The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of souari nut peel on the fermentative characteristics and chemical composition of the Mombasa grass silage.A completely randomized design with f...The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of souari nut peel on the fermentative characteristics and chemical composition of the Mombasa grass silage.A completely randomized design with five levels of addition(0%,5%,10%,15%and 20%in natural matter basis)of souari nut peel with three replicates was applied in the study.The silos were opened at 55 d after starting the ensiling process.The data were analyzed by means of linear/quadratic regression analysis,according to the best fit of the data and the probability values to 5%,using the Statistical Analysis System(SAS,2002).There were a linear decreasing effect on the neutral detergent fiber(NDF),ash and increasing values for the effluent in the silage.Quadratic effect was observed for crude protein(CP),lignin and pH.For the other factors dry matter(DM),acid detergent fiber(ADF)and gases there was no influence on the addition of souari nut peel.The 15%addition level of souari nut peel increased CP content,decreased NDF and pH,which was recommended to improve the fermentation profile of Mombasa grass silage.展开更多
Anatomical studies in the leaflet globoid galls of Caryocar brasiliense, the “pequi”, aimed to answer how oviposition and the feeding behavior of the galling herbivores altered the morphogenical patterns of the host...Anatomical studies in the leaflet globoid galls of Caryocar brasiliense, the “pequi”, aimed to answer how oviposition and the feeding behavior of the galling herbivores altered the morphogenical patterns of the host plant. C. brasiliense globoid gall was 1.28 ± 0.20 mm × 0.90 ± 0.25 mm, with hairy surface;it is sessile and projected to the abaxial surface. Young galls were red while the mature ones were green. Preferentially, they were formed next to leaf margin and possessed one larval chamber containing a single galling specimen. Gall epidermis was uniseriate, with thicker cuticle and more hairy. In some spots, epidermis was substituted by periderm, which indicated the expression of a character usually absent in the leaf laminas. Morphological and anatomical features of these gall morphotype, such as its position in leaf lamina, the fact of being truly closed galls, with typical nutritive tissue involved by sclerenchyma, made them next to the pattern proposed for galls induced by some Hymenoptera.展开更多
Astrocytes,a major class of glial cells,have emerged as crucial regulators of synaptic function,neuronal homeostasis,and cognitive processes(Cabral-Miranda et al.,2024).These star-shaped cells not only provide structu...Astrocytes,a major class of glial cells,have emerged as crucial regulators of synaptic function,neuronal homeostasis,and cognitive processes(Cabral-Miranda et al.,2024).These star-shaped cells not only provide structural and metabolic support to neurons but also actively participate in modulating synaptic transmission,neurovascular coupling,and inflammatory responses in the brain.展开更多
The intricate landscape of neurodegenerative diseases complicates the search for effective therapeutic approaches.Photoreceptor degeneration,the common endpoint in various retinal diseases,including retinitis pigmento...The intricate landscape of neurodegenerative diseases complicates the search for effective therapeutic approaches.Photoreceptor degeneration,the common endpoint in various retinal diseases,including retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration,leads to vision loss or blindness.While primary cell death is driven by genetic mutations,oxidative stress,and neuroinflammation,additional mechanisms contribute to disease progression.In retinitis pigmentosa,a multitude of genetic alterations can trigger the degeneration of photoreceptors,while other retinopathies,such as agerelated macular degeneration,are initiated by combinations of environmental factors,such as diet,smoking,and hypertension,with genetic predispositions.Nutraceutical therapies,which blend the principles of nutrition and pharmaceuticals,aim to harness the health benefits of bioactive compounds for therapeutic applications.These compounds generally possess multi-target effects.Polyphenols and flavonoids,secondary plant metabolites abundant in plant-based foods,are known for their antioxidant,neuroprotective,and anti-inflammatory properties.This review focuses on the potential of polyphenols and flavonoids as nutraceuticals to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa.Furthermore,the importance of developing reliable delivery methods to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of these compounds will be discussed.By combining nutraceuticals with other emerging therapies,such as genetic and cell-based treatments,it is possible to offer a more comprehensive approach to treating retinal degenerative diseases.These advancements could lead to a viable and accessible option,improving the quality of life for patients with retinal diseases.展开更多
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal(SDG) 2 aims to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030.However,global hunger and food insecurity have continued to rise at an alarming rate(UN 2023).Subtropical regions are home to ...The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal(SDG) 2 aims to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030.However,global hunger and food insecurity have continued to rise at an alarming rate(UN 2023).Subtropical regions are home to more than 30% of the world's population,predominantly in developing countries where per capita farmland and food supply are only 40% of those in developed nations(FAO 2018).Meeting the Zero Hunger target amid ongoing population growth in these regions requires a substantial increase in agricultural production while minimizing soil degradation and adverse ecological impacts.This challenge is shared by many countries across South Asia,Africa,and Central and South America.展开更多
