Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has been established as one of the most promising novel cancer therapies with fewer side-effects and enhanced efficacy compared to the currently available conventional treatments.However,its a...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has been established as one of the most promising novel cancer therapies with fewer side-effects and enhanced efficacy compared to the currently available conventional treatments.However,its application has been hindered by the limitations that photosensitizers(PS)have.The combination of PS with metallic nanoparticles like platinum nanoparticles(PtNPs),can help to overcome these intrinsic drawbacks.In this work,the combination of PtNPs and the natural photosensitizer riboflavin(RF)is proposed.PtNPs are synthesized using RF(Pt@RF)as reducing and stabilizing agent in a one-step method,obtaining nanoparticles with mesoporous structure for UV triggered PDT.In view of possible future UV irradiation treatments,the degradation products of RF,ribitol(RB)and lumichrome(LC),this last being a photosensitizing byproduct,are also employed for the synthesis of porous PtNPs,obtaining Pt@LC and Pt@RB.When administered in vitro to lung cancer cells,all the samples elicit a strong decrease of cell viability and a decrease of intracellular ATP levels.The antitumoral effect of both Pt@RF and Pt@LC is triggered by UV-A irradiation.This antitumoral activity is caused by the induction of oxidative stress,shown in our study by the decrease in intracellular glutathione and increased expression of antioxidant enzymes.展开更多
The lower part of Fahdene Formation outcropping in northeastern Tunisia is repre- sented by pelagic sequences and characterized by an important siliciclastic fraction that includes ra- diolarian and organic-rich beds ...The lower part of Fahdene Formation outcropping in northeastern Tunisia is repre- sented by pelagic sequences and characterized by an important siliciclastic fraction that includes ra- diolarian and organic-rich beds of Allam Member. Litho-biostratigraphic analysis based on planktic foraminifera and radiolaria shows that deposition of organic-rich beds of Allam Member is confined to the Microhedbergella rischi Zone through the lower part of Ticinella primula Zone. Age diagnostic radiolaria recovered from these beds has been identified to constrain a direct age of black shale depo- sition. The assemblages can be correlated with the radiolarian biochronozone U.A.10-11 indicating an Early Albian to early Middle Albian in age. Radiolarian assemblages composed of species characteris- tic of U.A.10 biochronozone （A. montisserei, D. gracilis） are associated with radiolarian taxa belonging to Costata Zone （U.A.9 Pseudoeucyrtis hanni and Thanarla pseudodecora）, which can be correlated with Dercourt Member in the Ionian Zone and Paquier level of the Vocontian Basin （southeast of France）. Biostratigraphic and abundance curves analysis has demonstrated significant diversification of cryptocephalic Nassellaria and Archaeodictyomitrae, probably adapted to eutrophic conditions that characterized the Aptian-Albian transition. Ecological conditions may have governed the stratigraphic range of many cosmopolitan taxa （i.e., Pseudodictyomitrae lodogaensis） compared with stratigraphic distributions schemes reported from other domains. The timing of black shales deposition was dia- chronic due to local geodynamic conditions and upwelling currents distribution. The Allam black shales are correlative with the oceanic anoxic event OAElb which is characterized by the widespread of supraregionnally organic-rich beds in the Mediterranean Tethys basins across the Aptian-Albian transition.展开更多
Corrosion protection afforded by a magnesium coating treated in cerium salt solution on steel substrate was investigated using open circuit potential, polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （...Corrosion protection afforded by a magnesium coating treated in cerium salt solution on steel substrate was investigated using open circuit potential, polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） in 0.005 M sodium chloride solution （NaCl）. The morphology of the surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The cerium treated coating was obtained by immersion in CeCl3 solution. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of the treated magnesium coating was improved. The corrosion potential of the treated coating was found to be nobler than that of the untreated magnesium coating and the corrosion current decreased significantly. Impedance results showed that the cerium treatment increased corrosion protection. The improvement of anti-corrosion properties was attributed to the formation of cerium oxides and hydroxides that gave rise to a physical barrier effect.展开更多
Cerium conversion treatment was applied on magnesium coatings in a solution containing CeC13. The composition ot the cenum conversion layer on magnesium was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）,...Cerium conversion treatment was applied on magnesium coatings in a solution containing CeC13. The composition ot the cenum conversion layer on magnesium was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, It was revealed that the composition predominately consisted of a three-valent state cerium compound with a relative abundance around 90%. Some of Ce^3＋ was oxidized to Ce^4＋. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results revealed that the total impedance of cerium-treated samples increased for a short immersion time in NaC1 solution before coating deteriorating. This deterioration was due to the coating porosity increasing and the breakdown of the conversion layer展开更多
