The dislike food preferences that children registered regarding vegetables and fish compromise the exposure to those iodine sources and may contribute to cause a nutritional deficiency in this micronutrient, causing s...The dislike food preferences that children registered regarding vegetables and fish compromise the exposure to those iodine sources and may contribute to cause a nutritional deficiency in this micronutrient, causing serious damage of the brain and the central nervous system. Functional foods are becoming well-established in the market, focused on by an adult consumer more interested in healthy eating habits but without the motivation to optimize natural food preparation or to promote a wide variety of food in their diet. This article presents evidence of a new functional product concept, 100% vegetable, fermented soya based and salted by a red algae, that was approved by 900 parents who chose the sensorial features: distinctive aroma (57.9%), soft texture (38.4%), sausage shape (21%) and attractive color (77.9%). Three different varieties were developed: carrot (50% w/w), sugar-beet (50% w/w) and tomato (40% w/w) mini sausages, with tofu (20% w/w) and 0.8 % (w/w) of seaweed, reflecting trends that the younger consumer demands. The sensorial tests performed, after quality control assays, received very satisfactory acceptance by the potential buyer.展开更多
The synthesis of an extracellular protease by Bacillus sp. HTS102—a wild strain recently isolated from the wool of Portuguese Merino ewes, was optimized. This protease is thermostable and particularly resistant to ha...The synthesis of an extracellular protease by Bacillus sp. HTS102—a wild strain recently isolated from the wool of Portuguese Merino ewes, was optimized. This protease is thermostable and particularly resistant to harsh environmental conditions—and appears to bear a unique ability to hydrolyze keratin-rich solid materials. Following a preliminary screening for the most relevant medium factors involved in processing, a fractional factorial design (2VI6-1) was applied to ascertain the effects of six relevant parameters—viz. yeast extract concentration, peptone level, inoculum size, stirring rate, temperature and pH. The concentrations of yeast extract and peptone, as well as the incubation temperature and pH were found to play significant roles;and the 2-factor interaction between yeast extract level and pH was also significant. A 2.2-fold increase in the overall level of protease synthesis was eventually attained, with the improved medium relative to the basal medium—which is noteworthy when compared with competing proteases and previous optimization efforts.展开更多
Salinity is a serious threat to agricultural production. Potato （Solanum tuberosum） is an important food crop characterised for having low to moderate salinity tolerance. Tissue cultures may be relevant to improve s...Salinity is a serious threat to agricultural production. Potato （Solanum tuberosum） is an important food crop characterised for having low to moderate salinity tolerance. Tissue cultures may be relevant to improve salt tolerance in potato through selection of salt-tolerant cell lines and subsequent regeneration of plants. In this work, the authors used the random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） markers to investigate the occurrence of genetic polymorphism in a potato calli line tolerant to 150 mM NaCI. Out of 40 primers screened, eight generated polymorphic patterns that distinguished salt-tolerant line from the control. Although the macroscopic appearance was similar in both lines, ultrastructural study revealed alterations in salt-grown cells. These showed that plastids less differentiated with a lower number of grana had more and larger starch grains than control cells. In conclusion, RAPD analysis revealed that NaCl-adapted line is a somaclonal variant and the ultrastructural study showed changes essentially at the plastids.展开更多
Gelatin(G)is a commonly used natural biomaterial owing to its good biocompatibility and easy availability.However,using pure gelatin as a bioink can barely achieve an ideal shape fidelity in 3D printing.In this study,...Gelatin(G)is a commonly used natural biomaterial owing to its good biocompatibility and easy availability.However,using pure gelatin as a bioink can barely achieve an ideal shape fidelity in 3D printing.In this study,Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin nanofibers(ASFNFs)with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid(RGD)peptide and partial natural silk structure are extracted and combined with pure gelatin bioink to simultaneously improve the shape fidelity and cytocompatibility of corresponding 3D printed scaffold.Results show that the optimum printing temperature is 30℃ for these bioinks.The printed filaments using 16G/4ASFNFs bioink(16wt%gelatin and 4wt%ASFNFs)demonstrate better morphology and larger pore size than those printed by pure gelatin bioink(20G,20wt%gelatin),thus successfully improve the shape fidelity and porosity of the 3D printed scaffold.The 16G/4ASFNFs scaffold also demonstrate higher swelling ratio and faster degradation rate than the pure gelatin scaffold.Moreover,the cell viability and proliferation ability of Schwann cells cultured on the 16G/4ASFNFs scaffold are significantly superior than those cultured on the pure 20G scaffold.The ASFNFs enhanced 16G/4ASFNFs scaffold reported here are expected to be a candidate with excellent potential for biomedical applications.展开更多
