The influence of global climate change on endangered species is of growing concern, especially for rosewood species that are in urgent need of protection and restoration. Ecological niche models are commonly used to e...The influence of global climate change on endangered species is of growing concern, especially for rosewood species that are in urgent need of protection and restoration. Ecological niche models are commonly used to evaluate probable species’ distribution under climate change and contribute to decision-making to define efficient management strategies. A model was developed to forecast which habitat was most likely appropriate for the Dalbergia odorifera. We screened the main climatic variables that describe the current geographic distribution of the species based on maximum entropy modelling (Maxent). We subsequently assessed its potential future distribution under moderate (RCP2.6) and severe (RCP8.5) climate change scenarios for the years 2050 and 2070. The precipitation ranges of the wettest month and the warmest quarter are the primary limiting factors for the current distribution of D. odorifera among the climatic predictors. Climate change will be expected to have beneficial effects on the distribution range of D. odorifera. In conclusion, the main limits for the distribution of D. odorifera are determined by the level of precipitation and human activities. The results of this study indicate that the coasts of southern China and Chongqing will play a key role in the protection and restoration of D. odorifera in the future.展开更多
由联合国粮农组织认定的全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)是一类典型的社会生态生产景观(SEPLS),在传统知识传承保护、粮食与食物安全保障、农业生物多样性保护、气候变化应对等诸多方面具有重要意义。为了更好、更有效地开展GIAHS保护及管...由联合国粮农组织认定的全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)是一类典型的社会生态生产景观(SEPLS),在传统知识传承保护、粮食与食物安全保障、农业生物多样性保护、气候变化应对等诸多方面具有重要意义。为了更好、更有效地开展GIAHS保护及管理工作,本文在分析GIAHS评估重要性和恢复力概念的基础上,以联合国大学(UNU)等团队开发的社会生态生产景观恢复力评估框架(SEPLS模型)为基础,构建了GIAHS恢复力评估框架(GIAHS-RAF),明确了其评估及计算过程。并以中国第1个GIAHS项目——浙江青田稻鱼共生系统(Qingtian Rice-Fish Culture System in Zhejiang Province,RFC)为例,通过对核心保护区——龙现村在2004年(GIAHS项目授牌前)和2016年(GIAHS授牌11年)的恢复力状况进行评估,探讨模型在GIAHS保护成效评估中的适用性。研究结果显示:1)2016年龙现村恢复力整体状况相对较弱,各项资本评估得分为:物质资本(0.75)>经济资本(0.63)>人类资本(0.61)>社会资本(0.57)>自然资本(0.38);2)虽然农户收入来源多样且社会经济基础设施能较好地满足社区需求,但是遗产地内部农业物种较少,农户对于系统提供的粮食多样性尚不是非常满意;3)相较于2004年,经过11年的保护工作,研究区恢复力有所提高,说明GIAHS项目的实施对该遗产的恢复力有积极影响,尤其是物质资本和经济资本两方面。评估结果与该区域相关研究结果及实地调查情况一致,说明所构建的GIAHS恢复力评估框架可以很好地应用于对GIAHS项目及其他相关农业文化遗产的保护成效评估工作。展开更多
西双版纳黄瓜(Cucumis sativus var. xishuangbannanesis)是黄瓜的一个变种。云南省西双版纳及周边地区的少数民族长期以来栽培、管理和利用这种黄瓜,使它成为当地重要的作物农家品种,对其开展民族植物学研究,了解其传统知识十分必要。...西双版纳黄瓜(Cucumis sativus var. xishuangbannanesis)是黄瓜的一个变种。云南省西双版纳及周边地区的少数民族长期以来栽培、管理和利用这种黄瓜,使它成为当地重要的作物农家品种,对其开展民族植物学研究,了解其传统知识十分必要。我们于2017–2018年在西双版纳傣族自治州调查了西双版纳黄瓜农家品种及其相关的传统知识。结果表明,与现代品种相比,西双版纳黄瓜农家品种具有香味浓郁、耐贮藏等特异性;西双版纳的傣族、基诺族、彝族、瑶族等少数民族拥有丰富的关于西双版纳黄瓜农家品种的传统知识。西双版纳黄瓜种质资源在大部分村寨已经消失或濒临消失,与之相关的传统知识也随之消亡,目前仅在海拔较高、交通欠发达的边远山区还栽培和保留了少量的农家品种。建议开展西双版纳黄瓜农家品种的原生境保护,既保护其种质资源,也保护相关的传统知识。展开更多
Naked oat is a unique health food crop in China. Using 202 F2 individuals derived from a hybrid between the variety 578 and the landrace Sanfensan, we constructed a genetic linkage map consisting of 22 linkage groups ...Naked oat is a unique health food crop in China. Using 202 F2 individuals derived from a hybrid between the variety 578 and the landrace Sanfensan, we constructed a genetic linkage map consisting of 22 linkage groups covering 2070.50 c M and including 208 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers. The minimum distance between adjacent markers was0.01 c M and the average was 9.95 c M. Each linkage group contained 2–22 markers. The largest linkage group covered 174.40 c M and the shortest one covered 36.80 c M, with an average of 94.11 c M. Thirty-six markers(17.3%) showing distorted segregation were distributed across linkage groups LG5 to LG22. This map complements published oat genetic maps and is applicable for quantitative trait locus analysis, gene cloning and molecular marker-assisted selection.展开更多
Organic agriculture promotes disease suppression through healthy soils by increasing biological activity and diversity through the application of organic fertilizers and increasing organic inputs. Fusarium wilt of ban...Organic agriculture promotes disease suppression through healthy soils by increasing biological activity and diversity through the application of organic fertilizers and increasing organic inputs. Fusarium wilt of bananas (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Fcubense) (Foc), also known as Panama disease, has been a devastating disease throughout the world. So far, no fungicides or cultural measures have been found that control Foc sufficiently. The aim of this research was to assess whether organic-based farming systems were more resilient than inorganic farming systems to soil borne diseases, in particular Fusarium wilts. A survey was conducted comparing five organic and five conventional banana plantations at paired sites in north Queensland, Australia. Soil samples were collected and analysed for chemical, physical and biological soil health indicators. Disease development of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in tomatoes and Foc in bananas were studied in pot trials to pursue clues for identifying Fusarium suppressive soil traits. Organic soils from the survey showed higher microbial activity and lower disease symptom expression (both with tomatoes and bananas) than conventional soils. In the survey, nematode diversity and soil sulphate content were recurring indicators in all experiments showing close correlations to pathogen growth, disease expression and plant health. Organic soils were lower in plant-parasitic nematodes and sulphate sulphur levels and higher in nematode diversity, labile soil C and microbial indicators. Soil conduciveness or suppression of Foc appeared to be largely governed by competition for carbon. Measurement of soil microbial enzyme activity, nematode community structure and diversity and possibly sulphate sulphur seem to provide a relatively reliable indicator for general disease suppression. Differences between organic and conventional agriculture cannot be related to single management practices, but may be linked to synergies among system components.展开更多
The present study evaluates variations among flaxseed varities in terms of fatty acid composition,phytochemical profile,and antioxidant activity determined by oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC),2,2-Diphenyl-1-pi...The present study evaluates variations among flaxseed varities in terms of fatty acid composition,phytochemical profile,and antioxidant activity determined by oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC),2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and ferrous ion reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)assays.Significant variations in fatty acid composition,phenolic acids and lignan were observed in flaxseed varieties from different countries.Among them,unsaturated fatty acids accounted over 4/5 of total fatty acid content.The highest ratio of linolenic acid of total fatty acid was observed in USPEA,whereas the lowest one was found in Yexiao.USPEA showed the highest content of total phenolics,as well as flaxseed lignan.In general,total phenolics appeared to be the main contributors of antioxidant capacity of flaxseed,which presented significant positive correlation.Our study revealed that both cultivar and origin of seed significantly affected fatty acid composition,phenolic acids,lignans and subsequent antioxidant activity of flaxseed.These results provided new aspects of breeding resources of flaxseed cultivars by presenting their quality specification and possible commercial value.展开更多
