Remembrance activities can support the Culture of Care(CoC)in Laboratory Animal Science(LAS)not only by promoting a culture of respect,gratitude and thankfulness for animal life but also by helping the emotional proce...Remembrance activities can support the Culture of Care(CoC)in Laboratory Animal Science(LAS)not only by promoting a culture of respect,gratitude and thankfulness for animal life but also by helping the emotional processing and healing of lab animal researchers and animal facility staff.Even though remembrance activities are practiced in many parts of the world,we did not come across any reported cases in Sri Lanka before 2022.Therefore,here,we report on the various remembrance activities and practices observed within our local scientific community.展开更多
We study the split common solution problem with multiple output sets for monotone operator equations in Hilbert spaces.To solve this problem,we propose two new parallel algorithms.We establish a weak convergence theor...We study the split common solution problem with multiple output sets for monotone operator equations in Hilbert spaces.To solve this problem,we propose two new parallel algorithms.We establish a weak convergence theorem for the first and a strong convergence theorem for the second.展开更多
This article presents a detailed theoretical hybrid analysis of the magnetism and the thermal radiative heat transfer in the presence of heat generation affecting the behavior of the dispersed gold nanoparticles(AuNPs...This article presents a detailed theoretical hybrid analysis of the magnetism and the thermal radiative heat transfer in the presence of heat generation affecting the behavior of the dispersed gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)through the blood vessels of the human body.The rheology of gold-blood nanofluid is treated as magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow with ferromagnetic properties.The AuNPs take different shapes as bricks,cylinders,and platelets which are considered in changing the nanofluid flow behavior.Physiologically,the blood is circulated under the kinetics of the peristaltic action.The mixed properties of the slip flow,the gravity,the space porosity,the transverse ferromagnetic field,the thermal radiation,the nanoparticles shape factors,the peristaltic amplitude ratio,and the concentration of the AuNPs are interacted and analyzed for the gold-blood circulation in the inclined tube.The appropriate model for the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid is chosen to be the effective Hamilton-Crosser model.The undertaken nanofluid can be treated as incompressible non-Newtonian ferromagnetic fluid.The solutions of the partial differential governing equations of the MHD nanofluid flow are executed by the strategy of perturbation approach under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number.Graphs for the streamwise velocity distributions,temperature distributions,pressure gradients,pressure drops,and streamlines are presented under the influences of the pertinent properties.The practical implementation of this research finds application in treating cancer through a technique known as photothermal therapy(PTT).The results indicate the control role of the magnetism,the heat generation,the shape factors of the AuNPs,and its concentration on the enhancement of the thermal properties and the streamwise velocity of the nanofluid.The results reveal a marked enhancement in the temperature profiles of the nanofluid,prominently influenced by both the intensified heat source and the heightened volume fractions of the nanoparticles.Furthermore,the platelet shape is regarded as most advantageous for heat conduction owing to its highest effective thermal conductivity.AuNPs proved strong efficiency in delivering and targeting the drug to reach the affected area with tumors.These results offer valuable insights into evaluating the effectiveness of PTT in addressing diverse cancer conditions and regulating their progression.展开更多
BACKGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ trans...BACKGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ transplantation.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant recipients.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using a search methodology consistent with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.This review included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of antimicrobial agents(prophylactic or therapeutic)aimed at preventing antimicrobial resistance.The search strategy involved analyzing multiple databases,including PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science,Embase,Scopus,and SciELO,as well as examining gray literature sources on Google Scholar.A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted from the databases’inception until May 2024,with no language restrictions.RESULTS After the final phase of the eligibility assessment,this systematic review ultimate-ly included 7 articles.A total of 2318 patients were studied.The most studied microorganisms were cytomegalovirus,although vancomycinresistant enterococci,Clostridioides difficile,and multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales were also analyzed.The antimicrobials used in the interventions were mainly maribavir,valganciclovir,gancic-lovir,and colistin-neomycin.Of concern,all clinical trials showed significant proportions of resistant microorga-nisms after the interventions,with no statistically significant differences between the groups(mean resistance 13.47%vs 14.39%),except for two studies that demonstrated greater efficacy of maribavir and valganciclovir(mean resistance 22.2%vs 41.1%in the control group;P<0.05).The total reported deaths in three clinical trials were 75,and there were 24 graft rejections in two studies.CONCLUSION All clinical trials reported significant proportions of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms following interventions.More high-quality randomized clinical trials are needed to corroborate these results.展开更多
