The gut microbiota:The human body is colonized by a diverse and complex microbial community–including bacteria,viruses,archaea,and unicellular eukaryotes–that plays a central role in human wellbeing.Indeed,microbiot...The gut microbiota:The human body is colonized by a diverse and complex microbial community–including bacteria,viruses,archaea,and unicellular eukaryotes–that plays a central role in human wellbeing.Indeed,microbiota is crucial for several functions,including host metabolism,physiology,maintenance of the intestinal epithelial integrity,nutrition,and immune function,earning it the designation of a“vital organ”(Guinane and Cotter,2013).展开更多
Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat sequences(CRISPR)and their accompanying proteins(Cas),commonly presenting in bacteria and archaea,make up the CRISPR/Cas system.As one of the funda-mental sourc...Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat sequences(CRISPR)and their accompanying proteins(Cas),commonly presenting in bacteria and archaea,make up the CRISPR/Cas system.As one of the funda-mental sources of nutrition for humans,edible crops play a crucial role in ensuring global food security.CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing has been applied to improve many crop traits,such as increasing nitrogen utilization efficiency,creating male sterile germplasm,and regulating tiller and spikelet formation.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the use of CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology in crop genomes,covering the targeted genes,the types of editing that take place,the mechanism of action.Finally,we also discussed the efficiency of gene editing and pointed the future direction on how to speed up crop molecular breeding,increase breeding effectiveness,and produce more new crop varieties with high qualities.展开更多
AIM： To characterize the types of mutations present in the 23S rRNA genes of Malaysian isolates of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori （H pylorl~. METHODS： Clarithromycin susceptibility of H pylori isolate...AIM： To characterize the types of mutations present in the 23S rRNA genes of Malaysian isolates of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori （H pylorl~. METHODS： Clarithromycin susceptibility of H pylori isolates was determined by E test. Analyses for point mutations in the domain V of 23S rRNA genes in clarithromycin-resistant and -sensitive strains were performed by sequence analysis of amplified polymerase chain reaction products. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed using Bsa I and MboI enzymes to detect restriction sites that correspond to the mutations in the clarithromycin- resistant strains. RESULTS： Of 187 isolates from 120 patients, four were resistant to clarithromycin, while 183 were sensitive. The MIC of the resistant strains ranged from 1.5 to 24 pg/mL. Two isolates had an A2142G mutation and another two had A2143G mutations. A T2182C mutation was detected in two out of four clarithromycin-resistant isolates and in 13 of 14 clarithromycin-sensitive isolates. Restriction enzyme analyses with Bsa I and Mbo I were able to detect the mutations. CONCLUSION： Clarithromycin resistance is an uncommon occurrence among Malaysian isolates of Hpylori strains and the mutations A2142G and A2143G detected were associated with low-level resistance.展开更多
N-F-codoped TiO2 （NFTO） photocatalysts were synthesized by a simple sol-gel process with tetrabutyl titanate （Ti（OBu）4 ） as the precursor of TiO 2 and ammonium fluoride （NH4 F） as the source of N and F.The syn...N-F-codoped TiO2 （NFTO） photocatalysts were synthesized by a simple sol-gel process with tetrabutyl titanate （Ti（OBu）4 ） as the precursor of TiO 2 and ammonium fluoride （NH4 F） as the source of N and F.The synthesized photocatalysts were investigated by X- ray diffraction （XRD）,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）,ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy （UV-Vis DRS） and photodegradation reaction tests of 4-chlorophenol under visible light irradiation to understand the relationship between the structure of NFTO catalyst and corresponding photocatalytic activity.The crystal phase and particle size of catalysts were found to be largely affected by the calcination temperature.In addition,N-F-codoping could inhibit phase transition of TiO2 from anatase to rutile.The presence of N and F atoms in the lattice of TiO2 is responsible for the visible light catalytic activity.In UV-Vis DRS tests,the spectrum of NFTO exhibited red shift compared with Degussa P25 and the band gap was reduced to around 2.92 eV.Under optimal calcination temperature and dopant concentration conditions,the NFTO photocatalyst exhibited the highest activity in the photodegradation reaction tests of 4-chlorophenol under visible light irradiation with a degradation rate of 75.84%.Besides,the 5-recycle test showed that NFTO photocatalyst could be reused and its activity kept stable under visible light irradiation.展开更多