Fusarium wilt of banana, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropic race 4(Foc TR4), is a typical vascular and soil-borne disease which has significantly threatened the sustainable development of banana indust...Fusarium wilt of banana, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropic race 4(Foc TR4), is a typical vascular and soil-borne disease which has significantly threatened the sustainable development of banana industry. In order to reveal the infection process and pathogenesis of Foc TR4, the young mycelia(66.7 mg/ml) of wild-type strain of Foc TR4(WT-Foc TR4) cultured for 18-20 h were lysed with enzyme mixture for protoplast formation, which consisted of 25 mg/ml driselase, 0.4 mg/ml chitinase, 15 mg/ml lysing enzyme and 1.2 mol/L potassium chloride. The resulted protoplasts of 2×10~7 cells/ml were used to test the efficiency of transformation mediated by polyethylene glycol, and up to 9 transformants per microgram of DNA were obtained. AmCyan, RFP and YFP genes were stably transferred into the WT-Foc TR4, separately, using the protoplast transformation system. The gene FoOCH1 encoding α-1, 6-mannosyltransferase in the WT-Foc TR4 was knocked out using the split-marker recombination technology. The genetic transformation and gene knockout system in this pathogen lays a foundation for the study of functional genomics and plant-pathogen interactions.展开更多
As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded,questions arose as to whether the pandemic would amplify or pacify tropical deforestation.Early reports warned of increased deforestation rates;however,these studies were limited to a...As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded,questions arose as to whether the pandemic would amplify or pacify tropical deforestation.Early reports warned of increased deforestation rates;however,these studies were limited to a few months in 2020 or to selected regions.To better understand how the pandemic infl uenced tropical deforestation globally,this study used historical deforestation data(2004–2019)from the Terra-i pantropical land cover change monitoring system to project expected deforestation trends for 2020,which were used to determine whether observed deforestation deviated from expected trajectories after the fi rst COVID-19 cases were reported.Time series analyses were conducted at the regional level for the Americas,Africa and Asia and at the country level for Brazil,Colombia,Peru,the Democratic Republic of Congo and Indonesia.Our results suggest that the pandemic did not alter the course of deforestation trends in some countries(e.g.,Brazil,Indonesia),while it did in others(e.g.,Peru).We posit the importance of monitoring the long-term eff ects of the pandemic on deforestation trends as countries prioritize economic recovery in the aftermath of the pandemic.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to understand the field resistance performance of different banana varieties and the prevention and control ef-fect of different fertilizers,so as to provide technical reference for the preven...[Objective]The paper was to understand the field resistance performance of different banana varieties and the prevention and control ef-fect of different fertilizers,so as to provide technical reference for the prevention and control of Fusarium wilt.[Method]Field trials were set up with three treatments:shrimp peptide organic fertilizer+shrimp peptide special protection+shrimp peptide fruit Yekang(simplified as shrimp peptide organic fertilizer treatment),conventional organic fertilizer+microbial preparations(simplified as microbial treatment),and conventional or-ganic fertilizer(simplified as control).Four different banana varieties of Brazilian banana,Guijiao No.1,Nantianhuang,and Yunjiao No.1 were se-lected for the field trial.The disease incidence of Fusarium wilt and the control effects of three fertilizers were investigated during four time periods.[Result]The disease incidence of four varieties in three treatments varied.The disease incidence of Nantianhuang and Yunjiao No.1 were signifi-cantly lower than that of other two varieties.There was also significant difference in disease incidence of three treatments.The disease incidence from high to low was control>shrimp peptide organic fertilizer treatment>microbial treatment.The average monthly TR4 pathogen content in heavily infected banana plantation was more than 2000 copies,while the highest one reached 15148.9 copies.[Conclusion]Microbial agents reduced the disease incidence of Fusarium wilt to some content.Nantianhuang and Yunjiao No.1 showed the highest disease resistance compared with other varieties.However,their resistance needs to be further improved before practical application.展开更多
Understanding the performance of new crop genotypes for traits of relevance is important in selecting potential cultivars to satisfy end-users. The objective of this study was to determine the performance of new banan...Understanding the performance of new crop genotypes for traits of relevance is important in selecting potential cultivars to satisfy end-users. The objective of this study was to determine the performance of new banana genotypes for bunch mass (BMS) and BMS-related traits, resistance to black Sigatoka and sensory attributes. Eight cooking banana genotypes consisting of six new hybrid genotypes selected from advanced breeding trials and two control cultivars were evaluated in a randomized complete block design for three crop cycles at three locations in Uganda. Genotype, location, crop cycle and their interaction effects were significantly different for most traits assessed. The overall top two genotypes (“9058K-2” and “8099K-16”) combining high BMS, resistance to black Sigatoka and acceptable sensory attributes were identified. These genotypes are suggested as potential commercial cultivars for release to farmers in Uganda and/or other East African countries with similar environmental conditions to those where the genotypes were tested. It should be noted that high BMS/yield and resistance to diseases are not the only factors to consider when selecting banana genotypes that meet end-user needs. A combination of high BMS/yield, acceptable sensory attributes and resistance to diseases essentially influence the selection process of banana cultivars.展开更多