Acidic environments enhance CO_(2) utilization during CO_(2) electrolysis via a buffering effect that converts carbonates formed at the electrode surface back into CO_(2).Nevertheless,further investigation into acidic...Acidic environments enhance CO_(2) utilization during CO_(2) electrolysis via a buffering effect that converts carbonates formed at the electrode surface back into CO_(2).Nevertheless,further investigation into acidic CO_(2) electrolysis is required to improve its selectivity towards certain CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)products,such as multicarbon(C2+)species,while enhancing its overall stability.In this study,liquid product recirculation in the catholyte and local OH−accumulation were identified as primary factors contributing to the degradation of gas diffusion electrodes mounted in closed‐loop catholyte configurations.We demonstrate that a single‐pass catholyte configuration prevents liquid product recirculation and maintains a continuous flow of acidic‐pH catholyte throughout the reaction while using the same volume as a closed‐loop setup.This approach improves electrode durability and maintains a Faradaic efficiency of 67%for multicarbon products over 4 h of CO_(2) electrolysis at−600 mA cm^(-2).展开更多
BACKGROUND Rectal foreign bodies,though uncommon,present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges,particularly when they result from accidental ingestion.The non-specific symptoms and the potential for serious complicati...BACKGROUND Rectal foreign bodies,though uncommon,present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges,particularly when they result from accidental ingestion.The non-specific symptoms and the potential for serious complications necessitate a thorough and methodical approach to diagnosis and treatment.This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic complexities and management strategies involved in treating a patient with a rectal foreign body,focusing on the use of advanced imaging techniques and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male with a history of hypertension presented with a one-year history of post-defecation anorectal pain and mild post-defecation rectorrhagia.Initial evaluation revealed hemodynamic stability and a tender,non-mucosal lesion in the anterior left rectal region.Imaging studies,including colonoscopy,magnetic resonance imaging,and endosonography,identified an erythematous,exophytic lesion and a perirectal abscess containing a foreign body.Surgical inter-vention revealed necrotic tissue and purulent material,along with two solid foreign body fragments(bone or plant matter).Postoperative follow-up showed the patient in good condition,and pathology confirmed the fragments as mature bone.CONCLUSION This case underscores the diagnostic challenges posed by rectal foreign bodies with nonspecific symptoms and no clear history of ingestion.展开更多
Background:The root of Desmodium gangeticum,a key component of“Dashamoola,”is a significant Ayurveda remedy for inflammatory conditions.Due to the less availability of D.gangeticum in Sri Lanka,indigenous physicians...Background:The root of Desmodium gangeticum,a key component of“Dashamoola,”is a significant Ayurveda remedy for inflammatory conditions.Due to the less availability of D.gangeticum in Sri Lanka,indigenous physicians often substitute Alysicarpus vaginalis root without scientific validation.Further,no comparative study has been conducted on the whole plants of these species.This research is focused on comparing the aqueous extracts of roots and whole plants of A.vaginalis and D.gangeticum for anti-inflammatory activity,acute toxicity,and to quantify major phytochemicals.Methods:Freeze-dried aqueous extracts were prepared and assessed for anti-inflammatory potency using the egg albumin denaturation assay,heat-induced red blood cell membrane stabilization assay,and nitric oxide assay.Acute toxicity was evaluated using the zebrafish embryo assay,and major phytochemicals,were quantitatively screened.Results:In egg albumin denaturation assay,D.gangeticum whole plant(IC_(50)107.89±0.71μg/mL)and root(IC_(50)210.37±0.39μg/mL)exhibited superior anti-inflammatory potency compared to diclofenac sodium(IC_(50)826.04±0.27μg/mL)and A.vaginalis(whole plant IC_(50)1,336μg/mL,root IC_(50)3,162.28μg/mL).In red blood cell membrane stabilization assay,D.gangeticum(whole plant IC_(50)47.86±0.52μg/mL,root IC_(50)331.13±0.83μg/mL)showed the highest activity.Quercetin(IC_(50)285.01μg/mL)was the most potent,with D.gangeticum(IC_(50)2,080.03μg/mL)and A.vaginalis(IC_(50)7,183.87μg/mL)showing weaker inhibition in the nitric oxide assay.Regarding toxicity,lower toxicity showed for D.gangeticum(LC502,570.39μg/mL)compared to A.vaginalis(LC501,348.96μg/mL).In phytochemical analysis,phenols,flavonoids,tannins,alkaloids and saponins were quantified.Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between effects of all extracts and reference drugs(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comparative analysis revealed,D.gangeticum has higher anti-inflammatory activity and lower toxicity than A.vaginalis,suggesting its suitability over A.vaginalis in Sri Lankan practices.展开更多
