干扰素-γ诱导蛋白16(interferon gamma-inducible protein 16,IFI16)是含pyrin和造血表达、干扰素诱导特性和核定位(hematopoietic expression,interferon-inducible nature,and nuclear localization,HIN)结构域的蛋白质(pyrin and HI...干扰素-γ诱导蛋白16(interferon gamma-inducible protein 16,IFI16)是含pyrin和造血表达、干扰素诱导特性和核定位(hematopoietic expression,interferon-inducible nature,and nuclear localization,HIN)结构域的蛋白质(pyrin and HIN domain-containing protein,PYHIN)家族的重要成员,其独特的分子结构使其能够识别细胞内的多种核酸分子。作为一种关键的免疫调节因子,IFI16可通过多种途径参与天然免疫信号转导,在宿主抗病毒防御中发挥重要作用。本文综述了IFI16的分子特征及其在天然免疫和病毒感染中的调控机制,为抗病毒感染的治疗靶点及药物开发提供理论依据。展开更多
Neurodegenerative disease is characterized by the presence of inclusion bodies containing abnormal toxic proteins in the central nervous system.Physiologicalα-synuclein exists in the form of a monomer or dimer at the...Neurodegenerative disease is characterized by the presence of inclusion bodies containing abnormal toxic proteins in the central nervous system.Physiologicalα-synuclein exists in the form of a monomer or dimer at the presynaptic nerve terminal.It serves as a key molecule to modulate endocytosis and exocytosis.However,under pathological conditions,α-synuclein adopts different conformations,being converted into toxic oligomers.The molecular weight ofα-synuclein oligomers ranges from 25 to 180 kDa,and they do not form filamentous aggregates ofα-synuclein.Subsequently,α-synuclein oligomers change to aggregates,including protofibrils and fibrils(Miki et al.,2022).This process has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases collectively termed synucleinopathies,which include Parkinson’s disease,dementia with Lewy bodies,and multiple system atrophy(MSA).展开更多
Colorectal cancer(CRC)causes approximately 600000deaths annually and is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.Despite significant advancements in treatment options,CRC patient survival is still poor ow...Colorectal cancer(CRC)causes approximately 600000deaths annually and is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.Despite significant advancements in treatment options,CRC patient survival is still poor owing to a lack of effective tools for early diagnosis and a limited capacity for optimal therapeutic decision making.Since there exists a need to find new biomarkers to improve diagnosis of CRC,the research on epigenetic biomarkers for molecular diagnostics encourages the translation of this field from the bench to clinical practice.Epigenetic alterations are thought to hold great promise as tumor biomarkers.In this review,we will primarily focus on recent advances in the study of epigenetic biomarkers for colorectal cancer and discuss epigenetic biomarkers,including DNA methylation,microRNA expression and histone modification,in cancer tissue,stool,plasma,serum,cell lines and xenografts.These studies have improved the chances that epigenetic biomarkers will find a place in the clinical practices of screening,early diagnosis,prognosis,therapy choice and recurrence surveillance for CRC patients.However,these studies have typically been small in size,and evaluation at a larger scale of well-controlled randomized clinical trials is the next step that is necessary to increase the quality of epigenetic biomarkers and ensure their widespread clinical use.展开更多
Therapeutic experiments are commonly performed on laboratory animals to inves-tigate the possible mechanism(s)of action of toxic agents as well as drugs or sub-stances under consideration.The use of toxins in laborato...Therapeutic experiments are commonly performed on laboratory animals to inves-tigate the possible mechanism(s)of action of toxic agents as well as drugs or sub-stances under consideration.The use of toxins in laboratory animal models,including rats,is intended to cause toxicity.This study aimed to investigate different models of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in laboratory animals to help researchers advance their research goals.The current narrative review used databases such as Medline,Web of Science,Scopus,and Embase and appropriate keywords until June 2021.Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity models derived from some toxic agents such as cisplatin,acetaminophen,doxorubicin,some anticancer drugs,and other materials through various signaling pathways are investigated.To understand the models of renal or hepatotoxicity in laboratory animals,we have provided a list of toxic agents and their toxicity procedures in this review.展开更多
Owing to safety issue and low energy density of liquid lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),all-solid-state lithium metal batteries(ASLMBs)with unique all-solid-state electrolytes(SEs)have attracted wide attentions.This arises...Owing to safety issue and low energy density of liquid lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),all-solid-state lithium metal batteries(ASLMBs)with unique all-solid-state electrolytes(SEs)have attracted wide attentions.This arises mainly from the advantages of the SEs in the suppression of lithium dendrite growth,long cycle life,and broad working temperature range,showing huge potential applications in electronic devices,electric vehicles,smart grids,and biomedical devices.However,SEs suffer from low lithiumion conductivity and low mechanical integrity,slowing down the development of practical ASLMBs.Nanostructure engineering is of great efficiency in tuning the structure and composition of the SEs with improved lithium-ion conductivity and mechanical integrity.Among various available technologies for nanostructure engineering,electrospinning is a promising technique because of its simple operation,cost-effectiveness,and efficient integration with different components.In this review,we will first give a simple description of the electrospinning process.Then,the use of electrospinning technique in the synthesis of various SEs is summarized,for example,organic nanofibrous matrix,organic/inorganic nanofibrous matrix,and inorganic nanofibrous matrix combined with other components.The current development of the advanced architectures of SEs through electrospinning technology is also presented to provide references and ideas for designing high-performance ASLMBs.Finally,an outlook and further challenges in the preparation of advanced SEs for ASLMBs through electrospinning engineering are given.展开更多
文摘干扰素-γ诱导蛋白16(interferon gamma-inducible protein 16,IFI16)是含pyrin和造血表达、干扰素诱导特性和核定位(hematopoietic expression,interferon-inducible nature,and nuclear localization,HIN)结构域的蛋白质(pyrin and HIN domain-containing protein,PYHIN)家族的重要成员,其独特的分子结构使其能够识别细胞内的多种核酸分子。作为一种关键的免疫调节因子,IFI16可通过多种途径参与天然免疫信号转导,在宿主抗病毒防御中发挥重要作用。本文综述了IFI16的分子特征及其在天然免疫和病毒感染中的调控机制,为抗病毒感染的治疗靶点及药物开发提供理论依据。
基金supported by Hirosaki University Priority Research Grant for Future Innovation(to YM),JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers 24K10654(to YM)and 23K24209(to KW)the Collaborative Research Project of the Brain Research Institute,Niigata University(to YM).
