2018年,世界各地都将展现前所未有的综合经济发展实力。由Alpha One Capital Partners开展的研究表明,在2017年,经济合作与发展组织（OECD）追踪的所有45个国家/地区的经济自2007年以来均实现了首次增长,其中33个国家/地区的经济在2017...2018年,世界各地都将展现前所未有的综合经济发展实力。由Alpha One Capital Partners开展的研究表明,在2017年,经济合作与发展组织（OECD）追踪的所有45个国家/地区的经济自2007年以来均实现了首次增长,其中33个国家/地区的经济在2017年经历了加速增长。例如,美国国内生产总值从2016年的1.5%加速增长到2017年的2.2%,而且2018年预计将达到2.5%。由于面向全球市场,展开更多
The practical application of the Li metal anode has long been hindered by the uncontrolled growth of Li dendrites,heterogeneous and fragile solid electrolyte interface(SEI)layer,and large volume swelling.Herein,a robu...The practical application of the Li metal anode has long been hindered by the uncontrolled growth of Li dendrites,heterogeneous and fragile solid electrolyte interface(SEI)layer,and large volume swelling.Herein,a robust artificial SEI layer,polyaryoxadiazole lithium sulfonate(PODLi),was successfully fabricated to stabilize the interface between the Li metal and electrolyte.The lithiophilic PODLi film afforded fast ionic transport channels to form a dendrite-free,lithium fluoride-rich anode.The Li@Cu-PODLi symmetric cell achieved excellent cycling performance at a high current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) with an areal capacity of 10 mAh cm^(−2) for more than 770 h.A full cell with the LiFPO_(4) cathode exhibited ultralong-term stable operation over 500 cycles at a high current density of 3.45 mA cm^(−2) with a low-capacity decay rate of 0.038%per cycle.This work demonstrates a cost-effective and scalable strategy for high-energy-density Li metal batteries.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)is a derivative of polythiophene and an intrinsically conductive polymer(CP).Due to its excellent conductivity,processability,and biocompati...CONSPECTUS:Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)is a derivative of polythiophene and an intrinsically conductive polymer(CP).Due to its excellent conductivity,processability,and biocompatibility,it has received widespread attention in the past decade and has become a popular material for wearable electronic devices.Thin films and fibers are the two primary dimensions that PEDOT:PSS has been made into.Compared with two-dimensional(2D)thin films,1D fibers have natural advantages in integration and structural design,remarkably accelerating practical applications.Wet spinning has been considered the primary method to fabricate 1D PEDOT:PSS fibers,which can continuously produce fibers on a large scale with the outstanding capability of fine-tuning the compositions and morphologies to achieve the desired properties.For example,untreated wet-spun PEDOT:PSS fibers generally have relatively lower conductivity(0.1 S·cm−1),while the coagulation bath obtained by mixing acetone and isopropanol significantly increases the conductivity(310 S·cm−1),which has become a classic combination.Nevertheless,the extensive use of such solvents does not meet the requirements of environmental friendliness,and researchers have been searching for suitable alternatives.Even though the coagulation bath composed of ethanol,water,and metal salts compensates for improving that,the performance needs further enhancement,including conductivity,elongation at break,and capacitance.Thus,intensive efforts have been taken to boost the performance of PEDOT:PSS by changing the formula of the coagulation bath,blending other additives with the starting materials,and secondary treatment for the obtained fibers.In addition to ethanol and water,other coagulation baths are also being developed,such as sulfuric acid,N,N-dimethylacetamide,etc.,which play a critical role in the above solutions due to the excellent performance of the resultant fibers.In this Account,the efforts are mainly concentrated on the advancements and progress in achieving high-performance wet-spun PEDOT:PSS fibers,from coagulation bath regulation to secondary treatment of spinning solution blending.The fundamental electrochemistry and challenges of PEDOT:PSS fibers will also be discussed.It will then focus on the advantages and control mechanisms of preparing PEDOT:PSS fibers through wet spinning from three perspectives:(i)coagulation bath control;(ii)polymer blending;and(iii)post-treatment.For example,we will discuss:1)how different additives in the coagulation bath regulate the structure and properties of PEDOT:PSS fibers;2)how polymer blending can improve the stability and durability of PEDOT:PSS fibers;and 3)how post-treatment can endow PEDOT:PSS fibers with unique structures,enhancing their strength and conductivity.Finally,the key research directions required in this field and the remaining challenges to be addressed will be summarized and proposed.展开更多
The advancement of gas sensor technology over the past decades has led to remarkable progress and achievements in pollution control and environmental protection.Compared with other sensing materials,electrospun nanofi...The advancement of gas sensor technology over the past decades has led to remarkable progress and achievements in pollution control and environmental protection.Compared with other sensing materials,electrospun nanofibers have attracted significant attention,which is mainly due to their unique characteristics,including but not limited to high surface area,easy structure design,facile facility setup,multifunctional properties,etc.,making them outstanding candidates for potential applications in this field.This review provides an overview of the applications of electrospun nanofibers in gas sensors,concentrating on carbon monoxide,hydrogen,carbon dioxide,hydrogen sulfide,ammonia,nitrogen oxides,oxygen,and volatile organic compounds.It begins with a brief introduction to sensing materials and the advantages of electrospun nanofibers along with their ongoing research.The principles and progress of electrospinning are then discussed.Afterward,the corresponding properties of electrospun nanofibers in diverse gas sensors are thoroughly reviewed.Finally,a future vision regarding challenges and perspectives in this area is proposed.This review provides an extensive and comprehensive reference to utilize advanced electrospun nanofibers to generate novel sensors,facilitating their performance in high-demand areas.展开更多
文摘2018年,世界各地都将展现前所未有的综合经济发展实力。由Alpha One Capital Partners开展的研究表明,在2017年,经济合作与发展组织（OECD）追踪的所有45个国家/地区的经济自2007年以来均实现了首次增长,其中33个国家/地区的经济在2017年经历了加速增长。例如,美国国内生产总值从2016年的1.5%加速增长到2017年的2.2%,而且2018年预计将达到2.5%。由于面向全球市场,
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(project no.2022YFA1205201)the State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering,China(grant no.sklpme2022-2-04).