Eucalyptus staigeriana essential oil(EsEO)has well-known anthelmintic activity in small ruminants.However,its volatility limits its therapeutic action.The aim of this study was to develop a water-in-oil sodium alginat...Eucalyptus staigeriana essential oil(EsEO)has well-known anthelmintic activity in small ruminants.However,its volatility limits its therapeutic action.The aim of this study was to develop a water-in-oil sodium alginatebased nanoemulsion with an effective in vitro effect on the eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus,a gastrointestinal parasite of sheep and goats.Four oil-in-water sodium alginate-based emulsions were prepared using a high-energy method with different proportions of Tween 80,EsEO,and sodium alginate(ALG)4%.The physical-chemical characterization included stability,particle size,zeta potential and infrared spectra.The effects of the emulsions were evaluated against H.contortus via the egg hatching test(EHT)and larval development test(LDT).The results showed that the emulsions were stable over 7 days,nanometer scale particles(218.8 to 371.5 nm)predominating and with negative zeta potentials(−28.9 to−46.9 mV).All four emulsions were more effective than EsEO in the EHT,with 50%effective concentrations(EC50)of 0.088 to 0.15 mg/mL for the emulsions and 0.308 mg/mL for EsEO.However,in the LDT,the emulsions and essential oil had similar effects,with EC50 values of 3.91 to 4.60 mg/mL for the emulsions and 4.17 mg/mL for EsEO.Emulsion 2,with low Tween 80/EsEO and ALG/EsEO ratios,was considered better overall in terms of physical,chemical and anthelmintic assessment and is a promising candidate for further in vivo assays against adult H.contortus.展开更多
A numerical simulation analysis is conducted to examine the unsteady hydrodynamic characteristics of vortex-induced vibration(VIV)and the suppression effect of helical strakes on VIV in subsea pipelines.The analysis u...A numerical simulation analysis is conducted to examine the unsteady hydrodynamic characteristics of vortex-induced vibration(VIV)and the suppression effect of helical strakes on VIV in subsea pipelines.The analysis uses the standard k−εturbulence model for 4.5-and 12.75-inch pipes,and its accuracy is verified by comparing the results with large-scale hydrodynamic experiments.These experiments are designed to evaluate the suppression efficiency of VIV with and without helical strakes,focusing on displacement and drag coefficients under different flow conditions.Furthermore,the influence of important geometric parameters of the helical strakes on drag coefficients and VIV suppression efficiency at different flow rates is compared and discussed.Numerical results agree well with experimental data for drag coefficient and vortex shedding frequency.Spring-pipe self-excited vibration experimental tests reveal that the installation of helical strakes substantially reduces the drag coefficient of VIV within a certain flow rate range,achieving suppression efficiencies exceeding 90%with strake heights larger than 0.15D.Notably,the optimized parameter combination of helical strakes,with a pitch of 15D,a fin height of 0.2D,and 45°edge slopes,maintains high suppression efficiency,thereby exhibiting superior performance.This study provides a valuable reference for the design and application of helical strakes and VIV suppression in subsea engineering.展开更多
Network analysis is a powerful tool to identify key species for the stability of ecological communities.For endangered species like Fernseea itatiaiae,understanding its role within the network is vital for revealing h...Network analysis is a powerful tool to identify key species for the stability of ecological communities.For endangered species like Fernseea itatiaiae,understanding its role within the network is vital for revealing how interactions with pollinators influence its reproductive success and vulnerability.This insight is crucial for conservation strategies.Thus,the community context revealed by interaction networks can inform conservation strategies for threatened species.The ornithophilous bromeliad Fernseea itatiaiae(Wawra)Baker is restricted to the Itatiaia Plateau(southeast Brazil)and is assessed as endangered(EN).Fernseea itatiaiae and 14 other plant species have floral morphology related to hummingbird pollination(ornithophily),serving as floral resources for hummingbirds in the area.We used a field monitoring experiment to assess how the phenology and availability of conspecific and heterospecific ornithophilous floral resources at the community level affect the pollination of F.itatiaiae.We measured the fruit set,seed production(from controlled pollination experiments)and total amount of pollen deposited on stigmas as proxies of F.itatiaiae reproductive success and related it to the community context(monthly abundance of conspecific and ornithophilous flowers,floral display,presence of ornithophilous neighbors).The results showed overlapping flowering peaks of some ornithophilous plant species(Buddleja speciosissima and Gaultheria serrata)with F.itatiaiae.The species with the strongest interactions with shared hummingbirds were Fuchsia regia,F.itatiaiae,and Buddleja speciosissima,based on the relative frequency of hummingbird visitation per hour.Additionally,we found that,although the floral community context had no direct significant influence on the pollination success of F.itatiaiae,its reproductive success depended directly on the presence of hummingbirds.This dependence on pollinators suggests that the conservation of F.itatiaiae may rely not only on measures targeting the species itself,but also on broader effort to protect the ecological interactions that sustain the local pollination network.展开更多
