensitive zone of rainfall infiltration within 1.4 m,where the material and energy exchange frequently near the interface between atmosphere and soil;(2)the buffer zone of rainfall infiltration between 1.4 m and 3.5 m;(3)the migration zone of rainfall infiltration between 3.5 m and 5.0 m;and(4)the rainfall infiltration and groundwater level co-influenced zone below 5.0 m.The results revealed the reaction of soil moisture and groundwater to rainfall in the area covered by cohesive soil under humid climate in Earth’s critical zone,which is of great theoretical and practical significance for groundwater resources evaluation and development,groundwater environmental protection,ecological environmental improvement,drought disaster prevention,and flood disaster prevention in subtropical monsoon climate plain areas.展开更多
The construction of modern livable cities faces challenges in karst areas,including ground collapse and engineering problems.Wuhan,with a population of 13.74×10^(6) and approximately 1161 km^(2)of soluble rocks i...The construction of modern livable cities faces challenges in karst areas,including ground collapse and engineering problems.Wuhan,with a population of 13.74×10^(6) and approximately 1161 km^(2)of soluble rocks in the urban area of 8569.15 km^(2),predominantly consists of concealed karst areas where occasional ground collapse events occur,posing significant threats to underground engineering projects.To address these challenges,a comprehensive geological survey was conducted in Wuhan,focusing on major karstrelated issues.Geophysical methods offer advantages over drilling in detecting concealed karst areas due to their efficiency,non-destructiveness,and flexibility.This paper reviewed the karst geological characteristics in Wuhan and the geophysical exploration methods for karst,selected eight effective geophysical methods for field experimentation,evaluated their suitability,and proposed method combinations for different karst scenarios.The results show that different geophysical methods have varying applicability for karst detection in Wuhan,and combining multiple methods enhances detection effectiveness.The specific recommendations for method combinations provided in this study serve as a valuable reference for karst detection in Wuhan.展开更多
The ligand-stabilized soluble Mn(Ⅲ) recognized as active intermediate can potentially mediate the attenuation of contaminants. In this study,the abiotic degradation behaviors of methyl parathion in the ligand stabili...The ligand-stabilized soluble Mn(Ⅲ) recognized as active intermediate can potentially mediate the attenuation of contaminants. In this study,the abiotic degradation behaviors of methyl parathion in the ligand stabilized Mn(Ⅲ)-sulfite system were investigated. The results showed that the yield of soluble Mn(Ⅲ) produced from the redox reaction of MnO2 and oxalic acid was dependent linearly on the dosage of Mn O2 and caused the decomposition of methyl parathion up to 50.1% in Mn(Ⅲ)-sulfite system after 30 minutes. The fitted pseudo-first-order reaction constants of methyl parathion degradation increased with the increasing of the amount of produced Mn(Ⅲ) but was not effected linearly by the addition of sulfite. Other ligands,including pyrophosphate and oxalic acid,acted as effective complexing agents to stabilize soluble Mn(Ⅲ),and exhibited competitive effect on methyl parathion degradation with sulfite. The formation of Mn(Ⅲ)-sulfite complexes is the critical step in the system to produce abundant reactive oxygen species identified as SO3·-to facilitate methyl parathion degradation. The hydrolysis and oxidation of methyl parathion were acknowledged as two primary transformation mechanisms in Mn(Ⅲ)-sulfite system. These findings indicate that naturally ligands-stabilized soluble Mn(Ⅲ) can be generated and could oxidatively decompose organophosphate pesticides such as methyl parathion.展开更多
基金the project“1:50000 regional hydrogeological survey in the Dabie Mountains contiguous destitute area”(121201009000172522)from Wuhan Center of Geological Survey,China Geological Survey(CGS).
