AIM: To evaluate whether individuals with gastric cancer(GC) are diagnosed earlier if they have firstdegree relatives with GC.METHODS: A total of 4282 patients diagnosed with GC at National Cancer Center Hospital from...AIM: To evaluate whether individuals with gastric cancer(GC) are diagnosed earlier if they have firstdegree relatives with GC.METHODS: A total of 4282 patients diagnosed with GC at National Cancer Center Hospital from 2002 to 2012 were enrolled in this retrospective study. We classified the patients according to presence or absence of first-degree family history of GC and compared age at diagnosis and clinicopathologic characteristics. In addition, we further classified patients according to specific family member with GC(father, mother, sibling, or offspring) and compared age at GC diagnosis among these patient groups. Baseline characteristics were obtained from a prospectively collected database. Information about the family member's age at GC diagnosis was obtained by questionnaire.RESULTS: A total of 924 patients(21.6%) had a firstdegree family history of GC. The mean age at GC diagnosis in patients having paternal history of GC was 54.4 ± 10.4 years and was significantly younger than in those without a first-degree family history(58.1 ± 12.0 years, P < 0.001). However, this finding was not observed in patients who had an affected mother(57.2 ± 10.0 years) or sibling(62.2 ± 9.8 years). Among patients with family member having early-onset GC(< 50 years old), mean age at diagnosis was 47.7 ± 10.3 years for those with an affected father, 48.6 ± 10.4 years for those with an affected mother, and 57.4 ± 11.5 years for those with an affected sibling. Thus, patients with a parent diagnosed before 50 years of age developed GC 10.4 or 9.5 years earlier than individuals without a family history of GC(both P <0.001).CONCLUSION: Early-onset GC before age of 50 was associated with parental history of early-onset of GC. Individual having such family history need to start screening earlier.展开更多
The emergence of a huge volume of "omics" data enables a computational approach to the investigation of the biology of cancer. The cancer informatics approach is a useful supplement to the traditional experi...The emergence of a huge volume of "omics" data enables a computational approach to the investigation of the biology of cancer. The cancer informatics approach is a useful supplement to the traditional experimental approach. I reviewed several reports that used a bioinformatics approach to analyze the associations among aging, stem cells, and cancer by microarray gene expression profiling. The high expression of aging- or human embryonic stem cell-related molecules in cancer suggests that certain important mechanisms are commonly underlying aging, stem cells, and cancer. These mechanisms are involved in cell cycle regulation, metabolic process, DNA damage response, apoptosis, p53 signaling pathway, immune/inflammatory response, and other processes, suggesting that cancer is a developmental and evolutional disease that is strongly related to aging. Moreover, these mechanisms demonstrate that the initiation, proliferation, and metastasis of cancer are associated with the deregulation of stem cells. These findings provide insights into the biology of cancer. Certainly, the findings that are obtained by the informatics approach should be justified by experimental validation. This review also noted that next-generation sequencing data provide enriched sources for cancer informatics study.展开更多
Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer, with half of all patients going on to develop metastases. To better identify patients at high risk for prostate cancer progression and reduce prostate cancer-rela...Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer, with half of all patients going on to develop metastases. To better identify patients at high risk for prostate cancer progression and reduce prostate cancer-related mortality, improved prognostic factors are required. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry （IHC） to determine the prognostic values of multiple tissue biomarkers in hormone-na＇l＇ve prostatectomy specimens of prostate cancer. Using 510 prostatectomy specimens collected between 2002 and 2012, IHC analysis was performed for Cerb-2, Cyclin D1, VEGF, EGFR, Rb, PSCA, p53, Bcl-2, Cox-2, PMS2, and Ki-67 on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the predictive risk factors for biochemical recurrence （BCR） of prostate cancer. During a median 44-month follow-up, 128 （25.1%） patients developed BCR. A multivariate regression analysis revealed that Ki-67 （hazard ratio [HR]. 1.60, P = 0.033）, PSCA （HR： 0.42, P 〈 0.001）, and Cox-2 （HR： 2.05, P = 0.003） were the only significant prognostic tissue markers of BCR. Resection margin status （HR： 1.67, P = 0.010）, pathologic pTO/l/2 stage （vs pT3/4; HR： 0.20, P = 0.002）, preoperative PSA levels （HR.. 1.03, P 〈 0.001）, biopsied （HR： 1.30, P = 0.022） and pathologic （HR： 1.42, P = 0.005） Gleason scores, and prostate size （HR： 0.97, P = 0.003） were significant clinicopathologic factors. The expression of Ki-67, PSCA, and Cox-2 biomarkers along with other clinicopathologic factors were prognostic factors for BCR in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy.展开更多