Bananas demand high amounts of potassium for optimal growth and productivity, yet deficiencies are widespread amid the low input production strategy of smallholder farmers in Uganda. Of the potassium pool in the soil,...Bananas demand high amounts of potassium for optimal growth and productivity, yet deficiencies are widespread amid the low input production strategy of smallholder farmers in Uganda. Of the potassium pool in the soil, 90% - 98% is unavailable for plant uptake. Judicious application of fertilisers is required to alleviate soil fertility problems complemented with manures and biofertilisers in an integrated nutrient management (INM) package. Biofertilisers such as potassium solubilising bacteria (KSB) have potential to solubilise unavailable forms of K in soil to forms that are readily absorbed by the plants. However, the added value of each component in this integrated K management package in apple bananas is not known. Therefore, an experiment was set up to quantify the relative contribution of mineral K, manure and KSB on the growth of apple bananas. Potted tissue culture plantlets of apple banana (cv. Sukali ndiizi) were used. The treatments comprised of a full factorial combination of mineral fertiliser (Muriate of potash, 60% K<sub>2</sub>O), animal manure and KSB (<em>Frateuria auranta</em>). The manure and muriate of potash were applied to supply a total of 150 kg<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>K<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>ha<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>−</sup></span>. Soil microbiological assays were run to evaluate the contribution of indigenous microbial K solubilising activity in the soil to the experimental INM package. Data on pseudostem height, girth at collar and 30-cm height, leaf length and width at the widest point were collected once a week for 24 weeks. <em>Bacillus, Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Frateuria</em> were present as indigenous KSBs in the soil. The biofertiliser applied as <em>F. auranta</em> solubilised 7.4 mg<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>K<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>l<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>1</sup> (6.2 mg<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>K<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>kg<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>1</sup>) from soil minerals. The integrated K management package significantly (p < 0.001) increased the above ground biomass and leaf area of potted apple bananas by up to 57.5% compared to no input. The Study recommends an economic analysis study to determine the integrated K management package that would suit the resource constrained smallholder farmers.展开更多
As part of the promotion of common bean cultivation, fertilization methods will have to be proposed to growers. The aim of this study is therefore to develop a technical itinerary for dry bean fertilization. To this e...As part of the promotion of common bean cultivation, fertilization methods will have to be proposed to growers. The aim of this study is therefore to develop a technical itinerary for dry bean fertilization. To this end, different types of chemical and organic fertilizers were evaluated on three dry bean varieties (HARI25/GHA19, HARI35/GHA19 and HARI36/GUI21). Seven (7) doses of chemical and organic fertilizers were used, including two controls (D0 with no fertilizer and D1, the reference dose using NPK base and cover fertilizers in the form of urea). The fertilization trial was set up as a Split-Plot design, with variety as the primary factor and dose as the secondary factor. The experiment was repeated three (3) times. The results showed that vegetative development parameters and fruit set rate varied according to the variety studied. For yield and its components, the treatments had a significant effect. Indeed, the response of varieties to fertilizers was specific. For each variety used, the optimum yield was obtained with a different treatment, thus highlighting the genotype effect of the dry bean varieties studied. Among the treatments tested, D4 (5 t organic fertilizer/ha) performed best in all three varieties, generating yield increases of 20%, 46% and 91% respectively.展开更多
We examined demand and supply of Food Tree Species (FTS) products in Burkina Faso. The hypotheses were: 1) demand for FTS products by local communities exceeds what can be sustainably extracted, and 2) local communiti...We examined demand and supply of Food Tree Species (FTS) products in Burkina Faso. The hypotheses were: 1) demand for FTS products by local communities exceeds what can be sustainably extracted, and 2) local communities of the Sudanian zone have access to more diverse FTS products compared to Sahelian zone. Surveys were conducted in 300 households and 360 quadrats in landscapes surrounding 6 villages to determine the diversity, richness and availability of FTS. The results indicate that local communities tend to exploit FTS which are rare to find or absent in the landscape surrounding their village. While the range of FTS largely exploited tends to coincide across the two ecological zones, the diversity and density of the preferred FTS are discordant between the two zones. The results of the present study further support the need for conservation and restoration strategies to sustain the local communities demand for FTS products.展开更多
Forests,trees,and agroforestry(FTA)are ecosystem hotspots.They exemplify the contributions of biodiversity to sustainable and resilient landscapes,green circular economy and to sustainable agriculture and food systems...Forests,trees,and agroforestry(FTA)are ecosystem hotspots.They exemplify the contributions of biodiversity to sustainable and resilient landscapes,green circular economy and to sustainable agriculture and food systems for healthy diets.However,most research on these topics have been performed separately and lack comparison.The International FTA-Kunming Conference'Forests,trees and agroforestry for diverse sustainable landscapes'22nd–24th June 2021,focused on these contributions,brought together scientists NGOs,and policy makers to further the understanding of tree diversity;provided a communication platform for scientists to share their research results;evaluated the role of tree diversity in agroecology and circular agriculture;assessed benefits of landscape restoration;and explored applied research in mountain ecosystems and food security.The goals were to gather evidence that ground the design of solutions that can contribute to the implementation of the post 2020 Global Biodiversity Framework and towards the UN Food Systems Summit,and the overall implementation of the SDGs.This paper summarizes the outcomes of the international FTA Conference in Kunming 2021 and points out the highlights of research involved in six major themes.展开更多
Agricultural practices currently contribute to the emission of approximately 10%–12%atmospheric greenhouse gasses,with tillage agriculture accelerating soil disruption and carbon dioxide release.Nevertheless,various ...Agricultural practices currently contribute to the emission of approximately 10%–12%atmospheric greenhouse gasses,with tillage agriculture accelerating soil disruption and carbon dioxide release.Nevertheless,various options exist,such as converting new lands for agriculture,promoting healthier plant-based diets,adopting advanced management technologies,and minimizing food loss.However,these measures alone are insufficient to ensure environmental sustainability within planetary boundaries.展开更多