Introduction: Vaccination faces several obstacles in the fight against COVID-19, yet it has been identified as one of the most effective means of preventing new epidemics of COVID-19. The aim was to contribute to impr...Introduction: Vaccination faces several obstacles in the fight against COVID-19, yet it has been identified as one of the most effective means of preventing new epidemics of COVID-19. The aim was to contribute to improving vaccination coverage against COVID-19 in the Kindu health zone. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study with an analytical focus, using a questionnaire that enabled us to carry out a survey from October 03 to 30, 2022. Our target study population was residents of the Kindu health zone. A total of 420 subjects participated in our study, including 42 per site. Results: The study revealed a low proportion of vaccinated subjects (38.3%) and a high proportion of non-vaccinated subjects (61.70%). Non-belief in the efficacy of vaccines (p = 0.001), infodemia (p = 0.001) and respect for ethnic norms (p = 0.001) were identified as perceived barriers to vaccination. Fear of being branded with the “666” beast badge (p = 0.004) as the perceived severity. Respondents’ perceptions of mass vaccination against COVID-19 are mixed, and their opinions and expectations of COVID-19 vaccination in the town of Kindu are divided. Conclusion: In order to increase the proportion of people vaccinated against COVID-19, it is suggested here to increase the population’s ability to detect false information through a well-structured communication and health education program.展开更多
This study rigorously examines the interplay between viscous dissipation,magnetic effects,and thermal radiation on the flow behavior of a non-Newtonian Carreau squeezed fluid passing by a sensor surface within a micro...This study rigorously examines the interplay between viscous dissipation,magnetic effects,and thermal radiation on the flow behavior of a non-Newtonian Carreau squeezed fluid passing by a sensor surface within a micro cantilever channel,aiming to deepen our understanding of heat transport processes in complex fluid dynamics scenarios.The primary objective is to elucidate how physical operational parameters influence both the velocity of fluid flow and its temperature distribution,utilizing a comprehensive numerical approach.Employing a combination of mathematical modeling techniques,including similarity transformation,this investigation transforms complex partial differential equations into more manageable ordinary ones,subsequently solving them using the homotopy perturbation method.By analyzing the obtained solutions and presenting them graphically,alongside detailed analysis,the study sheds light on the pivotal role of significant parameters in shaping fluid movement and energy distribution.Noteworthy observations reveal a substantial increase in fluid velocity with escalating magnetic parameters,while conversely,a contrasting trend emerges in the temperature distribution,highlighting the intricate relationship between magnetic effects,flow dynamics,and thermal behavior in non-Newtonian fluids.Further,the suction velocity enhance both the local skin friction and Nusselt numbers,whereas theWeissenberg number reduces them,opposite to the effect of the power-law index.展开更多
This study numerically investigates inclined magneto-hydrodynamic natural convection in a porous cavity filled with nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms.The governing equations are nondimensionalized and sol...This study numerically investigates inclined magneto-hydrodynamic natural convection in a porous cavity filled with nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms.The governing equations are nondimensionalized and solved using the finite volume method.The simulations examine the impact of key parameters such as heat source length and position,Peclet number,porosity,and heat generation/absorption on flow patterns,temperature distribution,concentration profiles,and microorganism rotation.Results indicate that extending the heat source length enhances convective currents and heat transfer efficiency,while optimizing the heat source position reduces entropy generation.Higher Peclet numbers amplify convective currents and microorganism distribution complexity.Variations in porosity and heat generation/absorption significantly influence flow dynamics.Additionally,the artificial neural network model reliably predicts the mean Nusselt and Sherwood numbers(Nu&Sh),demonstrating its effectiveness for such analyses.The simulation results reveal that increasing the heat source length significantly enhances heat transfer,as evidenced by a 15%increase in the mean Nusselt number.展开更多
