Prostate cancer tissue is composed of both cancer cells and host cells.The milieu of host components that compose the tumor is termed the tumor microenvironment(TME).Host cells can be those derived from the tissue in ...Prostate cancer tissue is composed of both cancer cells and host cells.The milieu of host components that compose the tumor is termed the tumor microenvironment(TME).Host cells can be those derived from the tissue in which the tumor originates(e.g.,fibroblasts and endothelial cells)or those recruited,through chemotactic or other factors,to the tumor(e.g.,circulating immune cells).Some immune cells are key players in the TME and represent a large proportion of non-tumor cells found within the tumor.Immune cells can have both anti-tumor and pro-tumor activity.In addition,crosstalk between prostate cancer cells and immune cells affects immune cell functions.In this review,we focus on immune cells and cytokines that contribute to tumor progression.We discuss T-regulatory and T helper17 cells and macrophages as key modulators in prostate cancer progression.In addition,we discuss the roles of interleukin-6 and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand in modulating prostate cancer progression.This review highlights the concept that immune cells and cytokines offer a potentially promising target for prostate cancer therapy.展开更多
Electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)are generally limited by their poor durability because of the catalyst poisoning induced by the reaction intermediate carbon monoxide(CO).Therefore,the rapid oxidati...Electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)are generally limited by their poor durability because of the catalyst poisoning induced by the reaction intermediate carbon monoxide(CO).Therefore,the rapid oxidation removal of CO intermediates is crucial to the durability of EOR-based catalysts.Herein,in order to effectively avoiding the catalyst CO poisoning and improve the durability,the graphene-nickel nitride hybrids(AG-Ni_(3)N)were designed for supporting palladium nanoparticles(Pd/AG-Ni_(3)N)and then used for ethanol electrooxidation.The density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrated the introduction of AG-Ni_(3)N depresses the CO absorption and simultaneously promotes the adsorption of OH species for CO oxidation removal.The fabricated Pd/AG-Ni_(3)N catalyst distinctively exhibits excellent electroactivity with the mass catalytic activity of 3499.5 m A mg^(-1) on EOR in alkaline media,which is around 5.24 times higher than Pd/C(commercial catalyst).Notably,the Pd/AG-Ni_(3)N hybrids display excellent stability and durability after chronoamperometric measurements with a total operation time of 150,000 s.展开更多
Apical periodontitis(AP)is a dental-driven condition caused by pathogens and their toxins infecting the inner portion of the tooth(i.e.,dental pulp tissue),resulting in inflammation and apical bone resorption affectin...Apical periodontitis(AP)is a dental-driven condition caused by pathogens and their toxins infecting the inner portion of the tooth(i.e.,dental pulp tissue),resulting in inflammation and apical bone resorption affecting 50%of the worldwide population,with more than 15 million root canals performed annually in the United States.Current treatment involves cleaning and decontaminating the infected tissue with chemo-mechanical approaches and materials introduced years ago,such as calcium hydroxide,zinc oxide–eugenol,or even formalin products.Here,we present,for the first time,a nanotherapeutics based on using synthetic highdensity lipoprotein(sHDL)as an innovative and safe strategy to manage dental bone inflammation.sHDL application in concentrations ranging from 25μg to 100μg/mL decreases nuclear factor Kappa B(NF-κB)activation promoted by an inflammatory stimulus(lipopolysaccharide,LPS).Moreover,sHDL at 500μg/mL concentration markedly decreases in vitro osteoclastogenesis(P<0.001),and inhibits IL-1α(P=0.027),TNF-α(P=0.004),and IL-6(P<0.001)production in an inflammatory state.Notably,sHDL strongly dampens the Toll-Like Receptor signaling pathway facing LPS stimulation,mainly by downregulating at least 3-fold the pro-inflammatory genes,such as Il1b,Il1a,Il6,Ptgs2,and Tnf.In vivo,the lipoprotein nanoparticle applied after NaOCl reduced bone resorption volume to(1.3±0.05)mm^(3) and attenuated the inflammatory reaction after treatment to(1090±184)cells compared to non-treated animals that had(2.9±0.6)mm^(3)(P=0.0123)and(2443±931)cells(P=0.004),thus highlighting its promising clinical potential as an alternative therapeutic for managing dental bone inflammation.展开更多