Acute liver failure(ALF)has a mortality rate of more than 40%.Currently,orthotopic liver transplantation is the sole clinical treatment for ALF,but its wide usage is severely limited due to donor shortage and immunolo...Acute liver failure(ALF)has a mortality rate of more than 40%.Currently,orthotopic liver transplantation is the sole clinical treatment for ALF,but its wide usage is severely limited due to donor shortage and immunological rejection.An emerging and promising technology for ALF treatment is liver tissue engineering(LTE),wherein porous scaffolds serve as a crucial component.Nanofiber scaffolds,which mimic the inherent structures of fibrous extracellular matrix well,provide an ideal environment for cell growth and tissue regeneration.Recently,several functional nanofiber scaffolds for LTE have been developed,which show impressive results in regulating cell function and repairing liver injury when combined with appropriate seeding cells and/or growth factors.This review firstly introduces the etiologies and treatment indicators of ALF.Subsequently,typical fabrication technologies of nanofiber scaffolds and their related applications for function regulation of liver-related cells and treatment of ALF are comprehensively summarized.Particular emphasis is placed on the strategies involving an appropriate combination of suitable seeding cells and growth factors.Finally,the current challenges and the future research and development prospects of nanofiber scaffold-based LTE are discussed.This review will serve as a valuable reference for designing and modifying novel nanofiber scaffolds,further promoting their potential application in LTE and other biomedical fields.展开更多
Enzymatic whey proteins concentrates (WPC) hydrolysis under optimal conditions of ficin crude extract (FCE) in two ratios E/S (0.5 and 1%) was studied,assessing the impact of hydrolysis on WPC by determination degree ...Enzymatic whey proteins concentrates (WPC) hydrolysis under optimal conditions of ficin crude extract (FCE) in two ratios E/S (0.5 and 1%) was studied,assessing the impact of hydrolysis on WPC by determination degree of hydrolysis (DH),Fast proteins liquid chromatography (FPLC),Tricine SDS-PAGE,antioxidant activity at sampling time beside,and technological properties (solubility,emulsifying activity index (EAI) and foaming activity (FA)) at the best condition (maximum DH and antioxidant activity) other side.Results showed,in the first 30 min,DH reached 22.76% at E/S (1%) with a total degradation of α-lactalbumin (α-La) and almost of β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg).A significant increase in antioxidant activity and solubility was observed,while not for EAI,and FA.These results indicate for the first time that β-Lg is susceptible to hydrolyse by FCE that rarely found for other enzymes.Ficin hydrolysates showed very relevant performance,and suggest that could be appropriate production of functional ingredients.展开更多
Studies on bioactive lipids have been increasing in the last years due to their proven health benefits.The purpose of this research work was to develop a yogurt with bioactive lipids with anti-obesity potential.For th...Studies on bioactive lipids have been increasing in the last years due to their proven health benefits.The purpose of this research work was to develop a yogurt with bioactive lipids with anti-obesity potential.For this purpose,yogurts were produced with avocado oil in free form or encapsulated as a bigel.The presence of avocado oil enhanced the nutritional quality of yogurts through a reduction(more than 75%)of their atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes.The high nutritional value was particularly evident in samples with bigel,as these yogurts presented eight-fold higher levels of total fatty acids than the yogurts with avocado oil in free form.In addition,yogurts with avocado bigel presented better stability throughout the gastrointestinal tract-results showed a higher recovery percentage of oleic acid(47.2%)when compared to 24%in the yogurts with avocado in free form.The results from the in vitro studies demonstrated that these functional yogurts can increase the lipolytic rate in adipocytes,translated by an increase of ca.20%in glycerol release in yogurts with bigel.Moreover,the hepatic lipid accumulation in cells subjected to steatosis induced by chloroquine was reduced by 35%in cells treated with yogurt digested samples.These results showed the potential of these functional yogurts to modulate obesity-related metabolism.展开更多
文摘The dislike food preferences that children registered regarding vegetables and fish compromise the exposure to those iodine sources and may contribute to cause a nutritional deficiency in this micronutrient, causing serious damage of the brain and the central nervous system. Functional foods are becoming well-established in the market, focused on by an adult consumer more interested in healthy eating habits but without the motivation to optimize natural food preparation or to promote a wide variety of food in their diet. This article presents evidence of a new functional product concept, 100% vegetable, fermented soya based and salted by a red algae, that was approved by 900 parents who chose the sensorial features: distinctive aroma (57.9%), soft texture (38.4%), sausage shape (21%) and attractive color (77.9%). Three different varieties were developed: carrot (50% w/w), sugar-beet (50% w/w) and tomato (40% w/w) mini sausages, with tofu (20% w/w) and 0.8 % (w/w) of seaweed, reflecting trends that the younger consumer demands. The sensorial tests performed, after quality control assays, received very satisfactory acceptance by the potential buyer.