This study introduces a novel methodology and makes case studies for anomaly detection in multivariate oil production time-series data,utilizing a supervised Transformer algorithm to identify spurious events related t...This study introduces a novel methodology and makes case studies for anomaly detection in multivariate oil production time-series data,utilizing a supervised Transformer algorithm to identify spurious events related to interval control valves(ICVs)in intelligent well completions(IWC).Transformer algorithms present significant advantages in time-series anomaly detection,primarily due to their ability to handle data drift and capture complex patterns effectively.Their self-attention mechanism allows these models to adapt to shifts in data distribution over time,ensuring resilience against changes that can occur in time-series data.Additionally,Transformers excel at identifying intricate temporal dependencies and long-range interactions,which are often challenging for traditional models.Field tests conducted in the ultradeep water subsea wells of the Santos Basin further validate the model’s capability for early anomaly identification of ICVs,minimizing non-productive time and safeguarding well integrity.The model achieved an accuracy of 0.9544,a balanced accuracy of 0.9694 and an F1-Score of 0.9574,representing significant improvements over previous literature models.展开更多
This paper presents a method for estimating the parameters of DC-link capacitors in three-level NPC voltage source inverters(3L-NPC-VSI)used in grid-tied systems.The technique uses the signals generated by the intermo...This paper presents a method for estimating the parameters of DC-link capacitors in three-level NPC voltage source inverters(3L-NPC-VSI)used in grid-tied systems.The technique uses the signals generated by the intermodulation caused by the PWM strategy and converter topology interaction to estimate the capacitor parameters of the converter DC-link.It utilizes an observer-based structure consisting of a recursive noninteger sliding discrete Fourier transform(rnSDFT)and an RLS filter improved with a forgetting factor(oSDFT-RLS)to accurately estimate the capacitance and equivalent series resistance(ESR).Importantly,this method does not require additional sensors beyond those already installed in off-the-shelf 3L-NPC-VSI systems,ensuring its noninvasiveness.Furthermore,the oSDFTRLS estimates capacitor parameters in the time-frequency domain,enabling the tracking of capacitor degradation and predicting potential faults.Experimental results from the laboratory setup demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed condition monitoring method.展开更多
Soybean yield contests have been generating useful information regarding the cultivation of this important crop commodity. The aim of this study was to analyze environmental, management, and economic variables associa...Soybean yield contests have been generating useful information regarding the cultivation of this important crop commodity. The aim of this study was to analyze environmental, management, and economic variables associated with soybean yield contest winners in Brazil. Data from eleven summer soybean harvests included grain yield, rainfall, climatic and agronomic efficiency, soil chemical and physical attributes, management strategies, and economic indicators. Two grain yield classes were evaluated: 1) high yield(4967–6839 kg ha^(-1)) and 2) very high yield(6859–8945 kg ha^(-1)). Enhanced soybean yield was due to adequate rainfall that led to high climatic efficiency(77%) and high agronomic efficiency;average values ranged between 78%(high yield class) and 86%(very high yield class). Correction and maintenance of soil chemical and physical quality(surface and subsurface), alternative fertilization and microbial co-inoculation were notable. Winners in the very high yield class reported higher soil K^(+), Ca^(2+), and Mg^(2+) levels, more frequent use of dolomitic limestone, greater soil structural quality, greater use of biostimulants(via foliar spray), and higher net revenue. While high climatic efficiency was fundamental for success, intensive integration of technologies with conservation practices for better soil and crop management are necessary to maximize soybean yield and economic gains.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 sparked a new awareness of fundamental human needs,bringing mental health to the forefront as a global priority.Social isolation and the abrupt shift in daily routines revealed how enviro...The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 sparked a new awareness of fundamental human needs,bringing mental health to the forefront as a global priority.Social isolation and the abrupt shift in daily routines revealed how environments directly impact physical and emotional well-being.In this context,Neuroarchitecture emerged as an innovative solution,applying neuroscience principles to spatial design in order to enhance quality of life.This field studies how elements such as color,lighting,acoustics,layout,and natural features affect the brain and emotions.These parameters guide the creation of spaces that reduce stress,increase productivity,and foster a sense of comfort.Within the scope of biophilic design,strategies such as the use of natural light and the arrangement of areas that encourage social interaction have proven effective.With the rise of remote work and the growing value placed on functional homes,Neuroarchitecture has gained significance,demonstrating that well-designed environments can improve mental health.Businesses,schools,and hospitals have also begun adopting these concepts,creating more welcoming and efficient spaces.Therefore,the pandemic accelerated a transformation in how spaces are inhabited and designed,underscoring that architecture and psychology must go hand in hand.Neuroarchitecture is not just a trend,but a necessity in a world seeking balance between functionality and well-being.展开更多