AIM:To expand the living donor liver transplantation(LT)pool of eligible patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)using new morphological and biological criteria.METHODS:Patients with HCC who underwent living donor ...AIM:To expand the living donor liver transplantation(LT)pool of eligible patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)using new morphological and biological criteria.METHODS:Patients with HCC who underwent living donor LT(LDLT)from March 2005 to May 2013 at the National Cancer Center Korea(NCCK)were enrolled.We performed the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)before LDLT.Overall and disease-free survival analysis was done in patients to evaluate the usefulness of new NCCK criteria using PET/CT and total tumor size(10 cm).RESULTS:We enrolled a total of 280 patients who pathologically confirmed to have HCC and performed the PET/CT before transplantation.Among them,164(58.6%)patients fulfilled the NCCK criteria and 132 patients(47.1%)met the Milan criteria.Five-year overall and disease-free survival rates for patients who fulfilled the NCCK criteria showed 85.2%and 84.0%,respectively,and were significantly higher than those beyond the NCCK criteria(60.2%and 44.4%,respectively;P<0.001).The correlation analysis between preoperative imaging tests and pathologic reports using Cohen's Kappa demonstrated the better results in the NCCK criteria than those in the Milan criteria(0.850 vs 0.583).The comparison of diseasefree analysis among the NCCK,Milan,and University of California,San Francisco(UCSF)criteria using the receiver operating characteristics curves revealed the similar area under the curve value criteria(NCCK vs Milan,P=0.484;NCCK vs UCSF,P=0.189 at 5-years).CONCLUSION:The NCCK criteria using hybrid concept of both morphological and biological parameters showed an excellent agreement between preoperative imaging and pathological results,and favorable survival outcomes.These new criteria might select the optimal patients with HCC waiting LDLT and expand the selection pool.展开更多
Ageing and cancer have been associated with genetic and genomic changes. The identification of common signatures between ageing and cancer can reveal shared molecular mechanisms underlying them. In this study, we coll...Ageing and cancer have been associated with genetic and genomic changes. The identification of common signatures between ageing and cancer can reveal shared molecular mechanisms underlying them. In this study, we collected ageing-related gene signatures from ten pub- lished studies involved in six different human tissues and an online resource. We found that most of these gene signatures were tissue- specific and a few were related to multiple tissues. We performed a genome-wide examination of the expression of these signatures in various human tumor types, and found that a large proportion of these signatures were universally differentially expressed among normal vs. tumor phenotypes. Functional analyses of the highly-overlapping genes between ageing and cancer using DAVID tools have iden- tified important functional categories and pathways linking ageing with cancer. The convergent and divergent mechanisms between age- ing and cancer are discussed. This study provides insights into the biology of ageing and cancer, suggesting the possibility of potential interventions aimed at postponing ageing and preventing cancer.展开更多
文摘AIM: To evaluate whether individuals with gastric cancer(GC) are diagnosed earlier if they have firstdegree relatives with GC.METHODS: A total of 4282 patients diagnosed with GC at National Cancer Center Hospital from 2002 to 2012 were enrolled in this retrospective study. We classified the patients according to presence or absence of first-degree family history of GC and compared age at diagnosis and clinicopathologic characteristics. In addition, we further classified patients according to specific family member with GC(father, mother, sibling, or offspring) and compared age at GC diagnosis among these patient groups. Baseline characteristics were obtained from a prospectively collected database. Information about the family member's age at GC diagnosis was obtained by questionnaire.RESULTS: A total of 924 patients(21.6%) had a firstdegree family history of GC. The mean age at GC diagnosis in patients having paternal history of GC was 54.4 ± 10.4 years and was significantly younger than in those without a first-degree family history(58.1 ± 12.0 years, P < 0.001). However, this finding was not observed in patients who had an affected mother(57.2 ± 10.0 years) or sibling(62.2 ± 9.8 years). Among patients with family member having early-onset GC(< 50 years old), mean age at diagnosis was 47.7 ± 10.3 years for those with an affected father, 48.6 ± 10.4 years for those with an affected mother, and 57.4 ± 11.5 years for those with an affected sibling. Thus, patients with a parent diagnosed before 50 years of age developed GC 10.4 or 9.5 years earlier than individuals without a family history of GC(both P <0.001).CONCLUSION: Early-onset GC before age of 50 was associated with parental history of early-onset of GC. Individual having such family history need to start screening earlier.
