A RadioFrequency Quadrupole(RFQ)cooler-buncher system was developed and implemented in a collinear laser spectroscopy setup.This system converts a continuous ion beam into short bunches while enhancing the beam qualit...A RadioFrequency Quadrupole(RFQ)cooler-buncher system was developed and implemented in a collinear laser spectroscopy setup.This system converts a continuous ion beam into short bunches while enhancing the beam quality and reducing the energy spread.The functionality of the RFQ cooler buncher was verified through offline tests with stable rubidium and indium beams delivered from a surface ion source and a laser ablation ion source,respectively.Bunched ion beams with a full width at half maximum of approximately 2μs in the time-of-flight spectrum were successfully achieved with a transmission efficiency exceeding 60%.The implementation of the RFQ cooler-buncher system also significantly improved the overall transmission efficiency of the collinear laser spectroscopy setup.展开更多
Ammonia(NH3)has been widely recognized as a key precursor of atmospheric secondary aerosol formation.Vehicle emission is a major source of urban atmospheric NH3.With the tightening of emission standards and the growin...Ammonia(NH3)has been widely recognized as a key precursor of atmospheric secondary aerosol formation.Vehicle emission is a major source of urban atmospheric NH3.With the tightening of emission standards and the growing trend of vehicle fleet electrification,it is imperative to update the emission factors for NH3 from real-world on-road fleets.In this study,a tunnel measurement was conducted in the urban area of Tianjin,China.The fleet-average NH3 emission factor(EF)was 11.2 mg/(km·veh),significantly lower than those in previous studies,showing the benefit of emission standard updating.Through a multiple linear regression analysis,the EFs of light-duty gasoline vehicles,light-duty diesel vehicles,and heavy-duty diesel vehicles(HDDVs)were estimated to be 5.7±0.6 mg/(km·veh),40.8±5.1 mg/(km·veh),and 160.2±16.6 mg/(km·veh),respectively.Based on the results from this study,we found that HDDVs,which comprise<3%of the total vehicles may contribute approximately 22%of total NH3 emissions in Tianjin.Our results highlight NH3 emissions from HDDVs,a previously potentially overlooked source of NH3 emissions in urban areas.The actual on-road NH3 emissions from HDDVs may exceed current expectations,posing a growing concern for the future.展开更多
MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices tak...MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices take the advantage of the exceptional electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and biocompatibility of two-dimensional MXenes to enable noninvasive,tear-based monitoring of key physiological markers such as intraocular pressure and glucose levels.Recent developments focus on the integration of transparent MXene films into the conventional lens materials,allowing multifunctional performance including photothermal therapy,antimicrobial and anti-inflammation protection,and dehydration resistance.These innovations offer promising strategies for ocular disease management and eye protection.In addition to their multifunctionality,improvements in MXene synthesis and device engineering have enhanced the stability,transparency,and wearability of these lenses.Despite these advances,challenges remain in long-term biostability,scalable production,and integration with wireless communication systems.This review summarizes the current progress,key challenges,and future directions of MXene-based smart contact lenses,highlighting their transformative potential in next-generation digital healthcare and ophthalmic care.展开更多
This study aims to achieve a synergy of strength and ductility in magnesium-based nanocomposite materials through the design of a dual-heterostructure. Utilizing ball milling and hot extrusion, a nano-TiC/AZ61 composi...This study aims to achieve a synergy of strength and ductility in magnesium-based nanocomposite materials through the design of a dual-heterostructure. Utilizing ball milling and hot extrusion, a nano-TiC/AZ61 composite featuring particle-rare coarse grain (CG) and particle-rich fine grain (FG) zones was successfully fabricated. Experimental results demonstrated that compared with the homogeneous structure, the dual-heterostructure composite achieved a significant increase in elongation by 116 % and a remarkable 165 % improvement in the strength-ductility product (SDP), while maintaining a high ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 417±4 MPa. This substantial performance enhancement is primarily attributed to the additional strain hardening induced by hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) strain hardening and crack-blunting capabilities, as elucidated by microstructural characterization and crystal plasticity finite element modeling (CPFEM). Notably, the strain hardening contribution from the CG zones at the early stage of deformation (≤ 45 % of total plastic deformation amount) is minimal but increases significantly during the subsequent deformation stages. The dislocation increment rate in CG zones (219 %) is observed to be more than double that in FG zones (95 %), attributed to the large grain size and low dislocation density in CG zones, which provide more space for dislocation storage. In addition, the aggravated deformation inhomogeneity as deformation progresses leads to an increase in geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) generation near the heterogeneous interface, thereby enhancing HDI hardening. Fracture mechanism analysis indicated that the cracks mainly initiate in the FG region and are effectively blunted upon their propagation to the CG region, necessitating increased energy consumption and indicating higher fracture toughness for the dual-heterostructure composites. This study validates the effectiveness of the dual-heterostructure design in magnesium-based composites, providing a novel understanding of the deformation mechanism through both experimental analysis and CPFEM, paving the way for the development of high-performance, lightweight structural materials.展开更多
Machine learning methodologies have been extensively leveraged across diverse domains of chemical research,yielding remarkable outcomes,and exhibit substantial potential for impactful future applications within the fi...Machine learning methodologies have been extensively leveraged across diverse domains of chemical research,yielding remarkable outcomes,and exhibit substantial potential for impactful future applications within the field of supramolecular chemistry.The recognition of alkali metal ions by crown ethers is one of the most classic and widely applied host-vip interactions in supramolecular chemistry.Due to the numerous factors affecting the host-vip interaction,it remains a great challenge to achieve fast and accurate prediction of the binding constants between crown ethers and alkali metal ions.Herein,we report a highly accurate machine learning model that can effectively predict the binding constants between crown ethers and alkali metal ions,i.e.,CrownBind-IA,with a low RMSE of 0.68 logK units.Moreover,this model proves robust extrapolative capabilities by accurately predicting out-of-sample data.The establishment of CrownBind-IA demonstrates the promising application potentials of data-driven machine learning methods in supramolecular chemistry,and it will substantially reduce the time and expense of experimental trials and characterizations,promote the exploration of the mechanism of host-vip interactions,as well as the rational design of novel functional supramolecular host molecules.展开更多
Machine learning(ML)has demon-strated significant potential in en-hancing the predictive capabilities of density functional theory methods.In this study,we develop an ML model for correcting B3LYP-D,a density function...Machine learning(ML)has demon-strated significant potential in en-hancing the predictive capabilities of density functional theory methods.In this study,we develop an ML model for correcting B3LYP-D,a density functional approximation that incorporates dispersion correc-tions for non-covalent interactions.This model utilizes semilocal elec-tron density descriptors,and is trained with accurate reference data for both relative and ab-solute energies.Extensive benchmark tests reveal that the ML correction substantially en-hances the generalization ability of the B3LYP-D functional,improving the predictions of at-omization and dissociation energies for complex molecular systems.It retains the accuracy of B3LYP-D in predicting reaction barrier heights and non-covalent interactions while enabling efficient,fully self-consistent field calculations.This work signifies a promising advancement in the development of ML-corrected functionals that surpass the performance of traditional B3LYP-D.展开更多
Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn)-metal batteries hold great promise for next-generation energy storage systems.However,their practical application is hindered by several challenges,including dendrite formation,corrosion,...Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn)-metal batteries hold great promise for next-generation energy storage systems.However,their practical application is hindered by several challenges,including dendrite formation,corrosion,and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction.To address these issues,we designed and fabricated a composite protective layer for Zn anodes by integrating carbon nanotubes(CNTs)with chitosan through a simple and scalable scraping process.The CNTs ensure uniform electric field distribution due to their high electrical conductivity,while protonated chitosan regulates ion transport and suppresses dendrite formation at the anode interface.The chitosan/CNTs composite layer also facilitates smooth Zn^(2+)deposition,enhancing the stability and reversibility of the Zn anode.As a result,the chitosan/CNTs@Zn anode demonstrates exceptional cycling stability,achieving over 3000 h of plating/stripping with minimal degradation.When paired with a V_(2)O_(5)cathode,the composite-protected anode significantly improves the cycle stability and energy density of the full cell.Techno-economic analysis confirms that batteries incorporating the chitosan/CNTs protective layer outperform those with bare Zn anodes in terms of energy density and overall performance under optimized conditions.This work provides a scalable and sustainable strategy to overcome the critical challenges of aqueous Zn-metal batteries,paving the way for their practical application in next-generation energy storage systems.展开更多
Leveraging unique resource advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to achieve innovative breakthroughs in research constitutes a core strategic imperative for its inheritance,innovation and development.At prese...Leveraging unique resource advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to achieve innovative breakthroughs in research constitutes a core strategic imperative for its inheritance,innovation and development.At present,the academic advances and scientific achievements in TCM serve as a key driving force for industry growth and advancement of the inheritance and innovation of TCM.To continuously strengthen the leading role of academic research,the China Association of Chinese Medicine(CACM)attaches great importance to the latest research directions and academic results in TCM,and spotlights key advances and emerging trends in TCM scholarship.Since 2020,CACM has conducted the selection and release of the“top 10 academic advances in traditional Chinese medicine”on a yearly basis.The selection of“top 10 academic advances in traditional Chinese medicine in 2024”prioritized research that addresses clinical needs,answers scientific questions and drives industrial development.Highlighting exploratory,forward-looking,innovative and groundbreaking achievements,the following 10 breakthroughs were selected through a process of collection,systematic review and expert evaluation:New advances in prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases with“brain-gut”cross-organ strategy,high-level evidence support for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease(CVD)continuum with TCM,important breakthrough in the research on prevention and treatment of acute radiation injury with TCM,elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying“excellent shape and high quality”variation in cultivated American ginseng through domestication,biosynthesis of trace active ingredients such as benzylisoquinoline alkaloids,pilot application of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,research technology for unelucidated constituents of TCM,new drug delivery system in TCM,and establishment and preliminary application of integrated evidence chain-based effectiveness evaluation of TCM(iEC-Eff).展开更多
The undrained mechanical behavior of unsaturated completely weathered granite(CWG)is highly susceptible to alterations in the hydraulic environment,particularly under uniaxial loading conditions,due to the unique natu...The undrained mechanical behavior of unsaturated completely weathered granite(CWG)is highly susceptible to alterations in the hydraulic environment,particularly under uniaxial loading conditions,due to the unique nature of this soil type.In this study,a series of unconfined compression tests were carried out on unsaturated CWG soil in an underground engineering site,and the effects of varying the environmental variables on the main undrained mechanical properties were analyzed.Based on the experimental results,a novel constitutive model was then established using the damage mechanics theory and the undetermined coefficient method.The results demonstrate that the curves of remolded CWG specimens with different moisture contents and dry densities exhibited diverse characteristics,including brittleness,significant softening,and ductility.As a typical indicator,the unconfined compression strength of soil specimens initially increased with an increase in moisture content and then decreased.Meanwhile,an optimal moisture content of approximately 10.5%could be observed,while a critical moisture content value of 13.0%was identified,beyond which the strength of the specimen decreases sharply.Moreover,the deformation and fracture of CWG specimens were predominantly caused by shear failure,and the ultimate failure modes were primarily influenced by moisture content rather than dry density.Furthermore,by comparing several similar models and the experimental data,the proposed model could accurately replicate the undrained mechanical characteristics of unsaturated CWG soil,and quantitatively describe the key mechanical indexes.These findings offer a valuable reference point for understanding the underlying mechanisms,anticipating potential risks,and implementing effective control measures in similar underground engineering projects.展开更多
Increased matrix stiffness of nucleus pulposus(NP)tissue is a main feature of intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)and affects various functions of nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs).Glycolysis is the main energy source fo...Increased matrix stiffness of nucleus pulposus(NP)tissue is a main feature of intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)and affects various functions of nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs).Glycolysis is the main energy source for NPC survival,but the effects and underlying mechanisms of increased extracellular matrix(ECM)stiffness on NPC glycolysis remain unknown.In this study,hydrogels with different stiffness were established to mimic the mechanical environment of NPCs.Notably,increased matrix stiffness in degenerated NP tissues from IVDD patients was accompanied with impaired glycolysis,and NPCs cultured on rigid substrates exhibited a reduction in glycolysis.展开更多
Histopathological analysis of chronic wounds is crucial for clinicians to accurately assess wound healing progress and detect potential malignancy.However,traditional pathological tissue sections require specific stai...Histopathological analysis of chronic wounds is crucial for clinicians to accurately assess wound healing progress and detect potential malignancy.However,traditional pathological tissue sections require specific staining procedures involving carcinogenic chemicals.This study proposes an interdisciplinary approach merging materials science,medicine,and artificial intelligence(AI)to develop a virtual staining technique and intelligent evaluation model based on deep learning for chronic wound tissue pathology.This innovation aims to enhance clinical diagnosis and treatment by offering personalized AI-driven therapeutic strategies.By establishing a mouse model of chronic wounds and using a series of hydrogel wound dressings,tissue pathology sections were periodically collected for manual staining and healing assessment.We focused on leveraging the pix2pix image translation framework within deep learning networks.Through CNN models implemented in Python using PyTorch,our study involves learning and feature extraction for region segmentation of pathological slides.Comparative analysis between virtual staining and manual staining results,along with healing diagnosis conclusions,aims to optimize AI models.Ultimately,this approach integrates new metrics such as image recognition,quantitative analysis,and digital diagnostics to formulate an intelligent wound assessment model,facilitating smart monitoring and personalized treatment of wounds.In blind evaluation by pathologists,minimal disparities were found between virtual and conventional histologically stained images of murine wound tissue.The evaluation used pathologists’average scores on real stained images as a benchmark.The scores for virtual stained images were 71.1%for cellular features,75.4%for tissue structures,and 77.8%for overall assessment.Metrics such as PSNR(20.265)and SSIM(0.634)demonstrated our algorithms’superior performance over existing networks.Eight pathological features such as epidermis,hair follicles,and granulation tissue can be accurately identified,and the images were found to be more faithful to the actual tissue feature distribution when compared to manually annotated data.展开更多