TiO2 photocatalysts compounded with WO3 were prepared via a modified hydrolysis process and the 2%WO3-TiO2 catalysts with different oxygen vacancies were obtained by calcination at 873 K in H2 atmosphere.The catalysts...TiO2 photocatalysts compounded with WO3 were prepared via a modified hydrolysis process and the 2%WO3-TiO2 catalysts with different oxygen vacancies were obtained by calcination at 873 K in H2 atmosphere.The catalysts were identified using X-ray diffractometry(XRD),specific surface measurement(BET),electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy(EPR), UV-Vis diffusion refraction spectroscopy(DRS),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The photocatalytic activity of 2% WO3-TiO2 with different oxygen vacancies was investigated employing splitting of water for O2 evolution.The results indicate that appropriate oxygen vacancies can obviously improve the photocatalytic activity of 2%WO3-TiO2 catalysts,and using Fe 3+ as an electron acceptor under UV irradiation in 12 h,the maximum rate for O2 evolution is 667μmol/(L·h).展开更多
A heterotrophic acidothermophilic bacterial strain,YNTC-1,was isolated from an acidic hot spring in Tengchong,Yunan,China.YNTC-1 grows at pH value of 1.5-8.0 and temperature of 40-70℃,with optimal pH and temperature ...A heterotrophic acidothermophilic bacterial strain,YNTC-1,was isolated from an acidic hot spring in Tengchong,Yunan,China.YNTC-1 grows at pH value of 1.5-8.0 and temperature of 40-70℃,with optimal pH and temperature at 3.0 and 55℃,respectively.The cells of the strain are in shape of short rod,with 1.0-1.2μm in length and 0.7-0.8μm in diameter,and with distinct spores at both poles of each cell.The predominant fatty acids in cellular membrane of the strain are C18:1ω7c.16s rRNA gene analysis reveals that this strain is closely related to Alicyclobacillus sendaiensis,with over 99%sequence similarity.Based on phenotypic and genotypic analyses,YNTC-1 is identified as a member of A.sendaiensis.Considering some important morphological and biochemical differences between strain YNTC-1 and A.sendaiensis ATCC 27009T,YNTC-1 may be proposed to be a novel subspecies of A.sendaiensis.However,this viewpoint has to be confirmed by further studies.Co-bioleaching of pyrite and chalcopyrite with strain YN22,Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans,shows that strain YNTC-1 has no evident influence on bioleaching rates of these two sulphide minerals.展开更多
Objective:To analysis and identify a bacterium strain isolated from laboratory breeding mouse far away from a hospital.Methods:Phenotype of the isolate was investigated by conventional microbiological methods,includin...Objective:To analysis and identify a bacterium strain isolated from laboratory breeding mouse far away from a hospital.Methods:Phenotype of the isolate was investigated by conventional microbiological methods,including Gram-staining,colony morphology,tests for haemolysis, catalase,coagulase,and antimicrobial susceptibility test.The meek and 16S rRNA genes were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and sequenced.The base sequence of the PCR product was compared with known 16S rRNA gene sequences in the CenBank database by phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignment.Results:The isolate in this study was a gram positive,coagulase negative,and catalase positive coccus.The isolate was resistant to oxacillin,methicillin,penicillin,ampicillin,cefazolin,cipr of loxacin erythromycin,et al.PCR results indicated that the isolate was meek gene positive and its 16S rRNA was 1465 bp.Phylogenetic analysis of the resultant 16S rRNA indicated the isolate belonged to genus Saphylococcus,and multiple sequence alignment showed that the isolate was Saphylococcus haemolyticus with only one base difference from the corresponding 16S rRNA deposited in the CenBank.Conclusions: 16S rRNA gene sequencing is a suitable technique for non-specialist researchers.Laboratory animals are possible sources of lethal pathogens,and researchers must adapt protective measures when they manipulate animals.展开更多
The effect of ultraviolet radiation on entomopathogenic fungi can be very prejudicial for causing damage to the conidia. Formulations can help protecting these fungal structures against radiation. The objective of thi...The effect of ultraviolet radiation on entomopathogenic fungi can be very prejudicial for causing damage to the conidia. Formulations can help protecting these fungal structures against radiation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of UV radiation on pure and encapsulated conidia <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> and <i>Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato</i>, and to evaluate their pathogenicity on the sugarcane borer, <i>Diatraea saccharalis</i>. The pure conidia and the sodium alginate capsules containing the fungi were submitted to the ultraviolet radiation in different temperatures and exposure times. On the pure conidia, the radiation had a deleterious effect after 5 minutes of exposure, going from 94% to 52% germination for <i>B. bassiana</i> and from 96% to 54% for <i>M. anisopliae</i>. The alginate formulation protected the <i>B. bassiana</i> conidia against the radiation in all times they were evaluated (15 minutes to 48 hours), because, even after exposure, the fungi remained viable. The dry encapsulated conidia <i>B. bassiana</i> caused 79.6% mortality of the studied pest and the <i>M. anisopliae</i> caused only 10%.展开更多