Deep learning and computer vision,using remote sensing and drones,are 2 promising nondestructive methods for plant monitoring and phenotyping.However,their applications are infeasible for many crop systems under tree ...Deep learning and computer vision,using remote sensing and drones,are 2 promising nondestructive methods for plant monitoring and phenotyping.However,their applications are infeasible for many crop systems under tree canopies,such as coffee crops,making it challenging to perform plant monitoring and phenotyping at a large spatial scale at a low cost.This study aims to develop a geographic-scale monitoring method for coffee cherry counting,supported by an artificial intelligence(AI)-powered citizen science approach.The approach uses basic smartphones to take a few pictures of coffee trees;2,968 trees were investigated with 8,904 pictures in Junin and Piura(Peru),Cauca,and Quindio(Colombia)in 2022,with the help of nearly 1,000 smallholder coffee farmers.Then,we trained and validated YOLO(You Only Look Once)v8 for detecting cherries in the dataset in Peru.An average number of cherries per picture was multiplied by the number of branches to estimate the total number of cherries per tree.The model's performance in Peru showed an R^(2)of 0.59.When the model was tested in Colombia,where different varieties are grown in different biogeoclimatic conditions,the model showed an R^(2)of 0.71.The overall performance in both countries reached an R^(2)of 0.72.The results suggest that the method can be applied to much broader scales and is transferable to other varieties,countries,and regions.To our knowledge,this is the first AI-powered method for counting coffee cherries and has the potential for a geographic-scale,multiyear,photo-based phenotypic monitoring for coffee crops in low-income countries worldwide.展开更多
The intense heatwaves of 2023 and 2024 underscored the serious health,food security,and well-being risks posed by extreme heat,emphasizing the urgent need to curb greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,especially methane(CH_(4)...The intense heatwaves of 2023 and 2024 underscored the serious health,food security,and well-being risks posed by extreme heat,emphasizing the urgent need to curb greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,especially methane(CH_(4)),which is 28 times more potent than carbon dioxide and primarily emitted through agriculture,fossil fuels,and waste(U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,2024).Cattle alone contribute approximately 231 billion pounds of CH_(4)annually,and rice cultivation is expected to increase by 9.9 billion tonnes by 2050(U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,2020).To effectively address this challenge,it is essential to balance microbial processes involved in CH_(4)production with sustainable agricultural practices—such as cultivating low-emission rice varieties,leveraging methanotrophs,and adopting efficient,low-methane livestock diets—as highlighted by the American Academy of Microbiology’s Microbes&Climate Change colloquium(2022).Achieving the COP28 Global CH_(4)Pledge’s 30%reduction goal by 2030 necessitates prioritizing these strategies.展开更多
Background:There is limited knowledge on how to increase soil organic car-bon(SOC)stocks under tropical conditions.This study investigates SOC changes after converting land from native savanna(NS)to improved pasture(I...Background:There is limited knowledge on how to increase soil organic car-bon(SOC)stocks under tropical conditions.This study investigates SOC changes after converting land from native savanna(NS)to improved pasture(IP)land use.Methods:Two acidic soil conversion sites were examined:(i)a poorly drained slope with medium‐texture soil(Casanare[CAS]1)and(ii)flat terrain withfine‐texture soil(CAS2).Anotherflat site was evaluated(Atlántico[ATL]),withfine‐textured to moderately textured neutral soil.Soil samples were col-lected and analyzed.SOC stocks(0–60 cm soil depth)were estimated,with a complex analysis of variance analyzing pasture type and soil depth.Results:NS to IP conversion resulted in significant SOC accumulation in two regions,with losses in one(CAS2).ATL showed higher SOC accumulation than CAS.IP adoption led to SOC accumulation at depth(0–60 cm)after 10 years in CAS1.Elevated clay content in CAS2 favored SOC storage,while poorly drained areas hindered accumulation in CAS1.Cultivating rice before IP at CAS2 likely depleted SOC(0–20 cm),with 4 years of IP not restoring initial levels.Conclusions:Adopting IP over NS can increase SOC.Grassland type,soil properties,and land‐use change all influence SOC accumulation.These data inform sustainable land management for low‐emission livestock production.展开更多
Agricultural biodiversity has a high importance in social-cultural,economic,and environmental aspects,and can help in adapting to and withstanding climate change.Conserving the GIAHS sites and the important components...Agricultural biodiversity has a high importance in social-cultural,economic,and environmental aspects,and can help in adapting to and withstanding climate change.Conserving the GIAHS sites and the important components within them can help conserve the agricultural biodiversity and traditional agricultural culture of the whole country.This study considered Ifugao Rice Terraces,Dong’s Rice-Fish-Duck System,and Hani Rice Terraces System as three examples which show that traditional culture can be used to protect agricultural biodiversity,while as a carrier of traditional culture,agricultural biodiversity also conveys and protects the traditional culture of the nation.According to the analyses,through several years of efforts,the status of agricultural biodiversity and traditional culture in them has improved.Then,to further promote agricultural biodiversity conservation and traditional culture protection,several suggestions are made,such as establishing community seed banks;documenting and preserving traditional farming methods,techniques,and tools and developing participatory activities which encourage more farmers to participate in the protection work.展开更多
GnpIS is a data repository for plant phenomics that stores whole field and greenhouse experimental data including environment measures.It allows long-term access to datasets following the FAIR principles:Findable,Acce...GnpIS is a data repository for plant phenomics that stores whole field and greenhouse experimental data including environment measures.It allows long-term access to datasets following the FAIR principles:Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,and Reusable,by using a flexible and original approach.It is based on a generic and ontology driven data model and an innovative software architecture that uncouples data integration,storage,and querying.It takes advantage of international standards including the Crop Ontology,MIAPPE,and the Breeding API.GnpIS allows handling data for a wide range of species and experiment types,including multiannual perennial plants experimental network or annual plant trials with either raw data,i.e.,direct measures,or computed traits.It also ensures the integration and the interoperability among phenotyping datasets and with genotyping data.This is achieved through a careful curation and annotation of the key resources conducted in close collaboration with the communities providing data.Our repository follows the Open Science data publication principles by ensuring citability of each dataset.Finally,GnpIS compliance with international standards enables its interoperability with other data repositories hence allowing data links between phenotype and other data types.GnpIS can therefore contribute to emerging international federations of information systems.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 31761143002,NSFC 3207178)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M710405)the National Forest and Grassland Genetic Recourse(No.2005DKA21003).