This comprehensive research examines the dynamics of magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow and heat transfer within a couple stress fluid.The investigation specifically focuses on the fluid’s behavior over a vertical stretchi...This comprehensive research examines the dynamics of magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow and heat transfer within a couple stress fluid.The investigation specifically focuses on the fluid’s behavior over a vertical stretching sheet embedded within a porous medium,providing valuable insights into the complex interactions between fluid mechanics,thermal transport,and magnetic fields.This study accounts for the significant impact of heat generation and thermal radiation,crucial factors for enhancing heat transfer efficiency in various industrial and technological contexts.The research employs mathematical techniques to simplify complex partial differential equations(PDEs)governing fluid flow and heat transfer.Specifically,suitable similarity transformations are applied to convert the PDEs into a more manageable system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs).The homotopy perturbation method(HPM)is employed to derive approximate analytical solutions for the problem.The influences of key parameters,such as magnetic field strength,heat generation,thermal radiation,porosity,and couple stress,on velocity and temperature profiles are analyzed and discussed.Findings indicate that the mixed convection parameter positively affects flow velocity,while the magnetic field parameter significantly alters the flow dynamics,exhibiting an inverse relationship.Further,this type of flow behavior model is relevant to real-world systems like cooling of nuclear reactors and oil extraction through porous formations,where magnetic and thermal effects are significant.展开更多
Stability of borohydrides is determined by the localization of the negative charge on the boron atom.Ionic liquids(ILs) allow to modify the stability of the borohydrides and promote new dehydrogenation pathways with a...Stability of borohydrides is determined by the localization of the negative charge on the boron atom.Ionic liquids(ILs) allow to modify the stability of the borohydrides and promote new dehydrogenation pathways with a lower activation energy. The combination of borohydride and IL is very easy to realize and no expensive rare earth metals are required. The composite of the ILs with complex hydrides decreases the enthalpy and activation energy for the hydrogen desorption. The Coulomb interaction between borohydride and IL leads to a destabilization of the materials with a significantly lower enthalpy for hydrogen desorption. Here, we report a simple ion exchange reaction using various ILs, such as vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride([VBTMA][Cl]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([bmim][Cl]), and 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide([EMPY][Br]) with NaBH4 to decrease the hydrogen desorption temperature. Dehydrogenation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium borohydride([bmim][BH4]) starts below 100℃. The quantity of desorbed hydrogen ranges between 2.4 wt% and 2.9 wt%, which is close to the theoretical content of hydrogen. The improvement in dehydrogenation is due to the strong amine cation that destabilizes borohydride by charge transfer.展开更多
The effect of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on steady magnetohydrodynamic（MHD） heat and mass transfer flow of viscous and incompressible fluid near a stagnation point towards a permeable stretching she...The effect of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on steady magnetohydrodynamic（MHD） heat and mass transfer flow of viscous and incompressible fluid near a stagnation point towards a permeable stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium are presented,taking into account thermal radiation and internal heat genberation/absorbtion.The stretching velocity and the ambient fluid velocity are assumed to vary linearly with the distance from the stagnation point.The Rosseland approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy equation.The governing fundamental equations are first transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using a scaling group of transformations and are solved numerically by using the fourth-order Rung-Kutta method with the shooting technique.A comparison with previously published work has been carried out and the results are found to be in good agreement.The results are analyzed for the effect of different physical parameters,such as the variable viscosity and thermal conductivity,the ratio of free stream velocity to stretching velocity,the magnetic field,the porosity,the radiation and suction/injection on the flow,and the heat and mass transfer characteristics.The results indicate that the inclusion of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity into the fluids of light and medium molecular weight is able to change the boundary-layer behavior for all values of the velocity ratio parameter λ except for λ = 1.In addition,the imposition of fluid suction increases both the rate of heat and mass transfer,whereas fluid injection shows the opposite effect.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： This study investigated the effects of allylpyrocatechol （APC）, the major component in ethanolic extract of Piper betle, on key oxidative stress resistance enzymes important for the survival of Staphyloc...OBJECTIVE： This study investigated the effects of allylpyrocatechol （APC）, the major component in ethanolic extract of Piper betle, on key oxidative stress resistance enzymes important for the survival of Staphylococcus aureus, a major pathogen in the human host. METHODS： Effects of APC on expressions of genes encoding catalase （katA）, superoxide dismutases （SODs）, including soda and sodM, and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase （ahpC） in S. aureus were quantitated by RT-qPCR in reference to gyrA and 16S rRNA. Corresponding activities of the enzymes were also investigated. The Livak analysis was performed for verification of gene-fold expression