The Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder-II(HIRAS-II)onboard China’s FungYun(FY)-3F meteorological satellite was launched in August 2023.This study presents the first attempt to retrieve the global carbon monox...The Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder-II(HIRAS-II)onboard China’s FungYun(FY)-3F meteorological satellite was launched in August 2023.This study presents the first attempt to retrieve the global carbon monoxide(CO)column from HIRAS-II/FY-3F spectra based on a newly established full-physics algorithm.The CO global columns derived from the HIRAS-II/FY-3F satellite are compared to measurements from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer(IASI)onboard Europe’s MetopB satellite,as both satellites have the same spectral range with a similar overpass time.The correlation coefficient between the IASI/Metop-B and HIRAS-II/FY-3F CO retrievals is about 0.8.The HIRAS-II/FY-3F satellite can capture well the regions with high CO values,e.g.,Africa,North America,and East Asia.The relative difference in the CO global column between HIRAS-II and IASI is 1.2±13.7(1)%,which is within their combined retrieval uncertainty.The CO plumes from the fire emissions in North America between 18 and 23 July 2024 were observed by the HIRAS-II/FY-3F satellite and consistent with the CAMS(Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service)model simulations.Our results show that the HIRAS-II/FY-3F spectra are of good enough quality to provide quantitative observations of global CO column remote sensing observations.展开更多
The year 2020 witnessed milestone commitments to carbon neutrality with the EU,China,USA,Japan,South Korea,Canada,and South Africa,each pledging to reach net-zero carbon emissions.Countries that have adopted or have c...The year 2020 witnessed milestone commitments to carbon neutrality with the EU,China,USA,Japan,South Korea,Canada,and South Africa,each pledging to reach net-zero carbon emissions.Countries that have adopted or have considered net-zero targets now represent 63%of the total contributions to global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.With the efforts of all parties,the 26th Conference of the Parties(COP26)achieved a package of outcomes in the Glasgow Climate Pact.Here,a breakthrough consensus was reached on reducing coal,controlling methane,and halting deforestation(Wang et al.,2022,Page 1209).To achieve net-zero carbon,we need to take action to implement the Paris Agreement and the Glasgow Climate Pact Since the global temperature slowdown of the nationally determined contributions(NDC)scenario is only 0.6°C,all countries need to pursue stricter carbon reduction policies for a more sustainable world.(Fu et al,2022,Page 1209).展开更多
In this study,we introduce our newly developed measurement-fed-perception self-adaption Low-cost UAV Coordinated Carbon Observation Network(LUCCN)prototype.The LUCCN primarily consists of two categories of instruments...In this study,we introduce our newly developed measurement-fed-perception self-adaption Low-cost UAV Coordinated Carbon Observation Network(LUCCN)prototype.The LUCCN primarily consists of two categories of instruments,including ground-based and UAV-based in-situ measurement.We use the GMP343,a low-cost non-dispersive infrared sensor,in both ground-based and UAV-based instruments.The first integrated measurement campaign took place in Shenzhen,China,4 May 2023.During the campaign,we found that LUCCN’s UAV component presented significant data-collecting advantages over its ground-based counterpart owing to the relatively high altitudes of the point emission sources,which was especially obvious at a gas power plant in Shenzhen.The emission flux was calculated by a crosssectional flux(CSF)method,the results of which differed from the Open-Data Inventory for Anthropogenic Carbon dioxide(ODIAC).The CSF result was slightly larger than others because of the low sampling rate of the whole emission cross section.The LUCCN system will be applied in future carbon monitoring campaigns to increase the spatiotemporal coverage of carbon emission information,especially in scenarios involving the detection of smaller-scale,rapidly varying sources and sinks.展开更多
The challenge of establishing top-down constraints for regional emissions of fossil fuel CO_(2)(FFCO_(2))arises from the difficulty in distinguishing between atmospheric CO_(2)concentrations released from fossil fuels...The challenge of establishing top-down constraints for regional emissions of fossil fuel CO_(2)(FFCO_(2))arises from the difficulty in distinguishing between atmospheric CO_(2)concentrations released from fossil fuels and background variability,particularly owing to the influence of terrestrial biospheric fluxes.This necessitates the development of a regional inversion methodology based on atmospheric CO_(2)observations to verify bottom-up estimations independently.This study presents a promising approach for estimating China's FFCO_(2)emissions by incorporating the model residual errors(MREs)of the column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO_(2)(XCO_(2))from FFCO_(2)emissions(MREff)retained in the analysis of natural flux optimization.China's FFCO_(2)emissions during the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020 are estimated using the GEOS-Chem adjoint model.The relationship between the MREff and FFCO_(2)is determined using the model based on a regional FFCO_(2)anomaly suggested by posterior NOx emissions from air-quality data assimilation.The MREff is typically one-tenth in magnitude,but some positively skewed outliers exceed 1 ppm because the prior emissions lack lockdown impacts,thereby exerting considerable observation forcing given the satellite retrieval uncertainties.We initialize the FFCO_(2)with posterior NOx emissions and optimize the colinear emission ratio.Synthetic data experiments demonstrate that this approach reduces the FFCO_(2)bias to less than 10%.The real-data experiments estimate 19%lower FFCO_(2)with GOSAT XCO_(2)and 26%lower with OCO-2 XCO_(2)than the bottom-up estimations.This study proves the feasibility of our regional FFCO_(2)inversion,highlighting the importance of addressing the outlier behaviors observed in satellite XCO_(2)retrievals.展开更多
Hypernuclei,nuclei containing one or more hyperons,serve as unique laboratories for probing the non-perturbative quantum chromodynamics(QCD).Recent progress in hypernuclear physics,driven by advanced experimental tech...Hypernuclei,nuclei containing one or more hyperons,serve as unique laboratories for probing the non-perturbative quantum chromodynamics(QCD).Recent progress in hypernuclear physics,driven by advanced experimental techniques and theoretical innovations,is briefly reviewed with a focus on key findings and unresolved challenges,such as the precise determination of the hypertriton binding energy,investigations of charge symmetry breaking in mirror hypernuclei,and the search for exotic systems,including the neutral nnΛstate.Experimental breakthroughs,including invariant-mass analyses and femtoscopy studies in heavy-ion collisions,as well as high-resolutionγ-spectroscopy,have enabled precise studies of light hypernuclei and offered critical insights into the hyperon–nucleon interaction.Theoretical progress,including ab initio calculations based on chiral effective field theory and lattice QCD,has further enhanced our understanding of hyperon–nucleon and hyperon–hyperon interactions.展开更多