This research examines the dynamics of a cosh-Gaussian laser pulse travelling through a vacuum and its impact on electron acceleration. We examine the impact of several critical factors, such as laser electric field a...This research examines the dynamics of a cosh-Gaussian laser pulse travelling through a vacuum and its impact on electron acceleration. We examine the impact of several critical factors, such as laser electric field amplitude, decentered parameter, beam waist, and laser chirp parameter, on the energy gain of electrons using coupled momentum equations. Our results indicate that the energy acquisition of electrons escalates with the amplitude of the laser electric field, decentered parameter, and chirp parameter. An appropriate beam waist is essential for attaining energyefficient electron acceleration in a vacuum. Through the optimization of these parameters, we get a maximum electron energy gain of 2.80 Ge V. This study highlights the significance of customized laser pulse attributes in improving electron acceleration and aids in the progression of high-energy particle physics.展开更多
The second near-infrared window(NIR-II,900-1880 nm)overcomes critical limitations of visible(360-760 nm)and NIR-I(760-900 nm)imaging—including restricted penetration depth,low signal-to-back⁃ground ratio,and tissue a...The second near-infrared window(NIR-II,900-1880 nm)overcomes critical limitations of visible(360-760 nm)and NIR-I(760-900 nm)imaging—including restricted penetration depth,low signal-to-back⁃ground ratio,and tissue autofluorescence—establishing its pivotal role for in vivo deep-tissue bioimaging.With exponential growth in NIR-II photodiagnosis and phototherapy research over the past decade,bibliometric analy⁃sis is essential to map the evolving landscape and guide strategic priorities.We systematically analyzed 2,491 NIR-II-related publications(2009-2023)from the Web of Science Core Collection,employing scientometric tools for distinct analytical purposes:(a)VOSviewer,SCImago Graphica,and Gephi for co-authorship and co-occur⁃rence network mapping;(b)the R bibliometrix package for tracking field evolution and identifying high-impact publications/journals.The search retrieved 2491 studies from 359 journals originating from 54 countries.The country with the most published articles is China.Chinese institutions drive>60%of publications,with Stanford University(USA)and Nanyang Technological University(Singapore)ranked as the top two institutions by re⁃search quality.International cooperation is becoming increasingly frequent.Fan Quli,Tang Benzhong and Dai Hongjie are the top 3 productive authors in this field.Keyword evolution identifies"photodynamic therapy"and"immunotherapy"as pivotal future directions.We summarize the most cited literatures and NIR-II imaging clini⁃cal trials.This study delineates the NIR-II research trajectory,highlighting China's leadership,intensifying glob⁃al collaboration,and interdisciplinary convergence.Future efforts should prioritize the novel NIR-II probe devel⁃opment for NIR-II imaging and clinical translation of photodynamic/immunotherapy combinational platforms.展开更多
This article discusses the study by Xiao et al,which investigated the therapeutic efficacy of serum-free cultured human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(NhUCMSCs)in a mouse model of knee osteoarthritis.The result...This article discusses the study by Xiao et al,which investigated the therapeutic efficacy of serum-free cultured human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(NhUCMSCs)in a mouse model of knee osteoarthritis.The results showed that NhUCMSCs alleviated osteoarthritis-related cartilage damage and inflammation comparably to both serum-cultured hUCMSCs and hyaluronic acid.While these findings broaden the potential clinical utility of N-hUCMSCs by circumventing certain drawbacks of serum-based cultures,the equivalence in efficacy raises important questions.First,how do N-hUCMSCs differ phenotypically from serum-cultured hUCMSCs,particularly in terms of proliferation rate,replicative capacity,and senescence profile?Second,what advantages might N-hUCMSCs offer over hyaluronic acid-a well-established therapy-beyond avoiding xenogeneic components and ethical concerns?Future research should focus on longterm phenotypic stability,sustained functional benefits,safety profiles,and mechanistic insights to ascertain whether N-hUCMSCs can surpass current standards of care.展开更多
Poly(p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole)nanofibers(PNF),as a novel kind of nanofibers,have attracted significant attention from researchers.However,their poor ultraviolet(UV)resistance limits their potential applications.In t...Poly(p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole)nanofibers(PNF),as a novel kind of nanofibers,have attracted significant attention from researchers.However,their poor ultraviolet(UV)resistance limits their potential applications.In this work,zinc oxide(ZnO)was uniformly coated on the surface of PNF-containing polysilsesquioxane(POSS)via in-situ growth to obtain(POSS-PNF)@ZnO.Subsequently,(POSS-PNF)@ZnO wave-transparent composite paper was then fabricated using a“vacuum filtration-assisted hot-pressing”method.Based on the coordination interaction between O–Cdouble bondO groups of PNFs and ZnO,as well as the UV absorption/shielding capability of ZnO,the(POSS-PNF)@ZnO wave-transparent composite paper exhibited superior mechanical properties and UV resistance.At a hydrothermal reaction temperature of 80℃,the prepared(POSS-PNF)@ZnO wave-transparent composite paper exhibited the highest tensile strength(204.5 MPa)and toughness(12.3 MJ m^(−3)),which represents increases of 23.7%and 32.3%,respectively,compared to POSS-PNF wave-transparent paper.After 288 h of UV aging,the tensile strength retention rate was 77.4%,significantly higher than the 53.7%of POSS-PNF wave-transparent composite paper.Moreover,it exhibited excellent wave-transparent performance with a dielectric constant(ε)of 2.15 and a dielectric loss tangent(tanδ)of 0.044 at 10 GHz,resulting in a wave-transparent coefficient of 95.9%.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer,a prevalent gynecological malignancy,exhibits recurrence rates of 30%-50%post-treatment,with recurrent cases facing a dire 10%-20%long-term survival rate,severely impacting patients’mental ...BACKGROUND Cervical cancer,a prevalent gynecological malignancy,exhibits recurrence rates of 30%-50%post-treatment,with recurrent cases facing a dire 10%-20%long-term survival rate,severely impacting patients’mental health and quality of life.Fear of cancer recurrence(FCR)emerges as a critical psychological challenge,often leading to anxiety,social avoidance,and even suicidal tendencies.Despite its high prevalence,structured,evidence-based interventions for FCR in cervical cancer remain scarce,with most studies focusing on general psychological support rather than targeted strategies.The fear of progression theory provides a theoretical framework,highlighting cognitive-emotional conflicts arising from perceived threats of disease recurrence.Addressing this gap,this study developed a specialized,phased psychological intervention program grounded in fear of progression theory,aiming to reduce FCR and enhance resilience in cervical cancer survivors through multi-disciplinary strategies.AIM To establish a psychological intervention program to support the fear of cervical cancer recurrence and to alleviate the psychological pressure of patients after cervical cancer surgery.METHODS Thirteen experts were selected to conduct two rounds of correspondence through literature review and group discussions to amend the psychological intervention draft and form the basis for the psychological intervention.The selected experts also performed two rounds of correspondence to revise the psychological intervention draft and outline the first draft,and pre-experiments were conducted for further improvement of the psychological intervention program.Experiments were performed in 80 patients with cervical cancer to further improve the psychological intervention program of relapse fear support.RESULTS The expert authority coefficient of the first and second rounds was higher than 0.8,indicating high authority.The coordination coefficient>0.8 indicated high consistency with high significance(all P<0.05).The FCR Inventory,Kessler Psychological Distress Scale,Psychological Distress Thermometer,and General Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores at 3 and 6 months in the study group were lower than those of the control group,and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and Perceived Social Support Scale scores were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The psychological intervention program of relapse fear support which considers the individual differences between patients and expert opinions,has a good scientific and practical basis,and can be used to enhance the quality of life of patients.展开更多
