N umerous neurological disorders negatively impact the nervous system,either through loss of neurons or by disrupting the normal functioning of neural networks.These impairments manifest as cognitive defects,memory lo...N umerous neurological disorders negatively impact the nervous system,either through loss of neurons or by disrupting the normal functioning of neural networks.These impairments manifest as cognitive defects,memory loss,behavioral abnormalities,and motor dysfunctions.Decades of research have significantly advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology underlying neurodegene rative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and others.展开更多
Background:The prevalence,age of onset,and symptomatology of traumatic brain injury,stroke,and neurodegenerative diseases(such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Hunting...Background:The prevalence,age of onset,and symptomatology of traumatic brain injury,stroke,and neurodegenerative diseases(such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease)differ substantially between males and females.The higher prevalence of these brain disorders has been attributed to females having a greater longevity compared with males.Since one of the greatest risk factors of acquired brain injury(such as stroke,traumatic brain injury caused by fall)and neurodegenerative disease is age.展开更多
W-type barium-nickel ferrite(BaNi_(2)Fe_(16)O_(27))is a highly promising material for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption be-cause of its magnetic loss capability for EMW,low cost,large-scale production potential,high...W-type barium-nickel ferrite(BaNi_(2)Fe_(16)O_(27))is a highly promising material for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption be-cause of its magnetic loss capability for EMW,low cost,large-scale production potential,high-temperature resistance,and excellent chemical stability.However,the poor dielectric loss of magnetic ferrites hampers their utilization,hindering enhancement in their EMW-absorption performance.Developing efficient strategies that improve the EMW-absorption performance of ferrite is highly desired but re-mains challenging.Here,an efficient strategy substituting Ba^(2+)with rare earth La^(3+)in W-type ferrite was proposed for the preparation of novel La-substituted ferrites(Ba_(1-x)LaxNi_(2)Fe_(15.4)O_(27)).The influences of La^(3+)substitution on ferrites’EMW-absorption performance and the dissipative mechanism toward EMW were systematically explored and discussed.La^(3+)efficiently induced lattice defects,enhanced defect-induced polarization,and slightly reduced the ferrites’bandgap,enhancing the dielectric properties of the ferrites.La^(3+)also enhanced the ferromagnetic resonance loss and strengthened magnetic properties.These effects considerably improved the EMW-absorption perform-ance of Ba_(1-x)LaxNi_(2)Fe_(15.4)O_(27)compared with pure W-type ferrites.When x=0.2,the best EMW-absorption performance was achieved with a minimum reflection loss of-55.6 dB and effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 3.44 GHz.展开更多
It is increasingly recognized that young,chow-fed inbred mice poorly model the com-plexity of human carcinogenesis.In humans,age and adiposity are major risk factors for malignancies,but most genetically engineered mo...It is increasingly recognized that young,chow-fed inbred mice poorly model the com-plexity of human carcinogenesis.In humans,age and adiposity are major risk factors for malignancies,but most genetically engineered mouse models(GEMM)induce car-cinogenesis too rapidly to study these influences.Standard strains,such as C57BL/6,commonly used in GEMMs,further limit the exploration of aging and metabolic health effects.A similar challenge arises in modeling periodontitis,a disease influenced by aging,diabesity,and genetic architecture.We propose using diverse mouse popula-tions with hybrid vigor,such as the Collaborative Cross(CC)×Apc ^(Min) hybrid,to slow disease progression and better model human colorectal cancer(CRC)and comorbidi-ties.This perspective highlights the advantages of this model,where delayed car-cinogenesis reveals interactions with aging and adiposity.Unlike Apc ^(Min) mice,which develop cancer rapidly,CC×Apc ^(Min) hybrids recapitulate human-like progression.This facilitates the identification of modifier loci affecting inflammation,diet susceptibility,organ size,and polyposis distribution.The CC×Apc ^(Min) model offers a transformative platform for studying CRC as a disease of adulthood,reflecting its complex inter-play with aging and comorbidities.The insights gained from this approach will en-hance early detection,management,and treatment strategies for CRC and related conditions.展开更多