The sense and antisense fragments of the soluble starch synthase （SSII1） gene and the intron fragment of somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase （SERK1） gene were cloned from potato using PCR techniques. The RN...The sense and antisense fragments of the soluble starch synthase （SSII1） gene and the intron fragment of somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase （SERK1） gene were cloned from potato using PCR techniques. The RNAi plant expression vectors pBI-SSIII-RNAi and pBIC-SSIII-RNAi were constructed which containing fusion fragment of ＂sense fragment-intron-antisense fragment＂ driven by the constitutive expression promoter CaMV 35S and the tuber-specific expression promoter CIPP, respectively. The putative transgenic plants of potato cultivars Kexin-1 and Kexin-4 were obtained using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. PCR assay showed that the interference fragment of SSlll gene was integrated into potato genome. The RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of SSlll gene was repressed apparently on the transcription level. Starch granules of the transgenic potato plants were different in morphology and became cracked in starch granule centre compared with the non-transgenic control plants. The amylose content of starch was increased by 2.68-29.05%, amylopectin to amylose ratio of starch had declined significantly, and the phosphorus content of the starch of the transgenic plants was reduced 9.94-58.36% compared with control plants. The results could provide certain foundation for improvement of potato starch quality.展开更多
Gastric cancer is considered one of the most deadly tumors worldwide. Even with the decline in its incidence, the mortality rate of this disease has remained high, mainly due to its late diagnosis and to the lack of p...Gastric cancer is considered one of the most deadly tumors worldwide. Even with the decline in its incidence, the mortality rate of this disease has remained high, mainly due to its late diagnosis and to the lack of precise prognostic markers. The main purpose of this review is to present genetic, epigenetic and proteomic molecular markers that may be used in a diagnostic and prognostic manner and to discuss the pros and cons of each type of marker for improving clinical practice. In this sense, we observed that the use of genetic markers, especially mutations and polymorphisms, should be carefully considered, as they are strongly affected by ethnicity. Proteomic-based markers show promise, but the higher costs of the associated techniques con-tinue to make this approach expensive for routine use. Alternatively, epigenetic markers appear to be very promising, as they can be detected in bodily fluids as well as tissues. However, such markers must be used carefully because epigenetic changes may occur due to environmental factors and aging. Despite the advances in technology and its access, to date, there are few defined biomarkers of prognostic and diagnostic use for gastric tumors. Therefore, the use of a panel of several approaches(genetic, epigenetic and proteomic) should be considered the best alternative for clinical practice.展开更多
AIM： To measure circulating angiotensins at different stages of human cirrhosis and to further evaluate a possible relationship between renin angiotensin system （RAS） components and hemodynamic changes. METHODS： P...AIM： To measure circulating angiotensins at different stages of human cirrhosis and to further evaluate a possible relationship between renin angiotensin system （RAS） components and hemodynamic changes. METHODS： Patients were allocated into 4 groups： mild-to-moderate liver disease （MLD）, advanced liver disease （ALD）, patients undergoing liver transplantation, and healthy controls. Blood was collected to determine plasma renin activity （PRA）, angiotensin （Ang） Ⅰ, Ang Ⅱ, and Ang-（1-7） levels using radioimmunoassays. During liver transplantation, hemodynamic parameters were determined and blood was simultaneously obtained from the portal vein and radial artery in order to measure RAS components. RESULTS： PRA and angiotensins were elevated in ALD when compared to MLD and controls （P 〈 0.05）. In contrast, Ang Ⅱ was significantly reduced in MLD. Ang-（1-7）/Ang Ⅱ ratios were increased in MLD when compared to controls and ALD. During transplantation, Ang Ⅱ levels were lower and Ang-（1-7）/Ang Ⅱ ratios were higher in the splanchnic circulation than in the peripheral circulation （0.52 ± 0.08 vs 0.38 ±0.04, P 〈 0.02）, whereas the peripheral circulating Ang Ⅱ/Ang Ⅰ ratio was elevated in comparison to splanchnic levels （0.18 ±0.02 vs 0.13 ±0.02, P 〈 0.04）. Ang-（1-7）/ Ang Ⅱ ratios positively correlated with cardiac output （r = 0.66） and negatively correlated with systemic vascular resistance （r = -0.70）. CONCLUSION： Our findings suggest that the relationship between Ang-（1-7） and Ang Ⅱ may play a role in the hemodynamic changes of human cirrhosis.展开更多