The implementation of artificial intelligence(AI)in a smart society,in which the analysis of human habits is mandatory,requires automated data scheduling and analysis using smart applications,a smart infrastructure,sm...The implementation of artificial intelligence(AI)in a smart society,in which the analysis of human habits is mandatory,requires automated data scheduling and analysis using smart applications,a smart infrastructure,smart systems,and a smart network.In this context,which is characterized by a large gap between training and operative processes,a dedicated method is required to manage and extract the massive amount of data and the related information mining.The method presented in this work aims to reduce this gap with near-zero-failure advanced diagnostics(AD)for smart management,which is exploitable in any context of Society 5.0,thus reducing the risk factors at all management levels and ensuring quality and sustainability.We have also developed innovative applications for a humancentered management system to support scheduling in the maintenance of operative processes,for reducing training costs,for improving production yield,and for creating a human–machine cyberspace for smart infrastructure design.The results obtained in 12 international companies demonstrate a possible global standardization of operative processes,leading to the design of a near-zero-failure intelligent system that is able to learn and upgrade itself.Our new method provides guidance for selecting the new generation of intelligent manufacturing and smart systems in order to optimize human–machine interactions,with the related smart maintenance and education.展开更多
Truffle mycelia exhibit a complex interaction pattern with host plants and have been extensively studied over the last years as a source of new bioactive compounds. Fungal enzymes possess a wide use in food industry, ...Truffle mycelia exhibit a complex interaction pattern with host plants and have been extensively studied over the last years as a source of new bioactive compounds. Fungal enzymes possess a wide use in food industry, confectionaries, textiles and leather industries in order to simplify the processing of raw materials. They are often more stable than enzymes derived from other sources. Tuber maculatum and Tuber aestivum mycelia were tested for enzymes production in Petri dishes solid medium conditions. The results showed that Tuber maculatum produced seven extracellular enzymes (amylase, xylanase, laccase, lipase, peroxidase, cellulase and catalase) while Tuber aestivum produced only three enzymes (amylase, peroxidase and catalase).展开更多
This research is focused on the analysis of the sequence stratigraphic units of F3 Block,within a wave-dominated delta of Plio–Pleistocene age.Three wells of F3 block and a 3D seismic data,are utilized in this resear...This research is focused on the analysis of the sequence stratigraphic units of F3 Block,within a wave-dominated delta of Plio–Pleistocene age.Three wells of F3 block and a 3D seismic data,are utilized in this research.The conventional techniques of 3D seismic interpretation were utilized to mark the 11 surfaces on the seismic section.Integration of seismic sequence stratigraphic interpretation,using well logs,and subsequent 3D geostatistical modeling,using seismic data,aided to evaluate the shallow hydrocarbon traps.The resulting models were obtained using System Tract and Facies models,which were generated by using sequential stimulation method and their variograms made by spherical method,moreover,these models are validated via histograms.The CDF curve generated from upscaling of well logs using geometric method,shows a good relation with less percentage of errors(1 to 2 for Facies and 3 to 4 for System Tract models)between upscaled and raw data that complements the resulted models.These approaches help us to delineate the best possible reservoir,lateral extent of system tracts(LST and/or HST)in the respective surface,and distribution of sand and shale in the delta.The clinoform break points alteration observed on seismic sections,also validates the sequence stratigraphic interpretation.The GR log-based Facies model and sequence stratigraphy-based System Tract model of SU-04-2 showed the reservoir characteristics,presence of sand bodies and majorly LST,respectively,mainly adjacent to the main fault of the studied area.Moreover,on the seismic section,SU-04-2 exhibits the presence of gas pockets at the same location that also complements the generated Facies and System Tract models.The generated models can be utilized for any similar kind of study and for the further research in the F3 block reservoir characterization.展开更多
About 10%-15% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease develop Barrett’s esophagus. This is considered a premalignant condition because it can progress from metaplasia to high-grade dysplasia, and eventually ...About 10%-15% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease develop Barrett’s esophagus. This is considered a premalignant condition because it can progress from metaplasia to high-grade dysplasia, and eventually to adenocarcinoma. Recently, major advances have been made in the endoscopic treatment of Barrett’s esophagus, therefore limiting the role of surgery in the treatment of this disease.展开更多
