The respiratory system's complex cellular heterogeneity presents unique challenges to researchers in this field.Although bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)have provided insights into cel...The respiratory system's complex cellular heterogeneity presents unique challenges to researchers in this field.Although bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)have provided insights into cell types and heterogeneity in the respiratory system,the relevant specific spatial localization and cellular interactions have not been clearly elucidated.Spatial transcriptomics(ST)has filled this gap and has been widely used in respiratory studies.This review focuses on the latest iterative technology of ST in recent years,summarizing how ST can be applied to the physiological and pathological processes of the respiratory system,with emphasis on the lungs.Finally,the current challenges and potential development directions are proposed,including high-throughput full-length transcriptome,integration of multi-omics,temporal and spatial omics,bioinformatics analysis,etc.These viewpoints are expected to advance the study of systematic mechanisms,including respiratory studies.展开更多
In the current settings of osteosarcoma research and drug screening,in vitro three-dimensional(3D)models,which overcome the limitations of traditional models,are favored.In in vitro 3D models,tumor microenvironment si...In the current settings of osteosarcoma research and drug screening,in vitro three-dimensional(3D)models,which overcome the limitations of traditional models,are favored.In in vitro 3D models,tumor microenvironment simulation,particularly of the mechanical microenvironment,is crucial for estimating the biological effects of a tumor.However,current in vitro osteosarcoma model construction is often limited to a single mechanical signal,which fails to simulate the diversity of osteosarcoma mechanical stimuli.In this study,we utilized embedded bioprinting technology and the multiple response properties of calcium ions in soft and hard stiffness systems with osteosarcoma cell biological functions to construct an integrated gradient biomechanical signal-tailored osteosarcoma model(IGBSTOM).We achieved this by printing a fibrinogen bioink containing calcium ions and osteosarcoma tumor spheroids within an extracellular matrix composed of methacryloylated alginate,methacryloylated gelatin,thrombin,and transglutaminase,which is rich in polysaccharides and proteins and exhibits self-healing properties.Our in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the IGBSTOM enhanced tumor stemness,proliferation,and migration,and successfully reproduced the nest-like structure of tumors,providing an in vitro research platform that is more similar to the natural tumor than the existing models.This study proposes a novel IGBSTOM construction and provides a new strategy for the clinical understanding of tumor development,drug screening,and exploration of drug resistance and metastasis mechanisms.展开更多
Current bioadhesive dressings,though potential in wound care,often exhibit inadequate adhesion and lack essential properties for optimal wound healing,such as being antibacterial,hemostatic,and angiogenic.While variou...Current bioadhesive dressings,though potential in wound care,often exhibit inadequate adhesion and lack essential properties for optimal wound healing,such as being antibacterial,hemostatic,and angiogenic.While various scaffolds containing natural adhesive molecules such as 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-L-alanine(DOPA)and tannic acid(TA)have been individually assessed,the comparison of adhesives containing these molecules are scarcely studied.This study addresses these limitations by developing two innovative composite hydrogel adhesives,based on DOPA and TA,which are integrated with novel multi-metal bioactive glass nanoparticles(BGNs).A comprehensive comparison of their properties was conducted to evaluate their potential in improving wound healing outcomes.BGNs were synthesized using sol-gel approach,yielding an amorphous and porous structure.Incorporation of 10%w/w BGNs with uniform distribution enhanced the mechanical and adhesive properties of both hydrogels,with TA-based dressings demonstrating superior performance.While both dressings demonstrated biocompatibility and hemocompatibility,TA-based adhesive outperformed DOPA-based adhesive in cell viability and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,while DOPA-based composites showed better in vitro angiogenic and hemostatic capabilities.Regarding in vivo investigations,conducted on mice model of full-thickness skin wounds,DOPA-incorporated adhesive dressing which contained 10%BGN exhibited slightly superior performance in re-epithelialization,collagen formation and blood vessel density,indicating its potential for acute wound healing applications.展开更多
Smart biomaterials can sense and react to physiological or external environmental stimuli(e.g.,mechanical,chemical,electrical,or magnetic signals).The last decades have seen exponential growth in the use and developme...Smart biomaterials can sense and react to physiological or external environmental stimuli(e.g.,mechanical,chemical,electrical,or magnetic signals).The last decades have seen exponential growth in the use and development of smart dental biomaterials for antimicrobial applications in dentistry.These biomaterial systems offer improved efficacy and controllable bio-functionalities to prevent infections and extend the longevity of dental devices.This review article presents the current state-of-the-art of design,evaluation,advantages,and limitations of bioactive and stimuli-responsive and autonomous dental materials for antimicrobial applications.First,the importance and classification of smart biomaterials are discussed.Second,the categories of bioresponsive antibacterial dental materials are systematically itemized based on different stimuli,including pH,enzymes,light,magnetic field,and vibrations.For each category,their antimicrobial mechanism,applications,and examples are discussed.Finally,we examined the limitations and obstacles required to develop clinically relevant applications of these appealing technologies.展开更多
Diamond-like carbon(DLC)coatings are known to provide beneficial mechanical and tribological properties in harsh environments.Their combination of high wear resistance and low friction has led to their extensive use i...Diamond-like carbon(DLC)coatings are known to provide beneficial mechanical and tribological properties in harsh environments.Their combination of high wear resistance and low friction has led to their extensive use in any number of industries.The tribological performance of a DLC coating is varied however,and the frictional response is known to be strongly dependent on the surrounding environment,as well as the material composition and bonding structure of the DLC coating.This paper presents an up-to-date review on the friction of DLC coatings in a water environment,with a special focus on transfer layer formation and tribochemistry.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82271629)the Central Funds Guiding the Local Science and Technology Development of Shenzhen(2021Szvup024)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program(BE2021664)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX23_0312)。
文摘The respiratory system's complex cellular heterogeneity presents unique challenges to researchers in this field.Although bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)have provided insights into cell types and heterogeneity in the respiratory system,the relevant specific spatial localization and cellular interactions have not been clearly elucidated.Spatial transcriptomics(ST)has filled this gap and has been widely used in respiratory studies.This review focuses on the latest iterative technology of ST in recent years,summarizing how ST can be applied to the physiological and pathological processes of the respiratory system,with emphasis on the lungs.Finally,the current challenges and potential development directions are proposed,including high-throughput full-length transcriptome,integration of multi-omics,temporal and spatial omics,bioinformatics analysis,etc.These viewpoints are expected to advance the study of systematic mechanisms,including respiratory studies.