Weak radiative hyperon decays represent a rich interplay between weak interactions and the internal structure of baryons,offering profound insights into Quantum Chromodynamics and weak interactions.Recent experimental...Weak radiative hyperon decays represent a rich interplay between weak interactions and the internal structure of baryons,offering profound insights into Quantum Chromodynamics and weak interactions.Recent experimental observations,particularly from BESIII,have revealed deviations from theoretical predictions.These deviations could signal new physics or the need for refined theoretical models incorporating intermediate resonance effects.This review discusses recent theoretical advancements and key experimental findings,focusing on recent measurements from BESIII and their implications for strong interactions and baryon structure.展开更多
On 22 September 2020,within the backdrop of the COVID-19 global pandemic,China announced its climate goal for peak carbon emissions before 2030 and to reach carbon neutrality before 2060.This carbon-neutral goal is ge...On 22 September 2020,within the backdrop of the COVID-19 global pandemic,China announced its climate goal for peak carbon emissions before 2030 and to reach carbon neutrality before 2060.This carbon-neutral goal is generally considered to cover all anthropogenic greenhouse gases.The planning effort is now in full swing in China,but the pathway to decarbonization is unclear.The needed transition towards non-fossil fuel energy and its impact on China and the world may be more profound than its reform and development over the past 40 years,but the challenges are enormous.Analysis of four representative scenarios shows significant differences in achieving the carbon-neutral goal,particularly the contribution of non-fossil fuel energy sources.The high target values for nuclear,wind,and bioenergy have approached their corresponding resource limitations,with solar energy being the exception,suggesting solar’s critical role.We also found that the near-term policies that allow for a gradual transition,followed by more drastic changes after 2030,can eventually reach the carbon-neutral goal and lead to less of a reduction in cumulative emissions,thus inconsistent with the IPCC 1.5°C scenario.The challenges and prospects are discussed in the historical context of China’s socio-economic reform,globalization,international collaboration,and development.展开更多
This study explores the impact of introducing vacancy in the transition metal layer of rationally designed Na_(0.6)[Ni_(0.3)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(NRM)cathode material.The incorporation of Ru,Ni,and vacancy enhances t...This study explores the impact of introducing vacancy in the transition metal layer of rationally designed Na_(0.6)[Ni_(0.3)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(NRM)cathode material.The incorporation of Ru,Ni,and vacancy enhances the structural stability during extensive cycling,increases the operation voltage,and induces a capacity increase while also activating oxygen redox,respectively,in Na_(0.7)[Ni_(0.2)V_(Ni0.1)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(V-NRM)compound.Various analytical techniques including transmission electron microscopy,X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy,operando X-ray diffraction,and operando differential electrochemical mass spectrometry are employed to assess changes in the average oxidation states and structural distortions.The results demonstrate that V-NRM exhibits higher capacity than NRM and maintains a moderate capacity retention of 81%after 100 cycles.Furthermore,the formation of additional lone-pair electrons in the O 2p orbital enables V-NRM to utilize more capacity from the oxygen redox validated by density functional calculation,leading to a widened dominance of the OP4 phase without releasing O_(2) gas.These findings offer valuable insights for the design of advanced high-capacity cathode materials with improved performance and sustainability in sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
Benzene is a typical component of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the iron ore sintering flue gas.The combustion behavior of benzene directly affects the emission of VOCs in iron ore sintering process.The effects o...Benzene is a typical component of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the iron ore sintering flue gas.The combustion behavior of benzene directly affects the emission of VOCs in iron ore sintering process.The effects of temperature,benzene,and oxygen concentrations on the conversion ratio of benzene were investigated by experiments and numerical simulation.The experiments were carried out in a tube reactor at temperatures of 773-1098 K,benzene concentrations of 0.01-0.03 vol.%,and oxygen concentrations of 10-21 vol.%.The numerical simulation was performed with the plug flow model in the CHEMKIN program based on a kinetic model that consists of 132 chemical species and 772 elementary step-like reactions.The experimental results reveal that increasing the temperature and benzene concentration could signifi-cantly promote benzene combustion.It is attributed to the increase in the reaction rates of all steps in the pathway for forming CO_(2)and H_(2)O.In addition,due to the large equivalent ratio of oxygen to benzene,the conversion ratio of benzene remained constant at different oxygen concentrations.The simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results and indicated that six elementary reactions dominated the formations of CO_(2)and H_(2)O.The oxidations of C_(6)H_(5)O,CO,and C_(5)H_(4)O intermediates to CO_(2)were the limiting steps in the reaction pathways.展开更多
In this paper,a magnetic field modulation model considering the influence of phase angles is established for the analysis and weakening of the cogging torque of the permanent magnet synchronous wind generations.Compar...In this paper,a magnetic field modulation model considering the influence of phase angles is established for the analysis and weakening of the cogging torque of the permanent magnet synchronous wind generations.Compared with the existing analytical model,the modulation effect of the magnetic field harmonics and phase angle on the cogging torque components is analyzed in the new model.Firstly,flux density model with phase angle characteristics is derived,and the relationship of the cogging torque and magnetic field harmonic is analyzed using energy method.Then,based on the magnetic modulation mechanism,the impact of the phase angle and magnetic field harmonics on the coupling relationship among cogging torque components is analyzed.All cogging torque components are classified as a combination of multiple positive and negative harmonic components,and the contribution characteristics of the components are determined by the harmonic combination and phase angle characteristics.Based on the finite element model(FEM),the magnetic field modulation model of the cogging torque is proved.On the basis of the conclusions obtained,it is further explained that the suppression mechanism of rotor-step skewing is a mutual complementary effect of the positive components and negative cogging components,and the main harmonic is effectively offset by selecting the seasonable of segment number and skewed angle of rotor.Finally,in order to verify the validity of the analysis method,the no-load line back EMF and cogging torque of optimized prototype is tested,and the experimental results agree well with the FEM results.展开更多