Sacbrood virus(SBV)is one of the most pathogenic honeybee viruses with host specificity and regional variation.The SBV strain infecting the Chinese honeybee(Apis cerana)is known as Chinese sacbrood virus(CSBV).The ext...Sacbrood virus(SBV)is one of the most pathogenic honeybee viruses with host specificity and regional variation.The SBV strain infecting the Chinese honeybee(Apis cerana)is known as Chinese sacbrood virus(CSBV).The extensively used CSBV detection methods require professionals and expensive equipment;thus,they are unsuitable for rapid onsite CSBV detection.To achieve early and rapid detection of CSBV,we developed a lateral flow detection(LFD)strip method for CSBV detection via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)and the Cas13a technique.On the basis of the conserved CSBV VP2 gene nucleotide region,we designed 3 recombinant enzyme-assisted amplification(RAA)primer pairs and prepared 3 corresponding crRNAs.We investigated key performance metrics,including the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of LFD strips.The results demonstrated that the LFD strip based on the optimal combination(primer 2+crRNA 2)presented the lowest detection limit(2.80×101 copies/μL),and this strip could complete CSBV detection within 1 h.Furthermore,this strip exhibited excellent detection specificity,with no cross-reactivity with four other honeybee viruses.A test of 100 clinical samples indicated the feasibility of the LFD method for CSBV detection.A comparison of various CSBV detection methods revealed that the CRISPR-Cas13a-based LFD method was more accurate,efficient,and sensitive than the other methods were,indicating great application prospects in onsite CSBV detection.Our developed method is highly important for preventing and controlling CSBV infection as well as maintaining honeybee health.展开更多
The net primary productivity of vegetation(NPP)is an important index to evaluate the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation and land use change.Using MOD17N3HGF NPP data,climate data and night-time light data fro...The net primary productivity of vegetation(NPP)is an important index to evaluate the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation and land use change.Using MOD17N3HGF NPP data,climate data and night-time light data from 2000 to 2020,this study explored the relationship between NPP and urban expansion,land use and climate change in the Southern Part of Taihang Mountain through brightness gradient method,trend analysis,partial correlation analysis and contribution analysis.It aims to provide information support for urban and rural planning and ecological management in this region.Key findings include:Over the past 20 years,NPP in mountain areas has shown an overall fluctuating upward trend,with an“N”pattern related to altitude.The human activity area expanded by 9.9%,with expansion of highly active areas holding back NPP growth and moderately active areas contributing to it.The trend of climate change is gradually warming and wetting,and the correlation between precipitation and NPP is strong,while the correlation between temperature and NPP is weak.Compared with human activities(19.9%),precipitation was the main driver of NPP change,contributing significantly up to 79.5%.In the past 20 years,the ecological quality of the south Taihang Mountain region has improved significantly and actively responded to climate change,but human activities have led to spatial and temporal ecological differences.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus(DM)and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)are common metabolic disorders,and their coexistence can exacerbate the progression of either disease.Human umbilical cord mesenchymal...BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus(DM)and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)are common metabolic disorders,and their coexistence can exacerbate the progression of either disease.Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell(hUCMSC)therapy has shown promising potential in the treatment of several metabolic diseases.AIM To investigate how hUC-MSCs affect liver metabolism in diabetic rats with MAFLD and assess their therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms.METHODS A streptozotocin-induced rat model of DM with MAFLD was established,and hUC-MSCs were administered via tail vein injection.Changes in body weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG),and serum triglyceride(TG),alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase levels,and pathological changes of liver were evaluated.Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value of differential metabolites and their ability to predict the therapeutic effects of hUC-MSCs.Spearman correlation was employed to analyze the relationships between liver metabolites and key biochemical markers.RESULTS hUC-MSC treatment significantly reduced FBG and TG levels in diabetic rats with MAFLD and improved histological steatosis and injury in the liver.Metabolomic analysis indicated that hUC-MSCs significantly ameliorated liver metabolic disturbances via their regulatory effect on several key metabolic pathways related to carbohydrate,amino acid,and lipid metabolism.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that 70 differential metabolites had good diagnostic value for DM with MAFLD and could effectively predict the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs.Moreover,Spearman correlation analysis confirmed that significant correlations existed between differential liver metabolites and the concentrations of biochemical markers(FBG,TG,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase).CONCLUSION hUC-MSCs alleviate liver metabolic disturbances in diabetic rats with MAFLD,thereby mitigating the pathological state of DM and slowing the progression of MAFLD.展开更多
Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2(LEAP2)is a key regulator of innate immune defense in teleosts,yet the molecular basis of its chemotactic function remains largely unidentified.Boleophthalmus pectinirostris MOSP...Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2(LEAP2)is a key regulator of innate immune defense in teleosts,yet the molecular basis of its chemotactic function remains largely unidentified.Boleophthalmus pectinirostris MOSPD2(BpMOSPD2)was previously identified as a candidate receptor for BpLEAP2 in monocytes/macrophages(MO/MΦ).In the present study,BpLEAP2 stimulation was found to trigger a retromer-dependent intracellular trafficking program essential for BpMOSPD2-mediated chemotaxis.Exposure to BpLEAP2 significantly enhanced BpMO/MΦmigration and promoted the accumulation of BpMOSPD2 at the plasma membrane.Subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that BpMOSPD2 translocated from the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)to early endosomes upon BpLEAP2 stimulation,followed by redistribution to the cell surface.Blockade of ER export or knockdown of core retromer subunits(BpVPS35,BpVPS26,or BpVPS29)abolished membrane localization and attenuated BpLEAP2-induced migration.Co-immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry confirmed direct binding between BpMOSPD2 and BpVPS35,while domain-mapping indicated that this interaction was not exclusively dependent on MSP or CRAL-TRIO domains.Depletion of individual retromer components led to retention of BpMOSPD2 in early endosomes,establishing the necessity of the retromer complex for receptor recycling.Functionally,disruption of this complex eliminated the pro-migratory activity of BpLEAP2 on BpMO/MΦ.These findings identify the retromer complex as a critical regulator of BpMOSPD2 trafficking and uncover a previously unrecognized mechanism through which BpLEAP2 promotes MO/MΦmigration in teleosts.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12027809,12350007)National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2022YFA1605100,2023YFA1606403,and 2023YFE0101600)+1 种基金New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZEfunding from the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No.679038.
