Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) have received considerable attention owing to their various advantages such as safety,low cost,simple battery assembly conditions,and high ionic conductivity.However,they still suffer ...Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) have received considerable attention owing to their various advantages such as safety,low cost,simple battery assembly conditions,and high ionic conductivity.However,they still suffer from serious problems,including uncontrollable dendrite growth,corrosion,hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from water decomposition,electrode passivation,and unexpected by-products.The creation of a uniform artificial nanocrystal layer on the Zn anode surface is a promising strategy for resolving these issues.Herein,we propose the use of a perovskite CaTiO_(3)(CTO) protective layer on Zn(CTO@Zn) as a promising approach for improving the performance of AZIBs.The CTO artificial layer provides an efficient pathway for Zn ion diffusion towards the Zn metal because of the high dielectric constant (εr=180) and ferroelectric characteristics that enable the alignment of dipole moments and redistribute the Zn^(2+)ions in the CTO layer.By avoiding the direct contact of the Zn anode with the electrolyte solution,the uneven dendrite growth,corrosion,parasitic side reactions,and HER are mitigated,while CTO retains its mechanical and chemical robustness during cycling.Consequently,CTO@Zn demonstrates an improved lifespan in a symmetric cell configuration compared with bare Zn.CTO@Zn shows steady overpotential (~68 m V) for 1500 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)/0.5 mA h cm^(-2),excelling bare Zn.Moreover,when paired with the V_(2)O_(5)-C cathode,the CTO@Zn//V_(2)O_(5)-C full battery delivers 148.4 mA h g^(-1)(based on the mass of the cathode) after 300 cycles.This study provides new insights into Zn metal anodes and the development of high-performance AZIBs.展开更多
As an alternative to Li-ion batteries,aqueous Zn batteries have gained attention due to the abundance of Zn metal,low reduction potential(-0.76 V vs.standard hydrogen electrode),and high theoretical capacity(820 mAh g...As an alternative to Li-ion batteries,aqueous Zn batteries have gained attention due to the abundance of Zn metal,low reduction potential(-0.76 V vs.standard hydrogen electrode),and high theoretical capacity(820 mAh g^(-1))of multivalent Zn2+ion.However,the growth of Zn dendrites and the formation of irreversible surface reaction byproducts pose challenges for ensuring a long battery lifespan and commercialization.Herein,the Cu foil coated with a single-walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT)layer using a facile doctor blade casting method is utilized.The SWCNT-coated Cu foil demonstrates a significantly longer battery lifespan compared to the bare Cu in the half-cell tests.Through operando optical microscopy imaging,we are able to provide intuitive evidence that Zn deposition occurs between the carbon nanotube(CNT)coating and Cu substrate,in agreement with the computational results.Also,with various imaging techniques,the flat morphology and homogeneous distribution of Zn beneath the SWCNT layer are demonstrated.In addition,the full-cell using CNT-coated Cu exhibits a long cycle life compared to the control group,thereby demonstrating improved electrochemical performance with limited Zn for the cycling process.展开更多
A series of indazol-2-yl（pyridin-4-yl）methanones, 4 were acquired from 2,6-bisbenzylidene cyclohex- anones, 3 and anti-tubercular drug （isoniazid）, and their anti-tubercular impacts were screened. Among the test c...A series of indazol-2-yl（pyridin-4-yl）methanones, 4 were acquired from 2,6-bisbenzylidene cyclohex- anones, 3 and anti-tubercular drug （isoniazid）, and their anti-tubercular impacts were screened. Among the test compounds used against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 Ra cell line in the microplate alamar blue assay, the compounds 4g-j revealed moderate anti-tubercular activity with MIC 12.5 μg/mL, comparable to standard drugs （streptomycin, MIC, 6.25 μg/mL, pyrazinamide, isoniazid and ciprofloxacin with MICs of 3.125 μg/mL）.展开更多