Objectives:As the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy(DMD)is a progressive neuromuscular disorder frequently associated with cardiac dysfunction,this study aimed to evaluate the influence of beta-blocker therapy on cardiac au...Objectives:As the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy(DMD)is a progressive neuromuscular disorder frequently associated with cardiac dysfunction,this study aimed to evaluate the influence of beta-blocker therapy on cardiac autonomic modulation in adolescents withDMDby analyzing heart rate variability(HRV)indices in patients with and without betablockers.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 90 participants divided into three groups:(1)participants with DMD receiving beta-blocker therapy(DMDB,n=30),(2)participants with DMD without beta-blocker therapy(GMDM,n=30),and(3)age-and sex-matched typically developing participants(GDT,n=30).HRV was assessed using validated beat-to-beat heart rate monitoring(RS800CX,Polar)under controlled conditions.Linear and non-linear HRV indices(including Detrended Fluctuation Analysis and Symbolic Dynamics)were analysed using Kubios HRV software.Results:DMD patients exhibited autonomic impairment,characterized by decreased HRV,increased sympathetic dominance,and reduced parasympathetic modulation.Betablocker therapy was associated with significantly higher Mean Beat-to-beat interval(RR)and lower Mean Heart Rate(HR)compared to the non-beta-blocker DMD group,with values approaching those observed in typically developing participants.Non-linear indices suggested thatDMDpatients receiving beta-blockers demonstrated increased HRV complexity and fractal properties compared to those not receiving beta-blockers,although differences remained between the DMD and control groups.Conclusions:Autonomic dysfunction in DMD is characterized by reduced HRV and altered sympathovagal balance.In our results,beta-blocker therapy was associated with improved HRV and enhanced autonomic control.These findings highlight the potential cardioprotective role of betablockers in DMD management and emphasize the need for further research into optimizing autonomic function in DMD.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of abdominal ultrasound (US) for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in severe obese subjects and its relation to histological grade of steatosis. METHODS: A consecutive ...AIM:To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of abdominal ultrasound (US) for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in severe obese subjects and its relation to histological grade of steatosis. METHODS: A consecutive series of obese patients, who underwent bariatric surgery from October 2004 to May 2005, was selected. Ultrasonography was performed in all patients as part of routine preoperative time and an intraoperative wedge biopsy was obtained at the beginning of the bariatric surgery. The US and histological findings of steatosis were compared, considering histology as the gold standard. RESULTS: The study included 105 patients. The mean age was 37.2 ± 10.6 years and 75.2% were female. The histological prevalence of steatosis was 89.5%. The sensitivity and specificity of US in the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis were, respectively, 64.9% (95% CI: 54.9-74.3) and 90.9% (95% CI: 57.1-99.5). The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were, respectively, 98.4% (95% CI: 90.2-99.9) and 23.3% (95% CI: 12.3-39.0). The presence of steatosis onUS was associated to advanced grades of steatosis on histology (P = 0.016). CONCLUSION: Preoperative abdominal US in our series has not shown to be an accurate method for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in severe obese patients. Until another non-invasive method demonstrates better sensitivity and specificity values, histological evaluation may be recommended to these patients undergoing bariatric surgery.展开更多
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP) is the most typical infection observed in cirrhosis patients. SBP is responsible for an in-hospital mortality rate of approximately 32%. Recently, pattern changes in the bacteria...Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP) is the most typical infection observed in cirrhosis patients. SBP is responsible for an in-hospital mortality rate of approximately 32%. Recently, pattern changes in the bacterial flora of cirrhosis patients have been observed, and an increase in the prevalence of infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria has been noted. The wide-scale use of quinolones in the prophylaxis of SBP has promoted flora modifications and resulted in the development of bacterial resistance. The efficacy of traditionally recommended therapy has been low in nosocomial infections(up to 40%), and multi-resistance has been observed in up to 22% of isolated germs in nosocomial SBP. For this reason, the use of a broad empirical spectrum antibiotic has been suggested in these situations. The distinction between community-acquired infectious episodes, healthcare-associated infections, or nosocomial infections, and the identification of risk factors for multi-resistant germs can aid in the decision-making process regarding the empirical choice of antibiotic therapy. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, such as carbapenems with or without glycopeptides or piperacillin-tazobactam, should be considered for the initial treatment not only of nosocomial infections but also of healthcare-associated infections when the risk factors or severity signs for multi-resistant bacteria are apparent. The use of cephalosporins should be restricted to community-acquired infections.展开更多
文摘The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of souari nut peel on the fermentative characteristics and chemical composition of the Mombasa grass silage.A completely randomized design with five levels of addition(0%,5%,10%,15%and 20%in natural matter basis)of souari nut peel with three replicates was applied in the study.The silos were opened at 55 d after starting the ensiling process.The data were analyzed by means of linear/quadratic regression analysis,according to the best fit of the data and the probability values to 5%,using the Statistical Analysis System(SAS,2002).There were a linear decreasing effect on the neutral detergent fiber(NDF),ash and increasing values for the effluent in the silage.Quadratic effect was observed for crude protein(CP),lignin and pH.For the other factors dry matter(DM),acid detergent fiber(ADF)and gases there was no influence on the addition of souari nut peel.The 15%addition level of souari nut peel increased CP content,decreased NDF and pH,which was recommended to improve the fermentation profile of Mombasa grass silage.
