Soft robots have partially or entirely provided versatile opportunities for issues or roles that cannot be addressed by conventional machine robots,although most studies are limited to designs,controls,or physical/mec...Soft robots have partially or entirely provided versatile opportunities for issues or roles that cannot be addressed by conventional machine robots,although most studies are limited to designs,controls,or physical/mechanical motions.Here,we present a transformable,reconfigurable robotic platform created by the integration of magnetically responsive soft composite matrices with deformable multifunctional electronics.Magnetic compounds engineered to undergo phase transition at a low temperature can readily achieve reversible magnetization and conduct various changes of motions and shapes.Thin and flexible electronic system designed with mechanical dynamics does not interfere with movements of the soft electronic robot,and the performances of wireless circuit,sensors,and devices are independent of a variety of activities,all of which are verified by theoretical studies.Demonstration of navigations and electronic operations in an artificial track highlights the potential of the integrated soft robot for on-demand,environments-responsive movements/metamorphoses,and optoelectrical detection and stimulation.Further improvements to a miniaturized,sophisticated system with material options enable in situ monitoring and treatment in envisioned areas such as biomedical implants.展开更多
Background People living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA)must contend with a significant burden of disease.However,current studies of this demographic have yielded wide variations in the incidence of suicidality(defined as suicid...Background People living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA)must contend with a significant burden of disease.However,current studies of this demographic have yielded wide variations in the incidence of suicidality(defined as suicidal ideation,suicide attempt and suicide deaths).Aims This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidality in PLWHA.Methods Publications were identified from PubMed(MEDLINE),SCOPUS,OVID(MEDLINE),Joanna Briggs Institute EBP and Cochrane Library databases(from inception to before 1 February 2020).The search strategy included a combination of Medical Subject Headings associated with suicide and HIV.Researchers independently screened records,extracted outcome measures and assessed study quality.Data were pooled using a random-effects model.Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore the associated risk factors and to identify the sources of heterogeneity.Main outcomes were lifetime incidence of suicide completion and lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.Results A total of 185199 PLWHA were identified from 40 studies(12 cohorts,27 cross-sectional and 1 nested case-control).The overall incidence of suicide completion in PLWHA was 10.2/1000 persons(95%CI:4.5 to 23.1),translating to 100-fold higher suicide deaths than the global general population rate of 0.11/1000 persons.The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was 158.3/1000 persons(95%CI:106.9 to 228.2)and of suicidal ideation was 228.3/1000 persons(95%CI:150.8 to 330.1).Meta-regression revealed that for every 10-percentage point increase in the proportion of people living with HIV with advanced disease(AIDS),the risk of suicide completion increased by 34 per 1000 persons.The quality of evidence by Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluations for the suicide deaths was graded as‘moderate’quality.Conclusions The risk of suicide death is 100-fold higher in people living with HIV than in the general population.Lifetime incidence of suicidal ideation and attempts are substantially high.Suicide risk assessments should be a priority in PLWHA,especially for those with more advanced disease.展开更多
Optical wireless communications have been widely studied during the past decade in short-range applications, such as indoor highspeed wireless networks and interconnects in data centers and high-performance computing....Optical wireless communications have been widely studied during the past decade in short-range applications, such as indoor highspeed wireless networks and interconnects in data centers and high-performance computing. In this paper, recent developments in high-speed short-range optical wireless communications are reviewed, including visible light communications （VLCs）, infrared indoor communication systems, and reconfigurable optical interconnects. The general architecture of indoor high-speed optical wireless communications is described, and the advantages and limitations of both visible and infrared based solutions are discussed. The concept of reconfigurable optical interconnects is presented, and key results are summarized. In addition, the challenges and potential future directions of short-range optical wireless communications are discussed.展开更多