文摘A RadioFrequency Quadrupole(RFQ)cooler-buncher system was developed and implemented in a collinear laser spectroscopy setup.This system converts a continuous ion beam into short bunches while enhancing the beam quality and reducing the energy spread.The functionality of the RFQ cooler buncher was verified through offline tests with stable rubidium and indium beams delivered from a surface ion source and a laser ablation ion source,respectively.Bunched ion beams with a full width at half maximum of approximately 2μs in the time-of-flight spectrum were successfully achieved with a transmission efficiency exceeding 60%.The implementation of the RFQ cooler-buncher system also significantly improved the overall transmission efficiency of the collinear laser spectroscopy setup.
基金supported by the National key research and development program of China(No.2022YFE0135000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42175123)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(No.23JCJQJC00170).
文摘Ammonia(NH3)has been widely recognized as a key precursor of atmospheric secondary aerosol formation.Vehicle emission is a major source of urban atmospheric NH3.With the tightening of emission standards and the growing trend of vehicle fleet electrification,it is imperative to update the emission factors for NH3 from real-world on-road fleets.In this study,a tunnel measurement was conducted in the urban area of Tianjin,China.The fleet-average NH3 emission factor(EF)was 11.2 mg/(km·veh),significantly lower than those in previous studies,showing the benefit of emission standard updating.Through a multiple linear regression analysis,the EFs of light-duty gasoline vehicles,light-duty diesel vehicles,and heavy-duty diesel vehicles(HDDVs)were estimated to be 5.7±0.6 mg/(km·veh),40.8±5.1 mg/(km·veh),and 160.2±16.6 mg/(km·veh),respectively.Based on the results from this study,we found that HDDVs,which comprise<3%of the total vehicles may contribute approximately 22%of total NH3 emissions in Tianjin.Our results highlight NH3 emissions from HDDVs,a previously potentially overlooked source of NH3 emissions in urban areas.The actual on-road NH3 emissions from HDDVs may exceed current expectations,posing a growing concern for the future.
文摘MXene-based smart contact lenses demonstrate a cutting-edge advancement in wearable ophthalmic technology,combining real-time biosensing,therapeutic capabilities,and user comfort in a single platform.These devices take the advantage of the exceptional electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and biocompatibility of two-dimensional MXenes to enable noninvasive,tear-based monitoring of key physiological markers such as intraocular pressure and glucose levels.Recent developments focus on the integration of transparent MXene films into the conventional lens materials,allowing multifunctional performance including photothermal therapy,antimicrobial and anti-inflammation protection,and dehydration resistance.These innovations offer promising strategies for ocular disease management and eye protection.In addition to their multifunctionality,improvements in MXene synthesis and device engineering have enhanced the stability,transparency,and wearability of these lenses.Despite these advances,challenges remain in long-term biostability,scalable production,and integration with wireless communication systems.This review summarizes the current progress,key challenges,and future directions of MXene-based smart contact lenses,highlighting their transformative potential in next-generation digital healthcare and ophthalmic care.
基金support from the China Scholarship Council(No.202107000038)support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52004227,52061040,and 12222209)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No:2021M692512).
文摘This study aims to achieve a synergy of strength and ductility in magnesium-based nanocomposite materials through the design of a dual-heterostructure. Utilizing ball milling and hot extrusion, a nano-TiC/AZ61 composite featuring particle-rare coarse grain (CG) and particle-rich fine grain (FG) zones was successfully fabricated. Experimental results demonstrated that compared with the homogeneous structure, the dual-heterostructure composite achieved a significant increase in elongation by 116 % and a remarkable 165 % improvement in the strength-ductility product (SDP), while maintaining a high ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 417±4 MPa. This substantial performance enhancement is primarily attributed to the additional strain hardening induced by hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) strain hardening and crack-blunting capabilities, as elucidated by microstructural characterization and crystal plasticity finite element modeling (CPFEM). Notably, the strain hardening contribution from the CG zones at the early stage of deformation (≤ 45 % of total plastic deformation amount) is minimal but increases significantly during the subsequent deformation stages. The dislocation increment rate in CG zones (219 %) is observed to be more than double that in FG zones (95 %), attributed to the large grain size and low dislocation density in CG zones, which provide more space for dislocation storage. In addition, the aggravated deformation inhomogeneity as deformation progresses leads to an increase in geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) generation near the heterogeneous interface, thereby enhancing HDI hardening. Fracture mechanism analysis indicated that the cracks mainly initiate in the FG region and are effectively blunted upon their propagation to the CG region, necessitating increased energy consumption and indicating higher fracture toughness for the dual-heterostructure composites. This study validates the effectiveness of the dual-heterostructure design in magnesium-based composites, providing a novel understanding of the deformation mechanism through both experimental analysis and CPFEM, paving the way for the development of high-performance, lightweight structural materials.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22193020 and 22193022)the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32301691)+4 种基金Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Programthe financial support of the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2023RC3188)the financial support of the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2022RC1112)the Elite Youth Program by the Department of Education of Hunan Province(No.21B0666)the financial support of the Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department(No.24C0380)。
文摘Machine learning methodologies have been extensively leveraged across diverse domains of chemical research,yielding remarkable outcomes,and exhibit substantial potential for impactful future applications within the field of supramolecular chemistry.The recognition of alkali metal ions by crown ethers is one of the most classic and widely applied host-vip interactions in supramolecular chemistry.Due to the numerous factors affecting the host-vip interaction,it remains a great challenge to achieve fast and accurate prediction of the binding constants between crown ethers and alkali metal ions.Herein,we report a highly accurate machine learning model that can effectively predict the binding constants between crown ethers and alkali metal ions,i.e.,CrownBind-IA,with a low RMSE of 0.68 logK units.Moreover,this model proves robust extrapolative capabilities by accurately predicting out-of-sample data.The establishment of CrownBind-IA demonstrates the promising application potentials of data-driven machine learning methods in supramolecular chemistry,and it will substantially reduce the time and expense of experimental trials and characterizations,promote the exploration of the mechanism of host-vip interactions,as well as the rational design of novel functional supramolecular host molecules.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22393912,22425301,22373091,22173088)the AI for Science Foundation of Fudan University(No.Fudan X24AI023)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0450101).