data. Effects of APC on intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） levels were determined using the nitroblue tetrazolium （NBT） reduction assay. RESULTS： APC-treated S. aureus cells had higher sodA and sodM transcripts at 1.5-fold and 0.7-fold expressions respectively with corresponding increase in total SOD activity of 12.24 U/mL compared to untreated cells, 10.85 U/mL （P〈0.05）. Expression of ahpC was highest in APC-treated cells with 5.5-fold increased expression compared to untreated cells （P〈0.05）. Correspondingly, ahpC activity was higher in APC-treated cells at 0.672 （A310nm） compared to untreated cells which was 0.394 （A310nm）. In contrast, katA expression was 1.48-fold and 0.33-fold lower respectively relative to gyrA and 16S rRNA. Further, APC-treated cells showed decreased catalase activity of 1.8 × 10^-4 （U/L or μmol/（min.L）） compared to untreated cells, which was 4.8 × 10^-4 U/L （P〈0.05）. Absorbance readings （A575nm） for the NBT reduction assay were 0.709 and 0.695 respectively for untreated and treated cells, which indicated the presence of ROS. APC-treated S. aureus cells had lower ROS levels both extracellularly and intracellularly, but larger amounts remained intracellularly compared to extracellular levels with absorbances of 0.457 and 0.137 respectively （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： APC induced expressions of both sodA and sodM, resulting in increased total SOD activity in S. aureus. Higher sodA expression indicated stress induced intracellularly involving O2, presumably leading to higher intracellular pools of H2O2. A concommittant decrease in katA expression and catalase activity possibly induced ahpC expression, which was increased the highest in APC-treated cells. Our findings suggest that in the absence of catalase, cells are propelled to seek an alternatepathway involving ahpC to reduce stress invoked by O2- and H2O2. Although APC reduced levels of ROS, significant amounts eluded its antioxidative action and remained intracellularly, which adds to oxidative stress in treated cells.展开更多
Carbonate reservoir characterization and estimation of fluid saturation seem more challenging in the low resistivity pay zone (LRPZ). The Lower Cretaceous Buwaib Formation is important reservoir in the Persian Gulf. T...Carbonate reservoir characterization and estimation of fluid saturation seem more challenging in the low resistivity pay zone (LRPZ). The Lower Cretaceous Buwaib Formation is important reservoir in the Persian Gulf. The formation in the Salman Field is divided into three reservoir zones and four barriers and tight zones. These reservoir zones show low resistivity characteristics, high fluid saturation, but good oil production. In some intervals resistivity responses reach less than 1 ohm•m. Petrophysical properties measured from laboratory and logging tools have been combined with thin section X-ray diffraction (XRD) and PNN (Pulse Neutron Neutron). Geological studies define presence of 8 facies from wackeston to packstone. In general, reservoir potential of the Buwaib Formation is under influenced by the development of lithocodium mound facies that along with moderate to high porosity intervals. Micritization and pyritization of digenetic process along with clay-coated grains, carbonate with interstitial dispersed clay have conspicuous impact on LRPZ. Based on XRD analysis, Montmorillonite and Kaolinite of main clays types have high CEC and greater impact on lowering resistivity. To describe pore systems of rocks, the Lønøy method applied to address pore throat sizes which contain mudstone micro porosity related to lithocodium mound facies and uniform interparticle at class 3 Lucia as pore size varies from 0.2 to 10 micron. Some constraints were defined to estimate reliable water saturation that checked by sigma logs. Water saturation is 42%, 34% and 40% respectively in BL1, BL2 and BL3 zones.展开更多
Health related physical fitness (HRPF) is considered to be an indirect marker of a person’s health and wellbeing, reflecting the interplay and integration of many persons’ systems and body functions. Purpose: To inv...Health related physical fitness (HRPF) is considered to be an indirect marker of a person’s health and wellbeing, reflecting the interplay and integration of many persons’ systems and body functions. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and HRPF in a national cross-sectional sample of Saudi girls and adolescents. Methods: Weight, height and four components of HRPF (body fat composition, strength and endurance, flexibility and cardio-respiratory fitness) were measured in three age groups [(8 - 10), (11 - 12) and (13 - 15) years]. Pearson correlation coefficient and regressions analysis using a non-linear quadratic model were used to evaluate the relationship between BMI and HRPF in three age groups. Results: The results revealed variable relationships among tests. Lower scores in body fat composition and cardio-respiratory fitness were associated with higher body mass indexes in each age group. Also lower scores in muscle strength and endurance were recorded in girls aged from 11 to 15 years. Relationships between BMI and flexibility differed among age groups. Conclusion: BMI significantly and differentially influenced individual HRPF, but effects varied with age. Higher body mass indexes were generally associated with lower HRPF. The level of HRPF determined by this study may serve as an indicator of potential health risks that overweight and obese children girls and adolescents faced.展开更多