Flexible sensors are promising candidates in personalized healthcare,while desired sensors that allow implantation for biomedical applications with optimal sensing and favorable biological properties remain challenges...Flexible sensors are promising candidates in personalized healthcare,while desired sensors that allow implantation for biomedical applications with optimal sensing and favorable biological properties remain challenges.Here,a multifunctional hydrogel sensor was developed with gallic acid-modified chitosan(CSGA)and 3-carboxyphenylboronic acid-modified chitosan(CSPBA)by encapsulating Agdecorated polydopamine(Ag@PDA)nanoparticles,namely Ag@PDA-(CSPBA/CSGA).The optimized hydrogel sensor showed desired sensitivity(gauge factor=2.49),a rapid response/recovery time of 263 ms and good durability.Due to the presence of abundant reactive groups within Ag@PDA-(CSPBA/CSGA),the hydrogel sensor exhibited a comprehensive performance of self-healing,tissue adhesiveness,antioxidative activity,and antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli(92.76%)and Staphylococcus aureus(98.08%).Moreover,the hydrogel sensor could be utilized as a wound dressing,facilitating accelerated wound closure and tissue regeneration.Both subtle activities and large-scale movements could be monitored and distinguished by the hydrogel sensor.This study provides a promising epidermal sensor that offers multifunctionality for health monitoring and wound management.展开更多
The poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)results from its high metastasis,whereas inflammation accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)is prone to aggravate tumor metastasis.Although photo...The poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)results from its high metastasis,whereas inflammation accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)is prone to aggravate tumor metastasis.Although photothermal therapy(PTT)has extremely high therapeutic efficiency,the crafty tumor cells allow an increase in the expression of heat shock proteins(HSPs)to limit its effect,and PTT-induced inflammation is also thought to be a potential trigger for tumor metastasis.Herein,myricetin,iron ions,and polyvinylpyrrolidone were utilized to develop nanomedicines by self-assembly strategy for the treatment of metastatic TNBC.The nanomedicines with marvelous water solubility and dispersion can inhibit glucose transporter 1 and interfere with mitochondrial function to block the energy supply of tumor cells,achieving starvation therapy on TNBC cells.Nanomedicines with excellent photothermal conversion properties allow down-regulating the expression of HSPs to enhance the effect of PTT.Interestingly,the broad spectrum of ROS scavenging ability of nanomedicines successfully attenuates PTT-induced inflammation as well as influences hypoxia-inducible factors-1α/3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 related pathway through glycometabolism inhibition to reduce tumor cell metastasis.Moreover,the nanomedicines have negligible side effects and good clinical application prospects,which provides a valuable paradigm for the treatment of metastatic TNBC through glycometabolism interference,anti-inflammation,starvation,and photothermal synergistic therapy.展开更多
1.Introduction.This perspective highlights the need for a specialized publication dedicated to neuropsychiatric disorders,collectively termed“dysconnectivity syndromes.”These conditions,including dementia-Alzheimer...1.Introduction.This perspective highlights the need for a specialized publication dedicated to neuropsychiatric disorders,collectively termed“dysconnectivity syndromes.”These conditions,including dementia-Alzheimer’s disease(AD),schizophrenia,and autism spectrum disorders,result from failures in interconnected physiological systems and neural circuits rather than isolated lesions.The proposed Brain Network Disorders(BND)journal aims to promote innovative paradigms for understanding these complex brain disorders by applying general systems theory and complexity sciences.The aim is to broaden the traditional conceptualization of these diseases by stressing the multifactorial roots of these disorders where the focus is on the dynamic interactions among several influences and the failure of multiple overlapping nets that drive clinical manifestations。展开更多
In recent years,the collection and monitoring of human physiological signals have garnered increasing attention due to their wide-ranging applications in healthcare,human-machine interaction,sports,and other fields.Ho...In recent years,the collection and monitoring of human physiological signals have garnered increasing attention due to their wide-ranging applications in healthcare,human-machine interaction,sports,and other fields.However,the continuous fabrication of flexible gel fiber electrodes with high mechanical performance,high conductivity,and durability for extreme environments using a simple,efficient,and universal strategy remains challenging for physiological signal acquisition.Here,we have employed a strategy of solvent replacement and multi-level hydrogen bond enhancement to construct eutectogel fibers with continuous solid-liquid structure,achieving continuous production of fibers with high strength,high conductivity,and low-temperature resistance.In the fiber,PVA serves as the solid-state elastic phase,DES as the liquid ionic conductive phase,and CNF as the reinforcement phase.The resulting eutectogel fibers exhibit excellent tensile strength(37.3 MPa),good elongation(>700%),high electrical conductivity(0.543 S/m),and resistance to extreme dry and-60°C low-tem-perature environments.Furthermore,these eutectogel fibers demonstrate high sensitivity for monitoring joint movements and effectively detecting in vitro and in vivo signals,show casing their potential for wearable strain sensors and monitoring physiological signals.展开更多