Electrospun WO_(3) nanofibers were fabricated by coaxial electrospinning and directly annealing WCl_(6)/polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) nanofibers on activated carbon fibres(ACF), and characterized by scanning electron micr...Electrospun WO_(3) nanofibers were fabricated by coaxial electrospinning and directly annealing WCl_(6)/polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) nanofibers on activated carbon fibres(ACF), and characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffractometry(XRD). The most suitable condition for electrospinning is the mass ratio of WCl_(6) to PVP 0.6, appropriate amount DMF and ethanol, a voltage of 28 kV, the reception distance of 15 cm, the humidity range within 10% and 20% and the moving rate of the pump 0.001 mm/s. The photocatalytic activities of WO_(3) nanofibers were evaluated by the photo-degradation of phenol solution under the irradiation of 500 W xenon lamp. The results showed that, the sizes of the fibers are about 100 nm, and after being photodegraded for 210 min, the concentration of phenol decreased from 20.05 mg/L to 8.60 mg/L. Thus, the photo-degradation rate of WO_(3) nanofibers for phenol solution is 2.87 mg/(L·h).展开更多
[Objectives] This study was conducted to explore the interaction between nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing strains and the optimal combination of different functional strains,in order to provide a theoretical...[Objectives] This study was conducted to explore the interaction between nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing strains and the optimal combination of different functional strains,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of PGPR compound fertilizers suitable for local environment.[Methods] In this study,16S rDNA gene sequence analysis was used to identify fast-growing and competitive strains from pasture nodules and rhizosphere soils in Guizhou Province,and three representative Rhizobia and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria were chosen for the test of bacterial combination when reducing 50% of nitrogen and 30% of phosphorus.The effects of different strain combinations on the plant height,root length,aboveground and underground biomass of Lotus corniculatus L.were investigated,and the total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents of the plants were determined.[Results] The mixed bacterial agents could promote the increase of root biomass,and the effects of A1,A3,B3 and C3 were the most obvious.The fresh weight and dry weight of the roots of L.corniculatus increased by 30.35%-168.45% and 26.43%-180.00%,respectively,and A3,B3,B2 and C3 had the best effects.The total phosphorus content of the plants increased by 12.79%-55.25% compared with the CK2;and most of the bacterial agents with significant growth-promoting effects showed decreased total nitrogen contents,while those with non-significant growth-promoting effects showed significantly-increased total nitrogen contents,which were not as much as the CK1.Comprehensively,the most productive combination was C3,namely R27-2 Rhinohizobium fredii and P33-3 Stenotrophomonas rhizophila.[Conclusions] This study can provide a theoretical basis for the production and promotion of bacterial fertilizers.展开更多
Populations experiencing negligible predation pressure are expected to evolve higher behavioral activity.However,when sexes have different expected benefits from high activity,the adaptive shift is expected to be sex-...Populations experiencing negligible predation pressure are expected to evolve higher behavioral activity.However,when sexes have different expected benefits from high activity,the adaptive shift is expected to be sex-specific.Here,we compared movement activity of one cave(lack of predation)and three adjacent surface(high and diverse predation)populations of Asellus aquaticus,a freshwater isopod known for its independent colonization of several caves across Europe.We predicted 1)higher activity in cave than in surface populations,with 2)the difference being more pronounced in males as they are known for active mate searching behavior,while females are not.Activity was assessed both in the presence and absence of light.Our results supported both predictions:movement activity was higher in the cave than in the surface populations,particularly in males.Relaxed predation pressure in the cave-adapted population is most likely the main selective factor behind increased behavioral activity,but we also showed that the extent of increase is sex-specific.展开更多
基金supported by the European Union-Next Generation EU,Mission 4 Component 1,Project Title:“Gut and Neuro Muscular system:investigating the impact of microbiota on nerve regeneration and muscle reinnervation after peripheral nerve injury”,CUP D53D23007770006,MUR:20227YB93W,to GR。
文摘The gut microbiota:The human body is colonized by a diverse and complex microbial community–including bacteria,viruses,archaea,and unicellular eukaryotes–that plays a central role in human wellbeing.Indeed,microbiota is crucial for several functions,including host metabolism,physiology,maintenance of the intestinal epithelial integrity,nutrition,and immune function,earning it the designation of a“vital organ”(Guinane and Cotter,2013).