文摘Machine learning(ML)has demon-strated significant potential in en-hancing the predictive capabilities of density functional theory methods.In this study,we develop an ML model for correcting B3LYP-D,a density functional approximation that incorporates dispersion correc-tions for non-covalent interactions.This model utilizes semilocal elec-tron density descriptors,and is trained with accurate reference data for both relative and ab-solute energies.Extensive benchmark tests reveal that the ML correction substantially en-hances the generalization ability of the B3LYP-D functional,improving the predictions of at-omization and dissociation energies for complex molecular systems.It retains the accuracy of B3LYP-D in predicting reaction barrier heights and non-covalent interactions while enabling efficient,fully self-consistent field calculations.This work signifies a promising advancement in the development of ML-corrected functionals that surpass the performance of traditional B3LYP-D.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22279139,62227815,22465026,22469015)the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1504500)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(2024JQ06,2022MS2010,2024MS05005)Inner Mongolia University Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project(11200-5223737)。
文摘Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn)-metal batteries hold great promise for next-generation energy storage systems.However,their practical application is hindered by several challenges,including dendrite formation,corrosion,and the competing hydrogen evolution reaction.To address these issues,we designed and fabricated a composite protective layer for Zn anodes by integrating carbon nanotubes(CNTs)with chitosan through a simple and scalable scraping process.The CNTs ensure uniform electric field distribution due to their high electrical conductivity,while protonated chitosan regulates ion transport and suppresses dendrite formation at the anode interface.The chitosan/CNTs composite layer also facilitates smooth Zn^(2+)deposition,enhancing the stability and reversibility of the Zn anode.As a result,the chitosan/CNTs@Zn anode demonstrates exceptional cycling stability,achieving over 3000 h of plating/stripping with minimal degradation.When paired with a V_(2)O_(5)cathode,the composite-protected anode significantly improves the cycle stability and energy density of the full cell.Techno-economic analysis confirms that batteries incorporating the chitosan/CNTs protective layer outperform those with bare Zn anodes in terms of energy density and overall performance under optimized conditions.This work provides a scalable and sustainable strategy to overcome the critical challenges of aqueous Zn-metal batteries,paving the way for their practical application in next-generation energy storage systems.
基金supported by the Project of Map of Scientific and Technological Talents in the Field of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.XMSB20240923106).
文摘Leveraging unique resource advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to achieve innovative breakthroughs in research constitutes a core strategic imperative for its inheritance,innovation and development.At present,the academic advances and scientific achievements in TCM serve as a key driving force for industry growth and advancement of the inheritance and innovation of TCM.To continuously strengthen the leading role of academic research,the China Association of Chinese Medicine(CACM)attaches great importance to the latest research directions and academic results in TCM,and spotlights key advances and emerging trends in TCM scholarship.Since 2020,CACM has conducted the selection and release of the“top 10 academic advances in traditional Chinese medicine”on a yearly basis.The selection of“top 10 academic advances in traditional Chinese medicine in 2024”prioritized research that addresses clinical needs,answers scientific questions and drives industrial development.Highlighting exploratory,forward-looking,innovative and groundbreaking achievements,the following 10 breakthroughs were selected through a process of collection,systematic review and expert evaluation:New advances in prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases with“brain-gut”cross-organ strategy,high-level evidence support for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease(CVD)continuum with TCM,important breakthrough in the research on prevention and treatment of acute radiation injury with TCM,elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying“excellent shape and high quality”variation in cultivated American ginseng through domestication,biosynthesis of trace active ingredients such as benzylisoquinoline alkaloids,pilot application of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,research technology for unelucidated constituents of TCM,new drug delivery system in TCM,and establishment and preliminary application of integrated evidence chain-based effectiveness evaluation of TCM(iEC-Eff).
基金Project(42202318)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(252300421199)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,ChinaProject(2024JJ6219)supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘The undrained mechanical behavior of unsaturated completely weathered granite(CWG)is highly susceptible to alterations in the hydraulic environment,particularly under uniaxial loading conditions,due to the unique nature of this soil type.In this study,a series of unconfined compression tests were carried out on unsaturated CWG soil in an underground engineering site,and the effects of varying the environmental variables on the main undrained mechanical properties were analyzed.Based on the experimental results,a novel constitutive model was then established using the damage mechanics theory and the undetermined coefficient method.The results demonstrate that the curves of remolded CWG specimens with different moisture contents and dry densities exhibited diverse characteristics,including brittleness,significant softening,and ductility.As a typical indicator,the unconfined compression strength of soil specimens initially increased with an increase in moisture content and then decreased.Meanwhile,an optimal moisture content of approximately 10.5%could be observed,while a critical moisture content value of 13.0%was identified,beyond which the strength of the specimen decreases sharply.Moreover,the deformation and fracture of CWG specimens were predominantly caused by shear failure,and the ultimate failure modes were primarily influenced by moisture content rather than dry density.Furthermore,by comparing several similar models and the experimental data,the proposed model could accurately replicate the undrained mechanical characteristics of unsaturated CWG soil,and quantitatively describe the key mechanical indexes.These findings offer a valuable reference point for understanding the underlying mechanisms,anticipating potential risks,and implementing effective control measures in similar underground engineering projects.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.82002345 to J.D and 81902179 to L.S)the Gusu Talent Program(No.Qngg2022008 and GSWS2021027 to J.D)the Preliminary Research Project of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University(No.SDFEYBS1905 to J.D).
文摘Increased matrix stiffness of nucleus pulposus(NP)tissue is a main feature of intervertebral disc degeneration(IVDD)and affects various functions of nucleus pulposus cells(NPCs).Glycolysis is the main energy source for NPC survival,but the effects and underlying mechanisms of increased extracellular matrix(ECM)stiffness on NPC glycolysis remain unknown.In this study,hydrogels with different stiffness were established to mimic the mechanical environment of NPCs.Notably,increased matrix stiffness in degenerated NP tissues from IVDD patients was accompanied with impaired glycolysis,and NPCs cultured on rigid substrates exhibited a reduction in glycolysis.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20720230037)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52273305)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(No.2023J05012)State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases,Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory(Nos.2023XAKJ0103071,2023XAKJ0102061)Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(No.3502Z20227010).
文摘Histopathological analysis of chronic wounds is crucial for clinicians to accurately assess wound healing progress and detect potential malignancy.However,traditional pathological tissue sections require specific staining procedures involving carcinogenic chemicals.This study proposes an interdisciplinary approach merging materials science,medicine,and artificial intelligence(AI)to develop a virtual staining technique and intelligent evaluation model based on deep learning for chronic wound tissue pathology.This innovation aims to enhance clinical diagnosis and treatment by offering personalized AI-driven therapeutic strategies.By establishing a mouse model of chronic wounds and using a series of hydrogel wound dressings,tissue pathology sections were periodically collected for manual staining and healing assessment.We focused on leveraging the pix2pix image translation framework within deep learning networks.Through CNN models implemented in Python using PyTorch,our study involves learning and feature extraction for region segmentation of pathological slides.Comparative analysis between virtual staining and manual staining results,along with healing diagnosis conclusions,aims to optimize AI models.Ultimately,this approach integrates new metrics such as image recognition,quantitative analysis,and digital diagnostics to formulate an intelligent wound assessment model,facilitating smart monitoring and personalized treatment of wounds.In blind evaluation by pathologists,minimal disparities were found between virtual and conventional histologically stained images of murine wound tissue.The evaluation used pathologists’average scores on real stained images as a benchmark.The scores for virtual stained images were 71.1%for cellular features,75.4%for tissue structures,and 77.8%for overall assessment.Metrics such as PSNR(20.265)and SSIM(0.634)demonstrated our algorithms’superior performance over existing networks.Eight pathological features such as epidermis,hair follicles,and granulation tissue can be accurately identified,and the images were found to be more faithful to the actual tissue feature distribution when compared to manually annotated data.