文摘The influence of global climate change on endangered species is of growing concern, especially for rosewood species that are in urgent need of protection and restoration. Ecological niche models are commonly used to evaluate probable species’ distribution under climate change and contribute to decision-making to define efficient management strategies. A model was developed to forecast which habitat was most likely appropriate for the Dalbergia odorifera. We screened the main climatic variables that describe the current geographic distribution of the species based on maximum entropy modelling (Maxent). We subsequently assessed its potential future distribution under moderate (RCP2.6) and severe (RCP8.5) climate change scenarios for the years 2050 and 2070. The precipitation ranges of the wettest month and the warmest quarter are the primary limiting factors for the current distribution of D. odorifera among the climatic predictors. Climate change will be expected to have beneficial effects on the distribution range of D. odorifera. In conclusion, the main limits for the distribution of D. odorifera are determined by the level of precipitation and human activities. The results of this study indicate that the coasts of southern China and Chongqing will play a key role in the protection and restoration of D. odorifera in the future.
文摘由联合国粮农组织认定的全球重要农业文化遗产(GIAHS)是一类典型的社会生态生产景观(SEPLS),在传统知识传承保护、粮食与食物安全保障、农业生物多样性保护、气候变化应对等诸多方面具有重要意义。为了更好、更有效地开展GIAHS保护及管理工作,本文在分析GIAHS评估重要性和恢复力概念的基础上,以联合国大学(UNU)等团队开发的社会生态生产景观恢复力评估框架(SEPLS模型)为基础,构建了GIAHS恢复力评估框架(GIAHS-RAF),明确了其评估及计算过程。并以中国第1个GIAHS项目——浙江青田稻鱼共生系统(Qingtian Rice-Fish Culture System in Zhejiang Province,RFC)为例,通过对核心保护区——龙现村在2004年(GIAHS项目授牌前)和2016年(GIAHS授牌11年)的恢复力状况进行评估,探讨模型在GIAHS保护成效评估中的适用性。研究结果显示:1)2016年龙现村恢复力整体状况相对较弱,各项资本评估得分为:物质资本(0.75)>经济资本(0.63)>人类资本(0.61)>社会资本(0.57)>自然资本(0.38);2)虽然农户收入来源多样且社会经济基础设施能较好地满足社区需求,但是遗产地内部农业物种较少,农户对于系统提供的粮食多样性尚不是非常满意;3)相较于2004年,经过11年的保护工作,研究区恢复力有所提高,说明GIAHS项目的实施对该遗产的恢复力有积极影响,尤其是物质资本和经济资本两方面。评估结果与该区域相关研究结果及实地调查情况一致,说明所构建的GIAHS恢复力评估框架可以很好地应用于对GIAHS项目及其他相关农业文化遗产的保护成效评估工作。
文摘西双版纳黄瓜(Cucumis sativus var. xishuangbannanesis)是黄瓜的一个变种。云南省西双版纳及周边地区的少数民族长期以来栽培、管理和利用这种黄瓜,使它成为当地重要的作物农家品种,对其开展民族植物学研究,了解其传统知识十分必要。我们于2017–2018年在西双版纳傣族自治州调查了西双版纳黄瓜农家品种及其相关的传统知识。结果表明,与现代品种相比,西双版纳黄瓜农家品种具有香味浓郁、耐贮藏等特异性;西双版纳的傣族、基诺族、彝族、瑶族等少数民族拥有丰富的关于西双版纳黄瓜农家品种的传统知识。西双版纳黄瓜种质资源在大部分村寨已经消失或濒临消失,与之相关的传统知识也随之消亡,目前仅在海拔较高、交通欠发达的边远山区还栽培和保留了少量的农家品种。建议开展西双版纳黄瓜农家品种的原生境保护,既保护其种质资源,也保护相关的传统知识。
基金funded by the National Crop Germplasm Resources Conservation Project (NB2010-2130135-25)the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-08-3)the cooperation project between China and Bioversity International (APO11/002)
文摘Naked oat is a unique health food crop in China. Using 202 F2 individuals derived from a hybrid between the variety 578 and the landrace Sanfensan, we constructed a genetic linkage map consisting of 22 linkage groups covering 2070.50 c M and including 208 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers. The minimum distance between adjacent markers was0.01 c M and the average was 9.95 c M. Each linkage group contained 2–22 markers. The largest linkage group covered 174.40 c M and the shortest one covered 36.80 c M, with an average of 94.11 c M. Thirty-six markers(17.3%) showing distorted segregation were distributed across linkage groups LG5 to LG22. This map complements published oat genetic maps and is applicable for quantitative trait locus analysis, gene cloning and molecular marker-assisted selection.