Objective： To explore brain activations associated with electroacupuncture simulation at Tongli（HT 5） and its comparison with brain activations during picture-naming task. Methods： Twenty healthy subjects were enr...Objective： To explore brain activations associated with electroacupuncture simulation at Tongli（HT 5） and its comparison with brain activations during picture-naming task. Methods： Twenty healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Half of them received electroacupuncture stimulation at HT 5（ACUP group） and the other half of them received stimulation at a nonmeridian sham acupoint（SHAM group）. All subjects performed picture-naming task. Each subject finished two runs of functional magnetic resonance imaging examinations in one session and picture-naming task was performed before electroacupuncture stimulation. Subjective brain activations were obtained using generalized linear model and inter-group analyses were performed after that. Results： The electroacupuncture stimulation at HT 5 induced significant brain activations in both the anterior and posterior language regions, including the left inferior frontal gyrus, which was in consistent with activations induced during picture-naming task. Group analysis showed a tendency of increased activation of ACUP group in left inferior frontal gyrus compared with SHAM group（P〈0.05 FDR corrected）. Conclusions： Electroacupuncture treatment at the acupoint HT 5 has modulation effect on typical language-implicated brain regions in healthy subjects, which provides supporting evidence for beneficial effects of needling at HT 5 for recovery of language function in aphasia.展开更多
We constructed a eukaryotic expression plas-mid encoding Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 2(EBV,LMP2)and evaluated its effects on humoral immunity.First,the encoding sequence of the EBV LMP2 was amplified fro...We constructed a eukaryotic expression plas-mid encoding Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 2(EBV,LMP2)and evaluated its effects on humoral immunity.First,the encoding sequence of the EBV LMP2 was amplified from B95-8 cell RNA by reverse transcrip-tion polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and then was directionally cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1.It was employed to evaluate immune response of the mice inoculated doubly with the DNA vaccine.The serum antibody against LMP2 was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-LMP2 was confirmed by the restrictive endonuclease analysis and sequence analysis.The serum titer of IgG antibody against LMP2 epitope in the mice immunized with the DNA vaccine encoding LMP2 was up to 1∶4000.In conclusion,the EBV LMP2 DNA vaccine can induce a strong humoral immune response in mice.展开更多
基金supported by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Institutional Program(Project No.2E32501-23-106)the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(the Ministry of Science,ICT,MSIT)(RS-2022-00165524)+2 种基金the development of technologies for electroceuticals of National Research Foundation(NRF)funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(RS-2023-00220534)ICT Creative Consilience program through the Institute of Information&Communications Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(IITP-2024-2020-0-01819)Start up Pioneering in Research and Innovation(SPRINT)through the Commercialization Promotion Agency for R&D Outcomes(COMPA)grant funded by the Korea government(Ministry of Science and ICT)(1711198921).
文摘Soft robots have partially or entirely provided versatile opportunities for issues or roles that cannot be addressed by conventional machine robots,although most studies are limited to designs,controls,or physical/mechanical motions.Here,we present a transformable,reconfigurable robotic platform created by the integration of magnetically responsive soft composite matrices with deformable multifunctional electronics.Magnetic compounds engineered to undergo phase transition at a low temperature can readily achieve reversible magnetization and conduct various changes of motions and shapes.Thin and flexible electronic system designed with mechanical dynamics does not interfere with movements of the soft electronic robot,and the performances of wireless circuit,sensors,and devices are independent of a variety of activities,all of which are verified by theoretical studies.Demonstration of navigations and electronic operations in an artificial track highlights the potential of the integrated soft robot for on-demand,environments-responsive movements/metamorphoses,and optoelectrical detection and stimulation.Further improvements to a miniaturized,sophisticated system with material options enable in situ monitoring and treatment in envisioned areas such as biomedical implants.
