Within the framework of carbon neutrality,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are progressively booming along with the growing utilization of green and clean energy.However,the extensive application of LIBs with limited lifesp...Within the framework of carbon neutrality,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are progressively booming along with the growing utilization of green and clean energy.However,the extensive application of LIBs with limited lifespan has brought about a significant recycling dilemma.The traditional hydrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical strategies are not capable to maximize the output value of spent LIBs and minimize the potential environmental hazards.Herein,to alternate the tedious and polluting treatment processes,we propose a high-temperature molten-salt strategy to directly regenerate spent cathodes of LIBs,which can also overcome the barrier of the incomplete defects'restoration with previous low-temperature molten salts.The high-energy and stable medium environment ensures a more thorough and efficient relithiation reaction,and simultaneously provides sufficient driving force for atomic rearrangement and grains secondary growth.In consequence,the regenerated ternary cathode(R-NCM)exhibits significantly enhanced structural stability that effectively suppresses the occurrence of cracks and harmful side reactions.The R-NCM delivers excellent cycling stability,retaining 81.2%of its capacity after 200 cycles at 1 C.This technique further optimizes the traditional eutectic molten-salt approach,broadening its applicability and improving regenerated cathode performance across a wider range of conditions.展开更多
Selective laser melting(SLM)has been applied to manufacture various alloy components with excellent properties,but its further application is restricted by the intrinsic defects.In this work,the internal defect distri...Selective laser melting(SLM)has been applied to manufacture various alloy components with excellent properties,but its further application is restricted by the intrinsic defects.In this work,the internal defect distributions in samples of three alloys(316L stainless steel,AlSi10Mg and Inconel 718)were investigated respectively,considering the effects of geometrical characteristics of the samples.The defects in the 316L stainless steel sample tend to be formed densely in the central part with large wall thickness,indicating a strong sensitivity to heat accumulation.Contrarily,the Inconel 718 sample shows a higher relative density with homogeneous defect distribution,indicating better formability for the SLM process.For the AlSi10Mg sample,the defect density keeps increasing as the deposition goes on.Typically,the defect density located at sample edges shows an abnormally high level comparing with the inner part,especially in the top sections of AlSi10Mg and Inconel 718 samples.The results are helpful for the geometrical design,the adjustment of building orientation and the further optimization of process parameters in the SLM process.展开更多
To evaluate the prognostic value of site-specific metastases among patients with metastatic pancreatic carcinoma registered within the Surveillance,Epidemiology and End Results(SEER)database.METHODSSEER database(2010-...To evaluate the prognostic value of site-specific metastases among patients with metastatic pancreatic carcinoma registered within the Surveillance,Epidemiology and End Results(SEER)database.METHODSSEER database(2010-2013)has been queried through SEER*Stat program to determine the presentation,treatment outcomes and prognostic outcomes of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma according to the site of metastasis.In this study,metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients were classified according to the site of metastases(liver,lung,bone,brain and distant lymph nodes).We utilized chi-square test to compare the clinicopathological characteristics among different sites of metastases.We used Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank testing for survival comparisons.We employed Cox proportional model to perform multivariate analyses of the patient population;and accordingly hazard ratios with corresponding 95%CI were generated.Statistical significance was considered if a two-tailed P value<0.05 was achieved.RESULTSA total of 13233 patients with stage IV pancreatic cancer and known sites of distant metastases were identified in the period from 2010-2013 and they were included into the current analysis.Patients with isolated distant nodal involvement or lung metastases have better overall and pancreatic cancer-specific survival compared to patients with isolated liver metastases(for overall survival:lung vs liver metastases:P<0.0001;distant nodal vs liver metastases:P<0.0001)(for pancreatic cancer-specific survival:lung vs liver metastases:P<0.0001;distant nodal vs liver metastases:P<0.0001).Multivariate analysis revealed that age<65 years,white race,being married,female gender;surgery to the primary tumor and surgery to the metastatic disease were associated with better overall survival and pancreatic cancer-specific survival.CONCLUSIONPancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with isolated liver metastases have worse outcomes compared to patients with isolated lung or distant nodal metastases.Further research is needed to identify the highly selected subset of patients who may benefit from local treatment of the primary tumor and/or metastatic disease.展开更多