文摘The practical application of the Li metal anode has long been hindered by the uncontrolled growth of Li dendrites,heterogeneous and fragile solid electrolyte interface(SEI)layer,and large volume swelling.Herein,a robust artificial SEI layer,polyaryoxadiazole lithium sulfonate(PODLi),was successfully fabricated to stabilize the interface between the Li metal and electrolyte.The lithiophilic PODLi film afforded fast ionic transport channels to form a dendrite-free,lithium fluoride-rich anode.The Li@Cu-PODLi symmetric cell achieved excellent cycling performance at a high current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) with an areal capacity of 10 mAh cm^(−2) for more than 770 h.A full cell with the LiFPO_(4) cathode exhibited ultralong-term stable operation over 500 cycles at a high current density of 3.45 mA cm^(−2) with a low-capacity decay rate of 0.038%per cycle.This work demonstrates a cost-effective and scalable strategy for high-energy-density Li metal batteries.
基金support from the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(Yangzhou University)(SJCX23_1909).
文摘CONSPECTUS:Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)is a derivative of polythiophene and an intrinsically conductive polymer(CP).Due to its excellent conductivity,processability,and biocompatibility,it has received widespread attention in the past decade and has become a popular material for wearable electronic devices.Thin films and fibers are the two primary dimensions that PEDOT:PSS has been made into.Compared with two-dimensional(2D)thin films,1D fibers have natural advantages in integration and structural design,remarkably accelerating practical applications.Wet spinning has been considered the primary method to fabricate 1D PEDOT:PSS fibers,which can continuously produce fibers on a large scale with the outstanding capability of fine-tuning the compositions and morphologies to achieve the desired properties.For example,untreated wet-spun PEDOT:PSS fibers generally have relatively lower conductivity(0.1 S·cm−1),while the coagulation bath obtained by mixing acetone and isopropanol significantly increases the conductivity(310 S·cm−1),which has become a classic combination.Nevertheless,the extensive use of such solvents does not meet the requirements of environmental friendliness,and researchers have been searching for suitable alternatives.Even though the coagulation bath composed of ethanol,water,and metal salts compensates for improving that,the performance needs further enhancement,including conductivity,elongation at break,and capacitance.Thus,intensive efforts have been taken to boost the performance of PEDOT:PSS by changing the formula of the coagulation bath,blending other additives with the starting materials,and secondary treatment for the obtained fibers.In addition to ethanol and water,other coagulation baths are also being developed,such as sulfuric acid,N,N-dimethylacetamide,etc.,which play a critical role in the above solutions due to the excellent performance of the resultant fibers.In this Account,the efforts are mainly concentrated on the advancements and progress in achieving high-performance wet-spun PEDOT:PSS fibers,from coagulation bath regulation to secondary treatment of spinning solution blending.The fundamental electrochemistry and challenges of PEDOT:PSS fibers will also be discussed.It will then focus on the advantages and control mechanisms of preparing PEDOT:PSS fibers through wet spinning from three perspectives:(i)coagulation bath control;(ii)polymer blending;and(iii)post-treatment.For example,we will discuss:1)how different additives in the coagulation bath regulate the structure and properties of PEDOT:PSS fibers;2)how polymer blending can improve the stability and durability of PEDOT:PSS fibers;and 3)how post-treatment can endow PEDOT:PSS fibers with unique structures,enhancing their strength and conductivity.Finally,the key research directions required in this field and the remaining challenges to be addressed will be summarized and proposed.
基金funded by the U.S.Army Engineer Research and Development Center–Environmental Laboratory(ERDC-EL)through the Environmental Risk Assessment Research Area,Cooperative agreement No.W912HZ-23-2-0024.
文摘The advancement of gas sensor technology over the past decades has led to remarkable progress and achievements in pollution control and environmental protection.Compared with other sensing materials,electrospun nanofibers have attracted significant attention,which is mainly due to their unique characteristics,including but not limited to high surface area,easy structure design,facile facility setup,multifunctional properties,etc.,making them outstanding candidates for potential applications in this field.This review provides an overview of the applications of electrospun nanofibers in gas sensors,concentrating on carbon monoxide,hydrogen,carbon dioxide,hydrogen sulfide,ammonia,nitrogen oxides,oxygen,and volatile organic compounds.It begins with a brief introduction to sensing materials and the advantages of electrospun nanofibers along with their ongoing research.The principles and progress of electrospinning are then discussed.Afterward,the corresponding properties of electrospun nanofibers in diverse gas sensors are thoroughly reviewed.Finally,a future vision regarding challenges and perspectives in this area is proposed.This review provides an extensive and comprehensive reference to utilize advanced electrospun nanofibers to generate novel sensors,facilitating their performance in high-demand areas.
