An overview of CNPC engineering technology service As an important backup and guarantee for CNPC＇s oil and gas business, engineering technology service companies have focused on the goal of building an integrated in...An overview of CNPC engineering technology service As an important backup and guarantee for CNPC＇s oil and gas business, engineering technology service companies have focused on the goal of building an integrated international energy company, and launched new round of specialized restructuring and business integration since the end of 2007, in accordance with the principle of intensification, specialization, and integration.展开更多
The equipment manufacturing industry is a fundamental industry to provide technology and equipment for national economy development. Thus it is a strategic action to realize the sustainable development of national eco...The equipment manufacturing industry is a fundamental industry to provide technology and equipment for national economy development. Thus it is a strategic action to realize the sustainable development of national economy by vigorously developing the equipment manufacturing industry and taking the road of new industrialization. For more than 50 years, CNPC (China National Petroleum Corporation) has made significant achievements and developed a large integrated industrial system, making great contribution to the sustained stable development of Chinese petroleum industry.展开更多
Major problems in petroleum equipment manufacturing Difference of petroleum equipment manufacturing technology between China and foreign countries （1） Drilling equipment. The gap between Chinese drilling equipment...Major problems in petroleum equipment manufacturing Difference of petroleum equipment manufacturing technology between China and foreign countries （1） Drilling equipment. The gap between Chinese drilling equipment and that of other countries is still large in its quality and the application of high-level technology.展开更多
Based on the achievements and research advances in oil and gas exploration in the Persian Gulf Basin,this study analyzes the orderliness of oil and gas distribution and main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumula...Based on the achievements and research advances in oil and gas exploration in the Persian Gulf Basin,this study analyzes the orderliness of oil and gas distribution and main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation with reservoir-forming assemblage as the unit.In the Persian Gulf Basin,the hydrocarbon-generating centers of source rocks of different geological ages and the hydrocarbon rich zones migrate in a clockwise direction around the Ghawar Oilfield in the Central Arabian Subbasin.Horizontally,the overall distribution pattern is orderly,showing“oil in the west and gas in the east”,and“large oil and gas fields dense in the basin center and sparse at the basin edges”.Vertically,the extents of petroleum system compounding and sources mixing increase from west to east,the pattern of tectonic strength(weak in the west and strong in the east)forming the distribution characteristics of“gas rich in the Paleozoic,oil rich in the Mesozoic,and both oil and gas rich in the Cenozoic”.The large scale accumulation and orderly distribution of oil and gas in the Persian Gulf Basin are controlled by three factors:(1)Multiple sets of giant hydrocarbon kitchens provide a resource base for near-source reservoir-forming assemblages.The short-distance lateral migration determines the oil and gas enrichment in and around the distribution area of effective source rocks.(2)The anhydrite caprocks in the platform area are thin but have experienced weak late-stage tectonic activities.Their good sealing performance makes it difficult for oil and gas to migrate vertically to shallow layers through them.The thrust faults and high-angle fractures formed by intense tectonic activities of the Zagros Orogenic Belt connect multiple source-reservoir assemblages.However,the Neogene Gachsaran Formation gypsum-salt rocks are thick and highly plastic,generally with good sealing performance,so large-scale oil and gas accumulations are still formed beneath the salt;(3)Each set of reservoir-forming assemblages is well matched in time and space in terms of the development of source rocks and reservoir-caprock assemblages,the maturation and hydrocarbon generation of source rocks,and the formation of traps,thus resulting in abundant multi layer hydrocarbon accumulations.At present,the Persian Gulf Basin is still in the stage of structural trap exploration.The pre-salt prospective traps in effective hydrocarbon kitchens remain the first choice.The areas with significant changes in Mesozoic sedimentary facies have the conditions to form large scale lithologic oil and gas reservoirs.The deep Paleozoic conventional oil and gas reservoirs and the Lower Silurian Qusaiba Member shale gas have great exploration potential and are expected to become important reserve growth areas in the future.展开更多