In the past two decades, the oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal has been extensively developed, leading to the completion of several large industrial pilot oxy-fuel plants worldwide. Various types of oxy-fuel burn...In the past two decades, the oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal has been extensively developed, leading to the completion of several large industrial pilot oxy-fuel plants worldwide. Various types of oxy-fuel burners have been designed and tested in largescale pilot plants as key components of oxy-fuel combustion. These burners face major challenges in terms of their flame stability because of their decreasing stream momentum ratio and increasing carbon dioxide concentration. However, it offers flexibility in adjusting the oxygen concentration in each burner stream. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art knowledge on oxy-coal burner design and operation in power plants. First, the combustion characteristics under oxy-fuel conditions are briefly introduced. Subsequently, the principal requirements and fundamental parameters of the oxy-coal burners are discussed. The development process of oxy-fuel burners is also presented. Moreover, a compatible design strategy and scaling-up techniques are described for oxy-coal burners developed by the authors over the past ten years. The performances of oxy-coal burners in three large pilot oxy-fuel plants worldwide are summarized and compared. Finally, concluding remarks are provided and potential research needs are suggested.展开更多
Advanced electrode materials for electrocatalysis of electrolytic decomposition are crucial materials in the field of hydrogen production from renewable energy.In this work,a new type of integrated hydrogen evolution ...Advanced electrode materials for electrocatalysis of electrolytic decomposition are crucial materials in the field of hydrogen production from renewable energy.In this work,a new type of integrated hydrogen evolution electrode material was synthesized by selective acidification etching and in situ growth technology.A no vel-integrated Ni-Mo sulfide electrode material with a threedimensional network structure was successfully prepared using a two-step method(convenient surface modification and in situ growth techniques),which involved surface modification at 30%HNO_(3) for 10 min and followed by annealing treatment at 600℃ for 1 h with 10℃·min^(-1) heating rate.The structure displayed an electrochemical active surface area(ECSA)of 30.125 mF·cm^(-2),calculated on 0.10-0.30 V(vs.RHE)CV curves with a 5-50 mV·s^(-1)sweep rate range.The ECS A of other samples was also tested by aforementioned methods,which had great distinction on ECS A with different samples.The novel-integrated Ni-Mo sulfide electrode material appeared to have extremity electrochemical performance in a three-electrode configuration employing 1 M KOH solution as an electrolyte,including an excellent hydrogen evolution overpotential of 346 mV at the current density of500 mA·cm^(-2),superior Tafel slope with 103 mV·dec^(-1).Such outstanding electrochemical performances of the novel-integrated Ni-Mo sulfide electrode materials were directly related to the distinctive integrated structure.Therefore,it was facility to find that the successful preparation of novel-integrated Ni-Mo sulfide electrode material provided more selection opportunities for alkaline electrolysis of water and offered an innovative mentality for the preparation of other types of electrode materials.展开更多
High-entropy alloys and ceramics containing at least five principal elements have recently received high attention for various mechanical and functional applications.The application of severe plastic deformation(SPD),...High-entropy alloys and ceramics containing at least five principal elements have recently received high attention for various mechanical and functional applications.The application of severe plastic deformation(SPD),particularly the high-pressure torsion method,combined with the CALPHAD(calculation of phase diagram) and first-principles calculations resulted in the development of numerous superfunctional high-entropy materials with superior properties compared to the normal functions of engineering materials.This article reviews the recent advances in the application of SPD to developing superfunctional high-entropy materials.These superfunctional properties include(ⅰ) ultrahigh hardness levels comparable to the hardness of ceramics in high-entropy alloys,(ⅱ) high yield strength and good hydrogen embrittlement resistance in high-entropy alloys;(ⅲ) high strength,low elastic modulus,and high biocompatibility in high-entropy alloys,(ⅳ) fast and reversible hydrogen storage in high-entropy hydrides,(ⅴ) photovoltaic performance and photocurrent generation on high-entropy semiconductors,(ⅵ) photocatalytic oxygen and hydrogen production from water splitting on high-entropy oxides and oxynitrides,and(ⅶ)CO_(2) photoreduction on high-entropy ceramics.These findings introduce SPD as not only a processing tool to improve the properties of existing high-entropy materials but also as a synthesis tool to produce novel high-entropy materials with superior properties compared with conventional engineering materials.展开更多
In recent studies,proxy XCH_(4)retrievals from the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite(GOSAT)have been used to constrain top-down estimation of CH_(4)emissions.Still,the resulting interannual variations ofte...In recent studies,proxy XCH_(4)retrievals from the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite(GOSAT)have been used to constrain top-down estimation of CH_(4)emissions.Still,the resulting interannual variations often show significant discrepancies over some of the most important CH_(4)source regions,such as China and Tropical South America,by causes yet to be determined.This study compares monthly CH_(4)flux estimates from two parallel assimilations of GOSAT XCH_(4)retrievals from 2010 to 2019 based on the same Ensemble Kalman Filter(EnKF)framework but with the global chemistry transport model(GEOS-Chem v12.5)being run at two different spatial resolutions of 4°×5°(R4,lon×lat)and 2°×2.5°(R2,lon×lat)to investigate the effects of resolution-related model errors on the derived long-term global and regional CH_(4)emission trends.We found that the mean annual global methane emission for the 2010s is 573.04 Tg yr^(-1)for the inversion using the R4 model,which becomes about 4.4 Tg yr^(-1)less(568.63 Tg yr^(-1))when a finer R2 model is used,though both are well within the ensemble range of the 22 top-down results(2008-17)included in the current Global Carbon Project(from 550 Tg yr^(-1)to 594 Tg yr^(-1)).Compared to the R2 model,the inversion based on the R4 tends to overestimate tropical emissions(by 13.3 Tg yr^(-1)),which is accompanied by a general underestimation(by 8.9 Tg yr^(-1))in the extratropics.Such a dipole reflects differences in tropical-mid-latitude air exchange in relation to the model’s convective and advective schemes at different resolutions.The two inversions show a rather consistent long-term CH_(4)emission trend at the global scale and over most of the continents,suggesting that the observed rapid increase in atmospheric methane can largely be attributed to the emission growth from North Africa(1.79 Tg yr^(-2)for R4 and 1.29 Tg yr^(-2)for R2)and South America Temperate(1.08 Tg yr^(-2)for R4 and 1.21 Tg yr^(-2)for R2)during the first half of the 2010s,and from Eurasia Boreal(1.46 Tg yr^(-2)for R4 and 1.63 Tg yr^(-2)for R2)and Tropical South America(1.72 Tg yr-2 for R4 and 1.43 Tg yr^(-2)for R2)over 2015-19.In the meantime,emissions in Europe have shown a consistent decrease over the past decade.However,the growth rates by the two parallel inversions show significant discrepancies over Eurasia Temperate,South America Temperate,and South Africa,which are also the places where recent GOSAT inversions usually disagree with one other.展开更多
