Objective:To determine the effect of phytochemicals in acute and repeated dose of 28-day oral toxicity of Kuruthi Azhal Chooranam(KAC)in Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes.Methods:Acute oral toxicity was conducted with...Objective:To determine the effect of phytochemicals in acute and repeated dose of 28-day oral toxicity of Kuruthi Azhal Chooranam(KAC)in Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes.Methods:Acute oral toxicity was conducted with 2000 mg/kg body weight of KAC orally and the treated animals were observed for signs of toxicity at 30 min,1,2,4 and 24 h and for up to 14 days.In repeated 28-day oral toxicity study,the KAC formulation was administered orally with 600,900 and 1200 mg/kg body weight/day to all the three groups of rats.The animals were observed for clinical signs of toxicity,mortality and morbidity throughout the study.Also body weight,feed consumption,haematological,plasma biochemistry and serum electrolytes,gross pathology,weights of the organ and histology were studied for no-observed-adverse-effect level.High dose of KAC formulation and control reversal groups were also included for delayed toxic effects determination.Results:In the acute toxicity study of KAC formulation,2000 mg/kg body weight dose exhibited no toxic signs and mortality during study.In sub-acute 28-day repeated dose toxicity study,there was no significant difference found between control and KAC treated groups(body weight,haematology,biochemistry and serum electrolytes).No abnormalities was found in gross pathology,organs weight and histological observation after KAC treatment.Conclusions:The current study suggests that LD_(50)of KAC was>2000 mg/kg and no-observed-adverse-effect level was>1200 mg/kg/day in rats.KAC could be used as Siddha drug for various indications.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the antibacterial and antifeedant activities of dichloromethane,acetone and aqueous extracts of Spilanthes acmella(L.)(S.acmella)Murr against selected bacterial strains and larvae of Leucinodes o...Objective:To evaluate the antibacterial and antifeedant activities of dichloromethane,acetone and aqueous extracts of Spilanthes acmella(L.)(S.acmella)Murr against selected bacterial strains and larvae of Leucinodes orbonalis Guen.Methods:Solvent extracts were tested against pathogenic microbes using disc diffusion method and fruit disc no-choice method for antifeedant activity.Results:The study revealed that dichloromethane extract of S.acmella leaf showed broad spectrum antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria.Maximum zone of inhibition was observed in dichloromethane leaf extract of S.acmella against Escherichia coli[(18.9±0.34)mm]followed by Staphylococcus aureus[(18.6±1.31)mm],Proteus vulgaris[(17.2±0.68)mm],Bacillus subtilis[(17.0±0.76)mm]and Klebsiella pneumonia[(16.4±1.55)mm]at 5 mg/disc concentration.The aqueous extract was moderately inhibited the tested bacteria at all the concentrations.Dichloromethane extract showed good antifeedant activity against Leucinodes orbonalis(68.88%)when compared to acetone(60.80%)and aqueous(45.48%)extracts at 5%concentration.The preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids,terpenoids,phytosterols,saponins,steroid,tannins and phenolic compounds.Conclusions:The study suggests that the dichloromethane leaf extract of S.acmella could be used to develop a novel herbal formulation to control pathogenic bacteria and agricultural pests.展开更多
文摘Objective:To determine the effect of phytochemicals in acute and repeated dose of 28-day oral toxicity of Kuruthi Azhal Chooranam(KAC)in Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes.Methods:Acute oral toxicity was conducted with 2000 mg/kg body weight of KAC orally and the treated animals were observed for signs of toxicity at 30 min,1,2,4 and 24 h and for up to 14 days.In repeated 28-day oral toxicity study,the KAC formulation was administered orally with 600,900 and 1200 mg/kg body weight/day to all the three groups of rats.The animals were observed for clinical signs of toxicity,mortality and morbidity throughout the study.Also body weight,feed consumption,haematological,plasma biochemistry and serum electrolytes,gross pathology,weights of the organ and histology were studied for no-observed-adverse-effect level.High dose of KAC formulation and control reversal groups were also included for delayed toxic effects determination.Results:In the acute toxicity study of KAC formulation,2000 mg/kg body weight dose exhibited no toxic signs and mortality during study.In sub-acute 28-day repeated dose toxicity study,there was no significant difference found between control and KAC treated groups(body weight,haematology,biochemistry and serum electrolytes).No abnormalities was found in gross pathology,organs weight and histological observation after KAC treatment.Conclusions:The current study suggests that LD_(50)of KAC was>2000 mg/kg and no-observed-adverse-effect level was>1200 mg/kg/day in rats.KAC could be used as Siddha drug for various indications.
基金Supported by Department of Science and Technology(DST),Division of Science and Engineering Research Board(SERB)under Fast Track Scheme for Young Scientist Project(Grant No.SERC/LS-0412/2010).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antibacterial and antifeedant activities of dichloromethane,acetone and aqueous extracts of Spilanthes acmella(L.)(S.acmella)Murr against selected bacterial strains and larvae of Leucinodes orbonalis Guen.Methods:Solvent extracts were tested against pathogenic microbes using disc diffusion method and fruit disc no-choice method for antifeedant activity.Results:The study revealed that dichloromethane extract of S.acmella leaf showed broad spectrum antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria.Maximum zone of inhibition was observed in dichloromethane leaf extract of S.acmella against Escherichia coli[(18.9±0.34)mm]followed by Staphylococcus aureus[(18.6±1.31)mm],Proteus vulgaris[(17.2±0.68)mm],Bacillus subtilis[(17.0±0.76)mm]and Klebsiella pneumonia[(16.4±1.55)mm]at 5 mg/disc concentration.The aqueous extract was moderately inhibited the tested bacteria at all the concentrations.Dichloromethane extract showed good antifeedant activity against Leucinodes orbonalis(68.88%)when compared to acetone(60.80%)and aqueous(45.48%)extracts at 5%concentration.The preliminary phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids,terpenoids,phytosterols,saponins,steroid,tannins and phenolic compounds.Conclusions:The study suggests that the dichloromethane leaf extract of S.acmella could be used to develop a novel herbal formulation to control pathogenic bacteria and agricultural pests.
