The skeletal system is the most common site of metastatic prostate cancer and these lesions are associated with poor outcomes.Diagnosing these osseous metastatic lesions relies on radiologic imaging,making early detec...The skeletal system is the most common site of metastatic prostate cancer and these lesions are associated with poor outcomes.Diagnosing these osseous metastatic lesions relies on radiologic imaging,making early detection,diag-nosis,and monitoring crucial for clinical management.However,the literature lacks a detailed analysis of various approaches and future directions.To address this gap,we present a scoping review of quantitative methods from diverse domains,including radiomics,machine learning,and deep learning,applied to imaging analysis of prostate cancer with clinical insights.Our findings highlight the need for developing clinically significant methods to aid in the battle against prostate bone metastasis.展开更多
Aluminum(Al)toxicity poses a significant constraint on field crop yields in acid soils.Zinc finger protein36(ZFP36)is well-documented for its pivotal role in enhancing tolerance to both drought and oxidative stress in...Aluminum(Al)toxicity poses a significant constraint on field crop yields in acid soils.Zinc finger protein36(ZFP36)is well-documented for its pivotal role in enhancing tolerance to both drought and oxidative stress in rice.This study unveils a novel function of ZFP36 modulated by abscisic acid(ABA)-dependent mechanisms,specifically aimed at alleviating Al toxicity in rice.Under Al stress,the expression of ZFP36significantly increased through an ABA-dependent pathway.Knocking down ZFP36 heightened Al sensitivity,while overexpressing ZFP36 conferred increased resistance to Al stress.Additionally,our investigations revealed a physical interaction between ZFP36 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 in rice(OsPDK1).Biochemical assays further elucidated that OsPDK1 phosphorylates ZFP36 at the amino acid site 73–161.Subsequent experiments demonstrated that ZFP36 positively regulates the expression of ascorbate peroxidases(OsAPX1)and OsALS1 by binding to specific elements in their upstream segments in rice.Through genetic and phenotypic analyses,we unveiled that OsPDK1 influences ABA-triggered antioxidant defense to alleviate Al toxicity by interacting with ZFP36.In summary,our study underscores that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1(OsPDK1)phosphorylates ZFP36 to modulate the activities of antioxidant enzymes via an ABA-dependent pathway,influencing tolerance of rice to soil Al toxicity.展开更多
Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has been extensively investigated as an alternative cancer treatment;however,its efficacy is limited by the low oxygen content and excess glutathione(GSH)in tumor tissues.With the emergence of...Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has been extensively investigated as an alternative cancer treatment;however,its efficacy is limited by the low oxygen content and excess glutathione(GSH)in tumor tissues.With the emergence of ferroptosis,which also impacts redox homeostasis,a combined PDT-ferroptosis approach holds promise for amplifying the efficacy of both treatments.However,concerns persist regarding biocompatibility and tumor-specific release.Here,we report a self-motivated co-nanoassembly for combined PDT and ferroptosis-driven tumor therapy.We first modify linoleic acid with protoporphyrin Ⅸ to form a lipidic derivative(denoted as PLA)and develop a light-boosted carrier-free nanoplatform(PLA@R NPs)by co-assembling the ferroptosis inducer RAS-selective lethal 3(RSL3)and PLA.Upon light irradiation,reactive oxygen species produced by PDT trigger linoleic acid peroxidation,leading to the destruction of the nanoparticles and the release of RSL3.The rapid release of RSL3 enhances PDT sensitivity by depleting GSH and utilizing the Fenton reaction to supplement oxygen.Additionally,PDT accelerates lipid peroxidation,further inducing ferroptosis.This self-motivated effect increases oxidative stress in tumor tissues,as confirmed by a tumor-on-a-chip model.Moreover,the in vivo therapeutic effect with the PLA@R NPs is significant,demonstrating the promising potential of combining PDT and ferroptosis using a light-boosted and self-motivated nanoplatform.展开更多