文摘The emergence of a huge volume of "omics" data enables a computational approach to the investigation of the biology of cancer. The cancer informatics approach is a useful supplement to the traditional experimental approach. I reviewed several reports that used a bioinformatics approach to analyze the associations among aging, stem cells, and cancer by microarray gene expression profiling. The high expression of aging- or human embryonic stem cell-related molecules in cancer suggests that certain important mechanisms are commonly underlying aging, stem cells, and cancer. These mechanisms are involved in cell cycle regulation, metabolic process, DNA damage response, apoptosis, p53 signaling pathway, immune/inflammatory response, and other processes, suggesting that cancer is a developmental and evolutional disease that is strongly related to aging. Moreover, these mechanisms demonstrate that the initiation, proliferation, and metastasis of cancer are associated with the deregulation of stem cells. These findings provide insights into the biology of cancer. Certainly, the findings that are obtained by the informatics approach should be justified by experimental validation. This review also noted that next-generation sequencing data provide enriched sources for cancer informatics study.
文摘Prostate cancer is the second most common male cancer, with half of all patients going on to develop metastases. To better identify patients at high risk for prostate cancer progression and reduce prostate cancer-related mortality, improved prognostic factors are required. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry （IHC） to determine the prognostic values of multiple tissue biomarkers in hormone-na＇l＇ve prostatectomy specimens of prostate cancer. Using 510 prostatectomy specimens collected between 2002 and 2012, IHC analysis was performed for Cerb-2, Cyclin D1, VEGF, EGFR, Rb, PSCA, p53, Bcl-2, Cox-2, PMS2, and Ki-67 on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to determine the predictive risk factors for biochemical recurrence （BCR） of prostate cancer. During a median 44-month follow-up, 128 （25.1%） patients developed BCR. A multivariate regression analysis revealed that Ki-67 （hazard ratio [HR]. 1.60, P = 0.033）, PSCA （HR： 0.42, P 〈 0.001）, and Cox-2 （HR： 2.05, P = 0.003） were the only significant prognostic tissue markers of BCR. Resection margin status （HR： 1.67, P = 0.010）, pathologic pTO/l/2 stage （vs pT3/4; HR： 0.20, P = 0.002）, preoperative PSA levels （HR.. 1.03, P 〈 0.001）, biopsied （HR： 1.30, P = 0.022） and pathologic （HR： 1.42, P = 0.005） Gleason scores, and prostate size （HR： 0.97, P = 0.003） were significant clinicopathologic factors. The expression of Ki-67, PSCA, and Cox-2 biomarkers along with other clinicopathologic factors were prognostic factors for BCR in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy.
文摘AIM:To expand the living donor liver transplantation(LT)pool of eligible patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)using new morphological and biological criteria.METHODS:Patients with HCC who underwent living donor LT(LDLT)from March 2005 to May 2013 at the National Cancer Center Korea(NCCK)were enrolled.We performed the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)before LDLT.Overall and disease-free survival analysis was done in patients to evaluate the usefulness of new NCCK criteria using PET/CT and total tumor size(10 cm).RESULTS:We enrolled a total of 280 patients who pathologically confirmed to have HCC and performed the PET/CT before transplantation.Among them,164(58.6%)patients fulfilled the NCCK criteria and 132 patients(47.1%)met the Milan criteria.Five-year overall and disease-free survival rates for patients who fulfilled the NCCK criteria showed 85.2%and 84.0%,respectively,and were significantly higher than those beyond the NCCK criteria(60.2%and 44.4%,respectively;P<0.001).The correlation analysis between preoperative imaging tests and pathologic reports using Cohen's Kappa demonstrated the better results in the NCCK criteria than those in the Milan criteria(0.850 vs 0.583).The comparison of diseasefree analysis among the NCCK,Milan,and University of California,San Francisco(UCSF)criteria using the receiver operating characteristics curves revealed the similar area under the curve value criteria(NCCK vs Milan,P=0.484;NCCK vs UCSF,P=0.189 at 5-years).CONCLUSION:The NCCK criteria using hybrid concept of both morphological and biological parameters showed an excellent agreement between preoperative imaging and pathological results,and favorable survival outcomes.These new criteria might select the optimal patients with HCC waiting LDLT and expand the selection pool.
文摘Ageing and cancer have been associated with genetic and genomic changes. The identification of common signatures between ageing and cancer can reveal shared molecular mechanisms underlying them. In this study, we collected ageing-related gene signatures from ten pub- lished studies involved in six different human tissues and an online resource. We found that most of these gene signatures were tissue- specific and a few were related to multiple tissues. We performed a genome-wide examination of the expression of these signatures in various human tumor types, and found that a large proportion of these signatures were universally differentially expressed among normal vs. tumor phenotypes. Functional analyses of the highly-overlapping genes between ageing and cancer using DAVID tools have iden- tified important functional categories and pathways linking ageing with cancer. The convergent and divergent mechanisms between age- ing and cancer are discussed. This study provides insights into the biology of ageing and cancer, suggesting the possibility of potential interventions aimed at postponing ageing and preventing cancer.