文摘This research examines the dynamics of a cosh-Gaussian laser pulse travelling through a vacuum and its impact on electron acceleration. We examine the impact of several critical factors, such as laser electric field amplitude, decentered parameter, beam waist, and laser chirp parameter, on the energy gain of electrons using coupled momentum equations. Our results indicate that the energy acquisition of electrons escalates with the amplitude of the laser electric field, decentered parameter, and chirp parameter. An appropriate beam waist is essential for attaining energyefficient electron acceleration in a vacuum. Through the optimization of these parameters, we get a maximum electron energy gain of 2.80 Ge V. This study highlights the significance of customized laser pulse attributes in improving electron acceleration and aids in the progression of high-energy particle physics.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81874059 and 82102105)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ22H160017)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M702825).
文摘The second near-infrared window(NIR-II,900-1880 nm)overcomes critical limitations of visible(360-760 nm)and NIR-I(760-900 nm)imaging—including restricted penetration depth,low signal-to-back⁃ground ratio,and tissue autofluorescence—establishing its pivotal role for in vivo deep-tissue bioimaging.With exponential growth in NIR-II photodiagnosis and phototherapy research over the past decade,bibliometric analy⁃sis is essential to map the evolving landscape and guide strategic priorities.We systematically analyzed 2,491 NIR-II-related publications(2009-2023)from the Web of Science Core Collection,employing scientometric tools for distinct analytical purposes:(a)VOSviewer,SCImago Graphica,and Gephi for co-authorship and co-occur⁃rence network mapping;(b)the R bibliometrix package for tracking field evolution and identifying high-impact publications/journals.The search retrieved 2491 studies from 359 journals originating from 54 countries.The country with the most published articles is China.Chinese institutions drive>60%of publications,with Stanford University(USA)and Nanyang Technological University(Singapore)ranked as the top two institutions by re⁃search quality.International cooperation is becoming increasingly frequent.Fan Quli,Tang Benzhong and Dai Hongjie are the top 3 productive authors in this field.Keyword evolution identifies"photodynamic therapy"and"immunotherapy"as pivotal future directions.We summarize the most cited literatures and NIR-II imaging clini⁃cal trials.This study delineates the NIR-II research trajectory,highlighting China's leadership,intensifying glob⁃al collaboration,and interdisciplinary convergence.Future efforts should prioritize the novel NIR-II probe devel⁃opment for NIR-II imaging and clinical translation of photodynamic/immunotherapy combinational platforms.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,No.24ZR1459300(to Xiao-Ting Liang)and the Pyramid Talent Project,No.YQ677(to Yue Ding).
文摘This article discusses the study by Xiao et al,which investigated the therapeutic efficacy of serum-free cultured human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(NhUCMSCs)in a mouse model of knee osteoarthritis.The results showed that NhUCMSCs alleviated osteoarthritis-related cartilage damage and inflammation comparably to both serum-cultured hUCMSCs and hyaluronic acid.While these findings broaden the potential clinical utility of N-hUCMSCs by circumventing certain drawbacks of serum-based cultures,the equivalence in efficacy raises important questions.First,how do N-hUCMSCs differ phenotypically from serum-cultured hUCMSCs,particularly in terms of proliferation rate,replicative capacity,and senescence profile?Second,what advantages might N-hUCMSCs offer over hyaluronic acid-a well-established therapy-beyond avoiding xenogeneic components and ethical concerns?Future research should focus on longterm phenotypic stability,sustained functional benefits,safety profiles,and mechanistic insights to ascertain whether N-hUCMSCs can surpass current standards of care.
基金funding from the Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52373089 and 52403085)the Startup Foundation of Chongqing Normal University(No.23XLB011)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(No.KJQN202300561)Undergraduate Innovation&Business Program in Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.S202410699657)。
文摘Poly(p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole)nanofibers(PNF),as a novel kind of nanofibers,have attracted significant attention from researchers.However,their poor ultraviolet(UV)resistance limits their potential applications.In this work,zinc oxide(ZnO)was uniformly coated on the surface of PNF-containing polysilsesquioxane(POSS)via in-situ growth to obtain(POSS-PNF)@ZnO.Subsequently,(POSS-PNF)@ZnO wave-transparent composite paper was then fabricated using a“vacuum filtration-assisted hot-pressing”method.Based on the coordination interaction between O–Cdouble bondO groups of PNFs and ZnO,as well as the UV absorption/shielding capability of ZnO,the(POSS-PNF)@ZnO wave-transparent composite paper exhibited superior mechanical properties and UV resistance.At a hydrothermal reaction temperature of 80℃,the prepared(POSS-PNF)@ZnO wave-transparent composite paper exhibited the highest tensile strength(204.5 MPa)and toughness(12.3 MJ m^(−3)),which represents increases of 23.7%and 32.3%,respectively,compared to POSS-PNF wave-transparent paper.After 288 h of UV aging,the tensile strength retention rate was 77.4%,significantly higher than the 53.7%of POSS-PNF wave-transparent composite paper.Moreover,it exhibited excellent wave-transparent performance with a dielectric constant(ε)of 2.15 and a dielectric loss tangent(tanδ)of 0.044 at 10 GHz,resulting in a wave-transparent coefficient of 95.9%.
文摘BACKGROUND Cervical cancer,a prevalent gynecological malignancy,exhibits recurrence rates of 30%-50%post-treatment,with recurrent cases facing a dire 10%-20%long-term survival rate,severely impacting patients’mental health and quality of life.Fear of cancer recurrence(FCR)emerges as a critical psychological challenge,often leading to anxiety,social avoidance,and even suicidal tendencies.Despite its high prevalence,structured,evidence-based interventions for FCR in cervical cancer remain scarce,with most studies focusing on general psychological support rather than targeted strategies.The fear of progression theory provides a theoretical framework,highlighting cognitive-emotional conflicts arising from perceived threats of disease recurrence.Addressing this gap,this study developed a specialized,phased psychological intervention program grounded in fear of progression theory,aiming to reduce FCR and enhance resilience in cervical cancer survivors through multi-disciplinary strategies.AIM To establish a psychological intervention program to support the fear of cervical cancer recurrence and to alleviate the psychological pressure of patients after cervical cancer surgery.METHODS Thirteen experts were selected to conduct two rounds of correspondence through literature review and group discussions to amend the psychological intervention draft and form the basis for the psychological intervention.The selected experts also performed two rounds of correspondence to revise the psychological intervention draft and outline the first draft,and pre-experiments were conducted for further improvement of the psychological intervention program.Experiments were performed in 80 patients with cervical cancer to further improve the psychological intervention program of relapse fear support.RESULTS The expert authority coefficient of the first and second rounds was higher than 0.8,indicating high authority.The coordination coefficient>0.8 indicated high consistency with high significance(all P<0.05).The FCR Inventory,Kessler Psychological Distress Scale,Psychological Distress Thermometer,and General Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores at 3 and 6 months in the study group were lower than those of the control group,and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 and Perceived Social Support Scale scores were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The psychological intervention program of relapse fear support which considers the individual differences between patients and expert opinions,has a good scientific and practical basis,and can be used to enhance the quality of life of patients.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(NO.2022YFD1600202)the Lush Mountain Public Welfare Protection Action of the China Environmental Protection Foundation(CEPFQS202169-14).