Background:There is growing evidence that an acute bout of exercise positively influences executive function(EF).However,the existing evidence primarily originates from laboratory-based studies,and only a limited numb...Background:There is growing evidence that an acute bout of exercise positively influences executive function(EF).However,the existing evidence primarily originates from laboratory-based studies,and only a limited number of studies have extended this work to real-world classroom settings.Accordingly,in the present study,we aimed to employ a real classroom setting to determine whether acute exercise-induced effects on EF emerged.Methods:All 49 students who enrolled in a real-world course agreed to participate in the experimental protocol and the final sample was composed of 43 individuals(13 male and 30 female participants).Participants were asked to perform an acute bout of exercise(i.e,10 min at moderate intensity)before a real classroom,and on a separate day,complete a non-exercise control condition.EF was assessed via Naming,Inhibition,and Switching variants of the Stroop task.We used a paired-samples t-test to compare participants’cognitive load between two conditions and a repeated-measures ANOVA to investigate changes in RPE.What’s more,a repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine potential pre-to post-class changes in EF-related parameters(e.g.,inverse efficiency scores,reaction times,and error rates).Results:A pre-to post-class benefit in performance efficiency across all Stroop task variants was shown.In both exercise and control conditions,there was a significant main effect of time,with lower inverse efficiency scores(IES)(p=0.003)and shorter reaction times(RT)(p<0.001)observed from pre-to post-class.Moreover,performance gains varied by Stroop task-type,with the Switching task showing the longest RTs and largest IES,reflecting its greater cognitive demands.Importantly,a marginally significant three-way interaction among task-type,intervention,and time(p=0.052)indicated that the exercise intervention enhanced post-class performance on the Switching task.Post-hoc analyses revealed significantly lower IES and faster RTs at post-class for both the Naming and Switching tasks,particularly in the exercise group(e.g.,Switching IES:p<0.001;Switching RT:p<0.001).Conclusions:These findings suggest that pre-class acute exercise enhances EF and provides a benefit to cognitive flexibility.Accordingly,our results extend previous knowledge by indicating that the cognitive benefits of acute exercise observed primarily in laboratory settings can be translated to real-world educational contexts.展开更多
基金supported by the National Institute on Aging(Nos.AG000723 and AG000578)(to VAB)the Fondation Sante(No.19656),Greece 2.0+1 种基金the National Recovery and Resilience Plan’s flagship program TAEDR-0535850the European Research Council(No.101077374-Synapto Mitophagy)(to KP)。
文摘N umerous neurological disorders negatively impact the nervous system,either through loss of neurons or by disrupting the normal functioning of neural networks.These impairments manifest as cognitive defects,memory loss,behavioral abnormalities,and motor dysfunctions.Decades of research have significantly advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology underlying neurodegene rative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and others.
基金supported by NIH/NICHD RO1HD109157supported by his American Heart AssociationAward Career Development Award (932980)National Science Foundation CAREER award (NSF2401215)
文摘Background:The prevalence,age of onset,and symptomatology of traumatic brain injury,stroke,and neurodegenerative diseases(such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and Huntington’s disease)differ substantially between males and females.The higher prevalence of these brain disorders has been attributed to females having a greater longevity compared with males.Since one of the greatest risk factors of acquired brain injury(such as stroke,traumatic brain injury caused by fall)and neurodegenerative disease is age.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB3502500)the Natur-al Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.2022HYYQ-014)+5 种基金the“20 Clauses about Colleges and Uni-versities(new)”(Independent Training of Innovation Team)Program of Jinan,China(No.2021GXRC036)the Provin-cial Key Research and Development Program of Shandong,China(No.2021ZLGX01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22375115)the Joint Laboratory project of Electromagnetic Structure Technology(No.637-2022-70-F-037)the Discipline Construction Expenditure for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong University,China(No.31370089963141)the Qilu Young Scholar Program of Shandong University,China(No.31370082163127).
文摘W-type barium-nickel ferrite(BaNi_(2)Fe_(16)O_(27))is a highly promising material for electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorption be-cause of its magnetic loss capability for EMW,low cost,large-scale production potential,high-temperature resistance,and excellent chemical stability.However,the poor dielectric loss of magnetic ferrites hampers their utilization,hindering enhancement in their EMW-absorption performance.Developing efficient strategies that improve the EMW-absorption performance of ferrite is highly desired but re-mains challenging.Here,an efficient strategy substituting Ba^(2+)with rare earth La^(3+)in W-type ferrite was proposed for the preparation of novel La-substituted ferrites(Ba_(1-x)LaxNi_(2)Fe_(15.4)O_(27)).The influences of La^(3+)substitution on ferrites’EMW-absorption performance and the dissipative mechanism toward EMW were systematically explored and discussed.La^(3+)efficiently induced lattice defects,enhanced defect-induced polarization,and slightly reduced the ferrites’bandgap,enhancing the dielectric properties of the ferrites.La^(3+)also enhanced the ferromagnetic resonance loss and strengthened magnetic properties.These effects considerably improved the EMW-absorption perform-ance of Ba_(1-x)LaxNi_(2)Fe_(15.4)O_(27)compared with pure W-type ferrites.When x=0.2,the best EMW-absorption performance was achieved with a minimum reflection loss of-55.6 dB and effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 3.44 GHz.