基金appreciate financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFA1104600)2022 Lingang Laboratory“Seeking Outstanding Youth Program”Open Project(No.LGQS-202206-04)+3 种基金Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital–Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine–Shanghai University of Science and Technology Cross-funded Collaborative Program(No.JYJC202233)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82372377)Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Institute Cooperative Research Project by Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.2022LHBO8),Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants,Department of Orthopaedics by Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital–Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(No.KFKT202206),the Key R&D Program of Jiangsu Province Social Development Project(No.BE2022708)the Project of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(No.22015820100).
文摘In the current settings of osteosarcoma research and drug screening,in vitro three-dimensional(3D)models,which overcome the limitations of traditional models,are favored.In in vitro 3D models,tumor microenvironment simulation,particularly of the mechanical microenvironment,is crucial for estimating the biological effects of a tumor.However,current in vitro osteosarcoma model construction is often limited to a single mechanical signal,which fails to simulate the diversity of osteosarcoma mechanical stimuli.In this study,we utilized embedded bioprinting technology and the multiple response properties of calcium ions in soft and hard stiffness systems with osteosarcoma cell biological functions to construct an integrated gradient biomechanical signal-tailored osteosarcoma model(IGBSTOM).We achieved this by printing a fibrinogen bioink containing calcium ions and osteosarcoma tumor spheroids within an extracellular matrix composed of methacryloylated alginate,methacryloylated gelatin,thrombin,and transglutaminase,which is rich in polysaccharides and proteins and exhibits self-healing properties.Our in vitro and in vivo studies showed that the IGBSTOM enhanced tumor stemness,proliferation,and migration,and successfully reproduced the nest-like structure of tumors,providing an in vitro research platform that is more similar to the natural tumor than the existing models.This study proposes a novel IGBSTOM construction and provides a new strategy for the clinical understanding of tumor development,drug screening,and exploration of drug resistance and metastasis mechanisms.
文摘Current bioadhesive dressings,though potential in wound care,often exhibit inadequate adhesion and lack essential properties for optimal wound healing,such as being antibacterial,hemostatic,and angiogenic.While various scaffolds containing natural adhesive molecules such as 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-L-alanine(DOPA)and tannic acid(TA)have been individually assessed,the comparison of adhesives containing these molecules are scarcely studied.This study addresses these limitations by developing two innovative composite hydrogel adhesives,based on DOPA and TA,which are integrated with novel multi-metal bioactive glass nanoparticles(BGNs).A comprehensive comparison of their properties was conducted to evaluate their potential in improving wound healing outcomes.BGNs were synthesized using sol-gel approach,yielding an amorphous and porous structure.Incorporation of 10%w/w BGNs with uniform distribution enhanced the mechanical and adhesive properties of both hydrogels,with TA-based dressings demonstrating superior performance.While both dressings demonstrated biocompatibility and hemocompatibility,TA-based adhesive outperformed DOPA-based adhesive in cell viability and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli,while DOPA-based composites showed better in vitro angiogenic and hemostatic capabilities.Regarding in vivo investigations,conducted on mice model of full-thickness skin wounds,DOPA-incorporated adhesive dressing which contained 10%BGN exhibited slightly superior performance in re-epithelialization,collagen formation and blood vessel density,indicating its potential for acute wound healing applications.
文摘Smart biomaterials can sense and react to physiological or external environmental stimuli(e.g.,mechanical,chemical,electrical,or magnetic signals).The last decades have seen exponential growth in the use and development of smart dental biomaterials for antimicrobial applications in dentistry.These biomaterial systems offer improved efficacy and controllable bio-functionalities to prevent infections and extend the longevity of dental devices.This review article presents the current state-of-the-art of design,evaluation,advantages,and limitations of bioactive and stimuli-responsive and autonomous dental materials for antimicrobial applications.First,the importance and classification of smart biomaterials are discussed.Second,the categories of bioresponsive antibacterial dental materials are systematically itemized based on different stimuli,including pH,enzymes,light,magnetic field,and vibrations.For each category,their antimicrobial mechanism,applications,and examples are discussed.Finally,we examined the limitations and obstacles required to develop clinically relevant applications of these appealing technologies.
文摘Diamond-like carbon(DLC)coatings are known to provide beneficial mechanical and tribological properties in harsh environments.Their combination of high wear resistance and low friction has led to their extensive use in any number of industries.The tribological performance of a DLC coating is varied however,and the frictional response is known to be strongly dependent on the surrounding environment,as well as the material composition and bonding structure of the DLC coating.This paper presents an up-to-date review on the friction of DLC coatings in a water environment,with a special focus on transfer layer formation and tribochemistry.