Background:Aging is a natural process that cannot be stopped but retarded.Hydroxypinacolone retinoate(HPR)is a potent anti-wrinkle agent,but with severe irritancy,low stability,and poor water solubility,making it hard...Background:Aging is a natural process that cannot be stopped but retarded.Hydroxypinacolone retinoate(HPR)is a potent anti-wrinkle agent,but with severe irritancy,low stability,and poor water solubility,making it hard to apply in cosmetics.Ionic liquid(IL),as a solvent,displayed improved transdermal efficiency.The role of nanoencapsulation technology in addressing the disadvantages of efficacy application is significant.Objective:Using a combination of ionic liquids and nano-encapsulation technology to obtain HPR-encapsulated ionic liquid nanoparticles(HPR IL-NPs)is an innovative formulation used as a serum,emulsion,and cream in cosmetics for effective anti-wrinkle.Methods:HPR IL-NPs were prepared using matrine coconut oil ionic liquid as a surfactant and permeation enhancer combined with high-pressure homogenization.Results:The average particle size in the obtained HPR IL-NPs was 92.8 nm.Applying the HPR IL-NPs increased the content of active substances in the skin by 3.6-fold compared to a traditional HPR-loaded cream.The chick chorioallantois membrane assay showed an RC50>100%,and repeated skin-irritation tests resulted in a mean value of 0.00 points per animal per day.The HPR IL-NPs showed continuous release for 24 h in vitro in the continuous release test.At the same time,the HPR IL-NPs significantly reduced irritation induced by HPR alone.The number and area of facial wrinkles decreased by 25.09%and 23.65%,respectively,after one week of application of liquid cream on volunteers.Conclusion:IL NPs can significantly improve transdermal absorption efficiency,reduce irritation,and demonstrate high anti-wrinkle efficiency.Supramolecular liquid cream is a promising product in cosmetics for skin care.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic emphasizes the need for the development of molecular tools that can be used as effective diagnostic and therapeutic agents.Herein we investigate the potential of aptamer-dressed nanomaterials bot...The COVID-19 pandemic emphasizes the need for the development of molecular tools that can be used as effective diagnostic and therapeutic agents.Herein we investigate the potential of aptamer-dressed nanomaterials both as diagnostics and therapeutics using SARS-CoV-2 as a model.The nanomaterials are based on the palladium-iridium(Pd-Ir)nanocubes modified with monomeric,dimeric or trimeric aptamers that exhibit varying affinities for the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.These nanomaterials were first examined for diagnostic potential through the creation of a nanozyme-linked aptamer assay(NLAA)that takes advantage of the peroxidase-mimicking activity of Pd-Ir nanocubes.The trimeric aptamer-based NLAA demonstrated a limit of detection(LOD)of 9.3×10^(3) cp/mL for pseudoviruses expressing the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2,172-and 12.9-fold lower than that of the monomeric and dimeric aptamer-based NLAAs,respectively.Upon testing with 60 clinical saliva samples,the trimeric aptamer-based NLAA achieved a specificity of 100%and a sensitivity of 86.7%.The same nanomaterials were also examined for the ability to block viral entry to host cells.The trimeric aptamer-conjugated nanocubes exhibited a superior neutralizing ability,with an IC50 value of 6.4 pM,2.7-fold and 10.1-fold lower than that of the dimeric and monomeric aptamer nanocubes.Moreover,the trimeric aptamer-conjugated nanocubes exhibited excellent biostability and biocompatibility.Overall,our study provides a framework for combating future viral pandemics through the development of a paired biosensor and neutralizing agent made of the same aptamer-modified nanomaterial that recognizes an important viral surface protein like the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.展开更多
Chirality is one of the most remarkable geometrical properties with a variety of manifestations in the material world.The discovery of chirality in inorganic nanostructures spurred the rapid growth of fundamental and ...Chirality is one of the most remarkable geometrical properties with a variety of manifestations in the material world.The discovery of chirality in inorganic nanostructures spurred the rapid growth of fundamental and applied studies involving chiral nanoscale particles in chemistry,biology,medicine,and physics.While many factors make chiral inorganic nanostructures significant to researchers from many backgrounds,the unique characteristic that drives research in this area is their ability to exhibit high chiroptical activity.In this review,we specifically address its origin in juxtaposition with chiral organic nanostructures.Chiroptical activity depends on multiple factors,including the degree of asymmetry and the size of the object,compared with light wavelength.Nonetheless,it is the high polarizability that distinguishes chiral inorganic matter from what is known from organic chemistry and biology.More importantly,strong light-matter interaction between chiral nanostructures and circularly polarized photons has direct implications for the long-standing fundamental questions about the origin of homochirality on earth and new possibilities for chiral catalysis.Increased insight into chiroptical activity also deepens the existing knowledge about the nanoscale matter and expands its technological applications.展开更多
