Tomato is an economically important crop that is susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses,situations that negatively affect the crop cycle.Biotic stress is caused by phytopathogens such as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.ly...Tomato is an economically important crop that is susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses,situations that negatively affect the crop cycle.Biotic stress is caused by phytopathogens such as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici(FOL),responsible for vascular wilt,a disease that causes economic losses of up to 100%in crops of interest.Nanomaterials represent an area of opportunity for pathogen control through stimulations that modify the plant development program,achieving greater adaptation and tolerance to stress.The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial capacity of the nanoparticles and the concentrations used in tomato plants infected with FOL.To this end,a two-stage experiment was conducted.In Stage 1,the effects of the nanomaterials(Graphene nanoplatelets[GP],Zinc oxide nanoparticles[ZnO NPs],Magnesium oxide nanoparticles[MgO NPs])were evaluated both alone and in combination to determine the most effective method of controlling FOL-induced disease.In Stage 2,the most effective combination of nanomaterials(ZnO+GP)was evaluated at four concentrations ranging from 100 to 400 mg L^(−1).To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatments,we determined the incidence and severity of the disease,agronomic parameters,as well as the following biochemical variables:chlorophylls,β-carotene,vitamin C,phenols,flavonoids,hydrogen peroxide,superoxide anion,and malondialdehyde.The results show various positive effects,highlighting the efficiency of the ZnO+GP at 200mg L^(−1),which reduced the severity by approximately 20%,in addition to increasing agronomic variables and reducing reactive oxygen species.Moreover,the results show that the application of these nanomaterials increases vegetative development and defense against biotic stress.The use of nanomaterials such as zinc oxide,magnesium oxide and graphene can be an effective tool in the control of the severity of Fusarium oxysporum disease.展开更多
The Agave genus has played a key role in the food security of communities at the local and regional level for millennia.The use and knowledge of these plants led to the development of the oldest agricultural centres i...The Agave genus has played a key role in the food security of communities at the local and regional level for millennia.The use and knowledge of these plants led to the development of the oldest agricultural centres in America.Therefore,a review of the literature on the ethnic and cultural particularities of the use of agave species in food and current knowledge on their nutritional contribution to the human diet is presented.56 species of agaves with food uses were registered by 55 ethnic groups in the American continent.Of this total,23 species also have a medicinal purpose.The number of agave species used by these ethnic groups shows an important agromorphological diversity.People collect and cultivate agaves to use their stem and foliar bases,the floral scape,the flowers and flower buds,the leaves,and the sap to prepare different foods.In many cases these foods help them survive in adverse conditions.The contribution of agaves to human nutrition has been studied from nutraceutical components such as saponins,inulin,fructans,phenolic compounds and antioxidants,dietary fiber,amino acids,and minerals.In the face of global climate change,agaves represent a strategic biological resource for the world,making their use,conservation and study a priority.Agave products will continue to show their health benefits.Human use of agaves aids diversification of the genus while contributing to the well-being and permanence of a variety of cultures.展开更多
Nowadays,agave syrup(AS)is a controversial sweetener due to its high fructose content.However,the hy-drolysis process to which AS is subjected could contribute to improving its functional properties.This work aimed to...Nowadays,agave syrup(AS)is a controversial sweetener due to its high fructose content.However,the hy-drolysis process to which AS is subjected could contribute to improving its functional properties.This work aimed to evaluate the relationship between the degree of hydrolysis(DH)of AS(95%:AS95,88%:AS88,and 50%:AS50)and its functional properties.In addition,the impact of these properties on weight gain,blood biochemical parameters,and oxidative stress(lipids and proteins)was studied in C57BL/6 mice.By HPLC analysis,the main polyphenols identified in AS were catechin,chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,vanillin,quercetin,naringin,rutin,ellagic acid,and gallic acid.As the DH of AS increased,its fructose concentration increased(p<0.05),and its concentration of fructans,bioactive compounds(BC),and antioxidant capacity decreased.In the case of blood glucose,the mice drinking AS solutions did not present differences(p>0.05)in comparison to the control(water).However,mice drinking AS50 solutions showed a decrease(p<0.05)in weight gain(35%),cholesterol(6%),triglycerides(18-22%),and oxidative stress in lipids(63%)and proteins(44%)compared to mice drinking AS88 and AS95 solutions.展开更多
In this paper,the formation control problem for unicycle multi-agent systems is considered.The design of a generalized homogeneous leader–follower formation control protocol is studied which shows that such a control...In this paper,the formation control problem for unicycle multi-agent systems is considered.The design of a generalized homogeneous leader–follower formation control protocol is studied which shows that such a control protocol can be obtained by“upgrading”from the classical linear control.With this proposed control protocol,a finite-time stability of the formation error is ensured if the acceleration of the leader is bounded by some known value.In addition,if the leader acceleration is unknown but bounded,the robust formation is achieved by ensuring the formation error's input-to-state stability.Simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control protocol.展开更多