文摘The scientific field test site of rainfall-soil moisture-groundwater conversion in Dabie Mountain Area–Jianghan Plain is located in the northern region of the Jianghan Plain,the transition zone between the Dabie Mountain Area and Jianghan Plain.It’s a great field test site to study the material and energy exchange among rainfall,soil moisture,and groundwater of the Earth’s critical zone in subtropical monsoon climate plain areas.This paper analyzed the connection between rainfall and volume water content(VWC)of soil at different depths of several soil profiles,and the dynamic feature of groundwater was discussed,which reveals the rainfall infiltration recharge of Quaternary Upper Pleistocene strata.The results show that the Quaternary Upper Pleistocene aquifer groundwater accepts a little direct rainfall recharge,while the lateral recharge is the main supplement source.There were 75 effective rainfall events among 120 rainfall events during the monitoring period,with an accumulated amount of 672.9 mm,and the percentages of effective rainfall amount and duration time were 62.50%and 91.56%,respectively.The max evaporation depth at the upper part in Quaternary cohesive soil was no less than 1.4 m.The soil profile was divided into four zones:(1)The sensitive zone of rainfall infiltration within 1.4 m,where the material and energy exchange frequently near the interface between atmosphere and soil;(2)the buffer zone of rainfall infiltration between 1.4 m and 3.5 m;(3)the migration zone of rainfall infiltration between 3.5 m and 5.0 m;and(4)the rainfall infiltration and groundwater level co-influenced zone below 5.0 m.The results revealed the reaction of soil moisture and groundwater to rainfall in the area covered by cohesive soil under humid climate in Earth’s critical zone,which is of great theoretical and practical significance for groundwater resources evaluation and development,groundwater environmental protection,ecological environmental improvement,drought disaster prevention,and flood disaster prevention in subtropical monsoon climate plain areas.
基金jointly supported by the project of Chinese National Natural Science Foundation(42107485)National Key R&D Program(2020YFC1512400,2018YFC800804)China Geological Survey(DD20190282,DD20221734,and DD20230323)。
文摘The construction of modern livable cities faces challenges in karst areas,including ground collapse and engineering problems.Wuhan,with a population of 13.74×10^(6) and approximately 1161 km^(2)of soluble rocks in the urban area of 8569.15 km^(2),predominantly consists of concealed karst areas where occasional ground collapse events occur,posing significant threats to underground engineering projects.To address these challenges,a comprehensive geological survey was conducted in Wuhan,focusing on major karstrelated issues.Geophysical methods offer advantages over drilling in detecting concealed karst areas due to their efficiency,non-destructiveness,and flexibility.This paper reviewed the karst geological characteristics in Wuhan and the geophysical exploration methods for karst,selected eight effective geophysical methods for field experimentation,evaluated their suitability,and proposed method combinations for different karst scenarios.The results show that different geophysical methods have varying applicability for karst detection in Wuhan,and combining multiple methods enhances detection effectiveness.The specific recommendations for method combinations provided in this study serve as a valuable reference for karst detection in Wuhan.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41772251, 41702267 and 41521001)the State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (No. FSKLCCA1511)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2017M612536)the “111” Project of the Ministry of Education of China
文摘The ligand-stabilized soluble Mn(Ⅲ) recognized as active intermediate can potentially mediate the attenuation of contaminants. In this study,the abiotic degradation behaviors of methyl parathion in the ligand stabilized Mn(Ⅲ)-sulfite system were investigated. The results showed that the yield of soluble Mn(Ⅲ) produced from the redox reaction of MnO2 and oxalic acid was dependent linearly on the dosage of Mn O2 and caused the decomposition of methyl parathion up to 50.1% in Mn(Ⅲ)-sulfite system after 30 minutes. The fitted pseudo-first-order reaction constants of methyl parathion degradation increased with the increasing of the amount of produced Mn(Ⅲ) but was not effected linearly by the addition of sulfite. Other ligands,including pyrophosphate and oxalic acid,acted as effective complexing agents to stabilize soluble Mn(Ⅲ),and exhibited competitive effect on methyl parathion degradation with sulfite. The formation of Mn(Ⅲ)-sulfite complexes is the critical step in the system to produce abundant reactive oxygen species identified as SO3·-to facilitate methyl parathion degradation. The hydrolysis and oxidation of methyl parathion were acknowledged as two primary transformation mechanisms in Mn(Ⅲ)-sulfite system. These findings indicate that naturally ligands-stabilized soluble Mn(Ⅲ) can be generated and could oxidatively decompose organophosphate pesticides such as methyl parathion.