Plant-based systems offer a cost-effective platform for the production of pharmaceutical proteins;however,the instability and rapid degradation of certain proteins,such as epidermal growth factor(EGF),present signific...Plant-based systems offer a cost-effective platform for the production of pharmaceutical proteins;however,the instability and rapid degradation of certain proteins,such as epidermal growth factor(EGF),present significant challenges.To enhance EGF accumulation,we specifically targeted the protein to distinct subcellular compartments.In these experiments,most protein constructs contained a C-terminal hemagglutinin(HA)tag,enabling detection using anti-HA antibodies.Targeting EGF to the chloroplast and retained endoplasmic reticulum(ER)was successful,with significantly higher accumulation observed in the ER compared to the chloroplast(Figure S1A).展开更多
Unique plants and their properties,once considered synonymous to medicine,remain a potent source for new compounds in modern science.Plant polyphenols and natural products continue to be investigated for effective tre...Unique plants and their properties,once considered synonymous to medicine,remain a potent source for new compounds in modern science.Plant polyphenols and natural products continue to be investigated for effective treatments for the most persistent of human ailments.In this review,fifty novel plant phenolic compounds have been compiled and briefly described from the previous five years.Select compounds and notable plant species from genus Morinda and Sophora are further expanded on.Traditional medicine plants often contain rich and diverse mixtures of flavonoids,from which rare compounds should receive attention.The bioactivity of crude plant extracts,purified compounds and mixtures can differ greatly,requiring that these interactions and mechanisms of action be investigated in greater detail.Novel applications of uncommon natural products,namely mimosine and juglone,are explored within this review.The 2019 coronavirus pandemic has resulted in abrupt spike of related scientific publications:speculation is made regarding plant natural products and future of antiviral drug discovery.展开更多
基金National Institutes of Health-National Cancer Institute,Grant/Award Number:1R01CA257610-01。
文摘The skeletal system is the most common site of metastatic prostate cancer and these lesions are associated with poor outcomes.Diagnosing these osseous metastatic lesions relies on radiologic imaging,making early detection,diag-nosis,and monitoring crucial for clinical management.However,the literature lacks a detailed analysis of various approaches and future directions.To address this gap,we present a scoping review of quantitative methods from diverse domains,including radiomics,machine learning,and deep learning,applied to imaging analysis of prostate cancer with clinical insights.Our findings highlight the need for developing clinically significant methods to aid in the battle against prostate bone metastasis.
基金provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31901202,31672228)National Distinguished Expert Project (WQ20174400441)+2 种基金the Higher Education Department of Guangdong province (2020KCXTD025)Key Laboratory Project of Guangdong Province (2022B1212010015)the Australian Research Council (DP150101663)。
文摘Aluminum(Al)toxicity poses a significant constraint on field crop yields in acid soils.Zinc finger protein36(ZFP36)is well-documented for its pivotal role in enhancing tolerance to both drought and oxidative stress in rice.This study unveils a novel function of ZFP36 modulated by abscisic acid(ABA)-dependent mechanisms,specifically aimed at alleviating Al toxicity in rice.Under Al stress,the expression of ZFP36significantly increased through an ABA-dependent pathway.Knocking down ZFP36 heightened Al sensitivity,while overexpressing ZFP36 conferred increased resistance to Al stress.Additionally,our investigations revealed a physical interaction between ZFP36 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 in rice(OsPDK1).Biochemical assays further elucidated that OsPDK1 phosphorylates ZFP36 at the amino acid site 73–161.Subsequent experiments demonstrated that ZFP36 positively regulates the expression of ascorbate peroxidases(OsAPX1)and OsALS1 by binding to specific elements in their upstream segments in rice.Through genetic and phenotypic analyses,we unveiled that OsPDK1 influences ABA-triggered antioxidant defense to alleviate Al toxicity by interacting with ZFP36.In summary,our study underscores that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1(OsPDK1)phosphorylates ZFP36 to modulate the activities of antioxidant enzymes via an ABA-dependent pathway,influencing tolerance of rice to soil Al toxicity.