The paper is focused on the ship hull safety problems related to the longitudinal strength of the ship during design, construction and service in context of International Goal-Based Ship Construction Standards carried...The paper is focused on the ship hull safety problems related to the longitudinal strength of the ship during design, construction and service in context of International Goal-Based Ship Construction Standards carried out by International Maritime Organization (IMO). The study underscores the importance of ship longitudinal strength for prevention of theirs losses, mentioning the most important measures taken by IMO for improvement of ship safety. In the work, a critical analysis of the methodology of the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) for calculation of sectional efforts induced by waves in ship’s hull is described. Finally, a calculation base proposal for improvement the efforts on quasi-static layout of the ship on wave is performed.展开更多
Abstract *Corresponding author. In this paper, the electrical properties of heterojunction solar cells thin film n-CdS/p-CdTe from dielectric model have been studied. Based on the expression of the minority, carriers ...Abstract *Corresponding author. In this paper, the electrical properties of heterojunction solar cells thin film n-CdS/p-CdTe from dielectric model have been studied. Based on the expression of the minority, carriers density in the p-CdTe base of solar cell, the photocurrent density and that of the photo voltage are determined according to the cell dimensions, doping levels, the absorption coefficient, the solar irradiance and the temperature, etc. Fitting using Mathcad and Origin Lab software on the photocurrent and the photovoltage of the n-CdS/p-CdTe enabled to determine the series, shunt resistance and the maximum power point. The results obtained, in good agreement with experimental results, allow operating simulations for optimizing maximum outputs parameters (I<sub>p</sub>, V<sub>p</sub>). Thereafter, it is proposed a type of photovoltaic generator module with a good command of the design parameters for better efficiency.展开更多
A new kind of hydrophobic crude oil sorbent was successfully developed by grafting kenaf shive with styrene monomer. In this paper, crude oil sorbents were developed through regeneration method by varying the initiato...A new kind of hydrophobic crude oil sorbent was successfully developed by grafting kenaf shive with styrene monomer. In this paper, crude oil sorbents were developed through regeneration method by varying the initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle sizes in the range of 0.5 - 2.5 wt%, 0.5 - 2.0 wt % and 125 - 1000 μm respectively. This research approach for the development of crude oil sorbent from graft modified kenaf shive/core and the aforementioned variable optimization has not been reported. The effect studies of the individual and combine factors were carried out using a statistical experimental design matrix using five-level central composite design (CCD). Respond surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise and develop equations of the aforementioned variables (initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle sizes). The optimal swelling capacity of 616% and 267% lower retention were achieved at initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle size of 12.5 wt%, 1.50 wt% and 562 μm respectively. TGA-DTA, XRD and BET analysis were carried out on optimised sample and, FTIR was carried on both unmodified (UG) and optimized sorbent. Further computations were done for grafting efficiency (GE), homopolymers and density. The findings display the effect of the three variables and navigation equations were generated for further investigations on them. However, the results show the feasibility and robustness of facile oil sorption.展开更多
Tuber aestivum/uncinatum has been widely used as food, food additives, and traditional medicine. Truffles are extremely perishable with a short postharvest life quality requiring a special handling for marketing in or...Tuber aestivum/uncinatum has been widely used as food, food additives, and traditional medicine. Truffles are extremely perishable with a short postharvest life quality requiring a special handling for marketing in order to delay its deterioration. This study aimed to assess the effects of different sanitizing methods on superficial Tuber aestivium quality ascocarp. The results showed that the best treatment was obtained by immersing the Truffle ascocarps in boiling water for 1 or 2 min where counts of total mesophilic microoraganisms (TMM) were respectively 81 and 7 CFU per g of dry Truffle ascocarps biomass, respectively. However, the highest TMM was obtained after rinsing Truffle ascocarps in 2% NaOH where recovery was 108 CFU per g of dry Truffle ascocarps biomass. Treatments applied to disinfect Truffle ascocarps were classified by increasing degree of efficiency as follows to reduce the microbial load expressed in CFU/g: Dipping in boiling water (2 min) 7 ± 3.41;dipping in boiling water (1 min) 81 ± 25.8, rinsing with alcohol 2.102 ± 13;rinsing with tap water 6.103 ± 36;rinsing with H2O2 6.104 ± 2;brushing 2.105 ± 28 and rinsing with NaOH 108 ± 15.展开更多
This paper investigates the effect of the introduction of an irrigation technique on the technical efficiency of olive production in a sample of olive-growing farms in Tunisia, estimating the Cobb-Douglas form of stoc...This paper investigates the effect of the introduction of an irrigation technique on the technical efficiency of olive production in a sample of olive-growing farms in Tunisia, estimating the Cobb-Douglas form of stochastic frontier production function. Results indicate that estimated technical efficiency scores vary, ranging from a minimum of 3.0% to a maximum of 91.2% with a mean value of 61.2%. This suggests that olive-growing farms in Tunisia can increase their production on average by 38.8% through more efficient use of technology and inputs. The introduction of irrigation increased productivity, however, the estimated technical efficiency of irrigated olive farms varies across farms and they are less efficient than non-irrigated farms. This finding suggests that the introduction of irrigation to non-irrigated farms has the potential to increase production levels, however, the current production of the irrigated farms is far from the ＂best practice frontier＂ that realizes maximum possible output. Accumulation of experience and knowledge by farm owners and selection of olive cultivar significantly contribute to improving technical efficiency.展开更多