Injury of the periodontium followed by inflammatory response often leads to mot resorption. Resorption is accomplished by osteoclasts and their generation may depend on an interaction with the cells in direct contact ...Injury of the periodontium followed by inflammatory response often leads to mot resorption. Resorption is accomplished by osteoclasts and their generation may depend on an interaction with the cells in direct contact with the root, the cementoblasts. Our study aimed to investigate the role of human cementoblasts in the formation of osteoclasts and the effect of interleukin （IL）- 1β hereupon. Extracted teeth from healthy volunteers were subjected to sequential digestion by type I collagenase and trypsin. The effect of enzymatic digestion on the presence of cells on the root surface was analyzed by histology. Gene expression of primary human cementoblasts （pHCB） was compared with a human cementoblast cell line （HCEM）. The pHCBs were analyzed for their expression of IL-1 receptors as well as of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand （RANKL） and osteoprotegerin （OPG）. In a co-culture system consisting of osteoclast precursors （blood monocytes） and pHCBs, the formation of osteoclasts and their resorptive activity was assessed by osteo-assay and ivory slices. The cells obtained after a 120 min enzyme digestion expressed the highest level of bone sialoprotein, similar to that of HCEM. This fraction of isolated cells also shared a similar expression pattern of IL-1 receptors （ILl-R1 and ILl-R2）. Treatment with IL-11~ potently upregulated RANKL expression but not of OPG. pHCBs were shown to induce the formation of functional osteoclasts. This capacity was significantly stimulated by pretreating the pHCBs with IL-1β prior to their co-culture with human blood monocytes. Our study demonstrated that cementoblasts have the capacity to induce osteoclastogenesis, a capacity strongly promoted by IL-1β. These results may explain why osteoclasts can be formed next to the root of teeth.展开更多
Let pj∈N and pj≥-1,j=2,...,n be a fixed positive integer.In this paper a generalized Roper-Suffridge extension operator F(z)={f(Z1)+f'(z1)}on Reinhardt domain is defined.Some different conditions for Pj areestab...Let pj∈N and pj≥-1,j=2,...,n be a fixed positive integer.In this paper a generalized Roper-Suffridge extension operator F(z)={f(Z1)+f'(z1)}on Reinhardt domain is defined.Some different conditions for Pj areestablished under which the operator preserves an almost spirallike mapping of type fl and order a and spirallike mapping of typeβand orderα,respectively.In particular,our results reduce to many well-known results.展开更多
In this paper, the q-analogue of the Stirling formula for the q-gamma function （Moak formula） is exploited to prove the complete monotonicity properties of some functions involving the q-gamma and the q-polygamma fu...In this paper, the q-analogue of the Stirling formula for the q-gamma function （Moak formula） is exploited to prove the complete monotonicity properties of some functions involving the q-gamma and the q-polygamma functions for all real number q 〉 0. The monotonicity of these functions is used to establish sharp inequalities for the q-gamma and the q-polygamma functions and the q-Harmonic number. Our results are shown to be a generalization of results which were obtained by Selvi and Batir [23].展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the phenolic profile and antioxidant activity in vitro of peanut skin extract(PSE) and effect of PSE on characteristics of sheep patties during storage.Methods: PSE phenolic profile was evaluate...Objective: To evaluate the phenolic profile and antioxidant activity in vitro of peanut skin extract(PSE) and effect of PSE on characteristics of sheep patties during storage.Methods: PSE phenolic profile was evaluated in LC–MS analysis and by total phenolic content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing/antioxidant power. Patties elaborated with sheep meat were packaged in modified atmosphere and storage at(2 ± 1)C. The analyses were performed every 5 days for 20 days on microbial counts, physico-chemical properties, lipid oxidation, protein stability and sensory characteristics.Results: The major group of phenolic compounds in PSE was the proanthocyanidins followed by other flavonoids, which are related to potential phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The addition of PSE and butyl hydroxytoluene(BHT) reduced the microbial counts during the storage time, caused reduction on the loss of redness and sensory properties over time. The lipid and protein oxidation in sheep patties was effectively inhibited by PSE and BHT.Conclusions: The present results showed the potential application of PSE as a natural alternative to replace synthetic antioxidants(BHT) for increasing the quality and extending the shelf-life of sheep patties.展开更多
文摘Remembrance activities can support the Culture of Care(CoC)in Laboratory Animal Science(LAS)not only by promoting a culture of respect,gratitude and thankfulness for animal life but also by helping the emotional processing and healing of lab animal researchers and animal facility staff.Even though remembrance activities are practiced in many parts of the world,we did not come across any reported cases in Sri Lanka before 2022.Therefore,here,we report on the various remembrance activities and practices observed within our local scientific community.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Fund of TNU-Thai Nguyen University of Science.
