Although the International Agency for Research on Cancer declared Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)as a definite human carcinogen in 1994,the Japanese Society for Helicobacter Research only recently(February 2013)adopted ...Although the International Agency for Research on Cancer declared Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)as a definite human carcinogen in 1994,the Japanese Society for Helicobacter Research only recently(February 2013)adopted the position that H.pylori infection should be considered as an indication for either amelioration of chronic gastritis or for decreasing gastric cancer mortality.Japanese researchers have found that H.pylori eradication halts progressive mucosal damage and that successful eradication in patients with non-atrophic gastritis most likely prevents subsequent development of gastric cancer.However,those who have already developed atrophic gastritis/gastric atrophy retain potential risk factors for gastric cancer.Because chronic perpetuated progression of H.pylori-associated gastric inflammation is associated with increased morbidity culminating in gastric carcinogenesis,a non-microbial approach to treatment that provides long-term control of gastric inflammation through nutrients and other interventions may be an effective way to decrease this morbidity.This non-microbial approach might represent a new form of prerequisite"rescue"therapy that provides a quicker path to the prevention of gastric cancer as compared to simple eradication.展开更多
Gastric ulcer is a chronic disease featured with unexpected complications, including bleeding, stenosis and perforation, as well as a high incidence of recurrence. Clinical treatments for gastric ulcer have allowed th...Gastric ulcer is a chronic disease featured with unexpected complications, including bleeding, stenosis and perforation, as well as a high incidence of recurrence. Clinical treatments for gastric ulcer have allowed the rapid development of potent anti-ulcer drugs during the last several decades. Gastric ulcer healing is successful with conventional treatments including H2-receptor antagonists, and proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) have been essential for ulcer healing and prevention of complications. Additionally, Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy is effective in reducing ulcer recurrence and leads to physiological changes in the gastric mucosa which affect the ulcer healing process. However, in spite of these advancements, some patients have suf-fered from recurrence or intractability in spite of continuous anti-ulcer therapy. A new concept of the quality of ulcer healing(QOUH) was initiated that considers the reconstruction of the mucosal structure and its function for preventing ulcer recurrence. Although several gastroprotection provided these achievements of the QOUH, which PPI or other acid suppressants did not accomplish, we found that gastroprotection that originated from natural products, such as a newer formulation from either Artemisia or S-allyl cysteine from garlic, were very effective in the QOUH, as well as improving clinical symptoms with fewer side effects. In this review, we will introduce the importance of the QOUH in ulcer healing and the achievements from natural products.展开更多
The β-1,3-glucan recognition protein gene from Spodoptera exigua （SeβGRP） was cloned and characterized. The cDNA of this gene is 1？644 nucleotides in length and the predicted polypeptide is 491 amino acids （aa）...The β-1,3-glucan recognition protein gene from Spodoptera exigua （SeβGRP） was cloned and characterized. The cDNA of this gene is 1？644 nucleotides in length and the predicted polypeptide is 491 amino acids （aa） in length, with a calculated molecular mass of 54.8 kDa. The first 22 aa encode a predicted secretion signal peptide. A BLAST search, multiple sequence alignment, and phylogenetic analysis of the aa sequence of SeβGRP revealed that this protein is most similar to the β-1,3-glucan recognition protein （βGRP） family of pattern recognition proteins. Using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, we detected the presence of SeβGRP transcripts in the egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages of S. exigua. In addition, the SeβGRP transcript was expressed in all the tissues examined including the brain, hemocytes, fat body, intestine, and cuticle. There were no changes in SeβGRP mRNA levels in larvae infected with ultraviolet （UV）-killed Escherichia coli DH5α compared with the control larvae inoculated with the water; however, SeβGRP mRNA levels were markedly elevated 4–8 h after infection and slightly induced 12–24 h after infection in larvae injected with UV-killed Fusarium oxysporum. This may be because β-1,3-glucan is the main component of the cell wall of F. oxysporum, but not E. coli DH5α.展开更多
基金Supported by A Grant from the Ministry of Education and Science Technology,No.2009-0081758,South Korea
文摘Although the International Agency for Research on Cancer declared Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)as a definite human carcinogen in 1994,the Japanese Society for Helicobacter Research only recently(February 2013)adopted the position that H.pylori infection should be considered as an indication for either amelioration of chronic gastritis or for decreasing gastric cancer mortality.Japanese researchers have found that H.pylori eradication halts progressive mucosal damage and that successful eradication in patients with non-atrophic gastritis most likely prevents subsequent development of gastric cancer.However,those who have already developed atrophic gastritis/gastric atrophy retain potential risk factors for gastric cancer.Because chronic perpetuated progression of H.pylori-associated gastric inflammation is associated with increased morbidity culminating in gastric carcinogenesis,a non-microbial approach to treatment that provides long-term control of gastric inflammation through nutrients and other interventions may be an effective way to decrease this morbidity.This non-microbial approach might represent a new form of prerequisite"rescue"therapy that provides a quicker path to the prevention of gastric cancer as compared to simple eradication.
基金Supported by The National Center of Efficacy Evaluation for the Development of Health Products Targeting Digestive Disorders (NCEED) Grant (A102063) from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, South Korea
文摘Gastric ulcer is a chronic disease featured with unexpected complications, including bleeding, stenosis and perforation, as well as a high incidence of recurrence. Clinical treatments for gastric ulcer have allowed the rapid development of potent anti-ulcer drugs during the last several decades. Gastric ulcer healing is successful with conventional treatments including H2-receptor antagonists, and proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) have been essential for ulcer healing and prevention of complications. Additionally, Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy is effective in reducing ulcer recurrence and leads to physiological changes in the gastric mucosa which affect the ulcer healing process. However, in spite of these advancements, some patients have suf-fered from recurrence or intractability in spite of continuous anti-ulcer therapy. A new concept of the quality of ulcer healing(QOUH) was initiated that considers the reconstruction of the mucosal structure and its function for preventing ulcer recurrence. Although several gastroprotection provided these achievements of the QOUH, which PPI or other acid suppressants did not accomplish, we found that gastroprotection that originated from natural products, such as a newer formulation from either Artemisia or S-allyl cysteine from garlic, were very effective in the QOUH, as well as improving clinical symptoms with fewer side effects. In this review, we will introduce the importance of the QOUH in ulcer healing and the achievements from natural products.
文摘The β-1,3-glucan recognition protein gene from Spodoptera exigua （SeβGRP） was cloned and characterized. The cDNA of this gene is 1？644 nucleotides in length and the predicted polypeptide is 491 amino acids （aa） in length, with a calculated molecular mass of 54.8 kDa. The first 22 aa encode a predicted secretion signal peptide. A BLAST search, multiple sequence alignment, and phylogenetic analysis of the aa sequence of SeβGRP revealed that this protein is most similar to the β-1,3-glucan recognition protein （βGRP） family of pattern recognition proteins. Using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, we detected the presence of SeβGRP transcripts in the egg, larval, pupal, and adult stages of S. exigua. In addition, the SeβGRP transcript was expressed in all the tissues examined including the brain, hemocytes, fat body, intestine, and cuticle. There were no changes in SeβGRP mRNA levels in larvae infected with ultraviolet （UV）-killed Escherichia coli DH5α compared with the control larvae inoculated with the water; however, SeβGRP mRNA levels were markedly elevated 4–8 h after infection and slightly induced 12–24 h after infection in larvae injected with UV-killed Fusarium oxysporum. This may be because β-1,3-glucan is the main component of the cell wall of F. oxysporum, but not E. coli DH5α.