Measurements of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide,CO_(2)(XCO_(2))and CO(XCO),were performed throughout 2019 at an urban site in Beijing using a compact Fourier Transform Spec...Measurements of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide,CO_(2)(XCO_(2))and CO(XCO),were performed throughout 2019 at an urban site in Beijing using a compact Fourier Transform Spectrometer(FTS)EM27/SUN.This data set is used to assess the characteristics of combustion-related CO_(2)emissions of urban Beijing by analyzing the correlated daily anomalies of XCO and XCO_(2)(e.g.,ΔXCO andΔXCO_(2)).The EM27/SUN measurements were calibrated to a 125HR-FTS at the Xianghe station by an extra EM27/SUN instrument transferred between two sites.The ratio ofΔXCO overΔXCO_(2)(ΔXCO:ΔXCO_(2))is used to estimate the combustion efficiency in the Beijing region.A high correlation coefficient(0.86)betweenΔXCO andΔXCO_(2)is observed.The CO:CO_(2)emission ratio estimated from inventories is higher than the observedΔXCO:ΔXCO_(2)(10.46±0.11 ppb ppm^(−1))by 42.54%-101.15%,indicating an underestimation in combustion efficiency in the inventories.DailyΔXCO:ΔXCO_(2)are influenced by transportation governed by weather conditions,except for days in summer when the correlation is low due to the terrestrial biotic activity.By convolving the column footprint[ppm(μmol m-2 s-1)-1]generated by the Weather Research and Forecasting-X-Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport models(WRF-X-STILT)with two fossil-fuel emission inventories(the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China(MEIC)and the Peking University(PKU)inventory),the observed enhancements of CO_(2)and CO were used to evaluate the regional emissions.The CO_(2)emissions appear to be underestimated by 11%and 49%for the MEIC and PKU inventories,respectively,while CO emissions were overestimated by MEIC(30%)and PKU(35%)in the Beijing area.展开更多
We present characterizations of the dynamic turbulence in the lower stratosphere measured by a new balloon-based system designed for detecting finer scale dynamic turbulence. The balloon-based system included a consta...We present characterizations of the dynamic turbulence in the lower stratosphere measured by a new balloon-based system designed for detecting finer scale dynamic turbulence. The balloon-based system included a constant temperature anemometer(CTA) operating at a sampling rate of 2 k Hz at an ascent speed of 5 m s^(-1)(corresponding to a vertical resolution of 2.5 mm), an industrial personal computer, batteries, sensors for ambient temperature and humidity, an A/D converter, and others. The system was successfully launched to 24 km altitude over Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Province. Results show the spatial intermittence of the turbulence layers, with clear boundaries between turbulent and nonturbulent regions. This is the first time that the dynamic turbulence spectrum down to the viscous sub-range has been obtained throughout the lower stratosphere over China. With that, the energy dissipation rates of dynamic turbulence could be calculated with high precision. The profile of the dissipation rates varied from 7.37 × 10^(-7) to 4.23 W kg^(-1) and increased with altitude in the stratosphere.展开更多
The global ocean sequesters a great amount of dissolved organic carbon(DOC),which is mainly originated from indigenous microbial activities(such as photosynthesis and chemoautotrophy)in the water column,as well as var...The global ocean sequesters a great amount of dissolved organic carbon(DOC),which is mainly originated from indigenous microbial activities(such as photosynthesis and chemoautotrophy)in the water column,as well as various exogenous sources such as riverine input,sediment mobilization,aerosol dissolution,hydrothermal vent effusion,and others(Cai and Jiao,2023).展开更多
This study introduces the concept of“gray carbon,”emphasizing its critical role in carbon sequestration in sewage treatment.By focusing on recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon(RDOC)in sewage effluents and its subse...This study introduces the concept of“gray carbon,”emphasizing its critical role in carbon sequestration in sewage treatment.By focusing on recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon(RDOC)in sewage effluents and its subsequent transformation in marine environments,we underscore the significant impact of sewage-derived organic carbon on the efficiency of carbon sequestration.Through analysis of carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules,this study illuminates the convergence in the molecular compositions of RDOC across various aquatic systems.Dark-culture experiments reveal marked variations in the microbial community structures of the aforementioned molecules,indicating that these changes may play an important role in the degradation and subsequent transformation of organic matter in marine environments.These insights lay the groundwork for advancing technologies designed to enhance wastewater alkalinity,which will improve the sustainability of wastewater treatment and preserve marine ecosystems.Enhancing sewage alkalinity can influence microbial processes and chemical equilibria,potentially affecting the formation and accumulation of gray carbon.Further investigation is necessary to understand the potential effect of alkalinity enhancement on the microbial communities and biochemical pathways involved in gray carbon formation.Our findings support the integration of gray carbon strategies into broader carbon neutrality initiatives,providing a scientific and technological blueprint for enhancing global carbon management and mitigating climate change.展开更多
基金supported by the FengYun Application Pioneering Project (Grant No. FY-APP-2022.0502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42205140)the State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment end Extreme Meteorology (Grant No. 2024QN04)
文摘The Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder-II(HIRAS-II)onboard China’s FungYun(FY)-3F meteorological satellite was launched in August 2023.This study presents the first attempt to retrieve the global carbon monoxide(CO)column from HIRAS-II/FY-3F spectra based on a newly established full-physics algorithm.The CO global columns derived from the HIRAS-II/FY-3F satellite are compared to measurements from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer(IASI)onboard Europe’s MetopB satellite,as both satellites have the same spectral range with a similar overpass time.The correlation coefficient between the IASI/Metop-B and HIRAS-II/FY-3F CO retrievals is about 0.8.The HIRAS-II/FY-3F satellite can capture well the regions with high CO values,e.g.,Africa,North America,and East Asia.The relative difference in the CO global column between HIRAS-II and IASI is 1.2±13.7(1)%,which is within their combined retrieval uncertainty.The CO plumes from the fire emissions in North America between 18 and 23 July 2024 were observed by the HIRAS-II/FY-3F satellite and consistent with the CAMS(Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service)model simulations.Our results show that the HIRAS-II/FY-3F spectra are of good enough quality to provide quantitative observations of global CO column remote sensing observations.