The ability to deliver flexible biosensors through the toughest membranes of the central and peripheral nervous system is an important challenge in neuroscience and neural engineering.Bioelectronic devices implanted t...The ability to deliver flexible biosensors through the toughest membranes of the central and peripheral nervous system is an important challenge in neuroscience and neural engineering.Bioelectronic devices implanted through dura mater and thick epineurium would ideally create minimal compression and acute damage as they reach the neurons of interest.We demonstrate that a three-dimensional diamond shuttle can be easily made with a vertical support to deliver ultra-compliant polymer microelectrodes(4.5-µm thick)through dura mater and thick epineurium.The diamond shuttle has 54%less cross-sectional area than an equivalently stiff silicon shuttle,which we simulated will result in a 37%reduction in blood vessel damage.We also discovered that higher frequency oscillation of the shuttle(200Hz)significantly reduced tissue compression regardless of the insertion speed,while slow speeds also independently reduced tissue compression.Insertion and recording performance are demonstrated in rat and feline models,but the large design space of these tools are suitable for research in a variety of animal models and nervous system targets.展开更多
Materials combining efficient thermal insulation and high mechanical properties are needed in many areas of technology.Various aerogels provide a convenient design framework for thermal insulators,but they are often b...Materials combining efficient thermal insulation and high mechanical properties are needed in many areas of technology.Various aerogels provide a convenient design framework for thermal insulators,but they are often brittle.Furthermore,the spectrum of advanced properties is constantly expanding while requirements to the degree of control of the three‐dimensional gel‐forming network is con-stantly increasing.Here,we report on biomimetic aramid nanofibers aerogels with the structure replicating articular cartilage,prepared by supercritical drying of 3D networks held together by hydrogen bonds.Owing to the branching morphology of the nanofibers,the three‐dimensional nanoscale networks with extensive percolation and high interconnectivity can be obtained.The aerogels showed high porosity with an average open pore size of 21.5 nm and corre-spondingly low specific density of 0.0081 g/cm3.The aerogels also possess a high compressive strength of 825 kPa at a strain of 80%.Due to the unique aramid chemistry of the parent nanofibers,aramid aerogels combine low thermal con-ductivity of 0.026 W/m·K with high thermal stability up to 530°C,which is unusually high for polymeric and composite materials of any type,opening a broad range of applications from electronics to space travel.展开更多
Periodontal tissue engineering involves a multi-disciplinary approach towards the regeneration of periodontal ligament,cementum and alveolar bone surrounding teeth,whereas bone regeneration specifically applies to rid...Periodontal tissue engineering involves a multi-disciplinary approach towards the regeneration of periodontal ligament,cementum and alveolar bone surrounding teeth,whereas bone regeneration specifically applies to ridge reconstruction in preparation for future implant placement,sinus floor augmentation and regeneration of peri-implant osseous defects.Successful periodontal regeneration is based on verifiable cementogenesis on the root surface,oblique insertion of periodontal ligament fibers and formation of new and vital supporting bone.Ultimately,regenerated periodontal and peri-implant support must be able to interface with surrounding host tissues in an integrated manner,withstand biomechanical forces resulting from mastication,and restore normal function and structure.Current regenerative approaches utilized in everyday clinical practice are mainly guided tissue/bone regeneration-based.Although these approaches have shown positive outcomes for small and medium-sized defects,predictability of clinical outcomes is heavily dependent on the defect morphology and clinical case selection.In many cases,it is still challenging to achieve predictable regenerative outcomes utilizing current approaches.Periodontal tissue engineering and bone regeneration(PTEBR)aims to improve the state of patient care by promoting reconstitution of damaged and lost tissues through the use of growth factors and signaling molecules,scaffolds,cells and gene therapy.The present narrative review discusses key advancements in PTEBR including current and future trends in preclinical and clinical research,as well as the potential for clinical translatability.展开更多