Physical property variation in dopant-free ZnO films was investigated. Film annealing under various environments（O_2, in-Air, N2 and vacuum） resulted in better crystallinity than in the as-grown film. In particular,...Physical property variation in dopant-free ZnO films was investigated. Film annealing under various environments（O_2, in-Air, N2 and vacuum） resulted in better crystallinity than in the as-grown film. In particular, the film annealed under the N_2 environment showed better crystallinity and electrical properties than films annealed in other environments. Based on spectroscopic analysis, we found a correlation between physical（structural, electrical） and chemical properties： The crystallinity of ZnO films is closely related to ZnO bonding, whereas carrier concentration is associated with VO（oxygen vacancy）.展开更多
AIM:To compare the clinical results of femtosecond(FS)laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)in high myopic patients and low myopic patients.METHODS:This study included 212 myopic eyes undergoing LASIK using a VisuMax 500...AIM:To compare the clinical results of femtosecond(FS)laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)in high myopic patients and low myopic patients.METHODS:This study included 212 myopic eyes undergoing LASIK using a VisuMax 500kHz FS laser.All treated eyes were assigned to one of two groups according to preoperative manifest spherical refraction:low myopia group(A,>-4.0 D)and high myopia group(B,<-4.0 D).Uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity(UDVA,CDVA),refractive errors,and higher-order aberrations(HOAs)were measured preoperatively and lwk,I,3 and 6mo postoperatively.RESULTS:At 6mo of follow-up,92%and 76%had a UDVA of 20/20 or better in group A and B,respectively(P=0.037)and UDVA was significantly different between two groups(P=0.042).Six and seven percentage lost one line of CDVA in group A and B,respectively(P=0.572)and no eyes in both groups lost more than two lines.Each group had 87%and 76%of treated eyes within±0.5 D of the intended correction(P=0.186),and 13%and 43%with a change of>0.50 D in spherical equivalent from Iwk to 6mo postoperatively(P=0.005).In terms of postoperative astigmatism,each group had 89.1%and 76.6%within±0.50 D,respectively and there was significant difference(P=0.006).Group A tends to induce smaller HOAs than group B.CONCLUSION:FS LASIK is effective and safe for correcting high myopia as well as low myopia.However,high myopic eyes showed more postoperative astigmatism and HOAs which affect visual acuity.展开更多
Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a heterogeneous condition with a variety of clinical outcomes, the presence of which correlates with risk of Alzheimer’s disease as well as pre-clinical stages of other ...Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a heterogeneous condition with a variety of clinical outcomes, the presence of which correlates with risk of Alzheimer’s disease as well as pre-clinical stages of other dementia subtypes. The aims of this study were to assess the specific patterns of cognitive profiles and to identify changes from baseline to 24 weeks in patients with MCI using detailed neuropsychological testing. Methods: We consecutively recruited 120 MCI patients at baseline according to the Petersen’s clinical diagnostic criteria, who were admitted to the Dementia and Memory Clinics. We analyzed patients who fulfilled both inclusion and exclusion criteria for MCI and classified them into four subtypes according to deficits in major cognitive domains;amnestic MCI single domain (aMCI-s), amnestic multiple domain MCI (aMCI-m), non-amnestic single domain MCI (naMCI-s) and non-amnestic multiple domain MCI (naMCI-m). Four groups of MCI were evaluated by a detailed neuropsychological battery test. Results: 83 patients with MCI at the 24-week follow-up were classified into four subtypes. The most frequent subtype was amnestic multi-domain MCI, with the frequency of MCI subtypes as follows: aMCI-s (n = 21, 25.3%), aMCI-m (n = 53, 63.9%), naMCI-s (n = 5, 6.0%) and naMCI-m (n = 4, 4.8%). In the major cognitive items of the SNSB-D, there were significant changes between the initial and follow-up tests in the domains of language, memory and the fron-tal/executive function (p < 0.05), except for attention, in all MCI patient subtypes. At 24-weeks follow-up, the conversion rate to Alzheimer’s disease was 2.4% (n = 2) from a subtype of amnestic multi-domain MCI. Conclusions: Our study revealed the most frequent subtype of MCI to be multiple domain amnestic MCI, with this subtype having a higher tendency of conversion to Alzheimer’s disease.展开更多