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of corticosteroids on histamine release and to compare their potency with the MacKenzie classification based on their vasoconstrictor effects. Thanks to ex Vivo cut...The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of corticosteroids on histamine release and to compare their potency with the MacKenzie classification based on their vasoconstrictor effects. Thanks to ex Vivo cutaneous microdialysis, we studied histamine-induced release over a period of time on excised abdominal skin from women. Eight corticosteroids were topically applied with occlusive dressing onto the skin, above probes, before anti-IgE injection. Histamine levels were assessed by an EIA method. In order to compare the different corticosteroids, AUC was calculated allowing an estimation of the amount of released histamine for 60 min of ex vivo cutaneous microdialysis. Diflucortolone 0.1% and micronized betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% are considered as corticosteroids with high potency in MacKenzie classification. Betamethasone dipropionate associated with propylene glycol 0.05%, belongs to a stronger class in Mackenzie classification. Our results showed that the decrease in histamine release was more important with difluocortolone than with both of these corticosteroids. Therefore there was no correlation between the vasoconstrictor potency of topical corticosteroids and their ability to inhibit histamine release.展开更多
A randomized, monocentric, double-blind, intra-individual excipient-controlled comparative study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of an active peptide (laminin 5 fragment [LN-5]) formulated in cosm...A randomized, monocentric, double-blind, intra-individual excipient-controlled comparative study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of an active peptide (laminin 5 fragment [LN-5]) formulated in cosmetic balm, versus excipient in inter-toe cracks. Two products were tested on 10 healthy volunteers. Each of them suffered from this particular superficial wound characterized by a peeling off a skin tab between at least two inter-toe spaces. The duration of this study belonged of 28 days with an intermediate visit to D14. Initial and outcome evaluation was performed using a 4-grade-scale depending on the severity of the inter-toe cracks. Tolerance and healing were assessed using macrophotographs. At D14 and D 28, the difference of cure between the 2 treatments was in favor of the peptide active product. The clinical score showed a best efficiency of the active compared with the excipient;indeed a significant difference between D28 and D0 was observed for the active ingredient. Active product repairs more quickly inter-toes cracks than the excipient and we noted the complete disappearance of the “severe” and “moderate” stages from the 14th day. This study showed clearly a fast (in 14 days) and beneficial effect of the application of LN-5 compared with the excipient, on the cutaneous repair of inter-toes cracks. Since LN-5 fragment is capable of producing immediate biological activity and reinforcing the dermal-epidermal junction, it can accelerate tissue repair.展开更多
In this study, filters are used to extract directional tectonic lineaments and, thus, to reveal the presence of faults or fractures in the satellite images. The extraction process consists first in eliminating other d...In this study, filters are used to extract directional tectonic lineaments and, thus, to reveal the presence of faults or fractures in the satellite images. The extraction process consists first in eliminating other different types of lineaments (e.g. the lithological limit, ridgelines, hydrographic network, roads, etc.). Besides, a comparative and quantitative approach is applied to show that when the directional Prewitt filter has a zero setting of the opposite of the assumed direction, as is the case of the N-S direction, the East-West direction is also set to zero. This research work, based on a bidirectional filter (N-S;E-W), shows satisfactory results especially concerning the quantitative fluctuation of lineament directions by interval. This fluctuation is in perfect agreement with the lineaments provided by the digitizing of the different tectonic accidents directions extracted in a GIS environment from the geological map of Grombalia. In this research work, a quantitative approach was used to evaluate the result of the lineament extraction methodology based on one direction analysis and by an interval of directions. Indeed, the N45 lineament direction, well documented in the geological study of the region, was more clearly distinguished by applying the Prewitt filter than by using the Sobel filter. The result was validated by comparison with the results obtained by the digitization of the tectonic accidents mapped on the geological map.展开更多