文摘We study the split common solution problem with multiple output sets for monotone operator equations in Hilbert spaces.To solve this problem,we propose two new parallel algorithms.We establish a weak convergence theorem for the first and a strong convergence theorem for the second.
文摘This article presents a detailed theoretical hybrid analysis of the magnetism and the thermal radiative heat transfer in the presence of heat generation affecting the behavior of the dispersed gold nanoparticles(AuNPs)through the blood vessels of the human body.The rheology of gold-blood nanofluid is treated as magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow with ferromagnetic properties.The AuNPs take different shapes as bricks,cylinders,and platelets which are considered in changing the nanofluid flow behavior.Physiologically,the blood is circulated under the kinetics of the peristaltic action.The mixed properties of the slip flow,the gravity,the space porosity,the transverse ferromagnetic field,the thermal radiation,the nanoparticles shape factors,the peristaltic amplitude ratio,and the concentration of the AuNPs are interacted and analyzed for the gold-blood circulation in the inclined tube.The appropriate model for the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid is chosen to be the effective Hamilton-Crosser model.The undertaken nanofluid can be treated as incompressible non-Newtonian ferromagnetic fluid.The solutions of the partial differential governing equations of the MHD nanofluid flow are executed by the strategy of perturbation approach under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number.Graphs for the streamwise velocity distributions,temperature distributions,pressure gradients,pressure drops,and streamlines are presented under the influences of the pertinent properties.The practical implementation of this research finds application in treating cancer through a technique known as photothermal therapy(PTT).The results indicate the control role of the magnetism,the heat generation,the shape factors of the AuNPs,and its concentration on the enhancement of the thermal properties and the streamwise velocity of the nanofluid.The results reveal a marked enhancement in the temperature profiles of the nanofluid,prominently influenced by both the intensified heat source and the heightened volume fractions of the nanoparticles.Furthermore,the platelet shape is regarded as most advantageous for heat conduction owing to its highest effective thermal conductivity.AuNPs proved strong efficiency in delivering and targeting the drug to reach the affected area with tumors.These results offer valuable insights into evaluating the effectiveness of PTT in addressing diverse cancer conditions and regulating their progression.
文摘BACKGROUND In the absence of effective antimicrobials,transplant surgery is not viable,and antirejection immunosuppressants cannot be administered,as resistant infections compromise the life-saving goal of organ transplantation.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobials in preventing resistance in solid organ transplant recipients.METHODS A systematic review was conducted using a search methodology consistent with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.This review included randomized clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of antimicrobial agents(prophylactic or therapeutic)aimed at preventing antimicrobial resistance.The search strategy involved analyzing multiple databases,including PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science,Embase,Scopus,and SciELO,as well as examining gray literature sources on Google Scholar.A comprehensive electronic database search was conducted from the databases’inception until May 2024,with no language restrictions.RESULTS After the final phase of the eligibility assessment,this systematic review ultimate-ly included 7 articles.A total of 2318 patients were studied.The most studied microorganisms were cytomegalovirus,although vancomycinresistant enterococci,Clostridioides difficile,and multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales were also analyzed.The antimicrobials used in the interventions were mainly maribavir,valganciclovir,gancic-lovir,and colistin-neomycin.Of concern,all clinical trials showed significant proportions of resistant microorga-nisms after the interventions,with no statistically significant differences between the groups(mean resistance 13.47%vs 14.39%),except for two studies that demonstrated greater efficacy of maribavir and valganciclovir(mean resistance 22.2%vs 41.1%in the control group;P<0.05).The total reported deaths in three clinical trials were 75,and there were 24 graft rejections in two studies.CONCLUSION All clinical trials reported significant proportions of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms following interventions.More high-quality randomized clinical trials are needed to corroborate these results.
基金supported by the EPFL,EMPA and the National Research Foundation of Singapore(Urban Solutions and Sustainability,Industry Alignment Fund[Pre‐Positioning]Programme)(A‐0004543‐00‐00)。
文摘Acidic environments enhance CO_(2) utilization during CO_(2) electrolysis via a buffering effect that converts carbonates formed at the electrode surface back into CO_(2).Nevertheless,further investigation into acidic CO_(2) electrolysis is required to improve its selectivity towards certain CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)products,such as multicarbon(C2+)species,while enhancing its overall stability.In this study,liquid product recirculation in the catholyte and local OH−accumulation were identified as primary factors contributing to the degradation of gas diffusion electrodes mounted in closed‐loop catholyte configurations.We demonstrate that a single‐pass catholyte configuration prevents liquid product recirculation and maintains a continuous flow of acidic‐pH catholyte throughout the reaction while using the same volume as a closed‐loop setup.This approach improves electrode durability and maintains a Faradaic efficiency of 67%for multicarbon products over 4 h of CO_(2) electrolysis at−600 mA cm^(-2).