The development of high-strain piezoelectric materials has presented a longstanding challenge,particularly in the development of high-strain polycrystalline lead-free piezoelectric thin films.In this work,we present a...The development of high-strain piezoelectric materials has presented a longstanding challenge,particularly in the development of high-strain polycrystalline lead-free piezoelectric thin films.In this work,we present a strategy for customizing the electrostrain in lead-free thin films through phase transition engineering.In this study,we achieved a high recoverable electrostrain in a Bi_(1/2)Na_(1/2)TiO_(3)–BiAlO_(3)(BNT–BA)film.To accomplish this,ferroelectric BNT and BNT–BA films with identical thicknesses of 500 nm were fabricated on Pt(111)/TiO_(2)/SiO_(2)/Si(100)substrates via a sol-gel method.Compared with the BNT film,the BNT–BA film exhibited a greater polarization response and superior field strength endurance,maintaining the energy storage density beyond the breakdown field strength of the BNT.The BNT–BA film demonstrated a large unipolar strain of S=0.43%with a normalized strain(maximum strain/maximum applied electric field(S_(max)/E_(max)))of 203 pm/V,followed by an effective transverse piezoelectric coefficient(e∗31,f)of~2.48 C/m^(2),which was more than two times greater than the value obtained for BNT(i.e.,maximum strain/maximum applied electric field(S_(max)/E_(max))=72 pm/V and e^(∗)_(31,f)of~1.09 C/m^(2)).This high strain response in the BNT–BA film can be attributed to the electric-field-induced phase transition of the mixed(i.e.,cubic and rhombohedral)phases into rhombohedral and tetragonal phases(mainly the rhombohedral structure),which recover back to the original state when the electric field is removed.These findings suggest new pathways for achieving significant strain levels via alternative mechanisms,potentially enhancing the effectiveness and expanding the applications of piezoelectric materials.展开更多
The phase transition process of a photocatalytic system from NaBiO_(3)·2H_(2)O to BiO_(2−x) has been investigated to understand the important factors that affect photocatalytic performance in a composite system. ...The phase transition process of a photocatalytic system from NaBiO_(3)·2H_(2)O to BiO_(2−x) has been investigated to understand the important factors that affect photocatalytic performance in a composite system. It is found that a proper amount of BiO2−x on the surface of NaBiO_(3)·2H_(2)O could effectively suppress the electron/hole recombination and increase the exposed reactive sites for photocatalytic reaction. A fully covered BiO2−x on NaBiO3·2H2O results in a dramatical decrease of photocatalytic degradation of dye. An over long hydrothermal process can result in BiO_(2−x) with reduced oxygen vacancies, which degrades the photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the photocatalytic reduction ability of CO_(2) conversion has been investigated, indicating that the surface activity to different reactants also directly affects the catalytic performance. The investigation of the gradient phase transition process presents a clear guidance to construct a desired photocatalytic system, in addition to selecting gradient materials with suitable bandgap structure and a morphology with different fraction and distribution of each component. The defect evolution of each component during construction of a composite is also an important factor that should be optimized and considered in making a composite to achieve high photocatalytic efficiency.展开更多
Thymic carcinoma is a very rare and aggressive malignant tumor. It is indolent and invasive cancer that easily metastasis. Invasive thymoma occurs most commonly into the pleura, pericardium, lungs, and recurrent laryn...Thymic carcinoma is a very rare and aggressive malignant tumor. It is indolent and invasive cancer that easily metastasis. Invasive thymoma occurs most commonly into the pleura, pericardium, lungs, and recurrent laryngeal nerve, but invasion into the intracardiac and great vessel is rare.1 We reported a rare case ofinvasive thymic carcinoma which extended into aorta, pericardium, and right ventricular outflow tract （RVOT）, causing right ventricular outflow tract flow acceleration.展开更多
