Objective To examine increases in average height among Chinese children and adolescents.Methods The data were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey conducted during the period 1989–2015. A stratified mu...Objective To examine increases in average height among Chinese children and adolescents.Methods The data were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey conducted during the period 1989–2015. A stratified multistage cluster sampling method was utilized to select participants aged 2–22 years in each province. Linear regression was used to examine the effects of age, birth cohort, and survey period on height.Results A total of 15,227 males and 13,737 females were included in the final analysis. Age(A) showed a continuous effect on height. The average heights of the investigated groups increased continuously during the investigation period. By 2015, the average height of the overall group increased by 7.87 cm compared to the average height during the 1989 survey. Moreover, birth year(cohort, C) also had a stable effect on height. Using the height of individuals born in or before 1975 as a reference, the average height of each birth cohort increased in comparison to the previous birth cohort.Conclusions The height of Chinese children and adolescents was affected by age, period, and cohort effects, and this effect is governed by certain rules. The age-period-cohort model can be used to analyze the trends of children’s and adolescent’s heights. The findings provide a scientific basis for the formulation of children’s and adolescents’ growth and development policies in China.展开更多
Importance:As the most common subtype of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS),the prognosis of embryonal RMS has rarely been investigated solely.Objective:To perform a population-based study to characterize the prognosis o...Importance:As the most common subtype of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS),the prognosis of embryonal RMS has rarely been investigated solely.Objective:To perform a population-based study to characterize the prognosis of embryonal RMS in children and adolescents.Methods:Demographic and clinical features were retrospectively evaluated in selected patients with embryonal RMS registered in the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)program from 1988 to 2016.Survival curves were compared using the log-rank test.A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was developed to assess the impact of each factor on the overall survival.A nomogram was constructed based on the results of Cox regression model.Results:A total of 464 patients were included in the analysis,among which 64.6%were male and 70.2%were white patients.About 38.6%and 26.3%of the patients were at 1-4 years and 5-9 years,respectively.Cox analysis showed that patients at age group 5-9 years had the lowest risk of mortality(hazard ratio[HR],0.277;95%confidential interval[CI],0.123-0.620),compared with patients diagnosed at less than 1-year-old,and age group 1-4 years had the second-best prognosis.Patients having distant tumors had significantly higher mortality risk(HR,4.842;95%CI,2.804-8.362)than the patients with localized tumor.Compared with receiving no surgery or radiotherapy,receiving any combination of surgery and radiotherapy would lower the risk of mortality significantly(for surgery without radiotherapy:HR,0.418;for radiotherapy without surgery:HR,0.405;and for surgery plus radiotherapy:HR,0.410).Interpretation:Age,stage at diagnosis,and treatment received were found to be the most important predictors of the overall survival of pediatric embryonal RMS.展开更多
To the Editor:Incidence of type 1 diabetes(T1D)in young children has been increasing over time in China.[1]There are challenges in achieving metabolic control without leading to severe hypoglycemia or adverse effect o...To the Editor:Incidence of type 1 diabetes(T1D)in young children has been increasing over time in China.[1]There are challenges in achieving metabolic control without leading to severe hypoglycemia or adverse effect on the quality of life in toddlers,as they showed marked sensitivity to insulin and higher variability in insulin requirements.展开更多
Importance:Morbidity and mortality of children are important indicators of the performance of the public health system in any country.In China,the children's disease spectrum has gradually changed in recent years....Importance:Morbidity and mortality of children are important indicators of the performance of the public health system in any country.In China,the children's disease spectrum has gradually changed in recent years.However,the gender-and age-specific disease spectrum for hospitalized children under 15 years old is still unclear.Objective:To explore the gender-and age-based distribution of diseases in hospitalized children under 15 years in China.Methods:Medical records home page data for 2016 to 2018 were collected from 18 tertiary children's hospitals in China.The gender-and age-specific disease spectrum was analyzed,using the tenth revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems(ICD-10).Results:The most common diseases were those of the respiratory system(25.7%of all 2232142 hospitalized children).The top three diseases for boys were diseases of the respiratory system(25.6%),diseases of the digestive system(11.4%)and certain conditions originating in the perinatal period(8.6%).The top three diseases for girls were diseases of the respiratory system(25.9%),certain conditions originating in the perinatal period(10.1%),and factors influencing health status and contact with health services(9.4%).The most common diseases for children under 1 year old were certain conditions originating in the perinatal period(38.1%).For all other age groups,the most common conditions were respiratory diseases(33.8%for those aged 1–3 years,25.2%for those aged 4–6 years,and 12.2%for those aged 7–14 years).Interpretation:This study analyzed the medical records home pages of 18 children's hospitals to provide the first overview of the disease spectrum and its gender-and age-specific distribution among children in China.展开更多
What is already known on this topic?The incidence of diabetes is on the rise in the world,and it is increasingly affecting young people.The American Diabetes Association(ADA)has published the 2020 Diabetes Medical Sta...What is already known on this topic?The incidence of diabetes is on the rise in the world,and it is increasingly affecting young people.The American Diabetes Association(ADA)has published the 2020 Diabetes Medical Standard,but there is no blood glucose standard for teenagers by age and sex.What is added by this report?In this study,quantile regression was used to analyze the data of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)and found that blood glucose varied significantly based on demographics.What are the implications for public health practice?This study provides reference for formulating the normal ranges of adolescent blood glucose and helping to screen out high-risk groups at an early stage for key interventions.The quantile regression method can give a set of curves,which could better describe the situation.展开更多
基金supported by 2020 Beijing Natural Science Foundation-Haidian Original Innovation Joint Fund Key research topicThe research of varicella disease burden and economic evaluation of vaccination [L202008]+2 种基金Beihang University & Capital Medical University Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Plan [BHME-201801]Study on the current situation, change trend, nutrition and related factors of diabetes in children and adolescents,National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC1305201]Study on the influencing factors of herpes zoster, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention surplus project [59911917]。
文摘Objective To examine increases in average height among Chinese children and adolescents.Methods The data were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey conducted during the period 1989–2015. A stratified multistage cluster sampling method was utilized to select participants aged 2–22 years in each province. Linear regression was used to examine the effects of age, birth cohort, and survey period on height.Results A total of 15,227 males and 13,737 females were included in the final analysis. Age(A) showed a continuous effect on height. The average heights of the investigated groups increased continuously during the investigation period. By 2015, the average height of the overall group increased by 7.87 cm compared to the average height during the 1989 survey. Moreover, birth year(cohort, C) also had a stable effect on height. Using the height of individuals born in or before 1975 as a reference, the average height of each birth cohort increased in comparison to the previous birth cohort.Conclusions The height of Chinese children and adolescents was affected by age, period, and cohort effects, and this effect is governed by certain rules. The age-period-cohort model can be used to analyze the trends of children’s and adolescent’s heights. The findings provide a scientific basis for the formulation of children’s and adolescents’ growth and development policies in China.