文摘Organic agriculture promotes disease suppression through healthy soils by increasing biological activity and diversity through the application of organic fertilizers and increasing organic inputs. Fusarium wilt of bananas (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Fcubense) (Foc), also known as Panama disease, has been a devastating disease throughout the world. So far, no fungicides or cultural measures have been found that control Foc sufficiently. The aim of this research was to assess whether organic-based farming systems were more resilient than inorganic farming systems to soil borne diseases, in particular Fusarium wilts. A survey was conducted comparing five organic and five conventional banana plantations at paired sites in north Queensland, Australia. Soil samples were collected and analysed for chemical, physical and biological soil health indicators. Disease development of F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici in tomatoes and Foc in bananas were studied in pot trials to pursue clues for identifying Fusarium suppressive soil traits. Organic soils from the survey showed higher microbial activity and lower disease symptom expression (both with tomatoes and bananas) than conventional soils. In the survey, nematode diversity and soil sulphate content were recurring indicators in all experiments showing close correlations to pathogen growth, disease expression and plant health. Organic soils were lower in plant-parasitic nematodes and sulphate sulphur levels and higher in nematode diversity, labile soil C and microbial indicators. Soil conduciveness or suppression of Foc appeared to be largely governed by competition for carbon. Measurement of soil microbial enzyme activity, nematode community structure and diversity and possibly sulphate sulphur seem to provide a relatively reliable indicator for general disease suppression. Differences between organic and conventional agriculture cannot be related to single management practices, but may be linked to synergies among system components.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System Fund(No.CARS-16-E13)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31401469)+1 种基金the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program in Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(No.ASTIPIBFC06)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(No.1610242019006).
文摘The present study evaluates variations among flaxseed varities in terms of fatty acid composition,phytochemical profile,and antioxidant activity determined by oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC),2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and ferrous ion reducing antioxidant power(FRAP)assays.Significant variations in fatty acid composition,phenolic acids and lignan were observed in flaxseed varieties from different countries.Among them,unsaturated fatty acids accounted over 4/5 of total fatty acid content.The highest ratio of linolenic acid of total fatty acid was observed in USPEA,whereas the lowest one was found in Yexiao.USPEA showed the highest content of total phenolics,as well as flaxseed lignan.In general,total phenolics appeared to be the main contributors of antioxidant capacity of flaxseed,which presented significant positive correlation.Our study revealed that both cultivar and origin of seed significantly affected fatty acid composition,phenolic acids,lignans and subsequent antioxidant activity of flaxseed.These results provided new aspects of breeding resources of flaxseed cultivars by presenting their quality specification and possible commercial value.
基金Supported by Yunnan Science and Technology Innovation Talent Program(2015HA034)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC31560505)
文摘Fusarium wilt of banana, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropic race 4(Foc TR4), is a typical vascular and soil-borne disease which has significantly threatened the sustainable development of banana industry. In order to reveal the infection process and pathogenesis of Foc TR4, the young mycelia(66.7 mg/ml) of wild-type strain of Foc TR4(WT-Foc TR4) cultured for 18-20 h were lysed with enzyme mixture for protoplast formation, which consisted of 25 mg/ml driselase, 0.4 mg/ml chitinase, 15 mg/ml lysing enzyme and 1.2 mol/L potassium chloride. The resulted protoplasts of 2×10~7 cells/ml were used to test the efficiency of transformation mediated by polyethylene glycol, and up to 9 transformants per microgram of DNA were obtained. AmCyan, RFP and YFP genes were stably transferred into the WT-Foc TR4, separately, using the protoplast transformation system. The gene FoOCH1 encoding α-1, 6-mannosyltransferase in the WT-Foc TR4 was knocked out using the split-marker recombination technology. The genetic transformation and gene knockout system in this pathogen lays a foundation for the study of functional genomics and plant-pathogen interactions.
基金partially funded by Agrilac Resiliente and by Mitig ate+:Research for Low-Emission Food Systemsfunded by the project 18_Ⅲ_106_COL_A_Sustainable productive strategies
文摘As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded,questions arose as to whether the pandemic would amplify or pacify tropical deforestation.Early reports warned of increased deforestation rates;however,these studies were limited to a few months in 2020 or to selected regions.To better understand how the pandemic infl uenced tropical deforestation globally,this study used historical deforestation data(2004–2019)from the Terra-i pantropical land cover change monitoring system to project expected deforestation trends for 2020,which were used to determine whether observed deforestation deviated from expected trajectories after the fi rst COVID-19 cases were reported.Time series analyses were conducted at the regional level for the Americas,Africa and Asia and at the country level for Brazil,Colombia,Peru,the Democratic Republic of Congo and Indonesia.Our results suggest that the pandemic did not alter the course of deforestation trends in some countries(e.g.,Brazil,Indonesia),while it did in others(e.g.,Peru).We posit the importance of monitoring the long-term eff ects of the pandemic on deforestation trends as countries prioritize economic recovery in the aftermath of the pandemic.
基金Supported by Major Crop Pests Monitoring,Disaster Regulation and Prevention and Control Mecha-nism Project in Yunnan Province(2018BB016)Yunling Scholar Programme of Yunnan Provincial Government,Science and Technology Innovation Talents Program in Yunnan Province(2015HA034)+1 种基金Special Project of National Banana Industry Technical System(CARS-31-08)Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province&the CGIAR Research Program on Roots,Tubers and Bananas(RTB)。
文摘[Objective]The paper was to understand the field resistance performance of different banana varieties and the prevention and control ef-fect of different fertilizers,so as to provide technical reference for the prevention and control of Fusarium wilt.[Method]Field trials were set up with three treatments:shrimp peptide organic fertilizer+shrimp peptide special protection+shrimp peptide fruit Yekang(simplified as shrimp peptide organic fertilizer treatment),conventional organic fertilizer+microbial preparations(simplified as microbial treatment),and conventional or-ganic fertilizer(simplified as control).Four different banana varieties of Brazilian banana,Guijiao No.1,Nantianhuang,and Yunjiao No.1 were se-lected for the field trial.The disease incidence of Fusarium wilt and the control effects of three fertilizers were investigated during four time periods.[Result]The disease incidence of four varieties in three treatments varied.The disease incidence of Nantianhuang and Yunjiao No.1 were signifi-cantly lower than that of other two varieties.There was also significant difference in disease incidence of three treatments.The disease incidence from high to low was control>shrimp peptide organic fertilizer treatment>microbial treatment.The average monthly TR4 pathogen content in heavily infected banana plantation was more than 2000 copies,while the highest one reached 15148.9 copies.[Conclusion]Microbial agents reduced the disease incidence of Fusarium wilt to some content.Nantianhuang and Yunjiao No.1 showed the highest disease resistance compared with other varieties.However,their resistance needs to be further improved before practical application.