<strong><em>Introduction:</em></strong> Several studies demonstrate the effects of the oral supplementations on the skin while there are limited data for their effects on the nail quality in he...<strong><em>Introduction:</em></strong> Several studies demonstrate the effects of the oral supplementations on the skin while there are limited data for their effects on the nail quality in healthy individuals. Only placebo controlled double blind studies could provide the reliable data considering the physiologic nail growth. <strong><em>Objective:</em></strong> The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of consumption of a micronutrient supplementation on linear nail growth and thickness. <strong><em>Subjects and Method:</em></strong> 60 healthy female volunteers aged 35 to 65 years old were enrolled, randomized blindly in treatment and placebo groups, taking one tablet per day for 3 months. The evaluation was performed on D0 and D90 ± 3 days by measuring the linear nail growth, nail thickness by high frequency ultrasound imaging and also subjects’ self-assessment. <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> All 60 subjects finished the study without any serious adverse event. At D90 both groups revealed a significant linear nail growth (5.20 ± 0.35 for treatment group (p = 0.001) and 5.15 ± 0.30 for placebo group (p = 0.001)). However, the difference between the treatment and placebo group was statistically significant (p = 0.01) demonstrating the efficacy of oral supplementation on linear nail growth. No significant difference was observed at D90 for nail thickness measured with HFUS between 2 groups. The self-assessment score regarding ?brittle nails? and ?split nails? was diminished non-significantly in both groups. <strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong> The results observed in this trial revealed that the oral micronutrient supplementation can provide beneficial effect on nail growth. This result may be due to the whole formula as the single vitamin treatment like biotin was shown to be non-effective. A longer study would be needed to confirm the efficacy on nail thickness.展开更多
基金funded by the Horizon Europe Project"PERSEUS"(No.101099423)financed by the Ministry of Universities under application 33.50.460A.752by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR through a contract Margarita Salas from Universidade de Vigo.
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has been established as one of the most promising novel cancer therapies with fewer side-effects and enhanced efficacy compared to the currently available conventional treatments.However,its application has been hindered by the limitations that photosensitizers(PS)have.The combination of PS with metallic nanoparticles like platinum nanoparticles(PtNPs),can help to overcome these intrinsic drawbacks.In this work,the combination of PtNPs and the natural photosensitizer riboflavin(RF)is proposed.PtNPs are synthesized using RF(Pt@RF)as reducing and stabilizing agent in a one-step method,obtaining nanoparticles with mesoporous structure for UV triggered PDT.In view of possible future UV irradiation treatments,the degradation products of RF,ribitol(RB)and lumichrome(LC),this last being a photosensitizing byproduct,are also employed for the synthesis of porous PtNPs,obtaining Pt@LC and Pt@RB.When administered in vitro to lung cancer cells,all the samples elicit a strong decrease of cell viability and a decrease of intracellular ATP levels.The antitumoral effect of both Pt@RF and Pt@LC is triggered by UV-A irradiation.This antitumoral activity is caused by the induction of oxidative stress,shown in our study by the decrease in intracellular glutathione and increased expression of antioxidant enzymes.
基金supported by the«le Ministère de L’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique» and «Centre des recherches des technologies des eaux–CERTE»
文摘The lower part of Fahdene Formation outcropping in northeastern Tunisia is repre- sented by pelagic sequences and characterized by an important siliciclastic fraction that includes ra- diolarian and organic-rich beds of Allam Member. Litho-biostratigraphic analysis based on planktic foraminifera and radiolaria shows that deposition of organic-rich beds of Allam Member is confined to the Microhedbergella rischi Zone through the lower part of Ticinella primula Zone. Age diagnostic radiolaria recovered from these beds has been identified to constrain a direct age of black shale depo- sition. The assemblages can be correlated with the radiolarian biochronozone U.A.10-11 indicating an Early Albian to early Middle Albian in age. Radiolarian assemblages composed of species characteris- tic of U.A.10 biochronozone （A. montisserei, D. gracilis） are associated with radiolarian taxa belonging to Costata Zone （U.A.9 Pseudoeucyrtis hanni and Thanarla pseudodecora）, which can be correlated with Dercourt Member in the Ionian Zone and Paquier level of the Vocontian Basin （southeast of France）. Biostratigraphic and abundance curves analysis has demonstrated significant diversification of cryptocephalic Nassellaria and Archaeodictyomitrae, probably adapted to eutrophic conditions that characterized the Aptian-Albian transition. Ecological conditions may have governed the stratigraphic range of many cosmopolitan taxa （i.e., Pseudodictyomitrae lodogaensis） compared with stratigraphic distributions schemes reported from other domains. The timing of black shales deposition was dia- chronic due to local geodynamic conditions and upwelling currents distribution. The Allam black shales are correlative with the oceanic anoxic event OAElb which is characterized by the widespread of supraregionnally organic-rich beds in the Mediterranean Tethys basins across the Aptian-Albian transition.