Lithology identification is a critical aspect of geoenergy exploration,including geothermal energy development,gas hydrate extraction,and gas storage.In recent years,artificial intelligence techniques based on drill c...Lithology identification is a critical aspect of geoenergy exploration,including geothermal energy development,gas hydrate extraction,and gas storage.In recent years,artificial intelligence techniques based on drill core images have made significant strides in lithology identification,achieving high accuracy.However,the current demand for advanced lithology identification models remains unmet due to the lack of high-quality drill core image datasets.This study successfully constructs and publicly releases the first open-source Drill Core Image Dataset(DCID),addressing the need for large-scale,high-quality datasets in lithology characterization tasks within geological engineering and establishing a standard dataset for model evaluation.DCID consists of 35 lithology categories and a total of 98,000 high-resolution images(512×512 pixels),making it the most comprehensive drill core image dataset in terms of lithology categories,image quantity,and resolution.This study also provides lithology identification accuracy benchmarks for popular convolutional neural networks(CNNs)such as VGG,ResNet,DenseNet,MobileNet,as well as for the Vision Transformer(ViT)and MLP-Mixer,based on DCID.Additionally,the sensitivity of model performance to various parameters and image resolution is evaluated.In response to real-world challenges,we propose a real-world data augmentation(RWDA)method,leveraging slightly defective images from DCID to enhance model robustness.The study also explores the impact of real-world lighting conditions on the performance of lithology identification models.Finally,we demonstrate how to rapidly evaluate model performance across multiple dimensions using low-resolution datasets,advancing the application and development of new lithology identification models for geoenergy exploration.展开更多
To address the water sensitivity of conglomerate reservoirs,a series of core sensitivity tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of varying ionic content.These findings serve as a foundation for improving reservo...To address the water sensitivity of conglomerate reservoirs,a series of core sensitivity tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of varying ionic content.These findings serve as a foundation for improving reservoir fluid dynamics and optimizing the concentration of anti-swelling agents in water flooding operations.The experiments revealed a marked disparity in response between cores with differing permeabilities.In Core No.5,characterized by low permeability,a 0.5% anti-swelling agent achieved only a modest 7.47% reduction in water sensitivity.Conversely,in the higher-permeability Core No.8,a 5%anti-swelling agent significantly reduced the water sensitivity index by 44.84% while enhancing permeability.Further,two displacement strategies-gas flooding following water flooding and water flooding after gas injection-were tested to assess the potential of CO_(2)water-alternating-gas(WAG)displacement.CO_(2)injection after water flooding in Core No.5 increased oil recovery by 9.24%,though gas channeling,evidenced by a sharp rise in the gas-liquid ratio,emerged as a critical concern.In Core No.8,water flooding following gas injection failed to improve recovery,likely due to pronounced water sensitivity,reduced permeability,and the formation of dominant flow channels under high displacement pressure,which limited sweep efficiency.展开更多
Carbon dioxide capture,EOR-utilization and storage(CCUS-EOR)are the most practical and feasible large-scale carbon reduction technologies,and also the key technologies to greatly improve the recovery of low-permeabili...Carbon dioxide capture,EOR-utilization and storage(CCUS-EOR)are the most practical and feasible large-scale carbon reduction technologies,and also the key technologies to greatly improve the recovery of low-permeability oil fields.This paper sorts out the main course of CCUS-EOR technological development abroad and its industrialization progress.The progress of CCUS-EOR technological research and field tests in China are summarized,the development status,problems and challenges of the entire industry chain of CO_(2) capture,transportation,oil displacement,and storage are analyzed.The results show a huge potential of the large-scale application of CCUS-EOR in China in terms of carbon emission reduction and oil production increase.At present,CCUS-EOR in China is in a critical stage of development,from field pilot tests to industrialization.Aiming at the feature of continental sedimentary oil and gas reservoirs in China,and giving full play to the advantages of the abundant reserves for CO_(2) flooding,huge underground storage space,surface infrastructure,and wide distribution of wellbore injection channels,by cooperating with carbon emission enterprises,critical technological research and demonstration project construction should be accelerated,including the capture of low-concentration CO_(2) at low-cost and on large-scale,supercritical CO_(2) long-distance transportation,greatly enhancing oil recovery and storage rate,and CO_(2) large-scale and safe storage.CCUS-EOR theoretical and technical standard system should be constructed for the whole industrial chain to support and promote the industrial scale application,leading the rapid and profitable development of CCUS-EOR emerging industrial chain with innovation.展开更多