文摘Understanding the performance of new crop genotypes for traits of relevance is important in selecting potential cultivars to satisfy end-users. The objective of this study was to determine the performance of new banana genotypes for bunch mass (BMS) and BMS-related traits, resistance to black Sigatoka and sensory attributes. Eight cooking banana genotypes consisting of six new hybrid genotypes selected from advanced breeding trials and two control cultivars were evaluated in a randomized complete block design for three crop cycles at three locations in Uganda. Genotype, location, crop cycle and their interaction effects were significantly different for most traits assessed. The overall top two genotypes (“9058K-2” and “8099K-16”) combining high BMS, resistance to black Sigatoka and acceptable sensory attributes were identified. These genotypes are suggested as potential commercial cultivars for release to farmers in Uganda and/or other East African countries with similar environmental conditions to those where the genotypes were tested. It should be noted that high BMS/yield and resistance to diseases are not the only factors to consider when selecting banana genotypes that meet end-user needs. A combination of high BMS/yield, acceptable sensory attributes and resistance to diseases essentially influence the selection process of banana cultivars.
文摘Bananas demand high amounts of potassium for optimal growth and productivity, yet deficiencies are widespread amid the low input production strategy of smallholder farmers in Uganda. Of the potassium pool in the soil, 90% - 98% is unavailable for plant uptake. Judicious application of fertilisers is required to alleviate soil fertility problems complemented with manures and biofertilisers in an integrated nutrient management (INM) package. Biofertilisers such as potassium solubilising bacteria (KSB) have potential to solubilise unavailable forms of K in soil to forms that are readily absorbed by the plants. However, the added value of each component in this integrated K management package in apple bananas is not known. Therefore, an experiment was set up to quantify the relative contribution of mineral K, manure and KSB on the growth of apple bananas. Potted tissue culture plantlets of apple banana (cv. Sukali ndiizi) were used. The treatments comprised of a full factorial combination of mineral fertiliser (Muriate of potash, 60% K<sub>2</sub>O), animal manure and KSB (<em>Frateuria auranta</em>). The manure and muriate of potash were applied to supply a total of 150 kg<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>K<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>ha<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>−</sup></span>. Soil microbiological assays were run to evaluate the contribution of indigenous microbial K solubilising activity in the soil to the experimental INM package. Data on pseudostem height, girth at collar and 30-cm height, leaf length and width at the widest point were collected once a week for 24 weeks. <em>Bacillus, Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Frateuria</em> were present as indigenous KSBs in the soil. The biofertiliser applied as <em>F. auranta</em> solubilised 7.4 mg<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>K<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>l<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>1</sup> (6.2 mg<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>K<span style="white-space:nowrap;">⋅</span>kg<sup><span style="white-space:nowrap;">−</span>1</sup>) from soil minerals. The integrated K management package significantly (p < 0.001) increased the above ground biomass and leaf area of potted apple bananas by up to 57.5% compared to no input. The Study recommends an economic analysis study to determine the integrated K management package that would suit the resource constrained smallholder farmers.
文摘As part of the promotion of common bean cultivation, fertilization methods will have to be proposed to growers. The aim of this study is therefore to develop a technical itinerary for dry bean fertilization. To this end, different types of chemical and organic fertilizers were evaluated on three dry bean varieties (HARI25/GHA19, HARI35/GHA19 and HARI36/GUI21). Seven (7) doses of chemical and organic fertilizers were used, including two controls (D0 with no fertilizer and D1, the reference dose using NPK base and cover fertilizers in the form of urea). The fertilization trial was set up as a Split-Plot design, with variety as the primary factor and dose as the secondary factor. The experiment was repeated three (3) times. The results showed that vegetative development parameters and fruit set rate varied according to the variety studied. For yield and its components, the treatments had a significant effect. Indeed, the response of varieties to fertilizers was specific. For each variety used, the optimum yield was obtained with a different treatment, thus highlighting the genotype effect of the dry bean varieties studied. Among the treatments tested, D4 (5 t organic fertilizer/ha) performed best in all three varieties, generating yield increases of 20%, 46% and 91% respectively.
文摘We examined demand and supply of Food Tree Species (FTS) products in Burkina Faso. The hypotheses were: 1) demand for FTS products by local communities exceeds what can be sustainably extracted, and 2) local communities of the Sudanian zone have access to more diverse FTS products compared to Sahelian zone. Surveys were conducted in 300 households and 360 quadrats in landscapes surrounding 6 villages to determine the diversity, richness and availability of FTS. The results indicate that local communities tend to exploit FTS which are rare to find or absent in the landscape surrounding their village. While the range of FTS largely exploited tends to coincide across the two ecological zones, the diversity and density of the preferred FTS are discordant between the two zones. The results of the present study further support the need for conservation and restoration strategies to sustain the local communities demand for FTS products.
文摘Forests,trees,and agroforestry(FTA)are ecosystem hotspots.They exemplify the contributions of biodiversity to sustainable and resilient landscapes,green circular economy and to sustainable agriculture and food systems for healthy diets.However,most research on these topics have been performed separately and lack comparison.The International FTA-Kunming Conference'Forests,trees and agroforestry for diverse sustainable landscapes'22nd–24th June 2021,focused on these contributions,brought together scientists NGOs,and policy makers to further the understanding of tree diversity;provided a communication platform for scientists to share their research results;evaluated the role of tree diversity in agroecology and circular agriculture;assessed benefits of landscape restoration;and explored applied research in mountain ecosystems and food security.The goals were to gather evidence that ground the design of solutions that can contribute to the implementation of the post 2020 Global Biodiversity Framework and towards the UN Food Systems Summit,and the overall implementation of the SDGs.This paper summarizes the outcomes of the international FTA Conference in Kunming 2021 and points out the highlights of research involved in six major themes.
文摘Agricultural practices currently contribute to the emission of approximately 10%–12%atmospheric greenhouse gasses,with tillage agriculture accelerating soil disruption and carbon dioxide release.Nevertheless,various options exist,such as converting new lands for agriculture,promoting healthier plant-based diets,adopting advanced management technologies,and minimizing food loss.However,these measures alone are insufficient to ensure environmental sustainability within planetary boundaries.