AIM： To compare the lifetime and annual economic burden of spectacles, contact lenses, and refractive surgery in correction of refractive errors.METHODS： This is a cross-sectional study with convenience sampling whi...AIM： To compare the lifetime and annual economic burden of spectacles, contact lenses, and refractive surgery in correction of refractive errors.METHODS： This is a cross-sectional study with convenience sampling which 120 patients were interviewed in a tertiary referral hospital in the Iranian health care system. The bottom-up based cost of illness approach was estimated using a face-to-face interview to assess the direct and indirect cost of different refractive errors correction of any correction technologies. RESULTS： Correction with spectacle imposes a total direct cost of US dollar （US$） 342.5 （±8.41） per year and US$9373.5 （±230.1） per lifetime to each patient. These figures for the contact lenses were obtained US$198.3 （±0.12） and US$5203.1 （±256.3） and for refractive surgery were obtained US$19.1 （±1.2） and US$568.1 （±64.6）, respectively. Overall, based on age-adjusted prevalence rates, astigmatism had the highest share of refractive errors economic burden with a lifetime direct cost of slightly less than US$5.49 billion, while hyperopia and myopia imposed less than US$5.24 and 4.2 billion on patients, respectively. The annually imposed cost on each individual Iranian patient with refractive errors is US$308.5. CONCLUSION： Based on 18mo post refractive surgery course observation, which is generalized to whole life, refractive surgery significantly imposed much less cost compared with spectacles and contact lenses. Refractive errors among Iranians result in considerable economic burden. Using the refractive surgery instead of other two correction methods has the ability to reduce this economic loss in the future.展开更多
This research evaluates the performance of a Phase Change Material(PCM)battery integrated into the climate system of a new transparent meeting center.The main research questions are:a.“Can the performance of the batt...This research evaluates the performance of a Phase Change Material(PCM)battery integrated into the climate system of a new transparent meeting center.The main research questions are:a.“Can the performance of the battery be calculated?”and b.“Can the battery reduce the heating and cooling energy demand in a significant way?”The first question is answered in this document.In order to be able to answer the second question,especially the way the heat loading in winter should be improved,then more research is necessary.In addition to the thermal battery,which consists of Phase Change Material plates,the climate system has a cross-flow heat exchanger and a heat pump.The battery should play a central role in closing the thermal balance of the lightweight building,which can be loaded with hot return or cold outdoor air.The temperature of the battery plates is monitored by multi-sensors and simulated by the use of PHOENICS(Computational Fluid Dynamics)and MATLAB.This paper reports reasonable agreement between the numerical predictions and the measurements,with a maximum variance of 10%.The current coefficient of performance for heating and cooling is already high,more than 27.There is scope for increasing this much further by making use of the very low-pressure difference of the battery(below 25 Pascal),low pressure fans and the ventilation system as a whole.展开更多
The present work fits into a wider investigation that I have been carrying on for my project on the peculiarities of Portuguese hip hop. Through our reflections today we would like to identify some of the effects of t...The present work fits into a wider investigation that I have been carrying on for my project on the peculiarities of Portuguese hip hop. Through our reflections today we would like to identify some of the effects of the globalizing forces that have perturbed hip-hop culture and discuss if and how these have influenced its original purposes and messages, or the nature itself of the movement. We would also like to offer our perspective on the consequences of the entrance of hip-hop music in the international marketplace since this passage represents an important moment of its history and development and one of the strongest factors of change within this culture. We will take our examples from the Lusophone, and more specifically the Portuguese, hip bop movement, having a look at what it was in the past----or at its beginning--and at what it is today, in order to understand if we can still consider it a manifestation of peripheral voices.展开更多
基金support by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22379166)Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province(2022JJ10089)Central South University Innovation-Driven Research Programme(2023CXQD034).