基金thank CNPq,CAPES and FAPEMIG for the scholarships,and financial support for the development of this research.
文摘Anatomical studies in the leaflet globoid galls of Caryocar brasiliense, the “pequi”, aimed to answer how oviposition and the feeding behavior of the galling herbivores altered the morphogenical patterns of the host plant. C. brasiliense globoid gall was 1.28 ± 0.20 mm × 0.90 ± 0.25 mm, with hairy surface;it is sessile and projected to the abaxial surface. Young galls were red while the mature ones were green. Preferentially, they were formed next to leaf margin and possessed one larval chamber containing a single galling specimen. Gall epidermis was uniseriate, with thicker cuticle and more hairy. In some spots, epidermis was substituted by periderm, which indicated the expression of a character usually absent in the leaf laminas. Morphological and anatomical features of these gall morphotype, such as its position in leaf lamina, the fact of being truly closed galls, with typical nutritive tissue involved by sclerenchyma, made them next to the pattern proposed for galls induced by some Hymenoptera.
文摘Astrocytes,a major class of glial cells,have emerged as crucial regulators of synaptic function,neuronal homeostasis,and cognitive processes(Cabral-Miranda et al.,2024).These star-shaped cells not only provide structural and metabolic support to neurons but also actively participate in modulating synaptic transmission,neurovascular coupling,and inflammatory responses in the brain.
基金Fundação de AmparoàPesquisa do Estado de São Paulo(FAPESP,Brazil,#2020/11667-0)and Universidade Federal do ABC(UFABC,Brazil)were recipients of fellowships from FAPESP:THLV(#2021/11969-9 and#2024/00828-3),GBS(#2021/14227-3),and GMB(#2024/10858-7)+1 种基金recipients of fellowships from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior(CAPES,Brazil):MIM(Finance Code 001,#88887.597402/2021-00)recipients of fellowships from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq,Brazil.):GKD(#145164/2024-1),and DRA(#308819/2022-5).
文摘The intricate landscape of neurodegenerative diseases complicates the search for effective therapeutic approaches.Photoreceptor degeneration,the common endpoint in various retinal diseases,including retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration,leads to vision loss or blindness.While primary cell death is driven by genetic mutations,oxidative stress,and neuroinflammation,additional mechanisms contribute to disease progression.In retinitis pigmentosa,a multitude of genetic alterations can trigger the degeneration of photoreceptors,while other retinopathies,such as agerelated macular degeneration,are initiated by combinations of environmental factors,such as diet,smoking,and hypertension,with genetic predispositions.Nutraceutical therapies,which blend the principles of nutrition and pharmaceuticals,aim to harness the health benefits of bioactive compounds for therapeutic applications.These compounds generally possess multi-target effects.Polyphenols and flavonoids,secondary plant metabolites abundant in plant-based foods,are known for their antioxidant,neuroprotective,and anti-inflammatory properties.This review focuses on the potential of polyphenols and flavonoids as nutraceuticals to treat neurodegenerative diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa.Furthermore,the importance of developing reliable delivery methods to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of these compounds will be discussed.By combining nutraceuticals with other emerging therapies,such as genetic and cell-based treatments,it is possible to offer a more comprehensive approach to treating retinal degenerative diseases.These advancements could lead to a viable and accessible option,improving the quality of life for patients with retinal diseases.