文摘Corrosion protection afforded by a magnesium coating treated in cerium salt solution on steel substrate was investigated using open circuit potential, polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） in 0.005 M sodium chloride solution （NaCl）. The morphology of the surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The cerium treated coating was obtained by immersion in CeCl3 solution. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of the treated magnesium coating was improved. The corrosion potential of the treated coating was found to be nobler than that of the untreated magnesium coating and the corrosion current decreased significantly. Impedance results showed that the cerium treatment increased corrosion protection. The improvement of anti-corrosion properties was attributed to the formation of cerium oxides and hydroxides that gave rise to a physical barrier effect.
文摘Cerium conversion treatment was applied on magnesium coatings in a solution containing CeC13. The composition ot the cenum conversion layer on magnesium was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）, It was revealed that the composition predominately consisted of a three-valent state cerium compound with a relative abundance around 90%. Some of Ce^3＋ was oxidized to Ce^4＋. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results revealed that the total impedance of cerium-treated samples increased for a short immersion time in NaC1 solution before coating deteriorating. This deterioration was due to the coating porosity increasing and the breakdown of the conversion layer
文摘The implementation of artificial intelligence(AI)in a smart society,in which the analysis of human habits is mandatory,requires automated data scheduling and analysis using smart applications,a smart infrastructure,smart systems,and a smart network.In this context,which is characterized by a large gap between training and operative processes,a dedicated method is required to manage and extract the massive amount of data and the related information mining.The method presented in this work aims to reduce this gap with near-zero-failure advanced diagnostics(AD)for smart management,which is exploitable in any context of Society 5.0,thus reducing the risk factors at all management levels and ensuring quality and sustainability.We have also developed innovative applications for a humancentered management system to support scheduling in the maintenance of operative processes,for reducing training costs,for improving production yield,and for creating a human–machine cyberspace for smart infrastructure design.The results obtained in 12 international companies demonstrate a possible global standardization of operative processes,leading to the design of a near-zero-failure intelligent system that is able to learn and upgrade itself.Our new method provides guidance for selecting the new generation of intelligent manufacturing and smart systems in order to optimize human–machine interactions,with the related smart maintenance and education.
文摘Truffle mycelia exhibit a complex interaction pattern with host plants and have been extensively studied over the last years as a source of new bioactive compounds. Fungal enzymes possess a wide use in food industry, confectionaries, textiles and leather industries in order to simplify the processing of raw materials. They are often more stable than enzymes derived from other sources. Tuber maculatum and Tuber aestivum mycelia were tested for enzymes production in Petri dishes solid medium conditions. The results showed that Tuber maculatum produced seven extracellular enzymes (amylase, xylanase, laccase, lipase, peroxidase, cellulase and catalase) while Tuber aestivum produced only three enzymes (amylase, peroxidase and catalase).
文摘This research is focused on the analysis of the sequence stratigraphic units of F3 Block,within a wave-dominated delta of Plio–Pleistocene age.Three wells of F3 block and a 3D seismic data,are utilized in this research.The conventional techniques of 3D seismic interpretation were utilized to mark the 11 surfaces on the seismic section.Integration of seismic sequence stratigraphic interpretation,using well logs,and subsequent 3D geostatistical modeling,using seismic data,aided to evaluate the shallow hydrocarbon traps.The resulting models were obtained using System Tract and Facies models,which were generated by using sequential stimulation method and their variograms made by spherical method,moreover,these models are validated via histograms.The CDF curve generated from upscaling of well logs using geometric method,shows a good relation with less percentage of errors(1 to 2 for Facies and 3 to 4 for System Tract models)between upscaled and raw data that complements the resulted models.These approaches help us to delineate the best possible reservoir,lateral extent of system tracts(LST and/or HST)in the respective surface,and distribution of sand and shale in the delta.The clinoform break points alteration observed on seismic sections,also validates the sequence stratigraphic interpretation.The GR log-based Facies model and sequence stratigraphy-based System Tract model of SU-04-2 showed the reservoir characteristics,presence of sand bodies and majorly LST,respectively,mainly adjacent to the main fault of the studied area.Moreover,on the seismic section,SU-04-2 exhibits the presence of gas pockets at the same location that also complements the generated Facies and System Tract models.The generated models can be utilized for any similar kind of study and for the further research in the F3 block reservoir characterization.
文摘About 10%-15% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease develop Barrett’s esophagus. This is considered a premalignant condition because it can progress from metaplasia to high-grade dysplasia, and eventually to adenocarcinoma. Recently, major advances have been made in the endoscopic treatment of Barrett’s esophagus, therefore limiting the role of surgery in the treatment of this disease.