基金Basic Science Research Capacity Enhancement Project through the Korea Basic Science Institute (National Research Facilities and Equipment Center) grant funded by the Ministry of Education (2019R1A6C1010016)Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education (NRF-2021R1F1A1050130)。
文摘Aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs) have received considerable attention owing to their various advantages such as safety,low cost,simple battery assembly conditions,and high ionic conductivity.However,they still suffer from serious problems,including uncontrollable dendrite growth,corrosion,hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from water decomposition,electrode passivation,and unexpected by-products.The creation of a uniform artificial nanocrystal layer on the Zn anode surface is a promising strategy for resolving these issues.Herein,we propose the use of a perovskite CaTiO_(3)(CTO) protective layer on Zn(CTO@Zn) as a promising approach for improving the performance of AZIBs.The CTO artificial layer provides an efficient pathway for Zn ion diffusion towards the Zn metal because of the high dielectric constant (εr=180) and ferroelectric characteristics that enable the alignment of dipole moments and redistribute the Zn^(2+)ions in the CTO layer.By avoiding the direct contact of the Zn anode with the electrolyte solution,the uneven dendrite growth,corrosion,parasitic side reactions,and HER are mitigated,while CTO retains its mechanical and chemical robustness during cycling.Consequently,CTO@Zn demonstrates an improved lifespan in a symmetric cell configuration compared with bare Zn.CTO@Zn shows steady overpotential (~68 m V) for 1500 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)/0.5 mA h cm^(-2),excelling bare Zn.Moreover,when paired with the V_(2)O_(5)-C cathode,the CTO@Zn//V_(2)O_(5)-C full battery delivers 148.4 mA h g^(-1)(based on the mass of the cathode) after 300 cycles.This study provides new insights into Zn metal anodes and the development of high-performance AZIBs.
基金Ministry of Science and ICT,South Korea,Grant/Award Number:C310200National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),Grant/Award Number:2020R1C1C1012308。
文摘As an alternative to Li-ion batteries,aqueous Zn batteries have gained attention due to the abundance of Zn metal,low reduction potential(-0.76 V vs.standard hydrogen electrode),and high theoretical capacity(820 mAh g^(-1))of multivalent Zn2+ion.However,the growth of Zn dendrites and the formation of irreversible surface reaction byproducts pose challenges for ensuring a long battery lifespan and commercialization.Herein,the Cu foil coated with a single-walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT)layer using a facile doctor blade casting method is utilized.The SWCNT-coated Cu foil demonstrates a significantly longer battery lifespan compared to the bare Cu in the half-cell tests.Through operando optical microscopy imaging,we are able to provide intuitive evidence that Zn deposition occurs between the carbon nanotube(CNT)coating and Cu substrate,in agreement with the computational results.Also,with various imaging techniques,the flat morphology and homogeneous distribution of Zn beneath the SWCNT layer are demonstrated.In addition,the full-cell using CNT-coated Cu exhibits a long cycle life compared to the control group,thereby demonstrating improved electrochemical performance with limited Zn for the cycling process.
基金VIT University for providing us with research funding and laboratory facilitiesMaratha Mandal Dental College,Belgaum for biological screening support
文摘A series of indazol-2-yl（pyridin-4-yl）methanones, 4 were acquired from 2,6-bisbenzylidene cyclohex- anones, 3 and anti-tubercular drug （isoniazid）, and their anti-tubercular impacts were screened. Among the test compounds used against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37 Ra cell line in the microplate alamar blue assay, the compounds 4g-j revealed moderate anti-tubercular activity with MIC 12.5 μg/mL, comparable to standard drugs （streptomycin, MIC, 6.25 μg/mL, pyrazinamide, isoniazid and ciprofloxacin with MICs of 3.125 μg/mL）.