文摘The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal(SDG) 2 aims to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030.However,global hunger and food insecurity have continued to rise at an alarming rate(UN 2023).Subtropical regions are home to more than 30% of the world's population,predominantly in developing countries where per capita farmland and food supply are only 40% of those in developed nations(FAO 2018).Meeting the Zero Hunger target amid ongoing population growth in these regions requires a substantial increase in agricultural production while minimizing soil degradation and adverse ecological impacts.This challenge is shared by many countries across South Asia,Africa,and Central and South America.
基金supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico eTecnologico(CNPq)(grant No.142165/2018-2)Mr.Araujo-Filho had a doctoral scholarship and Dr.Bevilaqua has a research fellowship(grant No.305911/2019-8)from CNPq.
文摘Eucalyptus staigeriana essential oil(EsEO)has well-known anthelmintic activity in small ruminants.However,its volatility limits its therapeutic action.The aim of this study was to develop a water-in-oil sodium alginatebased nanoemulsion with an effective in vitro effect on the eggs and larvae of Haemonchus contortus,a gastrointestinal parasite of sheep and goats.Four oil-in-water sodium alginate-based emulsions were prepared using a high-energy method with different proportions of Tween 80,EsEO,and sodium alginate(ALG)4%.The physical-chemical characterization included stability,particle size,zeta potential and infrared spectra.The effects of the emulsions were evaluated against H.contortus via the egg hatching test(EHT)and larval development test(LDT).The results showed that the emulsions were stable over 7 days,nanometer scale particles(218.8 to 371.5 nm)predominating and with negative zeta potentials(−28.9 to−46.9 mV).All four emulsions were more effective than EsEO in the EHT,with 50%effective concentrations(EC50)of 0.088 to 0.15 mg/mL for the emulsions and 0.308 mg/mL for EsEO.However,in the LDT,the emulsions and essential oil had similar effects,with EC50 values of 3.91 to 4.60 mg/mL for the emulsions and 4.17 mg/mL for EsEO.Emulsion 2,with low Tween 80/EsEO and ALG/EsEO ratios,was considered better overall in terms of physical,chemical and anthelmintic assessment and is a promising candidate for further in vivo assays against adult H.contortus.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52222111)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China “Key Technologies and Equipment for Deepwater Dry Oil and Gas Production and Processing Platforms”(No. 2024ZD1403300)+1 种基金Subproject 5 “Research on Safety Risk Assessment Technology System for Deepwater Dry Oil and Gas Production and Processing Platforms”(No. 2024ZD1403305)the China Scholarship Council (202306440019)。
文摘A numerical simulation analysis is conducted to examine the unsteady hydrodynamic characteristics of vortex-induced vibration(VIV)and the suppression effect of helical strakes on VIV in subsea pipelines.The analysis uses the standard k−εturbulence model for 4.5-and 12.75-inch pipes,and its accuracy is verified by comparing the results with large-scale hydrodynamic experiments.These experiments are designed to evaluate the suppression efficiency of VIV with and without helical strakes,focusing on displacement and drag coefficients under different flow conditions.Furthermore,the influence of important geometric parameters of the helical strakes on drag coefficients and VIV suppression efficiency at different flow rates is compared and discussed.Numerical results agree well with experimental data for drag coefficient and vortex shedding frequency.Spring-pipe self-excited vibration experimental tests reveal that the installation of helical strakes substantially reduces the drag coefficient of VIV within a certain flow rate range,achieving suppression efficiencies exceeding 90%with strake heights larger than 0.15D.Notably,the optimized parameter combination of helical strakes,with a pitch of 15D,a fin height of 0.2D,and 45°edge slopes,maintains high suppression efficiency,thereby exhibiting superior performance.This study provides a valuable reference for the design and application of helical strakes and VIV suppression in subsea engineering.
基金the Minas Gerais State Research Support Foundation(FAPEMIG)for the master's scholarship.MW thanks CNPq(Process 436335/2018-2)PJB thanks FAPERJ(Process E-26/201.867/2020).
