Fibroblast growth factor(FGF)signaling encompasses a multitude of functions,including regulation of cell proliferation,differentiation,morphogenesis,and patterning.FGFs and their receptors(FGFR)are crucial for adult t...Fibroblast growth factor(FGF)signaling encompasses a multitude of functions,including regulation of cell proliferation,differentiation,morphogenesis,and patterning.FGFs and their receptors(FGFR)are crucial for adult tissue repair processes.Aberrant FGF signal transduction is associated with various pathological conditions such as cartilage damage,bone loss,muscle reduction,and other core pathological changes observed in orthopedic degenerative diseases like osteoarthritis(OA),intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD),osteoporosis(OP),and sarcopenia.In OA and IVDD pathologies specifically,FGF1,FGF2,FGF8,FGF9,FGF18,FGF21,and FGF23 regulate the synthesis,catabolism,and ossification of cartilage tissue.Additionally,the dysregulation of FGFR expression(FGFR1 and FGFR3)promotes the pathological process of cartilage degradation.In OP and sarcopenia,endocrine-derived FGFs(FGF19,FGF21,and FGF23)modulate bone mineral synthesis and decomposition as well as muscle tissues.FGF2 and other FGFs also exert regulatory roles.A growing body of research has focused on understanding the implications of FGF signaling in orthopedic degeneration.Moreover,an increasing number of potential targets within the FGF signaling have been identified,such as FGF9,FGF18,and FGF23.However,it should be noted that most of these discoveries are still in the experimental stage,and further studies are needed before clinical application can be considered.Presently,this review aims to document the association between the FGF signaling pathway and the development and progression of orthopedic diseases.Besides,current therapeutic strategies targeting the FGF signaling pathway to prevent and treat orthopedic degeneration will be evaluated.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common movement disorder of the elderly caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the brain.Both environmental and genetic factors pointed...Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common movement disorder of the elderly caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the brain.Both environmental and genetic factors pointed out mitochondrial dysfunction as a major cause of neurodegeneration in PD.Pioneering studies using mitochondrial toxins revealed their ability to trigger dopaminergic cell death and irreversible parkinsonism in different animal models(Poewe et al.,2017).Typical features of mitochondrial dysfunction have been also observed in the human brain of idiopathic PD cases,showing alterations of respiratory chain complex I and IV activity,accumulation of mtDNA deletions and increased oxidative stress(Bender et al.,2006).Moreover,a number of genes found mutated in familial PD forms encode for proteins involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and quality control.Among these,the PINK1 gene encodes a mitochondrial serine/threonine kinase implicated in key neuroprotective functions,including mitophagy,regulation of mitochondrial transport,control of the mitochondria/endoplasmic reticulum crosstalk and calcium homeostasis(Brunelli et al.,2020).展开更多
It has been researched that myocardial infarction(MI)has drastically affected patients all over the world.The current guidelines of the medical treatments including PTCA or CABG just improve the condition and reduce d...It has been researched that myocardial infarction(MI)has drastically affected patients all over the world.The current guidelines of the medical treatments including PTCA or CABG just improve the condition and reduce damage to an extent.In the new studies and recent updates on myocardial stem cells,it has been researched that myocardial stem cells have regenerative capacity.Stem cell therapy used in cardiac disease management shows a promising and novel approach for cardiac tissues,cardiac muscle repair,and regeneration.Furthermore,it’s been observed that the stem cell-derived paracrine factors help in regulating and remodeling the coronary artery inflammation and cardiac tissue generation in the MI region.Here,we highlight recent findings and discuss how they use stem cell therapy during MI and heart disease.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3603400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072506,92268115)+2 种基金the Hunan Provincial Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(2024JJ2089)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2021RC3025)the National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders(Xiangya Hospital,2021KF02).
文摘Fibroblast growth factor(FGF)signaling encompasses a multitude of functions,including regulation of cell proliferation,differentiation,morphogenesis,and patterning.FGFs and their receptors(FGFR)are crucial for adult tissue repair processes.Aberrant FGF signal transduction is associated with various pathological conditions such as cartilage damage,bone loss,muscle reduction,and other core pathological changes observed in orthopedic degenerative diseases like osteoarthritis(OA),intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD),osteoporosis(OP),and sarcopenia.In OA and IVDD pathologies specifically,FGF1,FGF2,FGF8,FGF9,FGF18,FGF21,and FGF23 regulate the synthesis,catabolism,and ossification of cartilage tissue.Additionally,the dysregulation of FGFR expression(FGFR1 and FGFR3)promotes the pathological process of cartilage degradation.In OP and sarcopenia,endocrine-derived FGFs(FGF19,FGF21,and FGF23)modulate bone mineral synthesis and decomposition as well as muscle tissues.FGF2 and other FGFs also exert regulatory roles.A growing body of research has focused on understanding the implications of FGF signaling in orthopedic degeneration.Moreover,an increasing number of potential targets within the FGF signaling have been identified,such as FGF9,FGF18,and FGF23.However,it should be noted that most of these discoveries are still in the experimental stage,and further studies are needed before clinical application can be considered.Presently,this review aims to document the association between the FGF signaling pathway and the development and progression of orthopedic diseases.Besides,current therapeutic strategies targeting the FGF signaling pathway to prevent and treat orthopedic degeneration will be evaluated.
基金supported by grants from the Luxembourg National Research Fund(FNR)for the National Centre for Excellence in Research on Parkinson’s disease(NCERPD to RK),the PEARL program(FNR/P13/6682797 to RK)and MiRisk‐PD(C17/BM/11676395 to RK and GA).RK has also received research grants from the Michael J Fox Foundation,the European Union’s Joint Program-Neurodegenerative Diseases(JPNDCOURAGE-PD)+2 种基金e European Union’s Horizon2020 research and innovation program(No.692320)the Federal Ministry for Education and Research(BMBF,Mito-PD 031 A 430 A).NM was supported by the French National Cancer Institute(INCA2017-1-PLBIO-08)by Fondation pour la recherche contre le cancer(ARC).
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common movement disorder of the elderly caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the brain.Both environmental and genetic factors pointed out mitochondrial dysfunction as a major cause of neurodegeneration in PD.Pioneering studies using mitochondrial toxins revealed their ability to trigger dopaminergic cell death and irreversible parkinsonism in different animal models(Poewe et al.,2017).Typical features of mitochondrial dysfunction have been also observed in the human brain of idiopathic PD cases,showing alterations of respiratory chain complex I and IV activity,accumulation of mtDNA deletions and increased oxidative stress(Bender et al.,2006).Moreover,a number of genes found mutated in familial PD forms encode for proteins involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and quality control.Among these,the PINK1 gene encodes a mitochondrial serine/threonine kinase implicated in key neuroprotective functions,including mitophagy,regulation of mitochondrial transport,control of the mitochondria/endoplasmic reticulum crosstalk and calcium homeostasis(Brunelli et al.,2020).
文摘It has been researched that myocardial infarction(MI)has drastically affected patients all over the world.The current guidelines of the medical treatments including PTCA or CABG just improve the condition and reduce damage to an extent.In the new studies and recent updates on myocardial stem cells,it has been researched that myocardial stem cells have regenerative capacity.Stem cell therapy used in cardiac disease management shows a promising and novel approach for cardiac tissues,cardiac muscle repair,and regeneration.Furthermore,it’s been observed that the stem cell-derived paracrine factors help in regulating and remodeling the coronary artery inflammation and cardiac tissue generation in the MI region.Here,we highlight recent findings and discuss how they use stem cell therapy during MI and heart disease.