This paper reviews the basic research means for oilfield development and also the researches and tests of enhanced oil recovery(EOR)methods for mature oilfields and continental shale oil development,analyzes the probl...This paper reviews the basic research means for oilfield development and also the researches and tests of enhanced oil recovery(EOR)methods for mature oilfields and continental shale oil development,analyzes the problems of EOR methods,and proposes the relevant research prospects.The basic research means for oilfield development include in-situ acquisition of formation rock/fluid samples and non-destructive testing.The EOR methods for conventional and shale oil development are classified as improved water flooding(e.g.nano-water flooding),chemical flooding(e.g.low-concentration middle-phase micro-emulsion flooding),gas flooding(e.g.micro/nano bubble flooding),thermal recovery(e.g.air injection thermal-aided miscible flooding),and multi-cluster uniform fracturing/water-free fracturing,which are discussed in this paper for their mechanisms,approaches,and key technique researches and field tests.These methods have been studied with remarkable progress,and some achieved ideal results in field tests.Nonetheless,some problems still exist,such as inadequate research on mechanisms,imperfect matching technologies,and incomplete industrial chains.It is proposed to further strengthen the basic researches and expand the field tests,thereby driving the formation,promotion and application of new technologies.展开更多
Aiming at the four issues of underground storage state,exploitation mechanism,crude oil flow and efficient recovery,the key theoretical and technical issues and countermeasures for effective development of Gulong shal...Aiming at the four issues of underground storage state,exploitation mechanism,crude oil flow and efficient recovery,the key theoretical and technical issues and countermeasures for effective development of Gulong shale oil are put forward.Through key exploration and research on fluid occurrence,fluid phase change,exploitation mechanism,oil start-up mechanism,flow regime/pattern,exploitation mode and enhanced oil recovery(EOR)of shale reservoirs with different storage spaces,multi-scale occurrence states of shale oil and phase behavior of fluid in nano confined space were provided,the multi-phase,multi-scale flow mode and production mechanism with hydraulic fracture-shale bedding fracture-matrix infiltration as the core was clarified,and a multi-scale flow mathematical model and recoverable reserves evaluation method were preliminarily established.The feasibility of development mode with early energy replenishment and recovery factor of 3o%was discussed.Based on these,the researches of key theories and technologies for effective development of Gulong shale oil are proposed to focus on:(1)in-situ sampling and non-destructive testing of core and fluid;(2)high-temperature,high-pressure,nano-scale laboratory simulation experiment;(3)fusion of multi-scale multi-flow regime numerical simulation technology and large-scale application software;(4)waterless(CO_(2))fracturing technique and the fracturing technique for increasing the vertical fracture height;(5)early energy replenishment to enhance oil recovery;(6)lifecycle technical and economic evaluation.Moreover,a series of exploitation tests should be performed on site as soon as possible to verify the theoretical understanding,optimize the exploitation mode,form supporting technologies,and provide a generalizable development model,thereby supporting and guiding the effective development and production of Gulong shale oil.展开更多
As technologies advance in oilfield development, mature oilfields are able to keep sustainable production and complex oilfields difficult to produce in the past are put into production efficiently. In this work, new p...As technologies advance in oilfield development, mature oilfields are able to keep sustainable production and complex oilfields difficult to produce in the past are put into production efficiently. In this work, new progresses of main development technologies for medium-high permeability and high water cut, low permeability, heavy oil, complex faulted block and special lithology reservoirs in the past decade, especially those international achievements made in enhanced oil recovery, were summarized, the key problems and major challenges that different oilfields are facing were analyzed, and the development route and direction of three-generation technologies were proposed as "mature technology in industrialized application, key technology in pilot test and innovative technology for backup". The key research contents should focus on:(1) Fine water flooding and chemical flooding for mature oilfields, improving oil recovery after chemical flooding, and gas flooding for low permeability reservoirs must be researched and tested in field further.(2) Study on subversive technologies like nanometer smart flooding, in-situ upgrading and injection and production through the same well should be strengthened.(3) EOR technologies for low oil price, new fields(deep sea, deep layer, unconventional reservoirs etc.) and highly difficult conditions(the quaternary recovery after chemical flooding, tertiary recovery in ultra-low permeability reservoirs) should be stocked up in advance. The development cost must be lowered significantly through constant innovation in technology and reservoir management to realize sustainable development of oilfields.展开更多