文摘The year 2020 witnessed milestone commitments to carbon neutrality with the EU,China,USA,Japan,South Korea,Canada,and South Africa,each pledging to reach net-zero carbon emissions.Countries that have adopted or have considered net-zero targets now represent 63%of the total contributions to global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.With the efforts of all parties,the 26th Conference of the Parties(COP26)achieved a package of outcomes in the Glasgow Climate Pact.Here,a breakthrough consensus was reached on reducing coal,controlling methane,and halting deforestation(Wang et al.,2022,Page 1209).To achieve net-zero carbon,we need to take action to implement the Paris Agreement and the Glasgow Climate Pact Since the global temperature slowdown of the nationally determined contributions(NDC)scenario is only 0.6°C,all countries need to pursue stricter carbon reduction policies for a more sustainable world.(Fu et al,2022,Page 1209).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan(Grant No.2021YFB3901000)the Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-037)+2 种基金the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(060GJHZ2022070MI)the MOST-ESA Dragon-5 Programme for Monitoring Greenhouse Gases from Space(ID.59355)the Finland–China Mobility Cooperation Project funded by the Academy of Finland(No.348596)。
文摘In this study,we introduce our newly developed measurement-fed-perception self-adaption Low-cost UAV Coordinated Carbon Observation Network(LUCCN)prototype.The LUCCN primarily consists of two categories of instruments,including ground-based and UAV-based in-situ measurement.We use the GMP343,a low-cost non-dispersive infrared sensor,in both ground-based and UAV-based instruments.The first integrated measurement campaign took place in Shenzhen,China,4 May 2023.During the campaign,we found that LUCCN’s UAV component presented significant data-collecting advantages over its ground-based counterpart owing to the relatively high altitudes of the point emission sources,which was especially obvious at a gas power plant in Shenzhen.The emission flux was calculated by a crosssectional flux(CSF)method,the results of which differed from the Open-Data Inventory for Anthropogenic Carbon dioxide(ODIAC).The CSF result was slightly larger than others because of the low sampling rate of the whole emission cross section.The LUCCN system will be applied in future carbon monitoring campaigns to increase the spatiotemporal coverage of carbon emission information,especially in scenarios involving the detection of smaller-scale,rapidly varying sources and sinks.
基金jointly supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan(Grant No.2023YFB3907405)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42175132)the Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-037)。
文摘The challenge of establishing top-down constraints for regional emissions of fossil fuel CO_(2)(FFCO_(2))arises from the difficulty in distinguishing between atmospheric CO_(2)concentrations released from fossil fuels and background variability,particularly owing to the influence of terrestrial biospheric fluxes.This necessitates the development of a regional inversion methodology based on atmospheric CO_(2)observations to verify bottom-up estimations independently.This study presents a promising approach for estimating China's FFCO_(2)emissions by incorporating the model residual errors(MREs)of the column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO_(2)(XCO_(2))from FFCO_(2)emissions(MREff)retained in the analysis of natural flux optimization.China's FFCO_(2)emissions during the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020 are estimated using the GEOS-Chem adjoint model.The relationship between the MREff and FFCO_(2)is determined using the model based on a regional FFCO_(2)anomaly suggested by posterior NOx emissions from air-quality data assimilation.The MREff is typically one-tenth in magnitude,but some positively skewed outliers exceed 1 ppm because the prior emissions lack lockdown impacts,thereby exerting considerable observation forcing given the satellite retrieval uncertainties.We initialize the FFCO_(2)with posterior NOx emissions and optimize the colinear emission ratio.Synthetic data experiments demonstrate that this approach reduces the FFCO_(2)bias to less than 10%.The real-data experiments estimate 19%lower FFCO_(2)with GOSAT XCO_(2)and 26%lower with OCO-2 XCO_(2)than the bottom-up estimations.This study proves the feasibility of our regional FFCO_(2)inversion,highlighting the importance of addressing the outlier behaviors observed in satellite XCO_(2)retrievals.
基金supported by the the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1604900 and 2023YFA1606703)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12025501,12435007,12405133,and 12347180)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M740189)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(Grant No.GZC20233381).
文摘Hypernuclei,nuclei containing one or more hyperons,serve as unique laboratories for probing the non-perturbative quantum chromodynamics(QCD).Recent progress in hypernuclear physics,driven by advanced experimental techniques and theoretical innovations,is briefly reviewed with a focus on key findings and unresolved challenges,such as the precise determination of the hypertriton binding energy,investigations of charge symmetry breaking in mirror hypernuclei,and the search for exotic systems,including the neutral nnΛstate.Experimental breakthroughs,including invariant-mass analyses and femtoscopy studies in heavy-ion collisions,as well as high-resolutionγ-spectroscopy,have enabled precise studies of light hypernuclei and offered critical insights into the hyperon–nucleon interaction.Theoretical progress,including ab initio calculations based on chiral effective field theory and lattice QCD,has further enhanced our understanding of hyperon–nucleon and hyperon–hyperon interactions.
