Neuromorphic devices have shown great potential in simulating the function of biological neurons due to their efficient parallel information processing and low energy consumption.MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),an emerging two...Neuromorphic devices have shown great potential in simulating the function of biological neurons due to their efficient parallel information processing and low energy consumption.MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),an emerging twodimensional material,stands out as an ideal candidate for fabricating neuromorphic devices.Its exceptional electrical performance and robust mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for this purpose.This review aims to uncover the advantages and properties of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)in neuromorphic devices and to promote its further development.Firstly,we categorize several core physical mechanisms present in MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices and summarize in detail the reasons for their formation.Then,this work systematically summarizes and classifies advanced techniques for the three main optimization pathways of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),such as doping engineering,interface engineering,and structural engineering.Significantly,this work highlights innovative applications of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices in cutting-edge computing paradigms,particularly near-sensor computing and in-sensor computing.Finally,this review carefully compiles a table that integrates almost all research results involving MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices and discusses the challenges,development prospects,and feasibility of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-based neuromorphic devices in practical applications,aiming to lay a solid theoretical foundation and provide technical support for further exploration and application of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)in the field of neuromorphic devices.展开更多
目的探讨高三尖杉酯碱(HHT)对HT29人结直肠肿瘤细胞增殖和凋亡调控的分子机制。方法用(0、0.0078125、0.015625、0.03125、0.0625、0.125、0.25、0.5、1、2、4、8)μg/m L HHT分别处理HT29细胞24、48、72 h。CCK-8法检测HT29细胞的增殖...目的探讨高三尖杉酯碱(HHT)对HT29人结直肠肿瘤细胞增殖和凋亡调控的分子机制。方法用(0、0.0078125、0.015625、0.03125、0.0625、0.125、0.25、0.5、1、2、4、8)μg/m L HHT分别处理HT29细胞24、48、72 h。CCK-8法检测HT29细胞的增殖,集落形成实验检测细胞的集落形成能力;Hoechst33258染色观察染色质凝集情况,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡;实时定量PCR检测BAX、Bcl2、胱天蛋白酶3(caspase-3)、caspase-9、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)、丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶(PDK1)、蛋白激酶B(AKT)、雷帕霉素靶蛋白调节相关蛋白(raptor)、雷帕霉素不敏感的伴侣蛋白(rictor)的mRNA水平;Western blot法检测BAX、Bcl2、胱天蛋白酶3前体(pro-caspase-3)、裂解型caspase-3(c-caspase-3)、pro-caspase-9、裂解型caspase-9(c-caspase-9)、多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶(PARP)、裂解型PARP(c-PARP)、mTOR、raptor、rictor、PI3K、PDK1、AKT、p-AKT的蛋白水平。结果与对照组相比,HHT能抑制HT29细胞增殖,诱导细胞核破裂,染色质凝聚,凋亡小体形成;同时,HHT处理能够提高HT29细胞中BAX/Bcl2比值、caspase-3、caspase-9、raptor的mRNA水平,降低PI3K、AKT、rictor的mRNA水平;并上调HT29细胞中c-caspase-3、c-caspase-9、c-PARP、BAX、raptor蛋白水平,下调pro-caspase-3、pro-caspase-9、PARP、PI3K、PDK1、AKT、mTOR、rictor蛋白水平。结论 HHT能够通过阻断mTOR信号通路,进而抑制HT29人结直肠肿瘤细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡。展开更多
目的观察泛素连接酶肌肉环指状蛋白2(muscle ring finger protein2,MuRF2)在HL-1心肌细胞自噬中的作用。方法采用慢病毒转染技术上调和下调HL-1心肌细胞中MuRF2的表达。实验分为阴性对照组、阳性对照组(空载病毒对照)、雷帕霉素处理组、...目的观察泛素连接酶肌肉环指状蛋白2(muscle ring finger protein2,MuRF2)在HL-1心肌细胞自噬中的作用。方法采用慢病毒转染技术上调和下调HL-1心肌细胞中MuRF2的表达。实验分为阴性对照组、阳性对照组(空载病毒对照)、雷帕霉素处理组、MuRF2过表达组和MuRF2敲减组。用雷帕霉素处理细胞,蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测自噬蛋白LC3和BNIP3的表达。透射电镜观察HL-1心肌细胞超微结构。结果(1)Western blot验证,MuRF2过表达组中MuRF2蛋白表达水平均高于阴性对照组、阳性对照组、雷帕霉素处理组(P均<0.05),MuRF2敲减组中MuRF2蛋白表达水平均低于阴性对照组、阳性对照组、雷帕霉素处理组(P均<0.05)。(2)Western blot结果表明,雷帕霉素处理组LC3蛋白Ⅱ/Ⅰ比值和BNIP3蛋白表达均高于阴性对照组(P均<0.05),MuRF2过表达组LC3蛋白Ⅱ/Ⅰ比值和BNIP3蛋白表达均低于雷帕霉素处理组(P均<0.05)。与阴性对照组相比,MuRF2敲减组的LC3蛋白Ⅱ/Ⅰ比值和BNIP3蛋白表达均升高(P均<0.05),雷帕霉素处理组和MuRF2敲减组在LC蛋白Ⅱ/Ⅰ比值和BNIP3蛋白表达上差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。透射电镜显示,雷帕霉素处理组线粒体分裂、碎片化,自噬体和自噬溶酶体散在胞质内。MuRF2过表达组线粒体处于融合状态,自噬体明显减少。结论MuRF2可以抑制心肌细胞线粒体自噬。展开更多