文摘The synthesis of an extracellular protease by Bacillus sp. HTS102—a wild strain recently isolated from the wool of Portuguese Merino ewes, was optimized. This protease is thermostable and particularly resistant to harsh environmental conditions—and appears to bear a unique ability to hydrolyze keratin-rich solid materials. Following a preliminary screening for the most relevant medium factors involved in processing, a fractional factorial design (2VI6-1) was applied to ascertain the effects of six relevant parameters—viz. yeast extract concentration, peptone level, inoculum size, stirring rate, temperature and pH. The concentrations of yeast extract and peptone, as well as the incubation temperature and pH were found to play significant roles;and the 2-factor interaction between yeast extract level and pH was also significant. A 2.2-fold increase in the overall level of protease synthesis was eventually attained, with the improved medium relative to the basal medium—which is noteworthy when compared with competing proteases and previous optimization efforts.
文摘Salinity is a serious threat to agricultural production. Potato （Solanum tuberosum） is an important food crop characterised for having low to moderate salinity tolerance. Tissue cultures may be relevant to improve salt tolerance in potato through selection of salt-tolerant cell lines and subsequent regeneration of plants. In this work, the authors used the random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） markers to investigate the occurrence of genetic polymorphism in a potato calli line tolerant to 150 mM NaCI. Out of 40 primers screened, eight generated polymorphic patterns that distinguished salt-tolerant line from the control. Although the macroscopic appearance was similar in both lines, ultrastructural study revealed alterations in salt-grown cells. These showed that plastids less differentiated with a lower number of grana had more and larger starch grains than control cells. In conclusion, RAPD analysis revealed that NaCl-adapted line is a somaclonal variant and the ultrastructural study showed changes essentially at the plastids.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(20ZR1402400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52173031,51903045,51703033)+4 种基金the Program of Shanghai Academic/Technology Research Leader(20XD1400100)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFC1910303,2018YFC1105800)the Basic Research Project of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(21JC1400100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232020D-04,2232019A3-06,2232019D3-02)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(20DZ2254900).
文摘Gelatin(G)is a commonly used natural biomaterial owing to its good biocompatibility and easy availability.However,using pure gelatin as a bioink can barely achieve an ideal shape fidelity in 3D printing.In this study,Antheraea pernyi silk fibroin nanofibers(ASFNFs)with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid(RGD)peptide and partial natural silk structure are extracted and combined with pure gelatin bioink to simultaneously improve the shape fidelity and cytocompatibility of corresponding 3D printed scaffold.Results show that the optimum printing temperature is 30℃ for these bioinks.The printed filaments using 16G/4ASFNFs bioink(16wt%gelatin and 4wt%ASFNFs)demonstrate better morphology and larger pore size than those printed by pure gelatin bioink(20G,20wt%gelatin),thus successfully improve the shape fidelity and porosity of the 3D printed scaffold.The 16G/4ASFNFs scaffold also demonstrate higher swelling ratio and faster degradation rate than the pure gelatin scaffold.Moreover,the cell viability and proliferation ability of Schwann cells cultured on the 16G/4ASFNFs scaffold are significantly superior than those cultured on the pure 20G scaffold.The ASFNFs enhanced 16G/4ASFNFs scaffold reported here are expected to be a candidate with excellent potential for biomedical applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971263,52173031,52273125)the International Cooperation Fund of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22520711900)+1 种基金the Basic Research Project of the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(21JC1400100)the Oriental Talent Plan(Leading Talent Program,No.152).