文摘Within the framework of carbon neutrality,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are progressively booming along with the growing utilization of green and clean energy.However,the extensive application of LIBs with limited lifespan has brought about a significant recycling dilemma.The traditional hydrometallurgical or pyrometallurgical strategies are not capable to maximize the output value of spent LIBs and minimize the potential environmental hazards.Herein,to alternate the tedious and polluting treatment processes,we propose a high-temperature molten-salt strategy to directly regenerate spent cathodes of LIBs,which can also overcome the barrier of the incomplete defects'restoration with previous low-temperature molten salts.The high-energy and stable medium environment ensures a more thorough and efficient relithiation reaction,and simultaneously provides sufficient driving force for atomic rearrangement and grains secondary growth.In consequence,the regenerated ternary cathode(R-NCM)exhibits significantly enhanced structural stability that effectively suppresses the occurrence of cracks and harmful side reactions.The R-NCM delivers excellent cycling stability,retaining 81.2%of its capacity after 200 cycles at 1 C.This technique further optimizes the traditional eutectic molten-salt approach,broadening its applicability and improving regenerated cathode performance across a wider range of conditions.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1106100)Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Advanced Metallic Materials(No.BM2007204)。
文摘Selective laser melting(SLM)has been applied to manufacture various alloy components with excellent properties,but its further application is restricted by the intrinsic defects.In this work,the internal defect distributions in samples of three alloys(316L stainless steel,AlSi10Mg and Inconel 718)were investigated respectively,considering the effects of geometrical characteristics of the samples.The defects in the 316L stainless steel sample tend to be formed densely in the central part with large wall thickness,indicating a strong sensitivity to heat accumulation.Contrarily,the Inconel 718 sample shows a higher relative density with homogeneous defect distribution,indicating better formability for the SLM process.For the AlSi10Mg sample,the defect density keeps increasing as the deposition goes on.Typically,the defect density located at sample edges shows an abnormally high level comparing with the inner part,especially in the top sections of AlSi10Mg and Inconel 718 samples.The results are helpful for the geometrical design,the adjustment of building orientation and the further optimization of process parameters in the SLM process.
文摘To evaluate the prognostic value of site-specific metastases among patients with metastatic pancreatic carcinoma registered within the Surveillance,Epidemiology and End Results(SEER)database.METHODSSEER database(2010-2013)has been queried through SEER*Stat program to determine the presentation,treatment outcomes and prognostic outcomes of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma according to the site of metastasis.In this study,metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients were classified according to the site of metastases(liver,lung,bone,brain and distant lymph nodes).We utilized chi-square test to compare the clinicopathological characteristics among different sites of metastases.We used Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank testing for survival comparisons.We employed Cox proportional model to perform multivariate analyses of the patient population;and accordingly hazard ratios with corresponding 95%CI were generated.Statistical significance was considered if a two-tailed P value<0.05 was achieved.RESULTSA total of 13233 patients with stage IV pancreatic cancer and known sites of distant metastases were identified in the period from 2010-2013 and they were included into the current analysis.Patients with isolated distant nodal involvement or lung metastases have better overall and pancreatic cancer-specific survival compared to patients with isolated liver metastases(for overall survival:lung vs liver metastases:P<0.0001;distant nodal vs liver metastases:P<0.0001)(for pancreatic cancer-specific survival:lung vs liver metastases:P<0.0001;distant nodal vs liver metastases:P<0.0001).Multivariate analysis revealed that age<65 years,white race,being married,female gender;surgery to the primary tumor and surgery to the metastatic disease were associated with better overall survival and pancreatic cancer-specific survival.CONCLUSIONPancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with isolated liver metastases have worse outcomes compared to patients with isolated lung or distant nodal metastases.Further research is needed to identify the highly selected subset of patients who may benefit from local treatment of the primary tumor and/or metastatic disease.
