The transwell chamber migration assay and CCD digital camera imaging techniques were used to investigate the relationship between regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and cell migration in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (...The transwell chamber migration assay and CCD digital camera imaging techniques were used to investigate the relationship between regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and cell migration in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE-2Z cells). Both migrated and non-migrated CNE-2Z cells, when swollen by 47% hypotonic solution, exhibited RVD which was inhibited by extracellular application of chloride channel blockers adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP), 5-nitro-2-(3- phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid (NPPB) and tamoxifen. However, RVD rate in migrated CNE-2Z cells was bigger than that of non-migrated cells and the sensitivity of migrated cells to NPPB and tamoxifen was higher than that of non- migrated cells. ATP, NPPB and tamoxifen also inhibited migration of CNE-2Z cells. The inhibition of migration was positively correlated to the blockage of RVD, with a correlation coefficient (r) = 0.99, suggesting a functional relation- ship between RVD and cell migration. We conclude that RVD is involved in cell migration and RVD may play an important role in migratory process in CNE-2Z cells.展开更多
Suspended gold nanorods have been synthesized via an electrochemical method.The absorption spectrum features show two peaks at 520nm and 650nm,which result from the transverse and longitudinal surface plasmon resonanc...Suspended gold nanorods have been synthesized via an electrochemical method.The absorption spectrum features show two peaks at 520nm and 650nm,which result from the transverse and longitudinal surface plasmon resonance.The spectra at different growth stages indicate that the absorption peaks split and shift after electrolysis,which correspond to the anisotropy growth of nanorods.The quasi-static calculation results indicate that with increasing the mean aspect ratio of the nanorods,the longer wavelength absorption peak decreases and red shifts obviously,whereas the shorter wavelength absorption peak blue shifts slightly.展开更多
Extreme heat due to changing climate poses a new challenge for temperate climates.The challenge is further aggravated by inadequate research,policy,or preparedness to effectively respond and recover from its impacts.W...Extreme heat due to changing climate poses a new challenge for temperate climates.The challenge is further aggravated by inadequate research,policy,or preparedness to effectively respond and recover from its impacts.While urban morphology is crucial in mitigating urban heat,it has received limited attention in urban planning,highlighting the need for further exploration,particularly in temperate regions.To illustrate the challenge and its potential mitigations,we use the example of the coastal temperate city of Cardiff.To establish the interrelations between urban morphology and urban heat island patterns,we explored the spatiotemporal variations in land surface temperature(LST),normalised difference vegetation index(NDVI),and surface urban heat island(SUHI)to local climate zone(LCZ)classification for Cardiff.Results showed a significant variation in SUHI in the LCZ zones.Both LST and NDVI land were found to vary significantly across the LCZ zones demonstrating their association with the urban form and morphology of the locality.For built-up areas,a more compact built-environment with smaller vegetation cover and larger building density was 2.0℃warmer than the open built-environment when comparing the mean summer LSTs.On average,the natural classes exhibit a LST that is 8.0℃lower than the compact built-environment and 6.0℃lower than the open built-environment.Consequently,the high-density,built-up LCZs have a greater SUHI effect compared to the natural classes.Therefore,temperate climate cities will benefit from incorporating an open built-environment that has sufficient greenery and open spaces.These findings help determine the optimal urban form for temperate climates and develop heat mitigation strategies while planning,designing,or improving the new and existing urban areas.In addition,the LCZ map applied in this study for Cardiffwill enable international comparison and testing of proven climate change adaptation and mitigation techniques for similar urban areas.展开更多
Plasmid DNA assay is a newly-developed in vitro method to investigate bioreactivity of particles. In this paper, this method was used to study the bioreactivity of PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of...Plasmid DNA assay is a newly-developed in vitro method to investigate bioreactivity of particles. In this paper, this method was used to study the bioreactivity of PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 mm) and PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 mm). Samples and dust storm particles were collected in 2001 in an urban area, a satellite city and a clean air area in Beijing. A big difference was found for oxidative DNA stress induced by different particulate matter (PM) samples, with the TM50 (particle mass causing 50% damage to DNA) values varying by a factor over 10. This was closely dependent on the sizes of particles as well as the variation in relative proportion of mineral matter. PM2.5 samples generally impose larger oxidative stress on plasmid DNA than PM10 samples. Airborne particles collected during dust storm episodes, usually with a higher proportion of mineral matter, have a much lower oxidative capacity than those collected during non-dust storm episodes. PM samples and their water-soluble fractions usually have similar bioreactivities, demonstrating that oxidative capacity of Beijing airborne particles is mainly sourced from their water-soluble fractions.展开更多
Existing multi-person reconstruction methods require the human bodies in the input image to occupy a considerable portion of the picture.However,low-resolution human objects are ubiquitous due to trade-offbetween the ...Existing multi-person reconstruction methods require the human bodies in the input image to occupy a considerable portion of the picture.However,low-resolution human objects are ubiquitous due to trade-offbetween the field of view and target distance given a limited camera resolution.In this paper,we propose an end-to-end multi-task framework for multi-person inference from a low-resolution image(MILI).To perceive more information from a low-resolution image,we use pair-wise images at high resolution and low resolution for training,and design a restoration network with a simple loss for better feature extraction from the low-resolution image.To address the occlusion problem in multi-person scenes,we propose an occlusion-aware mask prediction network to estimate the mask of each person during 3D mesh regression.Experimental results on both small-scale scenes and large-scale scenes demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods both quantitatively and qualitatively.The code is available at http://cic.tju.edu.cn/faculty/likun/projects/MILI.展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the Wellcome Trust UK(056909/299/Z)Ministry of Education of China(GJ9901)+1 种基金the Health Department of Guangdong Province(A2001474)Guangdong Medical College Fund for Young Scholars(XQ0306).