基金Beihang University&Capital Medical University Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Plan(BHME-201801)。
文摘Importance:As the most common subtype of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS),the prognosis of embryonal RMS has rarely been investigated solely.Objective:To perform a population-based study to characterize the prognosis of embryonal RMS in children and adolescents.Methods:Demographic and clinical features were retrospectively evaluated in selected patients with embryonal RMS registered in the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)program from 1988 to 2016.Survival curves were compared using the log-rank test.A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was developed to assess the impact of each factor on the overall survival.A nomogram was constructed based on the results of Cox regression model.Results:A total of 464 patients were included in the analysis,among which 64.6%were male and 70.2%were white patients.About 38.6%and 26.3%of the patients were at 1-4 years and 5-9 years,respectively.Cox analysis showed that patients at age group 5-9 years had the lowest risk of mortality(hazard ratio[HR],0.277;95%confidential interval[CI],0.123-0.620),compared with patients diagnosed at less than 1-year-old,and age group 1-4 years had the second-best prognosis.Patients having distant tumors had significantly higher mortality risk(HR,4.842;95%CI,2.804-8.362)than the patients with localized tumor.Compared with receiving no surgery or radiotherapy,receiving any combination of surgery and radiotherapy would lower the risk of mortality significantly(for surgery without radiotherapy:HR,0.418;for radiotherapy without surgery:HR,0.405;and for surgery plus radiotherapy:HR,0.410).Interpretation:Age,stage at diagnosis,and treatment received were found to be the most important predictors of the overall survival of pediatric embryonal RMS.
基金Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission(No.Z201100005520061)
文摘To the Editor:Incidence of type 1 diabetes(T1D)in young children has been increasing over time in China.[1]There are challenges in achieving metabolic control without leading to severe hypoglycemia or adverse effect on the quality of life in toddlers,as they showed marked sensitivity to insulin and higher variability in insulin requirements.
基金Beihang University&Capital Medical University Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Plan(BHME-201801)
文摘Importance:Morbidity and mortality of children are important indicators of the performance of the public health system in any country.In China,the children's disease spectrum has gradually changed in recent years.However,the gender-and age-specific disease spectrum for hospitalized children under 15 years old is still unclear.Objective:To explore the gender-and age-based distribution of diseases in hospitalized children under 15 years in China.Methods:Medical records home page data for 2016 to 2018 were collected from 18 tertiary children's hospitals in China.The gender-and age-specific disease spectrum was analyzed,using the tenth revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems(ICD-10).Results:The most common diseases were those of the respiratory system(25.7%of all 2232142 hospitalized children).The top three diseases for boys were diseases of the respiratory system(25.6%),diseases of the digestive system(11.4%)and certain conditions originating in the perinatal period(8.6%).The top three diseases for girls were diseases of the respiratory system(25.9%),certain conditions originating in the perinatal period(10.1%),and factors influencing health status and contact with health services(9.4%).The most common diseases for children under 1 year old were certain conditions originating in the perinatal period(38.1%).For all other age groups,the most common conditions were respiratory diseases(33.8%for those aged 1–3 years,25.2%for those aged 4–6 years,and 12.2%for those aged 7–14 years).Interpretation:This study analyzed the medical records home pages of 18 children's hospitals to provide the first overview of the disease spectrum and its gender-and age-specific distribution among children in China.
基金Study on the current situation,change trend,nutrition and related factors of diabetes in children and adolescents,National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFC1305201)Beihang University&Capital Medical University Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Plan(BHME-201801)Study on the influencing factors of herpes zoster,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention surplus project(59911917).
文摘What is already known on this topic?The incidence of diabetes is on the rise in the world,and it is increasingly affecting young people.The American Diabetes Association(ADA)has published the 2020 Diabetes Medical Standard,but there is no blood glucose standard for teenagers by age and sex.What is added by this report?In this study,quantile regression was used to analyze the data of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)and found that blood glucose varied significantly based on demographics.What are the implications for public health practice?This study provides reference for formulating the normal ranges of adolescent blood glucose and helping to screen out high-risk groups at an early stage for key interventions.The quantile regression method can give a set of curves,which could better describe the situation.