基金supported by Jilin Provincial Department of Education(JKH20230394KJ).
文摘Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat sequences(CRISPR)and their accompanying proteins(Cas),commonly presenting in bacteria and archaea,make up the CRISPR/Cas system.As one of the funda-mental sources of nutrition for humans,edible crops play a crucial role in ensuring global food security.CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing has been applied to improve many crop traits,such as increasing nitrogen utilization efficiency,creating male sterile germplasm,and regulating tiller and spikelet formation.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the use of CRISPR/Cas gene editing technology in crop genomes,covering the targeted genes,the types of editing that take place,the mechanism of action.Finally,we also discussed the efficiency of gene editing and pointed the future direction on how to speed up crop molecular breeding,increase breeding effectiveness,and produce more new crop varieties with high qualities.
基金Supported by the State Key Basic Research and Development Plan of China, Grant No. G2000046806, the Key Project of Scientific and Technological Innovation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant No. KSCX2-SW-104, and the National Science Foundation of the United States, Grant No. DEB 0108536).
基金Supported by A grant from the Ministry of Science,Technology and Innovation,Malaysia
文摘AIM： To characterize the types of mutations present in the 23S rRNA genes of Malaysian isolates of clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori （H pylorl~. METHODS： Clarithromycin susceptibility of H pylori isolates was determined by E test. Analyses for point mutations in the domain V of 23S rRNA genes in clarithromycin-resistant and -sensitive strains were performed by sequence analysis of amplified polymerase chain reaction products. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed using Bsa I and MboI enzymes to detect restriction sites that correspond to the mutations in the clarithromycin- resistant strains. RESULTS： Of 187 isolates from 120 patients, four were resistant to clarithromycin, while 183 were sensitive. The MIC of the resistant strains ranged from 1.5 to 24 pg/mL. Two isolates had an A2142G mutation and another two had A2143G mutations. A T2182C mutation was detected in two out of four clarithromycin-resistant isolates and in 13 of 14 clarithromycin-sensitive isolates. Restriction enzyme analyses with Bsa I and Mbo I were able to detect the mutations. CONCLUSION： Clarithromycin resistance is an uncommon occurrence among Malaysian isolates of Hpylori strains and the mutations A2142G and A2143G detected were associated with low-level resistance.
基金supported by the Scienceand Technology Project of Education Commission of Chongqing of China(No.KJ110709)the Key Science Project of Ministry of Education of China(No.2008119)+1 种基金the Colleges and Universities Innovation Team Project of Chongqing of China(No.KJTD201020)the Scienceand Technology Project of Engineering Research Centre for Waste Oil,Ministry of Education of China(No.FYKJ2009012)
文摘N-F-codoped TiO2 （NFTO） photocatalysts were synthesized by a simple sol-gel process with tetrabutyl titanate （Ti（OBu）4 ） as the precursor of TiO 2 and ammonium fluoride （NH4 F） as the source of N and F.The synthesized photocatalysts were investigated by X- ray diffraction （XRD）,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS）,ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy （UV-Vis DRS） and photodegradation reaction tests of 4-chlorophenol under visible light irradiation to understand the relationship between the structure of NFTO catalyst and corresponding photocatalytic activity.The crystal phase and particle size of catalysts were found to be largely affected by the calcination temperature.In addition,N-F-codoping could inhibit phase transition of TiO2 from anatase to rutile.The presence of N and F atoms in the lattice of TiO2 is responsible for the visible light catalytic activity.In UV-Vis DRS tests,the spectrum of NFTO exhibited red shift compared with Degussa P25 and the band gap was reduced to around 2.92 eV.Under optimal calcination temperature and dopant concentration conditions,the NFTO photocatalyst exhibited the highest activity in the photodegradation reaction tests of 4-chlorophenol under visible light irradiation with a degradation rate of 75.84%.Besides,the 5-recycle test showed that NFTO photocatalyst could be reused and its activity kept stable under visible light irradiation.