Taking the Gaoshangpu-Liuzan geothermal field in the Nanpu sag of the Bohai Bay Basin as the research object, this paper discusses the geological conditions and potential of the geothermal resources of the Guantao For...Taking the Gaoshangpu-Liuzan geothermal field in the Nanpu sag of the Bohai Bay Basin as the research object, this paper discusses the geological conditions and potential of the geothermal resources of the Guantao Formation in the study area, and introduces the development practice of geothermal energy heating in Caofeidian. The average buried depth of the Guantao Formation is 1500–2500 m, the lithology is dominated by sandy conglomerate, and the average thickness of thermal reservoir is 120–300 m. The average porosity of thermal reservoir is 28%–35%, the permeability is(600–2000)×10^(-3) μm^(2), and the temperature of thermal reservoir is 70–110 ℃. The formation has total geothermal resources of 13.79×10^(18) J, equivalent to 4.70×10^(8) t of standard coal. Based on a large amount of seismic and drilling data from oil and gas exploration, this study carried out high quality target area selection, simulation of sandstone thermal reservoir, and production and injection in the same layer. The geothermal heating project with distributed production and injection well pattern covering an area of 230×10^(4) m^(2) was completed in the new district of Caofeidian in 2018. The project has been running steadily for two heating seasons, with an average annual saving of 6.06×10^(4) t of standard coal and a reduction of 15.87×10^(4) t of carbon dioxide, achieving good economic and social benefits. This project has proved that the Neogene sandstone geothermal reservoir in eastern China can achieve sustainable large-scale development by using the technology of "balanced production and injection in the same layer". It provides effective reference for the exploration and development of geothermal resource in oil and gas-bearing basins in eastern China.展开更多
Over the past two decades, as the main battlefield of China's international energy cooperation, countries along the Belt and Road have had good foundations in the foreign investment. Through China's efforts to...Over the past two decades, as the main battlefield of China's international energy cooperation, countries along the Belt and Road have had good foundations in the foreign investment. Through China's efforts to build the Belt and Road, energy cooperation has enjoyed first-mover advantages. Looking ahead, the countries along the Belt and Road are predicted to enjoy a promising future in energy cooperation because of their abundant energy resources, their role as complements to China's economic development, and their vast amounts of cooperation potential. At the same time, we are also keenly aware that there are a number of risks caused by geopolitics, policy changes, price fluctuations and legal compliance in energy cooperation among the countries along the Belt and Road. Moreover, it is urgent for Chinese enterprises to enhance their international capabilities. In this context, it is necessary to further maintain and make full use of their first-mover advantages and play a guiding and demonstrating role. Enterprises should actively adapt to new changes, while the government should make progress in policy coordination, facility connectivity, unimpeded trade, financed integration and people-to-people bonds, so as to keep deepening international energy cooperation and to build an energy silk road and a community with a shared future for energy.展开更多
Owner:Petro China Changqing Oilfield Company Design unit:Petro China Changqing Oilfield Company Construction unit:Petro China Changqing Oilfield Company,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,CNPC Greatwa...Owner:Petro China Changqing Oilfield Company Design unit:Petro China Changqing Oilfield Company Construction unit:Petro China Changqing Oilfield Company,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,CNPC Greatwall Drilling Company。展开更多
文摘An overview of CNPC engineering technology service As an important backup and guarantee for CNPC＇s oil and gas business, engineering technology service companies have focused on the goal of building an integrated international energy company, and launched new round of specialized restructuring and business integration since the end of 2007, in accordance with the principle of intensification, specialization, and integration.
文摘The equipment manufacturing industry is a fundamental industry to provide technology and equipment for national economy development. Thus it is a strategic action to realize the sustainable development of national economy by vigorously developing the equipment manufacturing industry and taking the road of new industrialization. For more than 50 years, CNPC (China National Petroleum Corporation) has made significant achievements and developed a large integrated industrial system, making great contribution to the sustained stable development of Chinese petroleum industry.
文摘Major problems in petroleum equipment manufacturing Difference of petroleum equipment manufacturing technology between China and foreign countries （1） Drilling equipment. The gap between Chinese drilling equipment and that of other countries is still large in its quality and the application of high-level technology.
基金Supported by the CNPC Major Science and Technology Project(2023ZZ07).