文摘The paper is focused on the ship hull safety problems related to the longitudinal strength of the ship during design, construction and service in context of International Goal-Based Ship Construction Standards carried out by International Maritime Organization (IMO). The study underscores the importance of ship longitudinal strength for prevention of theirs losses, mentioning the most important measures taken by IMO for improvement of ship safety. In the work, a critical analysis of the methodology of the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) for calculation of sectional efforts induced by waves in ship’s hull is described. Finally, a calculation base proposal for improvement the efforts on quasi-static layout of the ship on wave is performed.
文摘Abstract *Corresponding author. In this paper, the electrical properties of heterojunction solar cells thin film n-CdS/p-CdTe from dielectric model have been studied. Based on the expression of the minority, carriers density in the p-CdTe base of solar cell, the photocurrent density and that of the photo voltage are determined according to the cell dimensions, doping levels, the absorption coefficient, the solar irradiance and the temperature, etc. Fitting using Mathcad and Origin Lab software on the photocurrent and the photovoltage of the n-CdS/p-CdTe enabled to determine the series, shunt resistance and the maximum power point. The results obtained, in good agreement with experimental results, allow operating simulations for optimizing maximum outputs parameters (I<sub>p</sub>, V<sub>p</sub>). Thereafter, it is proposed a type of photovoltaic generator module with a good command of the design parameters for better efficiency.
文摘A new kind of hydrophobic crude oil sorbent was successfully developed by grafting kenaf shive with styrene monomer. In this paper, crude oil sorbents were developed through regeneration method by varying the initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle sizes in the range of 0.5 - 2.5 wt%, 0.5 - 2.0 wt % and 125 - 1000 μm respectively. This research approach for the development of crude oil sorbent from graft modified kenaf shive/core and the aforementioned variable optimization has not been reported. The effect studies of the individual and combine factors were carried out using a statistical experimental design matrix using five-level central composite design (CCD). Respond surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimise and develop equations of the aforementioned variables (initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle sizes). The optimal swelling capacity of 616% and 267% lower retention were achieved at initiator concentration, monomer ratio and particle size of 12.5 wt%, 1.50 wt% and 562 μm respectively. TGA-DTA, XRD and BET analysis were carried out on optimised sample and, FTIR was carried on both unmodified (UG) and optimized sorbent. Further computations were done for grafting efficiency (GE), homopolymers and density. The findings display the effect of the three variables and navigation equations were generated for further investigations on them. However, the results show the feasibility and robustness of facile oil sorption.
文摘Tuber aestivum/uncinatum has been widely used as food, food additives, and traditional medicine. Truffles are extremely perishable with a short postharvest life quality requiring a special handling for marketing in order to delay its deterioration. This study aimed to assess the effects of different sanitizing methods on superficial Tuber aestivium quality ascocarp. The results showed that the best treatment was obtained by immersing the Truffle ascocarps in boiling water for 1 or 2 min where counts of total mesophilic microoraganisms (TMM) were respectively 81 and 7 CFU per g of dry Truffle ascocarps biomass, respectively. However, the highest TMM was obtained after rinsing Truffle ascocarps in 2% NaOH where recovery was 108 CFU per g of dry Truffle ascocarps biomass. Treatments applied to disinfect Truffle ascocarps were classified by increasing degree of efficiency as follows to reduce the microbial load expressed in CFU/g: Dipping in boiling water (2 min) 7 ± 3.41;dipping in boiling water (1 min) 81 ± 25.8, rinsing with alcohol 2.102 ± 13;rinsing with tap water 6.103 ± 36;rinsing with H2O2 6.104 ± 2;brushing 2.105 ± 28 and rinsing with NaOH 108 ± 15.
文摘This paper investigates the effect of the introduction of an irrigation technique on the technical efficiency of olive production in a sample of olive-growing farms in Tunisia, estimating the Cobb-Douglas form of stochastic frontier production function. Results indicate that estimated technical efficiency scores vary, ranging from a minimum of 3.0% to a maximum of 91.2% with a mean value of 61.2%. This suggests that olive-growing farms in Tunisia can increase their production on average by 38.8% through more efficient use of technology and inputs. The introduction of irrigation increased productivity, however, the estimated technical efficiency of irrigated olive farms varies across farms and they are less efficient than non-irrigated farms. This finding suggests that the introduction of irrigation to non-irrigated farms has the potential to increase production levels, however, the current production of the irrigated farms is far from the ＂best practice frontier＂ that realizes maximum possible output. Accumulation of experience and knowledge by farm owners and selection of olive cultivar significantly contribute to improving technical efficiency.