文摘Acute liver failure(ALF)has a mortality rate of more than 40%.Currently,orthotopic liver transplantation is the sole clinical treatment for ALF,but its wide usage is severely limited due to donor shortage and immunological rejection.An emerging and promising technology for ALF treatment is liver tissue engineering(LTE),wherein porous scaffolds serve as a crucial component.Nanofiber scaffolds,which mimic the inherent structures of fibrous extracellular matrix well,provide an ideal environment for cell growth and tissue regeneration.Recently,several functional nanofiber scaffolds for LTE have been developed,which show impressive results in regulating cell function and repairing liver injury when combined with appropriate seeding cells and/or growth factors.This review firstly introduces the etiologies and treatment indicators of ALF.Subsequently,typical fabrication technologies of nanofiber scaffolds and their related applications for function regulation of liver-related cells and treatment of ALF are comprehensively summarized.Particular emphasis is placed on the strategies involving an appropriate combination of suitable seeding cells and growth factors.Finally,the current challenges and the future research and development prospects of nanofiber scaffold-based LTE are discussed.This review will serve as a valuable reference for designing and modifying novel nanofiber scaffolds,further promoting their potential application in LTE and other biomedical fields.
基金supported by National Funds from FCT-Fundaç˜ao para a Ciˆencia e a Tecnologia through project UID/Multi/50016/2019Algerian Ministry of higher education and scientific research for their fellowship。
文摘Enzymatic whey proteins concentrates (WPC) hydrolysis under optimal conditions of ficin crude extract (FCE) in two ratios E/S (0.5 and 1%) was studied,assessing the impact of hydrolysis on WPC by determination degree of hydrolysis (DH),Fast proteins liquid chromatography (FPLC),Tricine SDS-PAGE,antioxidant activity at sampling time beside,and technological properties (solubility,emulsifying activity index (EAI) and foaming activity (FA)) at the best condition (maximum DH and antioxidant activity) other side.Results showed,in the first 30 min,DH reached 22.76% at E/S (1%) with a total degradation of α-lactalbumin (α-La) and almost of β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg).A significant increase in antioxidant activity and solubility was observed,while not for EAI,and FA.These results indicate for the first time that β-Lg is susceptible to hydrolyse by FCE that rarely found for other enzymes.Ficin hydrolysates showed very relevant performance,and suggest that could be appropriate production of functional ingredients.
基金supported by National Funds from FCT-Fundaç˜ao para a Ciˆencia e a Tecnologia through project UIDB/50016/2020Manuela Machado is grateful for the financial support from FCT through the Doctoral grant reference SFRH/BD/136701/2018.
文摘Studies on bioactive lipids have been increasing in the last years due to their proven health benefits.The purpose of this research work was to develop a yogurt with bioactive lipids with anti-obesity potential.For this purpose,yogurts were produced with avocado oil in free form or encapsulated as a bigel.The presence of avocado oil enhanced the nutritional quality of yogurts through a reduction(more than 75%)of their atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes.The high nutritional value was particularly evident in samples with bigel,as these yogurts presented eight-fold higher levels of total fatty acids than the yogurts with avocado oil in free form.In addition,yogurts with avocado bigel presented better stability throughout the gastrointestinal tract-results showed a higher recovery percentage of oleic acid(47.2%)when compared to 24%in the yogurts with avocado in free form.The results from the in vitro studies demonstrated that these functional yogurts can increase the lipolytic rate in adipocytes,translated by an increase of ca.20%in glycerol release in yogurts with bigel.Moreover,the hepatic lipid accumulation in cells subjected to steatosis induced by chloroquine was reduced by 35%in cells treated with yogurt digested samples.These results showed the potential of these functional yogurts to modulate obesity-related metabolism.
