State of research： characteristics, function, and dating of Roman brass tokens Tokens （tesserae） formed part of everyday material culture of both Greeks and Romans.1 Made of wood, bone, clay, or metal, they facilit...State of research： characteristics, function, and dating of Roman brass tokens Tokens （tesserae） formed part of everyday material culture of both Greeks and Romans.1 Made of wood, bone, clay, or metal, they facilitated, for example, entry into the theatre, identification of soldiers, participation in political meetings, or the receipt of a special amount of grain.2展开更多
This article presents the results of a series of ethnographic observations at the Berlin fire brigade control and dispatch center during routine and severe weather situations.The weather-related challenges of a fire b...This article presents the results of a series of ethnographic observations at the Berlin fire brigade control and dispatch center during routine and severe weather situations.The weather-related challenges of a fire brigade lie between the anticipation of events and their potential consequences,and the ad hoc reactions to actual impacts of weather.The results show that decisions and actions related to high impact weather are not necessarily motivated by weather warnings alone.Instead,they are reactions to the experience of impacts,for example,an increased number of missions or emergency calls.Impacts are the main trigger for the decision making.Weather is one additional external factor that influences the operational capability of a fire brigade.While commanding officers in a fire brigade control and dispatch center experience weather primarily through technical equipment,verified by ground truth,observations showed that direct personal contact with the regional weather service and colleagues on the ground takes on a greater role in actual severe weather situations.The observations point to the need for increased interagency communication between the emergency services,the weather service,and other organizations to integrate weather information,impacts,and non-weather-related tasks into coherent weather-related decision making.展开更多
Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a pleiotropic lipid agonist essential for functions of the central nervous system(CNS).It is abundant in the developing and adult brain while its concentration in biological fluids,includi...Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a pleiotropic lipid agonist essential for functions of the central nervous system(CNS).It is abundant in the developing and adult brain while its concentration in biological fluids,including cerebrospinal fluid,varies significantly(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014).LPA actually corresponds to a variety of lipid species that include different stereoisomers with either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids bearing likely differentiated biological activities(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014;Hernández-Araiza et al.,2018).展开更多
开展生态脆弱区农户环境经济代谢研究对于乡村精准治理和区域可持续发展具有重要意义。作为我国典型生态脆弱区和北方重要生态安全屏障的辽西北地区,其生态环境质量改善与农牧民生计提升对东北地区乡村振兴至关重要。本文以辽西北地区...开展生态脆弱区农户环境经济代谢研究对于乡村精准治理和区域可持续发展具有重要意义。作为我国典型生态脆弱区和北方重要生态安全屏障的辽西北地区,其生态环境质量改善与农牧民生计提升对东北地区乡村振兴至关重要。本文以辽西北地区风沙危害最严重的彰武县北部7个乡镇为研究区,采用问卷调研与半结构式访谈等方法,基于家庭尺度环境经济代谢框架,对该地区以碳排放和水资源消耗为核心表征的典型农户家庭环境经济代谢活动进行研究。结果表明:辽西北北部地区乡村户均水资源消耗量和用水强度分别为14105 m^(3)和0.14 m^(3)·元^(-1),户均碳排放量和碳强度分别为36.72 t CO_(2)·a^(-1)和0.31 kg CO_(2)·元^(-1),人均碳排放量达9.90 t CO_(2)·a^(-1);以种植、养殖和种养结合为主的家庭水资源消耗量、碳排放量及其强度均存在较大差异,其中,种植主导型家庭水资源消耗量和用水强度均最高,养殖主导型家庭碳排放量最高,而种养结合型碳排放强度最大,但三种类型家庭环境经济代谢特征均表现为“高耗水高碳排”;家庭生计模式不同是造成环境经济代谢水平存在差异的主要原因,其中,养殖主导型家庭单位收入环境经济代谢效率相对较佳。未来应采取更加切实可行的策略加快引导辽西北地区乡村向低碳、绿色、循环的可持续发展模式进行转型,以实现乡村振兴。展开更多
文摘State of research： characteristics, function, and dating of Roman brass tokens Tokens （tesserae） formed part of everyday material culture of both Greeks and Romans.1 Made of wood, bone, clay, or metal, they facilitated, for example, entry into the theatre, identification of soldiers, participation in political meetings, or the receipt of a special amount of grain.2
基金This research network of universities,research institutes,and the Deutscher Wetterdienst is funded by the BMVI(Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure).
文摘This article presents the results of a series of ethnographic observations at the Berlin fire brigade control and dispatch center during routine and severe weather situations.The weather-related challenges of a fire brigade lie between the anticipation of events and their potential consequences,and the ad hoc reactions to actual impacts of weather.The results show that decisions and actions related to high impact weather are not necessarily motivated by weather warnings alone.Instead,they are reactions to the experience of impacts,for example,an increased number of missions or emergency calls.Impacts are the main trigger for the decision making.Weather is one additional external factor that influences the operational capability of a fire brigade.While commanding officers in a fire brigade control and dispatch center experience weather primarily through technical equipment,verified by ground truth,observations showed that direct personal contact with the regional weather service and colleagues on the ground takes on a greater role in actual severe weather situations.The observations point to the need for increased interagency communication between the emergency services,the weather service,and other organizations to integrate weather information,impacts,and non-weather-related tasks into coherent weather-related decision making.
基金supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation,HFRI,“2nd Call for HFRI Research Projects to support Faculty Members&Researchers”Project 02667 to GL.
文摘Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a pleiotropic lipid agonist essential for functions of the central nervous system(CNS).It is abundant in the developing and adult brain while its concentration in biological fluids,including cerebrospinal fluid,varies significantly(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014).LPA actually corresponds to a variety of lipid species that include different stereoisomers with either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids bearing likely differentiated biological activities(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014;Hernández-Araiza et al.,2018).
文摘开展生态脆弱区农户环境经济代谢研究对于乡村精准治理和区域可持续发展具有重要意义。作为我国典型生态脆弱区和北方重要生态安全屏障的辽西北地区,其生态环境质量改善与农牧民生计提升对东北地区乡村振兴至关重要。本文以辽西北地区风沙危害最严重的彰武县北部7个乡镇为研究区,采用问卷调研与半结构式访谈等方法,基于家庭尺度环境经济代谢框架,对该地区以碳排放和水资源消耗为核心表征的典型农户家庭环境经济代谢活动进行研究。结果表明:辽西北北部地区乡村户均水资源消耗量和用水强度分别为14105 m^(3)和0.14 m^(3)·元^(-1),户均碳排放量和碳强度分别为36.72 t CO_(2)·a^(-1)和0.31 kg CO_(2)·元^(-1),人均碳排放量达9.90 t CO_(2)·a^(-1);以种植、养殖和种养结合为主的家庭水资源消耗量、碳排放量及其强度均存在较大差异,其中,种植主导型家庭水资源消耗量和用水强度均最高,养殖主导型家庭碳排放量最高,而种养结合型碳排放强度最大,但三种类型家庭环境经济代谢特征均表现为“高耗水高碳排”;家庭生计模式不同是造成环境经济代谢水平存在差异的主要原因,其中,养殖主导型家庭单位收入环境经济代谢效率相对较佳。未来应采取更加切实可行的策略加快引导辽西北地区乡村向低碳、绿色、循环的可持续发展模式进行转型,以实现乡村振兴。