基金supported by National Cancer Institute Grants(Nos.P01 CA093900 and R01 CA190554)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Key Projects(Nos.81130046+1 种基金NSFC 81171993 and 81272415)Guangxi Key Project(No.2013GXNSFEA053004)
文摘Prostate cancer tissue is composed of both cancer cells and host cells.The milieu of host components that compose the tumor is termed the tumor microenvironment(TME).Host cells can be those derived from the tissue in which the tumor originates(e.g.,fibroblasts and endothelial cells)or those recruited,through chemotactic or other factors,to the tumor(e.g.,circulating immune cells).Some immune cells are key players in the TME and represent a large proportion of non-tumor cells found within the tumor.Immune cells can have both anti-tumor and pro-tumor activity.In addition,crosstalk between prostate cancer cells and immune cells affects immune cell functions.In this review,we focus on immune cells and cytokines that contribute to tumor progression.We discuss T-regulatory and T helper17 cells and macrophages as key modulators in prostate cancer progression.In addition,we discuss the roles of interleukin-6 and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand in modulating prostate cancer progression.This review highlights the concept that immune cells and cytokines offer a potentially promising target for prostate cancer therapy.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91745112)sponsored by Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.19QA1404100)+1 种基金Financial support from the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Nos.19DZ2271100 and 18020500800)the support from the Opening Project of PCOSS,Xiamen University,201910。
文摘Electrocatalysts for ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)are generally limited by their poor durability because of the catalyst poisoning induced by the reaction intermediate carbon monoxide(CO).Therefore,the rapid oxidation removal of CO intermediates is crucial to the durability of EOR-based catalysts.Herein,in order to effectively avoiding the catalyst CO poisoning and improve the durability,the graphene-nickel nitride hybrids(AG-Ni_(3)N)were designed for supporting palladium nanoparticles(Pd/AG-Ni_(3)N)and then used for ethanol electrooxidation.The density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrated the introduction of AG-Ni_(3)N depresses the CO absorption and simultaneously promotes the adsorption of OH species for CO oxidation removal.The fabricated Pd/AG-Ni_(3)N catalyst distinctively exhibits excellent electroactivity with the mass catalytic activity of 3499.5 m A mg^(-1) on EOR in alkaline media,which is around 5.24 times higher than Pd/C(commercial catalyst).Notably,the Pd/AG-Ni_(3)N hybrids display excellent stability and durability after chronoamperometric measurements with a total operation time of 150,000 s.
基金the National Institutes of Health(NIH–National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research,grant R01DE031476)。
文摘Apical periodontitis(AP)is a dental-driven condition caused by pathogens and their toxins infecting the inner portion of the tooth(i.e.,dental pulp tissue),resulting in inflammation and apical bone resorption affecting 50%of the worldwide population,with more than 15 million root canals performed annually in the United States.Current treatment involves cleaning and decontaminating the infected tissue with chemo-mechanical approaches and materials introduced years ago,such as calcium hydroxide,zinc oxide–eugenol,or even formalin products.Here,we present,for the first time,a nanotherapeutics based on using synthetic highdensity lipoprotein(sHDL)as an innovative and safe strategy to manage dental bone inflammation.sHDL application in concentrations ranging from 25μg to 100μg/mL decreases nuclear factor Kappa B(NF-κB)activation promoted by an inflammatory stimulus(lipopolysaccharide,LPS).Moreover,sHDL at 500μg/mL concentration markedly decreases in vitro osteoclastogenesis(P<0.001),and inhibits IL-1α(P=0.027),TNF-α(P=0.004),and IL-6(P<0.001)production in an inflammatory state.Notably,sHDL strongly dampens the Toll-Like Receptor signaling pathway facing LPS stimulation,mainly by downregulating at least 3-fold the pro-inflammatory genes,such as Il1b,Il1a,Il6,Ptgs2,and Tnf.In vivo,the lipoprotein nanoparticle applied after NaOCl reduced bone resorption volume to(1.3±0.05)mm^(3) and attenuated the inflammatory reaction after treatment to(1090±184)cells compared to non-treated animals that had(2.9±0.6)mm^(3)(P=0.0123)and(2443±931)cells(P=0.004),thus highlighting its promising clinical potential as an alternative therapeutic for managing dental bone inflammation.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.21905069,U21A20307)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Committee(nos.ZDSYS20190902093220279,KQTD20170809110344233,GXWD20201230155427003-20200821181245001,GXWD20201230155427003-20200821181809001,and ZX20200151)the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(no.2020A1515110879).