基金the supercomputing center of USTC for their strong supportsupported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFA1609400,2023YFA1606703,2020YFA0406400,and 2020YFA0406300)+3 种基金the International Partnership Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.211134KYSB20200057)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12035013,12061131003,12122509,12105276,11625523,12405091,12235018,and 12435007)the CAS Youth Team Program(Grant No.YSBR-101)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province,China(Grant No.2025GXNSFBA069314)。
文摘Weak radiative hyperon decays represent a rich interplay between weak interactions and the internal structure of baryons,offering profound insights into Quantum Chromodynamics and weak interactions.Recent experimental observations,particularly from BESIII,have revealed deviations from theoretical predictions.These deviations could signal new physics or the need for refined theoretical models incorporating intermediate resonance effects.This review discusses recent theoretical advancements and key experimental findings,focusing on recent measurements from BESIII and their implications for strong interactions and baryon structure.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFB0504000).
文摘On 22 September 2020,within the backdrop of the COVID-19 global pandemic,China announced its climate goal for peak carbon emissions before 2030 and to reach carbon neutrality before 2060.This carbon-neutral goal is generally considered to cover all anthropogenic greenhouse gases.The planning effort is now in full swing in China,but the pathway to decarbonization is unclear.The needed transition towards non-fossil fuel energy and its impact on China and the world may be more profound than its reform and development over the past 40 years,but the challenges are enormous.Analysis of four representative scenarios shows significant differences in achieving the carbon-neutral goal,particularly the contribution of non-fossil fuel energy sources.The high target values for nuclear,wind,and bioenergy have approached their corresponding resource limitations,with solar energy being the exception,suggesting solar’s critical role.We also found that the near-term policies that allow for a gradual transition,followed by more drastic changes after 2030,can eventually reach the carbon-neutral goal and lead to less of a reduction in cumulative emissions,thus inconsistent with the IPCC 1.5°C scenario.The challenges and prospects are discussed in the historical context of China’s socio-economic reform,globalization,international collaboration,and development.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education,Science and Technology(NRF-2020R1A6A1A03043435,NRF-2023R1A2C2003210,and NRF-2022M3H4A1A04096478)by Technology Innovation Program(Alchemist Project,20012196,Al based supercritical materials discovery)funded by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy,Korea.support from the“Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung”(BMBF)and the computing time granted through JARA-HPC on the supercomputer JURECA at Forschungszentrum Julich.
文摘This study explores the impact of introducing vacancy in the transition metal layer of rationally designed Na_(0.6)[Ni_(0.3)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(NRM)cathode material.The incorporation of Ru,Ni,and vacancy enhances the structural stability during extensive cycling,increases the operation voltage,and induces a capacity increase while also activating oxygen redox,respectively,in Na_(0.7)[Ni_(0.2)V_(Ni0.1)Ru_(0.3)Mn_(0.4)]O_(2)(V-NRM)compound.Various analytical techniques including transmission electron microscopy,X-ray absorption near edge spectroscopy,operando X-ray diffraction,and operando differential electrochemical mass spectrometry are employed to assess changes in the average oxidation states and structural distortions.The results demonstrate that V-NRM exhibits higher capacity than NRM and maintains a moderate capacity retention of 81%after 100 cycles.Furthermore,the formation of additional lone-pair electrons in the O 2p orbital enables V-NRM to utilize more capacity from the oxygen redox validated by density functional calculation,leading to a widened dominance of the OP4 phase without releasing O_(2) gas.These findings offer valuable insights for the design of advanced high-capacity cathode materials with improved performance and sustainability in sodium-ion batteries.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51904127 and 51166004)Key R&D Program of Jiangxi Province(Nos.20202BBGL73117 and 20201BBE51013)+2 种基金Nanchang Key Laboratory(No.2021-NCZDSY-020)Pilot Demonstration Project for the Contract Responsibility System of the Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences(Nos.2021YSBG21015,2022YSBG50010 and 2023YSTZX02)Open Project of Jiangxi Zhongke Ecological Civilization Innovation Research Institute(No.JXZK-2020-01).
文摘Benzene is a typical component of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in the iron ore sintering flue gas.The combustion behavior of benzene directly affects the emission of VOCs in iron ore sintering process.The effects of temperature,benzene,and oxygen concentrations on the conversion ratio of benzene were investigated by experiments and numerical simulation.The experiments were carried out in a tube reactor at temperatures of 773-1098 K,benzene concentrations of 0.01-0.03 vol.%,and oxygen concentrations of 10-21 vol.%.The numerical simulation was performed with the plug flow model in the CHEMKIN program based on a kinetic model that consists of 132 chemical species and 772 elementary step-like reactions.The experimental results reveal that increasing the temperature and benzene concentration could signifi-cantly promote benzene combustion.It is attributed to the increase in the reaction rates of all steps in the pathway for forming CO_(2)and H_(2)O.In addition,due to the large equivalent ratio of oxygen to benzene,the conversion ratio of benzene remained constant at different oxygen concentrations.The simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results and indicated that six elementary reactions dominated the formations of CO_(2)and H_(2)O.The oxidations of C_(6)H_(5)O,CO,and C_(5)H_(4)O intermediates to CO_(2)were the limiting steps in the reaction pathways.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant numbers 41991281 and 41675083]Fundamental Research Funds of Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences [grant number E3680218]。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 41991281]the National Key R&D Program of China [grant number 2018YFA0606403]the National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 41790472]。
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52077142the Research Foundation of Zhengzhou Electric Power College under Grant ZEPCKY2024-01 and ZEPCKYRC01。
文摘In this paper,a magnetic field modulation model considering the influence of phase angles is established for the analysis and weakening of the cogging torque of the permanent magnet synchronous wind generations.Compared with the existing analytical model,the modulation effect of the magnetic field harmonics and phase angle on the cogging torque components is analyzed in the new model.Firstly,flux density model with phase angle characteristics is derived,and the relationship of the cogging torque and magnetic field harmonic is analyzed using energy method.Then,based on the magnetic modulation mechanism,the impact of the phase angle and magnetic field harmonics on the coupling relationship among cogging torque components is analyzed.All cogging torque components are classified as a combination of multiple positive and negative harmonic components,and the contribution characteristics of the components are determined by the harmonic combination and phase angle characteristics.Based on the finite element model(FEM),the magnetic field modulation model of the cogging torque is proved.On the basis of the conclusions obtained,it is further explained that the suppression mechanism of rotor-step skewing is a mutual complementary effect of the positive components and negative cogging components,and the main harmonic is effectively offset by selecting the seasonable of segment number and skewed angle of rotor.Finally,in order to verify the validity of the analysis method,the no-load line back EMF and cogging torque of optimized prototype is tested,and the experimental results agree well with the FEM results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No. 51906075)Key Research and Development Program of Department of Science and Technology of Jiangxi Province(Grant No. 20223BBG74009)Science and Technology Innovation Project for Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality of Jiangxi Carbon Neutralization Research Center(Grant No. 2022JXST01)。