文摘Network analysis is a powerful tool to identify key species for the stability of ecological communities.For endangered species like Fernseea itatiaiae,understanding its role within the network is vital for revealing how interactions with pollinators influence its reproductive success and vulnerability.This insight is crucial for conservation strategies.Thus,the community context revealed by interaction networks can inform conservation strategies for threatened species.The ornithophilous bromeliad Fernseea itatiaiae(Wawra)Baker is restricted to the Itatiaia Plateau(southeast Brazil)and is assessed as endangered(EN).Fernseea itatiaiae and 14 other plant species have floral morphology related to hummingbird pollination(ornithophily),serving as floral resources for hummingbirds in the area.We used a field monitoring experiment to assess how the phenology and availability of conspecific and heterospecific ornithophilous floral resources at the community level affect the pollination of F.itatiaiae.We measured the fruit set,seed production(from controlled pollination experiments)and total amount of pollen deposited on stigmas as proxies of F.itatiaiae reproductive success and related it to the community context(monthly abundance of conspecific and ornithophilous flowers,floral display,presence of ornithophilous neighbors).The results showed overlapping flowering peaks of some ornithophilous plant species(Buddleja speciosissima and Gaultheria serrata)with F.itatiaiae.The species with the strongest interactions with shared hummingbirds were Fuchsia regia,F.itatiaiae,and Buddleja speciosissima,based on the relative frequency of hummingbird visitation per hour.Additionally,we found that,although the floral community context had no direct significant influence on the pollination success of F.itatiaiae,its reproductive success depended directly on the presence of hummingbirds.This dependence on pollinators suggests that the conservation of F.itatiaiae may rely not only on measures targeting the species itself,but also on broader effort to protect the ecological interactions that sustain the local pollination network.
文摘This study introduces a novel methodology and makes case studies for anomaly detection in multivariate oil production time-series data,utilizing a supervised Transformer algorithm to identify spurious events related to interval control valves(ICVs)in intelligent well completions(IWC).Transformer algorithms present significant advantages in time-series anomaly detection,primarily due to their ability to handle data drift and capture complex patterns effectively.Their self-attention mechanism allows these models to adapt to shifts in data distribution over time,ensuring resilience against changes that can occur in time-series data.Additionally,Transformers excel at identifying intricate temporal dependencies and long-range interactions,which are often challenging for traditional models.Field tests conducted in the ultradeep water subsea wells of the Santos Basin further validate the model’s capability for early anomaly identification of ICVs,minimizing non-productive time and safeguarding well integrity.The model achieved an accuracy of 0.9544,a balanced accuracy of 0.9694 and an F1-Score of 0.9574,representing significant improvements over previous literature models.
基金funded by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development—CNPq(CNPq grant number 405997/2022-1)supported by the EMBRAPII VIRTUS Competence Center in Intelligent Hardware for Industry—VIRTUS-CC(MCTI grant number 055/2023).
文摘This paper presents a method for estimating the parameters of DC-link capacitors in three-level NPC voltage source inverters(3L-NPC-VSI)used in grid-tied systems.The technique uses the signals generated by the intermodulation caused by the PWM strategy and converter topology interaction to estimate the capacitor parameters of the converter DC-link.It utilizes an observer-based structure consisting of a recursive noninteger sliding discrete Fourier transform(rnSDFT)and an RLS filter improved with a forgetting factor(oSDFT-RLS)to accurately estimate the capacitance and equivalent series resistance(ESR).Importantly,this method does not require additional sensors beyond those already installed in off-the-shelf 3L-NPC-VSI systems,ensuring its noninvasiveness.Furthermore,the oSDFTRLS estimates capacitor parameters in the time-frequency domain,enabling the tracking of capacitor degradation and predicting potential faults.Experimental results from the laboratory setup demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed condition monitoring method.
文摘Soybean yield contests have been generating useful information regarding the cultivation of this important crop commodity. The aim of this study was to analyze environmental, management, and economic variables associated with soybean yield contest winners in Brazil. Data from eleven summer soybean harvests included grain yield, rainfall, climatic and agronomic efficiency, soil chemical and physical attributes, management strategies, and economic indicators. Two grain yield classes were evaluated: 1) high yield(4967–6839 kg ha^(-1)) and 2) very high yield(6859–8945 kg ha^(-1)). Enhanced soybean yield was due to adequate rainfall that led to high climatic efficiency(77%) and high agronomic efficiency;average values ranged between 78%(high yield class) and 86%(very high yield class). Correction and maintenance of soil chemical and physical quality(surface and subsurface), alternative fertilization and microbial co-inoculation were notable. Winners in the very high yield class reported higher soil K^(+), Ca^(2+), and Mg^(2+) levels, more frequent use of dolomitic limestone, greater soil structural quality, greater use of biostimulants(via foliar spray), and higher net revenue. While high climatic efficiency was fundamental for success, intensive integration of technologies with conservation practices for better soil and crop management are necessary to maximize soybean yield and economic gains.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 sparked a new awareness of fundamental human needs,bringing mental health to the forefront as a global priority.Social isolation and the abrupt shift in daily routines revealed how environments directly impact physical and emotional well-being.In this context,Neuroarchitecture emerged as an innovative solution,applying neuroscience principles to spatial design in order to enhance quality of life.This field studies how elements such as color,lighting,acoustics,layout,and natural features affect the brain and emotions.These parameters guide the creation of spaces that reduce stress,increase productivity,and foster a sense of comfort.Within the scope of biophilic design,strategies such as the use of natural light and the arrangement of areas that encourage social interaction have proven effective.With the rise of remote work and the growing value placed on functional homes,Neuroarchitecture has gained significance,demonstrating that well-designed environments can improve mental health.Businesses,schools,and hospitals have also begun adopting these concepts,creating more welcoming and efficient spaces.Therefore,the pandemic accelerated a transformation in how spaces are inhabited and designed,underscoring that architecture and psychology must go hand in hand.Neuroarchitecture is not just a trend,but a necessity in a world seeking balance between functionality and well-being.