基金the Project of China-Japan Joint International Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System Research and Translation of Liaoning Province(No.2024JH2/102100007)Basic research project of 2024 Liaoning Provincial Department of Education Program(No.LJ212410163045)+1 种基金Liaoning Provincial Department of Education Program(No.LJKMZ20221353)the open fund of National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Formulations for Overcoming Delivery Barriers(No.2024-KFB-003).
文摘Photodynamic therapy(PDT)has been extensively investigated as an alternative cancer treatment;however,its efficacy is limited by the low oxygen content and excess glutathione(GSH)in tumor tissues.With the emergence of ferroptosis,which also impacts redox homeostasis,a combined PDT-ferroptosis approach holds promise for amplifying the efficacy of both treatments.However,concerns persist regarding biocompatibility and tumor-specific release.Here,we report a self-motivated co-nanoassembly for combined PDT and ferroptosis-driven tumor therapy.We first modify linoleic acid with protoporphyrin Ⅸ to form a lipidic derivative(denoted as PLA)and develop a light-boosted carrier-free nanoplatform(PLA@R NPs)by co-assembling the ferroptosis inducer RAS-selective lethal 3(RSL3)and PLA.Upon light irradiation,reactive oxygen species produced by PDT trigger linoleic acid peroxidation,leading to the destruction of the nanoparticles and the release of RSL3.The rapid release of RSL3 enhances PDT sensitivity by depleting GSH and utilizing the Fenton reaction to supplement oxygen.Additionally,PDT accelerates lipid peroxidation,further inducing ferroptosis.This self-motivated effect increases oxidative stress in tumor tissues,as confirmed by a tumor-on-a-chip model.Moreover,the in vivo therapeutic effect with the PLA@R NPs is significant,demonstrating the promising potential of combining PDT and ferroptosis using a light-boosted and self-motivated nanoplatform.
基金funded by the Korean Research Institute Bio-science and Biotechnology(KRIBB)Research Initiative Programs Grant Nos.KGM9942522,KGM1082511,KGM1002521National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)Grant No.RS-2025-00556557New Breeding Technology Program Grant No.RS-2024-00322156 to H.C.
文摘Plant-based systems offer a cost-effective platform for the production of pharmaceutical proteins;however,the instability and rapid degradation of certain proteins,such as epidermal growth factor(EGF),present significant challenges.To enhance EGF accumulation,we specifically targeted the protein to distinct subcellular compartments.In these experiments,most protein constructs contained a C-terminal hemagglutinin(HA)tag,enabling detection using anti-HA antibodies.Targeting EGF to the chloroplast and retained endoplasmic reticulum(ER)was successful,with significantly higher accumulation observed in the ER compared to the chloroplast(Figure S1A).
基金supported by the USDA NIFA McIntire-Stennis Grant,managed by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources(CTAHR).
文摘Unique plants and their properties,once considered synonymous to medicine,remain a potent source for new compounds in modern science.Plant polyphenols and natural products continue to be investigated for effective treatments for the most persistent of human ailments.In this review,fifty novel plant phenolic compounds have been compiled and briefly described from the previous five years.Select compounds and notable plant species from genus Morinda and Sophora are further expanded on.Traditional medicine plants often contain rich and diverse mixtures of flavonoids,from which rare compounds should receive attention.The bioactivity of crude plant extracts,purified compounds and mixtures can differ greatly,requiring that these interactions and mechanisms of action be investigated in greater detail.Novel applications of uncommon natural products,namely mimosine and juglone,are explored within this review.The 2019 coronavirus pandemic has resulted in abrupt spike of related scientific publications:speculation is made regarding plant natural products and future of antiviral drug discovery.