文摘Background:Aging is a natural process that cannot be stopped but retarded.Hydroxypinacolone retinoate(HPR)is a potent anti-wrinkle agent,but with severe irritancy,low stability,and poor water solubility,making it hard to apply in cosmetics.Ionic liquid(IL),as a solvent,displayed improved transdermal efficiency.The role of nanoencapsulation technology in addressing the disadvantages of efficacy application is significant.Objective:Using a combination of ionic liquids and nano-encapsulation technology to obtain HPR-encapsulated ionic liquid nanoparticles(HPR IL-NPs)is an innovative formulation used as a serum,emulsion,and cream in cosmetics for effective anti-wrinkle.Methods:HPR IL-NPs were prepared using matrine coconut oil ionic liquid as a surfactant and permeation enhancer combined with high-pressure homogenization.Results:The average particle size in the obtained HPR IL-NPs was 92.8 nm.Applying the HPR IL-NPs increased the content of active substances in the skin by 3.6-fold compared to a traditional HPR-loaded cream.The chick chorioallantois membrane assay showed an RC50>100%,and repeated skin-irritation tests resulted in a mean value of 0.00 points per animal per day.The HPR IL-NPs showed continuous release for 24 h in vitro in the continuous release test.At the same time,the HPR IL-NPs significantly reduced irritation induced by HPR alone.The number and area of facial wrinkles decreased by 25.09%and 23.65%,respectively,after one week of application of liquid cream on volunteers.Conclusion:IL NPs can significantly improve transdermal absorption efficiency,reduce irritation,and demonstrate high anti-wrinkle efficiency.Supramolecular liquid cream is a promising product in cosmetics for skin care.
基金supported by a Discovery Grant(grant number RGPIN 2020-06401)an Alliance Grant(grant number ALLRP 570428-2021)the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)and a research grant(grant number GA5-17777777)from Canadian Institutes of Health Research(CIHR)to YL.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic emphasizes the need for the development of molecular tools that can be used as effective diagnostic and therapeutic agents.Herein we investigate the potential of aptamer-dressed nanomaterials both as diagnostics and therapeutics using SARS-CoV-2 as a model.The nanomaterials are based on the palladium-iridium(Pd-Ir)nanocubes modified with monomeric,dimeric or trimeric aptamers that exhibit varying affinities for the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.These nanomaterials were first examined for diagnostic potential through the creation of a nanozyme-linked aptamer assay(NLAA)that takes advantage of the peroxidase-mimicking activity of Pd-Ir nanocubes.The trimeric aptamer-based NLAA demonstrated a limit of detection(LOD)of 9.3×10^(3) cp/mL for pseudoviruses expressing the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2,172-and 12.9-fold lower than that of the monomeric and dimeric aptamer-based NLAAs,respectively.Upon testing with 60 clinical saliva samples,the trimeric aptamer-based NLAA achieved a specificity of 100%and a sensitivity of 86.7%.The same nanomaterials were also examined for the ability to block viral entry to host cells.The trimeric aptamer-conjugated nanocubes exhibited a superior neutralizing ability,with an IC50 value of 6.4 pM,2.7-fold and 10.1-fold lower than that of the dimeric and monomeric aptamer nanocubes.Moreover,the trimeric aptamer-conjugated nanocubes exhibited excellent biostability and biocompatibility.Overall,our study provides a framework for combating future viral pandemics through the development of a paired biosensor and neutralizing agent made of the same aptamer-modified nanomaterial that recognizes an important viral surface protein like the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2.