文摘The transwell chamber migration assay and CCD digital camera imaging techniques were used to investigate the relationship between regulatory volume decrease (RVD) and cell migration in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE-2Z cells). Both migrated and non-migrated CNE-2Z cells, when swollen by 47% hypotonic solution, exhibited RVD which was inhibited by extracellular application of chloride channel blockers adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP), 5-nitro-2-(3- phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid (NPPB) and tamoxifen. However, RVD rate in migrated CNE-2Z cells was bigger than that of non-migrated cells and the sensitivity of migrated cells to NPPB and tamoxifen was higher than that of non- migrated cells. ATP, NPPB and tamoxifen also inhibited migration of CNE-2Z cells. The inhibition of migration was positively correlated to the blockage of RVD, with a correlation coefficient (r) = 0.99, suggesting a functional relation- ship between RVD and cell migration. We conclude that RVD is involved in cell migration and RVD may play an important role in migratory process in CNE-2Z cells.
基金FundedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChi na (No .6 0 2 770 0 3)
文摘Suspended gold nanorods have been synthesized via an electrochemical method.The absorption spectrum features show two peaks at 520nm and 650nm,which result from the transverse and longitudinal surface plasmon resonance.The spectra at different growth stages indicate that the absorption peaks split and shift after electrolysis,which correspond to the anisotropy growth of nanorods.The quasi-static calculation results indicate that with increasing the mean aspect ratio of the nanorods,the longer wavelength absorption peak decreases and red shifts obviously,whereas the shorter wavelength absorption peak blue shifts slightly.
基金funded by the Fung Global Fellowship Program at Princeton University.
文摘Extreme heat due to changing climate poses a new challenge for temperate climates.The challenge is further aggravated by inadequate research,policy,or preparedness to effectively respond and recover from its impacts.While urban morphology is crucial in mitigating urban heat,it has received limited attention in urban planning,highlighting the need for further exploration,particularly in temperate regions.To illustrate the challenge and its potential mitigations,we use the example of the coastal temperate city of Cardiff.To establish the interrelations between urban morphology and urban heat island patterns,we explored the spatiotemporal variations in land surface temperature(LST),normalised difference vegetation index(NDVI),and surface urban heat island(SUHI)to local climate zone(LCZ)classification for Cardiff.Results showed a significant variation in SUHI in the LCZ zones.Both LST and NDVI land were found to vary significantly across the LCZ zones demonstrating their association with the urban form and morphology of the locality.For built-up areas,a more compact built-environment with smaller vegetation cover and larger building density was 2.0℃warmer than the open built-environment when comparing the mean summer LSTs.On average,the natural classes exhibit a LST that is 8.0℃lower than the compact built-environment and 6.0℃lower than the open built-environment.Consequently,the high-density,built-up LCZs have a greater SUHI effect compared to the natural classes.Therefore,temperate climate cities will benefit from incorporating an open built-environment that has sufficient greenery and open spaces.These findings help determine the optimal urban form for temperate climates and develop heat mitigation strategies while planning,designing,or improving the new and existing urban areas.In addition,the LCZ map applied in this study for Cardiffwill enable international comparison and testing of proven climate change adaptation and mitigation techniques for similar urban areas.
文摘Plasmid DNA assay is a newly-developed in vitro method to investigate bioreactivity of particles. In this paper, this method was used to study the bioreactivity of PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 mm) and PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 mm). Samples and dust storm particles were collected in 2001 in an urban area, a satellite city and a clean air area in Beijing. A big difference was found for oxidative DNA stress induced by different particulate matter (PM) samples, with the TM50 (particle mass causing 50% damage to DNA) values varying by a factor over 10. This was closely dependent on the sizes of particles as well as the variation in relative proportion of mineral matter. PM2.5 samples generally impose larger oxidative stress on plasmid DNA than PM10 samples. Airborne particles collected during dust storm episodes, usually with a higher proportion of mineral matter, have a much lower oxidative capacity than those collected during non-dust storm episodes. PM samples and their water-soluble fractions usually have similar bioreactivities, demonstrating that oxidative capacity of Beijing airborne particles is mainly sourced from their water-soluble fractions.
基金partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62122058,62171317,and 62231018).
文摘Existing multi-person reconstruction methods require the human bodies in the input image to occupy a considerable portion of the picture.However,low-resolution human objects are ubiquitous due to trade-offbetween the field of view and target distance given a limited camera resolution.In this paper,we propose an end-to-end multi-task framework for multi-person inference from a low-resolution image(MILI).To perceive more information from a low-resolution image,we use pair-wise images at high resolution and low resolution for training,and design a restoration network with a simple loss for better feature extraction from the low-resolution image.To address the occlusion problem in multi-person scenes,we propose an occlusion-aware mask prediction network to estimate the mask of each person during 3D mesh regression.Experimental results on both small-scale scenes and large-scale scenes demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods both quantitatively and qualitatively.The code is available at http://cic.tju.edu.cn/faculty/likun/projects/MILI.