文摘Based on the achievements and research advances in oil and gas exploration in the Persian Gulf Basin,this study analyzes the orderliness of oil and gas distribution and main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation with reservoir-forming assemblage as the unit.In the Persian Gulf Basin,the hydrocarbon-generating centers of source rocks of different geological ages and the hydrocarbon rich zones migrate in a clockwise direction around the Ghawar Oilfield in the Central Arabian Subbasin.Horizontally,the overall distribution pattern is orderly,showing“oil in the west and gas in the east”,and“large oil and gas fields dense in the basin center and sparse at the basin edges”.Vertically,the extents of petroleum system compounding and sources mixing increase from west to east,the pattern of tectonic strength(weak in the west and strong in the east)forming the distribution characteristics of“gas rich in the Paleozoic,oil rich in the Mesozoic,and both oil and gas rich in the Cenozoic”.The large scale accumulation and orderly distribution of oil and gas in the Persian Gulf Basin are controlled by three factors:(1)Multiple sets of giant hydrocarbon kitchens provide a resource base for near-source reservoir-forming assemblages.The short-distance lateral migration determines the oil and gas enrichment in and around the distribution area of effective source rocks.(2)The anhydrite caprocks in the platform area are thin but have experienced weak late-stage tectonic activities.Their good sealing performance makes it difficult for oil and gas to migrate vertically to shallow layers through them.The thrust faults and high-angle fractures formed by intense tectonic activities of the Zagros Orogenic Belt connect multiple source-reservoir assemblages.However,the Neogene Gachsaran Formation gypsum-salt rocks are thick and highly plastic,generally with good sealing performance,so large-scale oil and gas accumulations are still formed beneath the salt;(3)Each set of reservoir-forming assemblages is well matched in time and space in terms of the development of source rocks and reservoir-caprock assemblages,the maturation and hydrocarbon generation of source rocks,and the formation of traps,thus resulting in abundant multi layer hydrocarbon accumulations.At present,the Persian Gulf Basin is still in the stage of structural trap exploration.The pre-salt prospective traps in effective hydrocarbon kitchens remain the first choice.The areas with significant changes in Mesozoic sedimentary facies have the conditions to form large scale lithologic oil and gas reservoirs.The deep Paleozoic conventional oil and gas reservoirs and the Lower Silurian Qusaiba Member shale gas have great exploration potential and are expected to become important reserve growth areas in the future.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U24B2034,U2139204)the China Petroleum Science and Technology Innovation Fund(2021DQ02-0501)the Science and Technology Support Project of Langfang(2024011073).
文摘Lithology identification is a critical aspect of geoenergy exploration,including geothermal energy development,gas hydrate extraction,and gas storage.In recent years,artificial intelligence techniques based on drill core images have made significant strides in lithology identification,achieving high accuracy.However,the current demand for advanced lithology identification models remains unmet due to the lack of high-quality drill core image datasets.This study successfully constructs and publicly releases the first open-source Drill Core Image Dataset(DCID),addressing the need for large-scale,high-quality datasets in lithology characterization tasks within geological engineering and establishing a standard dataset for model evaluation.DCID consists of 35 lithology categories and a total of 98,000 high-resolution images(512×512 pixels),making it the most comprehensive drill core image dataset in terms of lithology categories,image quantity,and resolution.This study also provides lithology identification accuracy benchmarks for popular convolutional neural networks(CNNs)such as VGG,ResNet,DenseNet,MobileNet,as well as for the Vision Transformer(ViT)and MLP-Mixer,based on DCID.Additionally,the sensitivity of model performance to various parameters and image resolution is evaluated.In response to real-world challenges,we propose a real-world data augmentation(RWDA)method,leveraging slightly defective images from DCID to enhance model robustness.The study also explores the impact of real-world lighting conditions on the performance of lithology identification models.Finally,we demonstrate how to rapidly evaluate model performance across multiple dimensions using low-resolution datasets,advancing the application and development of new lithology identification models for geoenergy exploration.
文摘To address the water sensitivity of conglomerate reservoirs,a series of core sensitivity tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of varying ionic content.These findings serve as a foundation for improving reservoir fluid dynamics and optimizing the concentration of anti-swelling agents in water flooding operations.The experiments revealed a marked disparity in response between cores with differing permeabilities.In Core No.5,characterized by low permeability,a 0.5% anti-swelling agent achieved only a modest 7.47% reduction in water sensitivity.Conversely,in the higher-permeability Core No.8,a 5%anti-swelling agent significantly reduced the water sensitivity index by 44.84% while enhancing permeability.Further,two displacement strategies-gas flooding following water flooding and water flooding after gas injection-were tested to assess the potential of CO_(2)water-alternating-gas(WAG)displacement.CO_(2)injection after water flooding in Core No.5 increased oil recovery by 9.24%,though gas channeling,evidenced by a sharp rise in the gas-liquid ratio,emerged as a critical concern.In Core No.8,water flooding following gas injection failed to improve recovery,likely due to pronounced water sensitivity,reduced permeability,and the formation of dominant flow channels under high displacement pressure,which limited sweep efficiency.