基金Israel Cancer Research FoundationSamuel Waxman Cancer Research FoundationCore funding from Tel Aviv University。
文摘It is increasingly recognized that young,chow-fed inbred mice poorly model the com-plexity of human carcinogenesis.In humans,age and adiposity are major risk factors for malignancies,but most genetically engineered mouse models(GEMM)induce car-cinogenesis too rapidly to study these influences.Standard strains,such as C57BL/6,commonly used in GEMMs,further limit the exploration of aging and metabolic health effects.A similar challenge arises in modeling periodontitis,a disease influenced by aging,diabesity,and genetic architecture.We propose using diverse mouse popula-tions with hybrid vigor,such as the Collaborative Cross(CC)×Apc ^(Min) hybrid,to slow disease progression and better model human colorectal cancer(CRC)and comorbidi-ties.This perspective highlights the advantages of this model,where delayed car-cinogenesis reveals interactions with aging and adiposity.Unlike Apc ^(Min) mice,which develop cancer rapidly,CC×Apc ^(Min) hybrids recapitulate human-like progression.This facilitates the identification of modifier loci affecting inflammation,diet susceptibility,organ size,and polyposis distribution.The CC×Apc ^(Min) model offers a transformative platform for studying CRC as a disease of adulthood,reflecting its complex inter-play with aging and comorbidities.The insights gained from this approach will en-hance early detection,management,and treatment strategies for CRC and related conditions.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Educational Research Funding(grant number zdzb2014)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(grant number 202307313000096)+3 种基金Social Science Foundation from China’s Ministry of Education(grant number 23YJA880093)Post-doctoral Fellowship(grant number 2022M711174)National Center for Mental Health(grant number Z014)Research Excellence Scholarships of Shenzhen University(grant number ZYZD2305).
文摘Background:There is growing evidence that an acute bout of exercise positively influences executive function(EF).However,the existing evidence primarily originates from laboratory-based studies,and only a limited number of studies have extended this work to real-world classroom settings.Accordingly,in the present study,we aimed to employ a real classroom setting to determine whether acute exercise-induced effects on EF emerged.Methods:All 49 students who enrolled in a real-world course agreed to participate in the experimental protocol and the final sample was composed of 43 individuals(13 male and 30 female participants).Participants were asked to perform an acute bout of exercise(i.e,10 min at moderate intensity)before a real classroom,and on a separate day,complete a non-exercise control condition.EF was assessed via Naming,Inhibition,and Switching variants of the Stroop task.We used a paired-samples t-test to compare participants’cognitive load between two conditions and a repeated-measures ANOVA to investigate changes in RPE.What’s more,a repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine potential pre-to post-class changes in EF-related parameters(e.g.,inverse efficiency scores,reaction times,and error rates).Results:A pre-to post-class benefit in performance efficiency across all Stroop task variants was shown.In both exercise and control conditions,there was a significant main effect of time,with lower inverse efficiency scores(IES)(p=0.003)and shorter reaction times(RT)(p<0.001)observed from pre-to post-class.Moreover,performance gains varied by Stroop task-type,with the Switching task showing the longest RTs and largest IES,reflecting its greater cognitive demands.Importantly,a marginally significant three-way interaction among task-type,intervention,and time(p=0.052)indicated that the exercise intervention enhanced post-class performance on the Switching task.Post-hoc analyses revealed significantly lower IES and faster RTs at post-class for both the Naming and Switching tasks,particularly in the exercise group(e.g.,Switching IES:p<0.001;Switching RT:p<0.001).Conclusions:These findings suggest that pre-class acute exercise enhances EF and provides a benefit to cognitive flexibility.Accordingly,our results extend previous knowledge by indicating that the cognitive benefits of acute exercise observed primarily in laboratory settings can be translated to real-world educational contexts.