文摘In the past two decades, the oxy-fuel combustion of pulverized coal has been extensively developed, leading to the completion of several large industrial pilot oxy-fuel plants worldwide. Various types of oxy-fuel burners have been designed and tested in largescale pilot plants as key components of oxy-fuel combustion. These burners face major challenges in terms of their flame stability because of their decreasing stream momentum ratio and increasing carbon dioxide concentration. However, it offers flexibility in adjusting the oxygen concentration in each burner stream. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art knowledge on oxy-coal burner design and operation in power plants. First, the combustion characteristics under oxy-fuel conditions are briefly introduced. Subsequently, the principal requirements and fundamental parameters of the oxy-coal burners are discussed. The development process of oxy-fuel burners is also presented. Moreover, a compatible design strategy and scaling-up techniques are described for oxy-coal burners developed by the authors over the past ten years. The performances of oxy-coal burners in three large pilot oxy-fuel plants worldwide are summarized and compared. Finally, concluding remarks are provided and potential research needs are suggested.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Projects(No.2021YFB4000300)。
文摘Advanced electrode materials for electrocatalysis of electrolytic decomposition are crucial materials in the field of hydrogen production from renewable energy.In this work,a new type of integrated hydrogen evolution electrode material was synthesized by selective acidification etching and in situ growth technology.A no vel-integrated Ni-Mo sulfide electrode material with a threedimensional network structure was successfully prepared using a two-step method(convenient surface modification and in situ growth techniques),which involved surface modification at 30%HNO_(3) for 10 min and followed by annealing treatment at 600℃ for 1 h with 10℃·min^(-1) heating rate.The structure displayed an electrochemical active surface area(ECSA)of 30.125 mF·cm^(-2),calculated on 0.10-0.30 V(vs.RHE)CV curves with a 5-50 mV·s^(-1)sweep rate range.The ECS A of other samples was also tested by aforementioned methods,which had great distinction on ECS A with different samples.The novel-integrated Ni-Mo sulfide electrode material appeared to have extremity electrochemical performance in a three-electrode configuration employing 1 M KOH solution as an electrolyte,including an excellent hydrogen evolution overpotential of 346 mV at the current density of500 mA·cm^(-2),superior Tafel slope with 103 mV·dec^(-1).Such outstanding electrochemical performances of the novel-integrated Ni-Mo sulfide electrode materials were directly related to the distinctive integrated structure.Therefore,it was facility to find that the successful preparation of novel-integrated Ni-Mo sulfide electrode material provided more selection opportunities for alkaline electrolysis of water and offered an innovative mentality for the preparation of other types of electrode materials.
基金the Hosokawa Powder Technology Foundation of Japan for a grantsupported by the MEXT, Japan through Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (Nos. JP19H05176 and JP21H00150)in part by the MEXT, Japan through Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research Exploratory (No. JP22K18737)。
文摘High-entropy alloys and ceramics containing at least five principal elements have recently received high attention for various mechanical and functional applications.The application of severe plastic deformation(SPD),particularly the high-pressure torsion method,combined with the CALPHAD(calculation of phase diagram) and first-principles calculations resulted in the development of numerous superfunctional high-entropy materials with superior properties compared to the normal functions of engineering materials.This article reviews the recent advances in the application of SPD to developing superfunctional high-entropy materials.These superfunctional properties include(ⅰ) ultrahigh hardness levels comparable to the hardness of ceramics in high-entropy alloys,(ⅱ) high yield strength and good hydrogen embrittlement resistance in high-entropy alloys;(ⅲ) high strength,low elastic modulus,and high biocompatibility in high-entropy alloys,(ⅳ) fast and reversible hydrogen storage in high-entropy hydrides,(ⅴ) photovoltaic performance and photocurrent generation on high-entropy semiconductors,(ⅵ) photocatalytic oxygen and hydrogen production from water splitting on high-entropy oxides and oxynitrides,and(ⅶ)CO_(2) photoreduction on high-entropy ceramics.These findings introduce SPD as not only a processing tool to improve the properties of existing high-entropy materials but also as a synthesis tool to produce novel high-entropy materials with superior properties compared with conventional engineering materials.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan of China(Grant No.SQ2019YFE013078)the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.ZDRW-ZS-2019-1)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2017YFB0504000)。
文摘In recent studies,proxy XCH_(4)retrievals from the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite(GOSAT)have been used to constrain top-down estimation of CH_(4)emissions.Still,the resulting interannual variations often show significant discrepancies over some of the most important CH_(4)source regions,such as China and Tropical South America,by causes yet to be determined.This study compares monthly CH_(4)flux estimates from two parallel assimilations of GOSAT XCH_(4)retrievals from 2010 to 2019 based on the same Ensemble Kalman Filter(EnKF)framework but with the global chemistry transport model(GEOS-Chem v12.5)being run at two different spatial resolutions of 4°×5°(R4,lon×lat)and 2°×2.5°(R2,lon×lat)to investigate the effects of resolution-related model errors on the derived long-term global and regional CH_(4)emission trends.We found that the mean annual global methane emission for the 2010s is 573.04 Tg yr^(-1)for the inversion using the R4 model,which becomes about 4.4 Tg yr^(-1)less(568.63 Tg yr^(-1))when a finer R2 model is used,though both are well within the ensemble range of the 22 top-down results(2008-17)included in the current Global Carbon Project(from 550 Tg yr^(-1)to 594 Tg yr^(-1)).Compared to the R2 model,the inversion based on the R4 tends to overestimate tropical emissions(by 13.3 Tg yr^(-1)),which is accompanied by a general underestimation(by 8.9 Tg yr^(-1))in the extratropics.Such a dipole reflects differences in tropical-mid-latitude air exchange in relation to the model’s convective and advective schemes at different resolutions.The two inversions show a rather consistent long-term CH_(4)emission trend at the global scale and over most of the continents,suggesting that the observed rapid increase in atmospheric methane can largely be attributed to the emission growth from North Africa(1.79 Tg yr^(-2)for R4 and 1.29 Tg yr^(-2)for R2)and South America Temperate(1.08 Tg yr^(-2)for R4 and 1.21 Tg yr^(-2)for R2)during the first half of the 2010s,and from Eurasia Boreal(1.46 Tg yr^(-2)for R4 and 1.63 Tg yr^(-2)for R2)and Tropical South America(1.72 Tg yr-2 for R4 and 1.43 Tg yr^(-2)for R2)over 2015-19.In the meantime,emissions in Europe have shown a consistent decrease over the past decade.However,the growth rates by the two parallel inversions show significant discrepancies over Eurasia Temperate,South America Temperate,and South Africa,which are also the places where recent GOSAT inversions usually disagree with one other.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFB0504000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41875043)+2 种基金the Strategic Priority Research 275 Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA17010102)External Cooperation Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(Grant No.GJHZ1802)Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS.