基金Project(08JJ3022)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(K-081025)supported by the Photocatalytic Key Laboratory of Fujian Province,China
文摘TiO2 photocatalysts compounded with WO3 were prepared via a modified hydrolysis process and the 2%WO3-TiO2 catalysts with different oxygen vacancies were obtained by calcination at 873 K in H2 atmosphere.The catalysts were identified using X-ray diffractometry(XRD),specific surface measurement(BET),electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy(EPR), UV-Vis diffusion refraction spectroscopy(DRS),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The photocatalytic activity of 2% WO3-TiO2 with different oxygen vacancies was investigated employing splitting of water for O2 evolution.The results indicate that appropriate oxygen vacancies can obviously improve the photocatalytic activity of 2%WO3-TiO2 catalysts,and using Fe 3+ as an electron acceptor under UV irradiation in 12 h,the maximum rate for O2 evolution is 667μmol/(L·h).
基金Project(50621063)supported by the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation for Innovative Research GroupsProject(2004CB619201)supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China
文摘A heterotrophic acidothermophilic bacterial strain,YNTC-1,was isolated from an acidic hot spring in Tengchong,Yunan,China.YNTC-1 grows at pH value of 1.5-8.0 and temperature of 40-70℃,with optimal pH and temperature at 3.0 and 55℃,respectively.The cells of the strain are in shape of short rod,with 1.0-1.2μm in length and 0.7-0.8μm in diameter,and with distinct spores at both poles of each cell.The predominant fatty acids in cellular membrane of the strain are C18:1ω7c.16s rRNA gene analysis reveals that this strain is closely related to Alicyclobacillus sendaiensis,with over 99%sequence similarity.Based on phenotypic and genotypic analyses,YNTC-1 is identified as a member of A.sendaiensis.Considering some important morphological and biochemical differences between strain YNTC-1 and A.sendaiensis ATCC 27009T,YNTC-1 may be proposed to be a novel subspecies of A.sendaiensis.However,this viewpoint has to be confirmed by further studies.Co-bioleaching of pyrite and chalcopyrite with strain YN22,Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans,shows that strain YNTC-1 has no evident influence on bioleaching rates of these two sulphide minerals.
基金partially funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30960411)973 Program(No.2010CB534909)
文摘Objective:To analysis and identify a bacterium strain isolated from laboratory breeding mouse far away from a hospital.Methods:Phenotype of the isolate was investigated by conventional microbiological methods,including Gram-staining,colony morphology,tests for haemolysis, catalase,coagulase,and antimicrobial susceptibility test.The meek and 16S rRNA genes were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and sequenced.The base sequence of the PCR product was compared with known 16S rRNA gene sequences in the CenBank database by phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignment.Results:The isolate in this study was a gram positive,coagulase negative,and catalase positive coccus.The isolate was resistant to oxacillin,methicillin,penicillin,ampicillin,cefazolin,cipr of loxacin erythromycin,et al.PCR results indicated that the isolate was meek gene positive and its 16S rRNA was 1465 bp.Phylogenetic analysis of the resultant 16S rRNA indicated the isolate belonged to genus Saphylococcus,and multiple sequence alignment showed that the isolate was Saphylococcus haemolyticus with only one base difference from the corresponding 16S rRNA deposited in the CenBank.Conclusions: 16S rRNA gene sequencing is a suitable technique for non-specialist researchers.Laboratory animals are possible sources of lethal pathogens,and researchers must adapt protective measures when they manipulate animals.