文摘Objectives:As the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy(DMD)is a progressive neuromuscular disorder frequently associated with cardiac dysfunction,this study aimed to evaluate the influence of beta-blocker therapy on cardiac autonomic modulation in adolescents withDMDby analyzing heart rate variability(HRV)indices in patients with and without betablockers.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 90 participants divided into three groups:(1)participants with DMD receiving beta-blocker therapy(DMDB,n=30),(2)participants with DMD without beta-blocker therapy(GMDM,n=30),and(3)age-and sex-matched typically developing participants(GDT,n=30).HRV was assessed using validated beat-to-beat heart rate monitoring(RS800CX,Polar)under controlled conditions.Linear and non-linear HRV indices(including Detrended Fluctuation Analysis and Symbolic Dynamics)were analysed using Kubios HRV software.Results:DMD patients exhibited autonomic impairment,characterized by decreased HRV,increased sympathetic dominance,and reduced parasympathetic modulation.Betablocker therapy was associated with significantly higher Mean Beat-to-beat interval(RR)and lower Mean Heart Rate(HR)compared to the non-beta-blocker DMD group,with values approaching those observed in typically developing participants.Non-linear indices suggested thatDMDpatients receiving beta-blockers demonstrated increased HRV complexity and fractal properties compared to those not receiving beta-blockers,although differences remained between the DMD and control groups.Conclusions:Autonomic dysfunction in DMD is characterized by reduced HRV and altered sympathovagal balance.In our results,beta-blocker therapy was associated with improved HRV and enhanced autonomic control.These findings highlight the potential cardioprotective role of betablockers in DMD management and emphasize the need for further research into optimizing autonomic function in DMD.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of abdominal ultrasound (US) for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in severe obese subjects and its relation to histological grade of steatosis. METHODS: A consecutive series of obese patients, who underwent bariatric surgery from October 2004 to May 2005, was selected. Ultrasonography was performed in all patients as part of routine preoperative time and an intraoperative wedge biopsy was obtained at the beginning of the bariatric surgery. The US and histological findings of steatosis were compared, considering histology as the gold standard. RESULTS: The study included 105 patients. The mean age was 37.2 ± 10.6 years and 75.2% were female. The histological prevalence of steatosis was 89.5%. The sensitivity and specificity of US in the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis were, respectively, 64.9% (95% CI: 54.9-74.3) and 90.9% (95% CI: 57.1-99.5). The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were, respectively, 98.4% (95% CI: 90.2-99.9) and 23.3% (95% CI: 12.3-39.0). The presence of steatosis onUS was associated to advanced grades of steatosis on histology (P = 0.016). CONCLUSION: Preoperative abdominal US in our series has not shown to be an accurate method for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in severe obese patients. Until another non-invasive method demonstrates better sensitivity and specificity values, histological evaluation may be recommended to these patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
文摘Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP) is the most typical infection observed in cirrhosis patients. SBP is responsible for an in-hospital mortality rate of approximately 32%. Recently, pattern changes in the bacterial flora of cirrhosis patients have been observed, and an increase in the prevalence of infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria has been noted. The wide-scale use of quinolones in the prophylaxis of SBP has promoted flora modifications and resulted in the development of bacterial resistance. The efficacy of traditionally recommended therapy has been low in nosocomial infections(up to 40%), and multi-resistance has been observed in up to 22% of isolated germs in nosocomial SBP. For this reason, the use of a broad empirical spectrum antibiotic has been suggested in these situations. The distinction between community-acquired infectious episodes, healthcare-associated infections, or nosocomial infections, and the identification of risk factors for multi-resistant germs can aid in the decision-making process regarding the empirical choice of antibiotic therapy. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents, such as carbapenems with or without glycopeptides or piperacillin-tazobactam, should be considered for the initial treatment not only of nosocomial infections but also of healthcare-associated infections when the risk factors or severity signs for multi-resistant bacteria are apparent. The use of cephalosporins should be restricted to community-acquired infections.