基金This work was supported by a U.S.National Institutes of Health(NIH)Director’s Transformative Award 1R01AI145057(PS)。
文摘Background People living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA)must contend with a significant burden of disease.However,current studies of this demographic have yielded wide variations in the incidence of suicidality(defined as suicidal ideation,suicide attempt and suicide deaths).Aims This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidality in PLWHA.Methods Publications were identified from PubMed(MEDLINE),SCOPUS,OVID(MEDLINE),Joanna Briggs Institute EBP and Cochrane Library databases(from inception to before 1 February 2020).The search strategy included a combination of Medical Subject Headings associated with suicide and HIV.Researchers independently screened records,extracted outcome measures and assessed study quality.Data were pooled using a random-effects model.Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore the associated risk factors and to identify the sources of heterogeneity.Main outcomes were lifetime incidence of suicide completion and lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.Results A total of 185199 PLWHA were identified from 40 studies(12 cohorts,27 cross-sectional and 1 nested case-control).The overall incidence of suicide completion in PLWHA was 10.2/1000 persons(95%CI:4.5 to 23.1),translating to 100-fold higher suicide deaths than the global general population rate of 0.11/1000 persons.The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was 158.3/1000 persons(95%CI:106.9 to 228.2)and of suicidal ideation was 228.3/1000 persons(95%CI:150.8 to 330.1).Meta-regression revealed that for every 10-percentage point increase in the proportion of people living with HIV with advanced disease(AIDS),the risk of suicide completion increased by 34 per 1000 persons.The quality of evidence by Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluations for the suicide deaths was graded as‘moderate’quality.Conclusions The risk of suicide death is 100-fold higher in people living with HIV than in the general population.Lifetime incidence of suicidal ideation and attempts are substantially high.Suicide risk assessments should be a priority in PLWHA,especially for those with more advanced disease.
基金supported under Australian Research Council’s Discovery Early Career Researcher Award(DECRA)funding scheme(project number DE150100924)The University of Melbourne’s Early Career Researcher(ECR)funding scheme(project number 602702)the Victoria Fellowship(D2015/35025)
文摘Optical wireless communications have been widely studied during the past decade in short-range applications, such as indoor highspeed wireless networks and interconnects in data centers and high-performance computing. In this paper, recent developments in high-speed short-range optical wireless communications are reviewed, including visible light communications （VLCs）, infrared indoor communication systems, and reconfigurable optical interconnects. The general architecture of indoor high-speed optical wireless communications is described, and the advantages and limitations of both visible and infrared based solutions are discussed. The concept of reconfigurable optical interconnects is presented, and key results are summarized. In addition, the challenges and potential future directions of short-range optical wireless communications are discussed.
基金supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071346,32271403)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2021364)+2 种基金Young Top-notch Talents Program of Guangdong Special Support Plan(2023TQ07A534)GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515010223)Engineering Technology R&D Center of Guangdong Provincial Universities(2024GCZX004).
文摘Flexible sensors are promising candidates in personalized healthcare,while desired sensors that allow implantation for biomedical applications with optimal sensing and favorable biological properties remain challenges.Here,a multifunctional hydrogel sensor was developed with gallic acid-modified chitosan(CSGA)and 3-carboxyphenylboronic acid-modified chitosan(CSPBA)by encapsulating Agdecorated polydopamine(Ag@PDA)nanoparticles,namely Ag@PDA-(CSPBA/CSGA).The optimized hydrogel sensor showed desired sensitivity(gauge factor=2.49),a rapid response/recovery time of 263 ms and good durability.Due to the presence of abundant reactive groups within Ag@PDA-(CSPBA/CSGA),the hydrogel sensor exhibited a comprehensive performance of self-healing,tissue adhesiveness,antioxidative activity,and antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli(92.76%)and Staphylococcus aureus(98.08%).Moreover,the hydrogel sensor could be utilized as a wound dressing,facilitating accelerated wound closure and tissue regeneration.Both subtle activities and large-scale movements could be monitored and distinguished by the hydrogel sensor.This study provides a promising epidermal sensor that offers multifunctionality for health monitoring and wound management.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22207019,22108001Basic and Applied Basic Research Project of Guangzhou Science and Technology Bureau,Grant/Award Number:SL2023A04J00117。
文摘The poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)results from its high metastasis,whereas inflammation accompanied by excessive reactive oxygen species(ROS)is prone to aggravate tumor metastasis.Although photothermal therapy(PTT)has extremely high therapeutic efficiency,the crafty tumor cells allow an increase in the expression of heat shock proteins(HSPs)to limit its effect,and PTT-induced inflammation is also thought to be a potential trigger for tumor metastasis.Herein,myricetin,iron ions,and polyvinylpyrrolidone were utilized to develop nanomedicines by self-assembly strategy for the treatment of metastatic TNBC.The nanomedicines with marvelous water solubility and dispersion can inhibit glucose transporter 1 and interfere with mitochondrial function to block the energy supply of tumor cells,achieving starvation therapy on TNBC cells.Nanomedicines with excellent photothermal conversion properties allow down-regulating the expression of HSPs to enhance the effect of PTT.Interestingly,the broad spectrum of ROS scavenging ability of nanomedicines successfully attenuates PTT-induced inflammation as well as influences hypoxia-inducible factors-1α/3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 related pathway through glycometabolism inhibition to reduce tumor cell metastasis.Moreover,the nanomedicines have negligible side effects and good clinical application prospects,which provides a valuable paradigm for the treatment of metastatic TNBC through glycometabolism interference,anti-inflammation,starvation,and photothermal synergistic therapy.