文摘The effect of ultraviolet radiation on entomopathogenic fungi can be very prejudicial for causing damage to the conidia. Formulations can help protecting these fungal structures against radiation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of UV radiation on pure and encapsulated conidia <i>Beauveria bassiana</i> and <i>Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato</i>, and to evaluate their pathogenicity on the sugarcane borer, <i>Diatraea saccharalis</i>. The pure conidia and the sodium alginate capsules containing the fungi were submitted to the ultraviolet radiation in different temperatures and exposure times. On the pure conidia, the radiation had a deleterious effect after 5 minutes of exposure, going from 94% to 52% germination for <i>B. bassiana</i> and from 96% to 54% for <i>M. anisopliae</i>. The alginate formulation protected the <i>B. bassiana</i> conidia against the radiation in all times they were evaluated (15 minutes to 48 hours), because, even after exposure, the fungi remained viable. The dry encapsulated conidia <i>B. bassiana</i> caused 79.6% mortality of the studied pest and the <i>M. anisopliae</i> caused only 10%.
基金supported by the National High-Technology R&D Program of China(2006AA100107)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30871573, 31160298)
文摘The sense and antisense fragments of the soluble starch synthase （SSII1） gene and the intron fragment of somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase （SERK1） gene were cloned from potato using PCR techniques. The RNAi plant expression vectors pBI-SSIII-RNAi and pBIC-SSIII-RNAi were constructed which containing fusion fragment of ＂sense fragment-intron-antisense fragment＂ driven by the constitutive expression promoter CaMV 35S and the tuber-specific expression promoter CIPP, respectively. The putative transgenic plants of potato cultivars Kexin-1 and Kexin-4 were obtained using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. PCR assay showed that the interference fragment of SSlll gene was integrated into potato genome. The RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of SSlll gene was repressed apparently on the transcription level. Starch granules of the transgenic potato plants were different in morphology and became cracked in starch granule centre compared with the non-transgenic control plants. The amylose content of starch was increased by 2.68-29.05%, amylopectin to amylose ratio of starch had declined significantly, and the phosphorus content of the starch of the transgenic plants was reduced 9.94-58.36% compared with control plants. The results could provide certain foundation for improvement of potato starch quality.
文摘Gastric cancer is considered one of the most deadly tumors worldwide. Even with the decline in its incidence, the mortality rate of this disease has remained high, mainly due to its late diagnosis and to the lack of precise prognostic markers. The main purpose of this review is to present genetic, epigenetic and proteomic molecular markers that may be used in a diagnostic and prognostic manner and to discuss the pros and cons of each type of marker for improving clinical practice. In this sense, we observed that the use of genetic markers, especially mutations and polymorphisms, should be carefully considered, as they are strongly affected by ethnicity. Proteomic-based markers show promise, but the higher costs of the associated techniques con-tinue to make this approach expensive for routine use. Alternatively, epigenetic markers appear to be very promising, as they can be detected in bodily fluids as well as tissues. However, such markers must be used carefully because epigenetic changes may occur due to environmental factors and aging. Despite the advances in technology and its access, to date, there are few defined biomarkers of prognostic and diagnostic use for gastric tumors. Therefore, the use of a panel of several approaches(genetic, epigenetic and proteomic) should be considered the best alternative for clinical practice.
基金Supported by Fundacode Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, FAPEMIG/CNPQ-PRONEX (Grupos de Excelência),Ministério de Ciência e Tecnologia/CNPq/ FAPEMIG-INCT-Nano-Biofar
文摘AIM： To measure circulating angiotensins at different stages of human cirrhosis and to further evaluate a possible relationship between renin angiotensin system （RAS） components and hemodynamic changes. METHODS： Patients were allocated into 4 groups： mild-to-moderate liver disease （MLD）, advanced liver disease （ALD）, patients undergoing liver transplantation, and healthy controls. Blood was collected to determine plasma renin activity （PRA）, angiotensin （Ang） Ⅰ, Ang Ⅱ, and Ang-（1-7） levels using radioimmunoassays. During liver transplantation, hemodynamic parameters were determined and blood was simultaneously obtained from the portal vein and radial artery in order to measure RAS components. RESULTS： PRA and angiotensins were elevated in ALD when compared to MLD and controls （P 〈 0.05）. In contrast, Ang Ⅱ was significantly reduced in MLD. Ang-（1-7）/Ang Ⅱ ratios were increased in MLD when compared to controls and ALD. During transplantation, Ang Ⅱ levels were lower and Ang-（1-7）/Ang Ⅱ ratios were higher in the splanchnic circulation than in the peripheral circulation （0.52 ± 0.08 vs 0.38 ±0.04, P 〈 0.02）, whereas the peripheral circulating Ang Ⅱ/Ang Ⅰ ratio was elevated in comparison to splanchnic levels （0.18 ±0.02 vs 0.13 ±0.02, P 〈 0.04）. Ang-（1-7）/ Ang Ⅱ ratios positively correlated with cardiac output （r = 0.66） and negatively correlated with systemic vascular resistance （r = -0.70）. CONCLUSION： Our findings suggest that the relationship between Ang-（1-7） and Ang Ⅱ may play a role in the hemodynamic changes of human cirrhosis.