基金supported by the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg(BTU),Graduate Research School(GRS)cluster project“Integrated analysis of Multifunctional Fruit production landscape to promote ecosystem services and sustainable land-use under climate change”(grant number BTUGRS2018_19)the Croppie funded by Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Internationale Zusammenarbeit(GIZ)(grant number 81275837).
文摘Deep learning and computer vision,using remote sensing and drones,are 2 promising nondestructive methods for plant monitoring and phenotyping.However,their applications are infeasible for many crop systems under tree canopies,such as coffee crops,making it challenging to perform plant monitoring and phenotyping at a large spatial scale at a low cost.This study aims to develop a geographic-scale monitoring method for coffee cherry counting,supported by an artificial intelligence(AI)-powered citizen science approach.The approach uses basic smartphones to take a few pictures of coffee trees;2,968 trees were investigated with 8,904 pictures in Junin and Piura(Peru),Cauca,and Quindio(Colombia)in 2022,with the help of nearly 1,000 smallholder coffee farmers.Then,we trained and validated YOLO(You Only Look Once)v8 for detecting cherries in the dataset in Peru.An average number of cherries per picture was multiplied by the number of branches to estimate the total number of cherries per tree.The model's performance in Peru showed an R^(2)of 0.59.When the model was tested in Colombia,where different varieties are grown in different biogeoclimatic conditions,the model showed an R^(2)of 0.71.The overall performance in both countries reached an R^(2)of 0.72.The results suggest that the method can be applied to much broader scales and is transferable to other varieties,countries,and regions.To our knowledge,this is the first AI-powered method for counting coffee cherries and has the potential for a geographic-scale,multiyear,photo-based phenotypic monitoring for coffee crops in low-income countries worldwide.
文摘The intense heatwaves of 2023 and 2024 underscored the serious health,food security,and well-being risks posed by extreme heat,emphasizing the urgent need to curb greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,especially methane(CH_(4)),which is 28 times more potent than carbon dioxide and primarily emitted through agriculture,fossil fuels,and waste(U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,2024).Cattle alone contribute approximately 231 billion pounds of CH_(4)annually,and rice cultivation is expected to increase by 9.9 billion tonnes by 2050(U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,2020).To effectively address this challenge,it is essential to balance microbial processes involved in CH_(4)production with sustainable agricultural practices—such as cultivating low-emission rice varieties,leveraging methanotrophs,and adopting efficient,low-methane livestock diets—as highlighted by the American Academy of Microbiology’s Microbes&Climate Change colloquium(2022).Achieving the COP28 Global CH_(4)Pledge’s 30%reduction goal by 2030 necessitates prioritizing these strategies.
基金The Bezos Earth Fund Project"Using genetic diversity to capture carbon through deep root systems in tropical soils"The Colombian Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development+1 种基金The CGIAR Initiative on Low Emissions Food SystemsLivestockPlus project。
文摘Background:There is limited knowledge on how to increase soil organic car-bon(SOC)stocks under tropical conditions.This study investigates SOC changes after converting land from native savanna(NS)to improved pasture(IP)land use.Methods:Two acidic soil conversion sites were examined:(i)a poorly drained slope with medium‐texture soil(Casanare[CAS]1)and(ii)flat terrain withfine‐texture soil(CAS2).Anotherflat site was evaluated(Atlántico[ATL]),withfine‐textured to moderately textured neutral soil.Soil samples were col-lected and analyzed.SOC stocks(0–60 cm soil depth)were estimated,with a complex analysis of variance analyzing pasture type and soil depth.Results:NS to IP conversion resulted in significant SOC accumulation in two regions,with losses in one(CAS2).ATL showed higher SOC accumulation than CAS.IP adoption led to SOC accumulation at depth(0–60 cm)after 10 years in CAS1.Elevated clay content in CAS2 favored SOC storage,while poorly drained areas hindered accumulation in CAS1.Cultivating rice before IP at CAS2 likely depleted SOC(0–20 cm),with 4 years of IP not restoring initial levels.Conclusions:Adopting IP over NS can increase SOC.Grassland type,soil properties,and land‐use change all influence SOC accumulation.These data inform sustainable land management for low‐emission livestock production.
基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA23100203)。
文摘Agricultural biodiversity has a high importance in social-cultural,economic,and environmental aspects,and can help in adapting to and withstanding climate change.Conserving the GIAHS sites and the important components within them can help conserve the agricultural biodiversity and traditional agricultural culture of the whole country.This study considered Ifugao Rice Terraces,Dong’s Rice-Fish-Duck System,and Hani Rice Terraces System as three examples which show that traditional culture can be used to protect agricultural biodiversity,while as a carrier of traditional culture,agricultural biodiversity also conveys and protects the traditional culture of the nation.According to the analyses,through several years of efforts,the status of agricultural biodiversity and traditional culture in them has improved.Then,to further promote agricultural biodiversity conservation and traditional culture protection,several suggestions are made,such as establishing community seed banks;documenting and preserving traditional farming methods,techniques,and tools and developing participatory activities which encourage more farmers to participate in the protection work.
文摘GnpIS is a data repository for plant phenomics that stores whole field and greenhouse experimental data including environment measures.It allows long-term access to datasets following the FAIR principles:Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,and Reusable,by using a flexible and original approach.It is based on a generic and ontology driven data model and an innovative software architecture that uncouples data integration,storage,and querying.It takes advantage of international standards including the Crop Ontology,MIAPPE,and the Breeding API.GnpIS allows handling data for a wide range of species and experiment types,including multiannual perennial plants experimental network or annual plant trials with either raw data,i.e.,direct measures,or computed traits.It also ensures the integration and the interoperability among phenotyping datasets and with genotyping data.This is achieved through a careful curation and annotation of the key resources conducted in close collaboration with the communities providing data.Our repository follows the Open Science data publication principles by ensuring citability of each dataset.Finally,GnpIS compliance with international standards enables its interoperability with other data repositories hence allowing data links between phenotype and other data types.GnpIS can therefore contribute to emerging international federations of information systems.