文摘Tomato is an economically important crop that is susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses,situations that negatively affect the crop cycle.Biotic stress is caused by phytopathogens such as Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici(FOL),responsible for vascular wilt,a disease that causes economic losses of up to 100%in crops of interest.Nanomaterials represent an area of opportunity for pathogen control through stimulations that modify the plant development program,achieving greater adaptation and tolerance to stress.The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial capacity of the nanoparticles and the concentrations used in tomato plants infected with FOL.To this end,a two-stage experiment was conducted.In Stage 1,the effects of the nanomaterials(Graphene nanoplatelets[GP],Zinc oxide nanoparticles[ZnO NPs],Magnesium oxide nanoparticles[MgO NPs])were evaluated both alone and in combination to determine the most effective method of controlling FOL-induced disease.In Stage 2,the most effective combination of nanomaterials(ZnO+GP)was evaluated at four concentrations ranging from 100 to 400 mg L^(−1).To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatments,we determined the incidence and severity of the disease,agronomic parameters,as well as the following biochemical variables:chlorophylls,β-carotene,vitamin C,phenols,flavonoids,hydrogen peroxide,superoxide anion,and malondialdehyde.The results show various positive effects,highlighting the efficiency of the ZnO+GP at 200mg L^(−1),which reduced the severity by approximately 20%,in addition to increasing agronomic variables and reducing reactive oxygen species.Moreover,the results show that the application of these nanomaterials increases vegetative development and defense against biotic stress.The use of nanomaterials such as zinc oxide,magnesium oxide and graphene can be an effective tool in the control of the severity of Fusarium oxysporum disease.
基金Instituto Politécnico Nacional(IPN)and Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología(CONACYT)for financial support(Scholarship number:785612).
文摘The Agave genus has played a key role in the food security of communities at the local and regional level for millennia.The use and knowledge of these plants led to the development of the oldest agricultural centres in America.Therefore,a review of the literature on the ethnic and cultural particularities of the use of agave species in food and current knowledge on their nutritional contribution to the human diet is presented.56 species of agaves with food uses were registered by 55 ethnic groups in the American continent.Of this total,23 species also have a medicinal purpose.The number of agave species used by these ethnic groups shows an important agromorphological diversity.People collect and cultivate agaves to use their stem and foliar bases,the floral scape,the flowers and flower buds,the leaves,and the sap to prepare different foods.In many cases these foods help them survive in adverse conditions.The contribution of agaves to human nutrition has been studied from nutraceutical components such as saponins,inulin,fructans,phenolic compounds and antioxidants,dietary fiber,amino acids,and minerals.In the face of global climate change,agaves represent a strategic biological resource for the world,making their use,conservation and study a priority.Agave products will continue to show their health benefits.Human use of agaves aids diversification of the genus while contributing to the well-being and permanence of a variety of cultures.
基金supported by the Department of Support for Research and Graduate Studies of the Universidad de Guanajuato,Mexico[grant number CIIC 095/2022]Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología in Mexico(CONACYT)for the funding granted(1081559)to Román Cardona-Herrera to complete their Master’s degree studies in the Postgraduate Program of Biosciences of the Universidad de Guanajuato.
文摘Nowadays,agave syrup(AS)is a controversial sweetener due to its high fructose content.However,the hy-drolysis process to which AS is subjected could contribute to improving its functional properties.This work aimed to evaluate the relationship between the degree of hydrolysis(DH)of AS(95%:AS95,88%:AS88,and 50%:AS50)and its functional properties.In addition,the impact of these properties on weight gain,blood biochemical parameters,and oxidative stress(lipids and proteins)was studied in C57BL/6 mice.By HPLC analysis,the main polyphenols identified in AS were catechin,chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid,vanillin,quercetin,naringin,rutin,ellagic acid,and gallic acid.As the DH of AS increased,its fructose concentration increased(p<0.05),and its concentration of fructans,bioactive compounds(BC),and antioxidant capacity decreased.In the case of blood glucose,the mice drinking AS solutions did not present differences(p>0.05)in comparison to the control(water).However,mice drinking AS50 solutions showed a decrease(p<0.05)in weight gain(35%),cholesterol(6%),triglycerides(18-22%),and oxidative stress in lipids(63%)and proteins(44%)compared to mice drinking AS88 and AS95 solutions.
基金supported by the CSC Grant 202106160022the SEP-CONACYT-ANUIES-ECOS NORD Project 315597+2 种基金ECOS NORD Project M20M04supported in part by the CONAHCYT CVU 270504 Project 922in part by the TecNM Projects
文摘In this paper,the formation control problem for unicycle multi-agent systems is considered.The design of a generalized homogeneous leader–follower formation control protocol is studied which shows that such a control protocol can be obtained by“upgrading”from the classical linear control.With this proposed control protocol,a finite-time stability of the formation error is ensured if the acceleration of the leader is bounded by some known value.In addition,if the leader acceleration is unknown but bounded,the robust formation is achieved by ensuring the formation error's input-to-state stability.Simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control protocol.