文摘Neurodegenerative disease is characterized by the presence of inclusion bodies containing abnormal toxic proteins in the central nervous system.Physiologicalα-synuclein exists in the form of a monomer or dimer at the presynaptic nerve terminal.It serves as a key molecule to modulate endocytosis and exocytosis.However,under pathological conditions,α-synuclein adopts different conformations,being converted into toxic oligomers.The molecular weight ofα-synuclein oligomers ranges from 25 to 180 kDa,and they do not form filamentous aggregates ofα-synuclein.Subsequently,α-synuclein oligomers change to aggregates,including protofibrils and fibrils(Miki et al.,2022).This process has been implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases collectively termed synucleinopathies,which include Parkinson’s disease,dementia with Lewy bodies,and multiple system atrophy(MSA).
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81071651 and No.81372622the Program for Zhejiang Leading Team of ST innovation,No.2012R10046-03+3 种基金Major State Basic Research Development Program,No.2010CB834303National High Technology Research and Development Program of China,No.2012AA02A601Major Projects in Zhejiang Province,No.2012C13014-1the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.2012FZA7020
文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC)causes approximately 600000deaths annually and is the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide.Despite significant advancements in treatment options,CRC patient survival is still poor owing to a lack of effective tools for early diagnosis and a limited capacity for optimal therapeutic decision making.Since there exists a need to find new biomarkers to improve diagnosis of CRC,the research on epigenetic biomarkers for molecular diagnostics encourages the translation of this field from the bench to clinical practice.Epigenetic alterations are thought to hold great promise as tumor biomarkers.In this review,we will primarily focus on recent advances in the study of epigenetic biomarkers for colorectal cancer and discuss epigenetic biomarkers,including DNA methylation,microRNA expression and histone modification,in cancer tissue,stool,plasma,serum,cell lines and xenografts.These studies have improved the chances that epigenetic biomarkers will find a place in the clinical practices of screening,early diagnosis,prognosis,therapy choice and recurrence surveillance for CRC patients.However,these studies have typically been small in size,and evaluation at a larger scale of well-controlled randomized clinical trials is the next step that is necessary to increase the quality of epigenetic biomarkers and ensure their widespread clinical use.
文摘Therapeutic experiments are commonly performed on laboratory animals to inves-tigate the possible mechanism(s)of action of toxic agents as well as drugs or sub-stances under consideration.The use of toxins in laboratory animal models,including rats,is intended to cause toxicity.This study aimed to investigate different models of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in laboratory animals to help researchers advance their research goals.The current narrative review used databases such as Medline,Web of Science,Scopus,and Embase and appropriate keywords until June 2021.Nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity models derived from some toxic agents such as cisplatin,acetaminophen,doxorubicin,some anticancer drugs,and other materials through various signaling pathways are investigated.To understand the models of renal or hepatotoxicity in laboratory animals,we have provided a list of toxic agents and their toxicity procedures in this review.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China for Demonstration of Integrated Utilization of Solid Waste in Distinctive Convergent Areas of Southeast Light Industry Building Materials(2019YFC1904500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81770222)+4 种基金the Social Development Industry University Research Cooperation Project from the Department of Science and Technology in Fujian(2018Y4002)support by the Award Program for Fujian Minjiang Scholar Professorshipsupport from the Australian Research Grants Council(DP130104648)support from the NSERC Discovery Grant(NSERC RGPIN-2020-04463)McGill Start-Up Grant。
文摘Owing to safety issue and low energy density of liquid lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),all-solid-state lithium metal batteries(ASLMBs)with unique all-solid-state electrolytes(SEs)have attracted wide attentions.This arises mainly from the advantages of the SEs in the suppression of lithium dendrite growth,long cycle life,and broad working temperature range,showing huge potential applications in electronic devices,electric vehicles,smart grids,and biomedical devices.However,SEs suffer from low lithiumion conductivity and low mechanical integrity,slowing down the development of practical ASLMBs.Nanostructure engineering is of great efficiency in tuning the structure and composition of the SEs with improved lithium-ion conductivity and mechanical integrity.Among various available technologies for nanostructure engineering,electrospinning is a promising technique because of its simple operation,cost-effectiveness,and efficient integration with different components.In this review,we will first give a simple description of the electrospinning process.Then,the use of electrospinning technique in the synthesis of various SEs is summarized,for example,organic nanofibrous matrix,organic/inorganic nanofibrous matrix,and inorganic nanofibrous matrix combined with other components.The current development of the advanced architectures of SEs through electrospinning technology is also presented to provide references and ideas for designing high-performance ASLMBs.Finally,an outlook and further challenges in the preparation of advanced SEs for ASLMBs through electrospinning engineering are given.