基金supported in part by NRF Korea (No. NRF2015R1D1A1A01058672)Korea Atomic Energy Research Institutesupported by the GPF Program (No. 2015H1A2A1034200) of NRF
文摘Physical property variation in dopant-free ZnO films was investigated. Film annealing under various environments（O_2, in-Air, N2 and vacuum） resulted in better crystallinity than in the as-grown film. In particular, the film annealed under the N_2 environment showed better crystallinity and electrical properties than films annealed in other environments. Based on spectroscopic analysis, we found a correlation between physical（structural, electrical） and chemical properties： The crystallinity of ZnO films is closely related to ZnO bonding, whereas carrier concentration is associated with VO（oxygen vacancy）.
文摘AIM:To compare the clinical results of femtosecond(FS)laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK)in high myopic patients and low myopic patients.METHODS:This study included 212 myopic eyes undergoing LASIK using a VisuMax 500kHz FS laser.All treated eyes were assigned to one of two groups according to preoperative manifest spherical refraction:low myopia group(A,>-4.0 D)and high myopia group(B,<-4.0 D).Uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity(UDVA,CDVA),refractive errors,and higher-order aberrations(HOAs)were measured preoperatively and lwk,I,3 and 6mo postoperatively.RESULTS:At 6mo of follow-up,92%and 76%had a UDVA of 20/20 or better in group A and B,respectively(P=0.037)and UDVA was significantly different between two groups(P=0.042).Six and seven percentage lost one line of CDVA in group A and B,respectively(P=0.572)and no eyes in both groups lost more than two lines.Each group had 87%and 76%of treated eyes within±0.5 D of the intended correction(P=0.186),and 13%and 43%with a change of>0.50 D in spherical equivalent from Iwk to 6mo postoperatively(P=0.005).In terms of postoperative astigmatism,each group had 89.1%and 76.6%within±0.50 D,respectively and there was significant difference(P=0.006).Group A tends to induce smaller HOAs than group B.CONCLUSION:FS LASIK is effective and safe for correcting high myopia as well as low myopia.However,high myopic eyes showed more postoperative astigmatism and HOAs which affect visual acuity.
文摘Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a heterogeneous condition with a variety of clinical outcomes, the presence of which correlates with risk of Alzheimer’s disease as well as pre-clinical stages of other dementia subtypes. The aims of this study were to assess the specific patterns of cognitive profiles and to identify changes from baseline to 24 weeks in patients with MCI using detailed neuropsychological testing. Methods: We consecutively recruited 120 MCI patients at baseline according to the Petersen’s clinical diagnostic criteria, who were admitted to the Dementia and Memory Clinics. We analyzed patients who fulfilled both inclusion and exclusion criteria for MCI and classified them into four subtypes according to deficits in major cognitive domains;amnestic MCI single domain (aMCI-s), amnestic multiple domain MCI (aMCI-m), non-amnestic single domain MCI (naMCI-s) and non-amnestic multiple domain MCI (naMCI-m). Four groups of MCI were evaluated by a detailed neuropsychological battery test. Results: 83 patients with MCI at the 24-week follow-up were classified into four subtypes. The most frequent subtype was amnestic multi-domain MCI, with the frequency of MCI subtypes as follows: aMCI-s (n = 21, 25.3%), aMCI-m (n = 53, 63.9%), naMCI-s (n = 5, 6.0%) and naMCI-m (n = 4, 4.8%). In the major cognitive items of the SNSB-D, there were significant changes between the initial and follow-up tests in the domains of language, memory and the fron-tal/executive function (p < 0.05), except for attention, in all MCI patient subtypes. At 24-weeks follow-up, the conversion rate to Alzheimer’s disease was 2.4% (n = 2) from a subtype of amnestic multi-domain MCI. Conclusions: Our study revealed the most frequent subtype of MCI to be multiple domain amnestic MCI, with this subtype having a higher tendency of conversion to Alzheimer’s disease.