基金Supported by the Major Science and Technology Project of PetroChina(2021ZZ01).
文摘Carbon dioxide capture,EOR-utilization and storage(CCUS-EOR)are the most practical and feasible large-scale carbon reduction technologies,and also the key technologies to greatly improve the recovery of low-permeability oil fields.This paper sorts out the main course of CCUS-EOR technological development abroad and its industrialization progress.The progress of CCUS-EOR technological research and field tests in China are summarized,the development status,problems and challenges of the entire industry chain of CO_(2) capture,transportation,oil displacement,and storage are analyzed.The results show a huge potential of the large-scale application of CCUS-EOR in China in terms of carbon emission reduction and oil production increase.At present,CCUS-EOR in China is in a critical stage of development,from field pilot tests to industrialization.Aiming at the feature of continental sedimentary oil and gas reservoirs in China,and giving full play to the advantages of the abundant reserves for CO_(2) flooding,huge underground storage space,surface infrastructure,and wide distribution of wellbore injection channels,by cooperating with carbon emission enterprises,critical technological research and demonstration project construction should be accelerated,including the capture of low-concentration CO_(2) at low-cost and on large-scale,supercritical CO_(2) long-distance transportation,greatly enhancing oil recovery and storage rate,and CO_(2) large-scale and safe storage.CCUS-EOR theoretical and technical standard system should be constructed for the whole industrial chain to support and promote the industrial scale application,leading the rapid and profitable development of CCUS-EOR emerging industrial chain with innovation.
基金Supported by the PetroChina Science and Technology Major Project(2023ZZ04,2023ZZ08)。
文摘This paper reviews the basic research means for oilfield development and also the researches and tests of enhanced oil recovery(EOR)methods for mature oilfields and continental shale oil development,analyzes the problems of EOR methods,and proposes the relevant research prospects.The basic research means for oilfield development include in-situ acquisition of formation rock/fluid samples and non-destructive testing.The EOR methods for conventional and shale oil development are classified as improved water flooding(e.g.nano-water flooding),chemical flooding(e.g.low-concentration middle-phase micro-emulsion flooding),gas flooding(e.g.micro/nano bubble flooding),thermal recovery(e.g.air injection thermal-aided miscible flooding),and multi-cluster uniform fracturing/water-free fracturing,which are discussed in this paper for their mechanisms,approaches,and key technique researches and field tests.These methods have been studied with remarkable progress,and some achieved ideal results in field tests.Nonetheless,some problems still exist,such as inadequate research on mechanisms,imperfect matching technologies,and incomplete industrial chains.It is proposed to further strengthen the basic researches and expand the field tests,thereby driving the formation,promotion and application of new technologies.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22B2075).
文摘Aiming at the four issues of underground storage state,exploitation mechanism,crude oil flow and efficient recovery,the key theoretical and technical issues and countermeasures for effective development of Gulong shale oil are put forward.Through key exploration and research on fluid occurrence,fluid phase change,exploitation mechanism,oil start-up mechanism,flow regime/pattern,exploitation mode and enhanced oil recovery(EOR)of shale reservoirs with different storage spaces,multi-scale occurrence states of shale oil and phase behavior of fluid in nano confined space were provided,the multi-phase,multi-scale flow mode and production mechanism with hydraulic fracture-shale bedding fracture-matrix infiltration as the core was clarified,and a multi-scale flow mathematical model and recoverable reserves evaluation method were preliminarily established.The feasibility of development mode with early energy replenishment and recovery factor of 3o%was discussed.Based on these,the researches of key theories and technologies for effective development of Gulong shale oil are proposed to focus on:(1)in-situ sampling and non-destructive testing of core and fluid;(2)high-temperature,high-pressure,nano-scale laboratory simulation experiment;(3)fusion of multi-scale multi-flow regime numerical simulation technology and large-scale application software;(4)waterless(CO_(2))fracturing technique and the fracturing technique for increasing the vertical fracture height;(5)early energy replenishment to enhance oil recovery;(6)lifecycle technical and economic evaluation.Moreover,a series of exploitation tests should be performed on site as soon as possible to verify the theoretical understanding,optimize the exploitation mode,form supporting technologies,and provide a generalizable development model,thereby supporting and guiding the effective development and production of Gulong shale oil.