基金supported by the NSF project“Energy-and Cost-Efficient Manufacturing Employing Nanoparticles”NSF 1463474NSF 1566460“Nanospiked Particles for Photocatalysis.”。
文摘Chirality is one of the most remarkable geometrical properties with a variety of manifestations in the material world.The discovery of chirality in inorganic nanostructures spurred the rapid growth of fundamental and applied studies involving chiral nanoscale particles in chemistry,biology,medicine,and physics.While many factors make chiral inorganic nanostructures significant to researchers from many backgrounds,the unique characteristic that drives research in this area is their ability to exhibit high chiroptical activity.In this review,we specifically address its origin in juxtaposition with chiral organic nanostructures.Chiroptical activity depends on multiple factors,including the degree of asymmetry and the size of the object,compared with light wavelength.Nonetheless,it is the high polarizability that distinguishes chiral inorganic matter from what is known from organic chemistry and biology.More importantly,strong light-matter interaction between chiral nanostructures and circularly polarized photons has direct implications for the long-standing fundamental questions about the origin of homochirality on earth and new possibilities for chiral catalysis.Increased insight into chiroptical activity also deepens the existing knowledge about the nanoscale matter and expands its technological applications.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering of the National Institutes of Health(R21EB020811,and SPARC program Awards U18EB021760,OT2OD024907,and OT2OD023873)Kavli Foundation funding,and Seed Funding for Innovative Projects in Neuroscience from the University of Michigan Brain Initiative Working Group(MiBrain).
文摘The ability to deliver flexible biosensors through the toughest membranes of the central and peripheral nervous system is an important challenge in neuroscience and neural engineering.Bioelectronic devices implanted through dura mater and thick epineurium would ideally create minimal compression and acute damage as they reach the neurons of interest.We demonstrate that a three-dimensional diamond shuttle can be easily made with a vertical support to deliver ultra-compliant polymer microelectrodes(4.5-µm thick)through dura mater and thick epineurium.The diamond shuttle has 54%less cross-sectional area than an equivalently stiff silicon shuttle,which we simulated will result in a 37%reduction in blood vessel damage.We also discovered that higher frequency oscillation of the shuttle(200Hz)significantly reduced tissue compression regardless of the insertion speed,while slow speeds also independently reduced tissue compression.Insertion and recording performance are demonstrated in rat and feline models,but the large design space of these tools are suitable for research in a variety of animal models and nervous system targets.
基金Center for Hierarchical Manufacturing,National Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:1538180National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51673053。
文摘Materials combining efficient thermal insulation and high mechanical properties are needed in many areas of technology.Various aerogels provide a convenient design framework for thermal insulators,but they are often brittle.Furthermore,the spectrum of advanced properties is constantly expanding while requirements to the degree of control of the three‐dimensional gel‐forming network is con-stantly increasing.Here,we report on biomimetic aramid nanofibers aerogels with the structure replicating articular cartilage,prepared by supercritical drying of 3D networks held together by hydrogen bonds.Owing to the branching morphology of the nanofibers,the three‐dimensional nanoscale networks with extensive percolation and high interconnectivity can be obtained.The aerogels showed high porosity with an average open pore size of 21.5 nm and corre-spondingly low specific density of 0.0081 g/cm3.The aerogels also possess a high compressive strength of 825 kPa at a strain of 80%.Due to the unique aramid chemistry of the parent nanofibers,aramid aerogels combine low thermal con-ductivity of 0.026 W/m·K with high thermal stability up to 530°C,which is unusually high for polymeric and composite materials of any type,opening a broad range of applications from electronics to space travel.
基金supported by the University of Michigan Periodontal Graduate Student Research Fund.Giannobile WV was supported by NIH/NIDCR(U24.DE026915).
文摘Periodontal tissue engineering involves a multi-disciplinary approach towards the regeneration of periodontal ligament,cementum and alveolar bone surrounding teeth,whereas bone regeneration specifically applies to ridge reconstruction in preparation for future implant placement,sinus floor augmentation and regeneration of peri-implant osseous defects.Successful periodontal regeneration is based on verifiable cementogenesis on the root surface,oblique insertion of periodontal ligament fibers and formation of new and vital supporting bone.Ultimately,regenerated periodontal and peri-implant support must be able to interface with surrounding host tissues in an integrated manner,withstand biomechanical forces resulting from mastication,and restore normal function and structure.Current regenerative approaches utilized in everyday clinical practice are mainly guided tissue/bone regeneration-based.Although these approaches have shown positive outcomes for small and medium-sized defects,predictability of clinical outcomes is heavily dependent on the defect morphology and clinical case selection.In many cases,it is still challenging to achieve predictable regenerative outcomes utilizing current approaches.Periodontal tissue engineering and bone regeneration(PTEBR)aims to improve the state of patient care by promoting reconstitution of damaged and lost tissues through the use of growth factors and signaling molecules,scaffolds,cells and gene therapy.The present narrative review discusses key advancements in PTEBR including current and future trends in preclinical and clinical research,as well as the potential for clinical translatability.