基金Project(15B003)supported by the Outlayed-up Youth Project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education,ChinaProject(KY201623)supported by the Housing and Urban Construction Department of Hunan Province,China+1 种基金Project(2016CL02)supported by the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Protection for Electric Power and Transportation,ChinaProject(11405013)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Electrospun WO_(3) nanofibers were fabricated by coaxial electrospinning and directly annealing WCl_(6)/polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) nanofibers on activated carbon fibres(ACF), and characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffractometry(XRD). The most suitable condition for electrospinning is the mass ratio of WCl_(6) to PVP 0.6, appropriate amount DMF and ethanol, a voltage of 28 kV, the reception distance of 15 cm, the humidity range within 10% and 20% and the moving rate of the pump 0.001 mm/s. The photocatalytic activities of WO_(3) nanofibers were evaluated by the photo-degradation of phenol solution under the irradiation of 500 W xenon lamp. The results showed that, the sizes of the fibers are about 100 nm, and after being photodegraded for 210 min, the concentration of phenol decreased from 20.05 mg/L to 8.60 mg/L. Thus, the photo-degradation rate of WO_(3) nanofibers for phenol solution is 2.87 mg/(L·h).
基金Supported by Guizhou Province Science and Technology Support Program(QKHZC[2016]2504,[2019]2359)
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to explore the interaction between nitrogen-fixing and phosphate-solubilizing strains and the optimal combination of different functional strains,in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development of PGPR compound fertilizers suitable for local environment.[Methods] In this study,16S rDNA gene sequence analysis was used to identify fast-growing and competitive strains from pasture nodules and rhizosphere soils in Guizhou Province,and three representative Rhizobia and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria were chosen for the test of bacterial combination when reducing 50% of nitrogen and 30% of phosphorus.The effects of different strain combinations on the plant height,root length,aboveground and underground biomass of Lotus corniculatus L.were investigated,and the total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents of the plants were determined.[Results] The mixed bacterial agents could promote the increase of root biomass,and the effects of A1,A3,B3 and C3 were the most obvious.The fresh weight and dry weight of the roots of L.corniculatus increased by 30.35%-168.45% and 26.43%-180.00%,respectively,and A3,B3,B2 and C3 had the best effects.The total phosphorus content of the plants increased by 12.79%-55.25% compared with the CK2;and most of the bacterial agents with significant growth-promoting effects showed decreased total nitrogen contents,while those with non-significant growth-promoting effects showed significantly-increased total nitrogen contents,which were not as much as the CK1.Comprehensively,the most productive combination was C3,namely R27-2 Rhinohizobium fredii and P33-3 Stenotrophomonas rhizophila.[Conclusions] This study can provide a theoretical basis for the production and promotion of bacterial fertilizers.
基金The research was supported by the joint Hungarian—Slovenian grant for international cooperation(Hungarian National Research,Development and Innovation Office(NRDIO):SNN-125627)Slovenian Research Agency grants N1-0069 and P1-0184+1 种基金NRDIO postdoctoral grant PD-132041(GeH)and theúNKP-20-4 New National Excellence Program of the Ministry of Innovation and Technology from the source of the NRDIO(GB).
文摘Populations experiencing negligible predation pressure are expected to evolve higher behavioral activity.However,when sexes have different expected benefits from high activity,the adaptive shift is expected to be sex-specific.Here,we compared movement activity of one cave(lack of predation)and three adjacent surface(high and diverse predation)populations of Asellus aquaticus,a freshwater isopod known for its independent colonization of several caves across Europe.We predicted 1)higher activity in cave than in surface populations,with 2)the difference being more pronounced in males as they are known for active mate searching behavior,while females are not.Activity was assessed both in the presence and absence of light.Our results supported both predictions:movement activity was higher in the cave than in the surface populations,particularly in males.Relaxed predation pressure in the cave-adapted population is most likely the main selective factor behind increased behavioral activity,but we also showed that the extent of increase is sex-specific.