文摘Measurements of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide,CO_(2)(XCO_(2))and CO(XCO),were performed throughout 2019 at an urban site in Beijing using a compact Fourier Transform Spectrometer(FTS)EM27/SUN.This data set is used to assess the characteristics of combustion-related CO_(2)emissions of urban Beijing by analyzing the correlated daily anomalies of XCO and XCO_(2)(e.g.,ΔXCO andΔXCO_(2)).The EM27/SUN measurements were calibrated to a 125HR-FTS at the Xianghe station by an extra EM27/SUN instrument transferred between two sites.The ratio ofΔXCO overΔXCO_(2)(ΔXCO:ΔXCO_(2))is used to estimate the combustion efficiency in the Beijing region.A high correlation coefficient(0.86)betweenΔXCO andΔXCO_(2)is observed.The CO:CO_(2)emission ratio estimated from inventories is higher than the observedΔXCO:ΔXCO_(2)(10.46±0.11 ppb ppm^(−1))by 42.54%-101.15%,indicating an underestimation in combustion efficiency in the inventories.DailyΔXCO:ΔXCO_(2)are influenced by transportation governed by weather conditions,except for days in summer when the correlation is low due to the terrestrial biotic activity.By convolving the column footprint[ppm(μmol m-2 s-1)-1]generated by the Weather Research and Forecasting-X-Stochastic Time-Inverted Lagrangian Transport models(WRF-X-STILT)with two fossil-fuel emission inventories(the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory for China(MEIC)and the Peking University(PKU)inventory),the observed enhancements of CO_(2)and CO were used to evaluate the regional emissions.The CO_(2)emissions appear to be underestimated by 11%and 49%for the MEIC and PKU inventories,respectively,while CO emissions were overestimated by MEIC(30%)and PKU(35%)in the Beijing area.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA17010102)。
文摘We present characterizations of the dynamic turbulence in the lower stratosphere measured by a new balloon-based system designed for detecting finer scale dynamic turbulence. The balloon-based system included a constant temperature anemometer(CTA) operating at a sampling rate of 2 k Hz at an ascent speed of 5 m s^(-1)(corresponding to a vertical resolution of 2.5 mm), an industrial personal computer, batteries, sensors for ambient temperature and humidity, an A/D converter, and others. The system was successfully launched to 24 km altitude over Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Province. Results show the spatial intermittence of the turbulence layers, with clear boundaries between turbulent and nonturbulent regions. This is the first time that the dynamic turbulence spectrum down to the viscous sub-range has been obtained throughout the lower stratosphere over China. With that, the energy dissipation rates of dynamic turbulence could be calculated with high precision. The profile of the dissipation rates varied from 7.37 × 10^(-7) to 4.23 W kg^(-1) and increased with altitude in the stratosphere.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42188102&42141003)。
文摘The global ocean sequesters a great amount of dissolved organic carbon(DOC),which is mainly originated from indigenous microbial activities(such as photosynthesis and chemoautotrophy)in the water column,as well as various exogenous sources such as riverine input,sediment mobilization,aerosol dissolution,hydrothermal vent effusion,and others(Cai and Jiao,2023).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42376148 and 42188102).
文摘This study introduces the concept of“gray carbon,”emphasizing its critical role in carbon sequestration in sewage treatment.By focusing on recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon(RDOC)in sewage effluents and its subsequent transformation in marine environments,we underscore the significant impact of sewage-derived organic carbon on the efficiency of carbon sequestration.Through analysis of carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules,this study illuminates the convergence in the molecular compositions of RDOC across various aquatic systems.Dark-culture experiments reveal marked variations in the microbial community structures of the aforementioned molecules,indicating that these changes may play an important role in the degradation and subsequent transformation of organic matter in marine environments.These insights lay the groundwork for advancing technologies designed to enhance wastewater alkalinity,which will improve the sustainability of wastewater treatment and preserve marine ecosystems.Enhancing sewage alkalinity can influence microbial processes and chemical equilibria,potentially affecting the formation and accumulation of gray carbon.Further investigation is necessary to understand the potential effect of alkalinity enhancement on the microbial communities and biochemical pathways involved in gray carbon formation.Our findings support the integration of gray carbon strategies into broader carbon neutrality initiatives,providing a scientific and technological blueprint for enhancing global carbon management and mitigating climate change.