基金Supported partially by Hormoz Chams Research Chair in Public Health Ophthalmology,Allama Tabatabaei Award,National Elite Foundation(http://bmn.ir/)
文摘AIM： To compare the lifetime and annual economic burden of spectacles, contact lenses, and refractive surgery in correction of refractive errors.METHODS： This is a cross-sectional study with convenience sampling which 120 patients were interviewed in a tertiary referral hospital in the Iranian health care system. The bottom-up based cost of illness approach was estimated using a face-to-face interview to assess the direct and indirect cost of different refractive errors correction of any correction technologies. RESULTS： Correction with spectacle imposes a total direct cost of US dollar （US$） 342.5 （±8.41） per year and US$9373.5 （±230.1） per lifetime to each patient. These figures for the contact lenses were obtained US$198.3 （±0.12） and US$5203.1 （±256.3） and for refractive surgery were obtained US$19.1 （±1.2） and US$568.1 （±64.6）, respectively. Overall, based on age-adjusted prevalence rates, astigmatism had the highest share of refractive errors economic burden with a lifetime direct cost of slightly less than US$5.49 billion, while hyperopia and myopia imposed less than US$5.24 and 4.2 billion on patients, respectively. The annually imposed cost on each individual Iranian patient with refractive errors is US$308.5. CONCLUSION： Based on 18mo post refractive surgery course observation, which is generalized to whole life, refractive surgery significantly imposed much less cost compared with spectacles and contact lenses. Refractive errors among Iranians result in considerable economic burden. Using the refractive surgery instead of other two correction methods has the ability to reduce this economic loss in the future.
基金The project is financed via a public grant of the Rijksdienst Voor Ondernemend Nederland(RVO,https://www.rvo.nl/)within the Urban Energy 2018 Research-Line with Grant No.TEUE318008.The grant is awarded to the following consortium:The Delft University of Technology(https://www.tudelft.nl/en),Van Dorp B.V.,Hunter Douglas Europe B.V.(https://www.hunterdouglasarchitectural.eu/),Priva B.V.(https://www.priva.com/nl)and the Green Village Foundation(https://www.thegreenvillage.org/en/).
文摘This research evaluates the performance of a Phase Change Material(PCM)battery integrated into the climate system of a new transparent meeting center.The main research questions are:a.“Can the performance of the battery be calculated?”and b.“Can the battery reduce the heating and cooling energy demand in a significant way?”The first question is answered in this document.In order to be able to answer the second question,especially the way the heat loading in winter should be improved,then more research is necessary.In addition to the thermal battery,which consists of Phase Change Material plates,the climate system has a cross-flow heat exchanger and a heat pump.The battery should play a central role in closing the thermal balance of the lightweight building,which can be loaded with hot return or cold outdoor air.The temperature of the battery plates is monitored by multi-sensors and simulated by the use of PHOENICS(Computational Fluid Dynamics)and MATLAB.This paper reports reasonable agreement between the numerical predictions and the measurements,with a maximum variance of 10%.The current coefficient of performance for heating and cooling is already high,more than 27.There is scope for increasing this much further by making use of the very low-pressure difference of the battery(below 25 Pascal),low pressure fans and the ventilation system as a whole.
文摘The present work fits into a wider investigation that I have been carrying on for my project on the peculiarities of Portuguese hip hop. Through our reflections today we would like to identify some of the effects of the globalizing forces that have perturbed hip-hop culture and discuss if and how these have influenced its original purposes and messages, or the nature itself of the movement. We would also like to offer our perspective on the consequences of the entrance of hip-hop music in the international marketplace since this passage represents an important moment of its history and development and one of the strongest factors of change within this culture. We will take our examples from the Lusophone, and more specifically the Portuguese, hip bop movement, having a look at what it was in the past----or at its beginning--and at what it is today, in order to understand if we can still consider it a manifestation of peripheral voices.