文摘Sacbrood virus(SBV)is one of the most pathogenic honeybee viruses with host specificity and regional variation.The SBV strain infecting the Chinese honeybee(Apis cerana)is known as Chinese sacbrood virus(CSBV).The extensively used CSBV detection methods require professionals and expensive equipment;thus,they are unsuitable for rapid onsite CSBV detection.To achieve early and rapid detection of CSBV,we developed a lateral flow detection(LFD)strip method for CSBV detection via clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)and the Cas13a technique.On the basis of the conserved CSBV VP2 gene nucleotide region,we designed 3 recombinant enzyme-assisted amplification(RAA)primer pairs and prepared 3 corresponding crRNAs.We investigated key performance metrics,including the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of LFD strips.The results demonstrated that the LFD strip based on the optimal combination(primer 2+crRNA 2)presented the lowest detection limit(2.80×101 copies/μL),and this strip could complete CSBV detection within 1 h.Furthermore,this strip exhibited excellent detection specificity,with no cross-reactivity with four other honeybee viruses.A test of 100 clinical samples indicated the feasibility of the LFD method for CSBV detection.A comparison of various CSBV detection methods revealed that the CRISPR-Cas13a-based LFD method was more accurate,efficient,and sensitive than the other methods were,indicating great application prospects in onsite CSBV detection.Our developed method is highly important for preventing and controlling CSBV infection as well as maintaining honeybee health.
基金funded by NSFC Regional Innovation Development Joint Fund Key Project(U21A20108)General Project of Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(242300421365)+3 种基金Support Plan for Technological Innovation Teams in Henan Province’s Higher Education Institutions(22IRTSTHN008)General Project for Humanities and Social Sciences in Higher Education Institutions of Henan Province(2024ZZJH147)Co-fundedResearch Program of“Double First-class”Creation Project of Surveying and Mapping Science and Technology Discipline(GCCYJ202401).
文摘The net primary productivity of vegetation(NPP)is an important index to evaluate the carbon sequestration capacity of vegetation and land use change.Using MOD17N3HGF NPP data,climate data and night-time light data from 2000 to 2020,this study explored the relationship between NPP and urban expansion,land use and climate change in the Southern Part of Taihang Mountain through brightness gradient method,trend analysis,partial correlation analysis and contribution analysis.It aims to provide information support for urban and rural planning and ecological management in this region.Key findings include:Over the past 20 years,NPP in mountain areas has shown an overall fluctuating upward trend,with an“N”pattern related to altitude.The human activity area expanded by 9.9%,with expansion of highly active areas holding back NPP growth and moderately active areas contributing to it.The trend of climate change is gradually warming and wetting,and the correlation between precipitation and NPP is strong,while the correlation between temperature and NPP is weak.Compared with human activities(19.9%),precipitation was the main driver of NPP change,contributing significantly up to 79.5%.In the past 20 years,the ecological quality of the south Taihang Mountain region has improved significantly and actively responded to climate change,but human activities have led to spatial and temporal ecological differences.
基金Supported by the National Key Specialty Major Scientific Research Project of the Hunan Provincial Health Commission,No.Z2023158.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus(DM)and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)are common metabolic disorders,and their coexistence can exacerbate the progression of either disease.Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell(hUCMSC)therapy has shown promising potential in the treatment of several metabolic diseases.AIM To investigate how hUC-MSCs affect liver metabolism in diabetic rats with MAFLD and assess their therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms.METHODS A streptozotocin-induced rat model of DM with MAFLD was established,and hUC-MSCs were administered via tail vein injection.Changes in body weight,fasting blood glucose(FBG),and serum triglyceride(TG),alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase levels,and pathological changes of liver were evaluated.Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value of differential metabolites and their ability to predict the therapeutic effects of hUC-MSCs.Spearman correlation was employed to analyze the relationships between liver metabolites and key biochemical markers.RESULTS hUC-MSC treatment significantly reduced FBG and TG levels in diabetic rats with MAFLD and improved histological steatosis and injury in the liver.Metabolomic analysis indicated that hUC-MSCs significantly ameliorated liver metabolic disturbances via their regulatory effect on several key metabolic pathways related to carbohydrate,amino acid,and lipid metabolism.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that 70 differential metabolites had good diagnostic value for DM with MAFLD and could effectively predict the therapeutic effect of hUC-MSCs.Moreover,Spearman correlation analysis confirmed that significant correlations existed between differential liver metabolites and the concentrations of biochemical markers(FBG,TG,alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase).CONCLUSION hUC-MSCs alleviate liver metabolic disturbances in diabetic rats with MAFLD,thereby mitigating the pathological state of DM and slowing the progression of MAFLD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32173004)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ23C190001)。
文摘Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2(LEAP2)is a key regulator of innate immune defense in teleosts,yet the molecular basis of its chemotactic function remains largely unidentified.Boleophthalmus pectinirostris MOSPD2(BpMOSPD2)was previously identified as a candidate receptor for BpLEAP2 in monocytes/macrophages(MO/MΦ).In the present study,BpLEAP2 stimulation was found to trigger a retromer-dependent intracellular trafficking program essential for BpMOSPD2-mediated chemotaxis.Exposure to BpLEAP2 significantly enhanced BpMO/MΦmigration and promoted the accumulation of BpMOSPD2 at the plasma membrane.Subcellular fractionation and immunofluorescence analyses revealed that BpMOSPD2 translocated from the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)to early endosomes upon BpLEAP2 stimulation,followed by redistribution to the cell surface.Blockade of ER export or knockdown of core retromer subunits(BpVPS35,BpVPS26,or BpVPS29)abolished membrane localization and attenuated BpLEAP2-induced migration.Co-immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry confirmed direct binding between BpMOSPD2 and BpVPS35,while domain-mapping indicated that this interaction was not exclusively dependent on MSP or CRAL-TRIO domains.Depletion of individual retromer components led to retention of BpMOSPD2 in early endosomes,establishing the necessity of the retromer complex for receptor recycling.Functionally,disruption of this complex eliminated the pro-migratory activity of BpLEAP2 on BpMO/MΦ.These findings identify the retromer complex as a critical regulator of BpMOSPD2 trafficking and uncover a previously unrecognized mechanism through which BpLEAP2 promotes MO/MΦmigration in teleosts.