文摘The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of corticosteroids on histamine release and to compare their potency with the MacKenzie classification based on their vasoconstrictor effects. Thanks to ex Vivo cutaneous microdialysis, we studied histamine-induced release over a period of time on excised abdominal skin from women. Eight corticosteroids were topically applied with occlusive dressing onto the skin, above probes, before anti-IgE injection. Histamine levels were assessed by an EIA method. In order to compare the different corticosteroids, AUC was calculated allowing an estimation of the amount of released histamine for 60 min of ex vivo cutaneous microdialysis. Diflucortolone 0.1% and micronized betamethasone dipropionate 0.05% are considered as corticosteroids with high potency in MacKenzie classification. Betamethasone dipropionate associated with propylene glycol 0.05%, belongs to a stronger class in Mackenzie classification. Our results showed that the decrease in histamine release was more important with difluocortolone than with both of these corticosteroids. Therefore there was no correlation between the vasoconstrictor potency of topical corticosteroids and their ability to inhibit histamine release.
文摘A randomized, monocentric, double-blind, intra-individual excipient-controlled comparative study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of an active peptide (laminin 5 fragment [LN-5]) formulated in cosmetic balm, versus excipient in inter-toe cracks. Two products were tested on 10 healthy volunteers. Each of them suffered from this particular superficial wound characterized by a peeling off a skin tab between at least two inter-toe spaces. The duration of this study belonged of 28 days with an intermediate visit to D14. Initial and outcome evaluation was performed using a 4-grade-scale depending on the severity of the inter-toe cracks. Tolerance and healing were assessed using macrophotographs. At D14 and D 28, the difference of cure between the 2 treatments was in favor of the peptide active product. The clinical score showed a best efficiency of the active compared with the excipient;indeed a significant difference between D28 and D0 was observed for the active ingredient. Active product repairs more quickly inter-toes cracks than the excipient and we noted the complete disappearance of the “severe” and “moderate” stages from the 14th day. This study showed clearly a fast (in 14 days) and beneficial effect of the application of LN-5 compared with the excipient, on the cutaneous repair of inter-toes cracks. Since LN-5 fragment is capable of producing immediate biological activity and reinforcing the dermal-epidermal junction, it can accelerate tissue repair.
文摘In this study, filters are used to extract directional tectonic lineaments and, thus, to reveal the presence of faults or fractures in the satellite images. The extraction process consists first in eliminating other different types of lineaments (e.g. the lithological limit, ridgelines, hydrographic network, roads, etc.). Besides, a comparative and quantitative approach is applied to show that when the directional Prewitt filter has a zero setting of the opposite of the assumed direction, as is the case of the N-S direction, the East-West direction is also set to zero. This research work, based on a bidirectional filter (N-S;E-W), shows satisfactory results especially concerning the quantitative fluctuation of lineament directions by interval. This fluctuation is in perfect agreement with the lineaments provided by the digitizing of the different tectonic accidents directions extracted in a GIS environment from the geological map of Grombalia. In this research work, a quantitative approach was used to evaluate the result of the lineament extraction methodology based on one direction analysis and by an interval of directions. Indeed, the N45 lineament direction, well documented in the geological study of the region, was more clearly distinguished by applying the Prewitt filter than by using the Sobel filter. The result was validated by comparison with the results obtained by the digitization of the tectonic accidents mapped on the geological map.
文摘<strong><em>Introduction:</em></strong> Several studies demonstrate the effects of the oral supplementations on the skin while there are limited data for their effects on the nail quality in healthy individuals. Only placebo controlled double blind studies could provide the reliable data considering the physiologic nail growth. <strong><em>Objective:</em></strong> The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of consumption of a micronutrient supplementation on linear nail growth and thickness. <strong><em>Subjects and Method:</em></strong> 60 healthy female volunteers aged 35 to 65 years old were enrolled, randomized blindly in treatment and placebo groups, taking one tablet per day for 3 months. The evaluation was performed on D0 and D90 ± 3 days by measuring the linear nail growth, nail thickness by high frequency ultrasound imaging and also subjects’ self-assessment. <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> All 60 subjects finished the study without any serious adverse event. At D90 both groups revealed a significant linear nail growth (5.20 ± 0.35 for treatment group (p = 0.001) and 5.15 ± 0.30 for placebo group (p = 0.001)). However, the difference between the treatment and placebo group was statistically significant (p = 0.01) demonstrating the efficacy of oral supplementation on linear nail growth. No significant difference was observed at D90 for nail thickness measured with HFUS between 2 groups. The self-assessment score regarding ?brittle nails? and ?split nails? was diminished non-significantly in both groups. <strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong> The results observed in this trial revealed that the oral micronutrient supplementation can provide beneficial effect on nail growth. This result may be due to the whole formula as the single vitamin treatment like biotin was shown to be non-effective. A longer study would be needed to confirm the efficacy on nail thickness.