基金CLARA project is jointly funded by the European Union and Czech Republic under EU’s Horizon Europe Framework Program(grant agreement No.Editorial Brain Network Disorders 1(2025)3-65101136607).
文摘1.Introduction.This perspective highlights the need for a specialized publication dedicated to neuropsychiatric disorders,collectively termed“dysconnectivity syndromes.”These conditions,including dementia-Alzheimer’s disease(AD),schizophrenia,and autism spectrum disorders,result from failures in interconnected physiological systems and neural circuits rather than isolated lesions.The proposed Brain Network Disorders(BND)journal aims to promote innovative paradigms for understanding these complex brain disorders by applying general systems theory and complexity sciences.The aim is to broaden the traditional conceptualization of these diseases by stressing the multifactorial roots of these disorders where the focus is on the dynamic interactions among several influences and the failure of multiple overlapping nets that drive clinical manifestations。
基金the support of the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB3809902)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22108031)+1 种基金Shanghai Sailing Program(21YF1400800)the support of the Key Lab for Modification of Chemical Fibers&Polymer Materials,its Analysis Center and Lab.
文摘In recent years,the collection and monitoring of human physiological signals have garnered increasing attention due to their wide-ranging applications in healthcare,human-machine interaction,sports,and other fields.However,the continuous fabrication of flexible gel fiber electrodes with high mechanical performance,high conductivity,and durability for extreme environments using a simple,efficient,and universal strategy remains challenging for physiological signal acquisition.Here,we have employed a strategy of solvent replacement and multi-level hydrogen bond enhancement to construct eutectogel fibers with continuous solid-liquid structure,achieving continuous production of fibers with high strength,high conductivity,and low-temperature resistance.In the fiber,PVA serves as the solid-state elastic phase,DES as the liquid ionic conductive phase,and CNF as the reinforcement phase.The resulting eutectogel fibers exhibit excellent tensile strength(37.3 MPa),good elongation(>700%),high electrical conductivity(0.543 S/m),and resistance to extreme dry and-60°C low-tem-perature environments.Furthermore,these eutectogel fibers demonstrate high sensitivity for monitoring joint movements and effectively detecting in vitro and in vivo signals,show casing their potential for wearable strain sensors and monitoring physiological signals.
基金Supported by the Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y14408)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JC201005270293A,JC201104220257A and 201101017)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81471738)
文摘Objective： To explore brain activations associated with electroacupuncture simulation at Tongli（HT 5） and its comparison with brain activations during picture-naming task. Methods： Twenty healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Half of them received electroacupuncture stimulation at HT 5（ACUP group） and the other half of them received stimulation at a nonmeridian sham acupoint（SHAM group）. All subjects performed picture-naming task. Each subject finished two runs of functional magnetic resonance imaging examinations in one session and picture-naming task was performed before electroacupuncture stimulation. Subjective brain activations were obtained using generalized linear model and inter-group analyses were performed after that. Results： The electroacupuncture stimulation at HT 5 induced significant brain activations in both the anterior and posterior language regions, including the left inferior frontal gyrus, which was in consistent with activations induced during picture-naming task. Group analysis showed a tendency of increased activation of ACUP group in left inferior frontal gyrus compared with SHAM group（P〈0.05 FDR corrected）. Conclusions： Electroacupuncture treatment at the acupoint HT 5 has modulation effect on typical language-implicated brain regions in healthy subjects, which provides supporting evidence for beneficial effects of needling at HT 5 for recovery of language function in aphasia.
文摘We constructed a eukaryotic expression plas-mid encoding Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 2(EBV,LMP2)and evaluated its effects on humoral immunity.First,the encoding sequence of the EBV LMP2 was amplified from B95-8 cell RNA by reverse transcrip-tion polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and then was directionally cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1.It was employed to evaluate immune response of the mice inoculated doubly with the DNA vaccine.The serum antibody against LMP2 was detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-LMP2 was confirmed by the restrictive endonuclease analysis and sequence analysis.The serum titer of IgG antibody against LMP2 epitope in the mice immunized with the DNA vaccine encoding LMP2 was up to 1∶4000.In conclusion,the EBV LMP2 DNA vaccine can induce a strong humoral immune response in mice.