文摘As technologies advance in oilfield development, mature oilfields are able to keep sustainable production and complex oilfields difficult to produce in the past are put into production efficiently. In this work, new progresses of main development technologies for medium-high permeability and high water cut, low permeability, heavy oil, complex faulted block and special lithology reservoirs in the past decade, especially those international achievements made in enhanced oil recovery, were summarized, the key problems and major challenges that different oilfields are facing were analyzed, and the development route and direction of three-generation technologies were proposed as "mature technology in industrialized application, key technology in pilot test and innovative technology for backup". The key research contents should focus on:(1) Fine water flooding and chemical flooding for mature oilfields, improving oil recovery after chemical flooding, and gas flooding for low permeability reservoirs must be researched and tested in field further.(2) Study on subversive technologies like nanometer smart flooding, in-situ upgrading and injection and production through the same well should be strengthened.(3) EOR technologies for low oil price, new fields(deep sea, deep layer, unconventional reservoirs etc.) and highly difficult conditions(the quaternary recovery after chemical flooding, tertiary recovery in ultra-low permeability reservoirs) should be stocked up in advance. The development cost must be lowered significantly through constant innovation in technology and reservoir management to realize sustainable development of oilfields.
基金This study was supported and helped by Professor Yan Jiahong with China Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute,Yao Yanhua,Chief Geologist of the Hydrology Institute of PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield Company,and Dr.Kong Yanlong with the Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Taking the Gaoshangpu-Liuzan geothermal field in the Nanpu sag of the Bohai Bay Basin as the research object, this paper discusses the geological conditions and potential of the geothermal resources of the Guantao Formation in the study area, and introduces the development practice of geothermal energy heating in Caofeidian. The average buried depth of the Guantao Formation is 1500–2500 m, the lithology is dominated by sandy conglomerate, and the average thickness of thermal reservoir is 120–300 m. The average porosity of thermal reservoir is 28%–35%, the permeability is(600–2000)×10^(-3) μm^(2), and the temperature of thermal reservoir is 70–110 ℃. The formation has total geothermal resources of 13.79×10^(18) J, equivalent to 4.70×10^(8) t of standard coal. Based on a large amount of seismic and drilling data from oil and gas exploration, this study carried out high quality target area selection, simulation of sandstone thermal reservoir, and production and injection in the same layer. The geothermal heating project with distributed production and injection well pattern covering an area of 230×10^(4) m^(2) was completed in the new district of Caofeidian in 2018. The project has been running steadily for two heating seasons, with an average annual saving of 6.06×10^(4) t of standard coal and a reduction of 15.87×10^(4) t of carbon dioxide, achieving good economic and social benefits. This project has proved that the Neogene sandstone geothermal reservoir in eastern China can achieve sustainable large-scale development by using the technology of "balanced production and injection in the same layer". It provides effective reference for the exploration and development of geothermal resource in oil and gas-bearing basins in eastern China.
文摘Over the past two decades, as the main battlefield of China's international energy cooperation, countries along the Belt and Road have had good foundations in the foreign investment. Through China's efforts to build the Belt and Road, energy cooperation has enjoyed first-mover advantages. Looking ahead, the countries along the Belt and Road are predicted to enjoy a promising future in energy cooperation because of their abundant energy resources, their role as complements to China's economic development, and their vast amounts of cooperation potential. At the same time, we are also keenly aware that there are a number of risks caused by geopolitics, policy changes, price fluctuations and legal compliance in energy cooperation among the countries along the Belt and Road. Moreover, it is urgent for Chinese enterprises to enhance their international capabilities. In this context, it is necessary to further maintain and make full use of their first-mover advantages and play a guiding and demonstrating role. Enterprises should actively adapt to new changes, while the government should make progress in policy coordination, facility connectivity, unimpeded trade, financed integration and people-to-people bonds, so as to keep deepening international energy cooperation and to build an energy silk road and a community with a shared future for energy.
文摘Owner:Petro China Changqing Oilfield Company Design unit:Petro China Changqing Oilfield Company Construction unit:Petro China Changqing Oilfield Company,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,CNPC Greatwall Drilling Company。