目的:本研究旨在证实朝鲜白头翁、人参和甘草的复合水提物(water extract ofPulsatillakoreana(Yabe ex Nakai)Nakai ex T.Mori.,PanaxginsengC.A.Meyer andGlycyrrhizauralensisFisch,WEPPG)的抗血管生成作用。方法:使用纤维母细胞生...目的:本研究旨在证实朝鲜白头翁、人参和甘草的复合水提物(water extract ofPulsatillakoreana(Yabe ex Nakai)Nakai ex T.Mori.,PanaxginsengC.A.Meyer andGlycyrrhizauralensisFisch,WEPPG)的抗血管生成作用。方法:使用纤维母细胞生长因子致血管生成的人类脐静脉内皮细胞模型衡量细胞的增殖、黏附及迁移,同时进行细管形成实验及纤维母细胞生长因子致鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生成实验检测WEPPG的抗血管生成作用。结果:WEPPG能够显著抑制纤维母细胞生长因子所致血管生成的人类脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖、黏附及迁移。信号蛋白分析显示多种蛋白表达变化,如细胞周期素A、p63、KIP2的上调及nibrin蛋白和黏着斑激酶的下调。与对照组相比,WEPPG显著减少了鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生成。结论:本研究的结果证实了WEPPG的抗血管生成作用,这可能是这种药物具有抗癌功效的原因之一。展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(Grant No.12425209)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20A20390,11827803,12172034,11822201,62004056,62104058,62271269).
文摘Neuromorphic devices have shown great potential in simulating the function of biological neurons due to their efficient parallel information processing and low energy consumption.MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),an emerging twodimensional material,stands out as an ideal candidate for fabricating neuromorphic devices.Its exceptional electrical performance and robust mechanical properties make it an ideal choice for this purpose.This review aims to uncover the advantages and properties of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)in neuromorphic devices and to promote its further development.Firstly,we categorize several core physical mechanisms present in MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices and summarize in detail the reasons for their formation.Then,this work systematically summarizes and classifies advanced techniques for the three main optimization pathways of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x),such as doping engineering,interface engineering,and structural engineering.Significantly,this work highlights innovative applications of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices in cutting-edge computing paradigms,particularly near-sensor computing and in-sensor computing.Finally,this review carefully compiles a table that integrates almost all research results involving MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)neuromorphic devices and discusses the challenges,development prospects,and feasibility of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)-based neuromorphic devices in practical applications,aiming to lay a solid theoretical foundation and provide technical support for further exploration and application of MXene-Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)in the field of neuromorphic devices.
文摘目的:本研究旨在证实朝鲜白头翁、人参和甘草的复合水提物(water extract ofPulsatillakoreana(Yabe ex Nakai)Nakai ex T.Mori.,PanaxginsengC.A.Meyer andGlycyrrhizauralensisFisch,WEPPG)的抗血管生成作用。方法:使用纤维母细胞生长因子致血管生成的人类脐静脉内皮细胞模型衡量细胞的增殖、黏附及迁移,同时进行细管形成实验及纤维母细胞生长因子致鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生成实验检测WEPPG的抗血管生成作用。结果:WEPPG能够显著抑制纤维母细胞生长因子所致血管生成的人类脐静脉内皮细胞的增殖、黏附及迁移。信号蛋白分析显示多种蛋白表达变化,如细胞周期素A、p63、KIP2的上调及nibrin蛋白和黏着斑激酶的下调。与对照组相比,WEPPG显著减少了鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜血管生成。结论:本研究的结果证实了WEPPG的抗血管生成作用,这可能是这种药物具有抗癌功效的原因之一。