基金support of the Priority Research Centers Program and the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),funded by the Ministry of Education(Nos.NRF2019R1A6A1A11053838 and RS-2023-00245221)Aman Ullah acknowledges the support of the Higher Education Commission of Islamabad,Pakistan,under the National Research Program for Universities-NRPU(20-17573/NRPU/R&D/HEC/2021)Muhammad Sheeraz acknowledges support from the Basic Science Research Program through NRF(No.RS-2023-00249613).
文摘The development of high-strain piezoelectric materials has presented a longstanding challenge,particularly in the development of high-strain polycrystalline lead-free piezoelectric thin films.In this work,we present a strategy for customizing the electrostrain in lead-free thin films through phase transition engineering.In this study,we achieved a high recoverable electrostrain in a Bi_(1/2)Na_(1/2)TiO_(3)–BiAlO_(3)(BNT–BA)film.To accomplish this,ferroelectric BNT and BNT–BA films with identical thicknesses of 500 nm were fabricated on Pt(111)/TiO_(2)/SiO_(2)/Si(100)substrates via a sol-gel method.Compared with the BNT film,the BNT–BA film exhibited a greater polarization response and superior field strength endurance,maintaining the energy storage density beyond the breakdown field strength of the BNT.The BNT–BA film demonstrated a large unipolar strain of S=0.43%with a normalized strain(maximum strain/maximum applied electric field(S_(max)/E_(max)))of 203 pm/V,followed by an effective transverse piezoelectric coefficient(e∗31,f)of~2.48 C/m^(2),which was more than two times greater than the value obtained for BNT(i.e.,maximum strain/maximum applied electric field(S_(max)/E_(max))=72 pm/V and e^(∗)_(31,f)of~1.09 C/m^(2)).This high strain response in the BNT–BA film can be attributed to the electric-field-induced phase transition of the mixed(i.e.,cubic and rhombohedral)phases into rhombohedral and tetragonal phases(mainly the rhombohedral structure),which recover back to the original state when the electric field is removed.These findings suggest new pathways for achieving significant strain levels via alternative mechanisms,potentially enhancing the effectiveness and expanding the applications of piezoelectric materials.
基金This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT and Future Planning(2017R1D1A1B03032265 and 2019R1A2C1086881)SEM characterization in this research was supported by Nano-material Technology Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT and Future Planning(2009-0082580)。
文摘The phase transition process of a photocatalytic system from NaBiO_(3)·2H_(2)O to BiO_(2−x) has been investigated to understand the important factors that affect photocatalytic performance in a composite system. It is found that a proper amount of BiO2−x on the surface of NaBiO_(3)·2H_(2)O could effectively suppress the electron/hole recombination and increase the exposed reactive sites for photocatalytic reaction. A fully covered BiO2−x on NaBiO3·2H2O results in a dramatical decrease of photocatalytic degradation of dye. An over long hydrothermal process can result in BiO_(2−x) with reduced oxygen vacancies, which degrades the photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the photocatalytic reduction ability of CO_(2) conversion has been investigated, indicating that the surface activity to different reactants also directly affects the catalytic performance. The investigation of the gradient phase transition process presents a clear guidance to construct a desired photocatalytic system, in addition to selecting gradient materials with suitable bandgap structure and a morphology with different fraction and distribution of each component. The defect evolution of each component during construction of a composite is also an important factor that should be optimized and considered in making a composite to achieve high photocatalytic efficiency.
文摘Thymic carcinoma is a very rare and aggressive malignant tumor. It is indolent and invasive cancer that easily metastasis. Invasive thymoma occurs most commonly into the pleura, pericardium, lungs, and recurrent laryngeal nerve, but invasion into the intracardiac and great vessel is rare.1 We reported a rare case ofinvasive thymic carcinoma which extended into aorta, pericardium, and right ventricular outflow tract （RVOT）, causing right ventricular outflow tract flow acceleration.