文摘BACKGROUND Rectal foreign bodies,though uncommon,present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges,particularly when they result from accidental ingestion.The non-specific symptoms and the potential for serious complications necessitate a thorough and methodical approach to diagnosis and treatment.This case report aims to highlight the diagnostic complexities and management strategies involved in treating a patient with a rectal foreign body,focusing on the use of advanced imaging techniques and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach.CASE SUMMARY A 48-year-old male with a history of hypertension presented with a one-year history of post-defecation anorectal pain and mild post-defecation rectorrhagia.Initial evaluation revealed hemodynamic stability and a tender,non-mucosal lesion in the anterior left rectal region.Imaging studies,including colonoscopy,magnetic resonance imaging,and endosonography,identified an erythematous,exophytic lesion and a perirectal abscess containing a foreign body.Surgical inter-vention revealed necrotic tissue and purulent material,along with two solid foreign body fragments(bone or plant matter).Postoperative follow-up showed the patient in good condition,and pathology confirmed the fragments as mature bone.CONCLUSION This case underscores the diagnostic challenges posed by rectal foreign bodies with nonspecific symptoms and no clear history of ingestion.
基金funding agency in the public,commercial,or not-for-profit sectors.
文摘Background:The root of Desmodium gangeticum,a key component of“Dashamoola,”is a significant Ayurveda remedy for inflammatory conditions.Due to the less availability of D.gangeticum in Sri Lanka,indigenous physicians often substitute Alysicarpus vaginalis root without scientific validation.Further,no comparative study has been conducted on the whole plants of these species.This research is focused on comparing the aqueous extracts of roots and whole plants of A.vaginalis and D.gangeticum for anti-inflammatory activity,acute toxicity,and to quantify major phytochemicals.Methods:Freeze-dried aqueous extracts were prepared and assessed for anti-inflammatory potency using the egg albumin denaturation assay,heat-induced red blood cell membrane stabilization assay,and nitric oxide assay.Acute toxicity was evaluated using the zebrafish embryo assay,and major phytochemicals,were quantitatively screened.Results:In egg albumin denaturation assay,D.gangeticum whole plant(IC_(50)107.89±0.71μg/mL)and root(IC_(50)210.37±0.39μg/mL)exhibited superior anti-inflammatory potency compared to diclofenac sodium(IC_(50)826.04±0.27μg/mL)and A.vaginalis(whole plant IC_(50)1,336μg/mL,root IC_(50)3,162.28μg/mL).In red blood cell membrane stabilization assay,D.gangeticum(whole plant IC_(50)47.86±0.52μg/mL,root IC_(50)331.13±0.83μg/mL)showed the highest activity.Quercetin(IC_(50)285.01μg/mL)was the most potent,with D.gangeticum(IC_(50)2,080.03μg/mL)and A.vaginalis(IC_(50)7,183.87μg/mL)showing weaker inhibition in the nitric oxide assay.Regarding toxicity,lower toxicity showed for D.gangeticum(LC502,570.39μg/mL)compared to A.vaginalis(LC501,348.96μg/mL).In phytochemical analysis,phenols,flavonoids,tannins,alkaloids and saponins were quantified.Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between effects of all extracts and reference drugs(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comparative analysis revealed,D.gangeticum has higher anti-inflammatory activity and lower toxicity than A.vaginalis,suggesting its suitability over A.vaginalis in Sri Lankan practices.
文摘Introduction: Vaccination faces several obstacles in the fight against COVID-19, yet it has been identified as one of the most effective means of preventing new epidemics of COVID-19. The aim was to contribute to improving vaccination coverage against COVID-19 in the Kindu health zone. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study with an analytical focus, using a questionnaire that enabled us to carry out a survey from October 03 to 30, 2022. Our target study population was residents of the Kindu health zone. A total of 420 subjects participated in our study, including 42 per site. Results: The study revealed a low proportion of vaccinated subjects (38.3%) and a high proportion of non-vaccinated subjects (61.70%). Non-belief in the efficacy of vaccines (p = 0.001), infodemia (p = 0.001) and respect for ethnic norms (p = 0.001) were identified as perceived barriers to vaccination. Fear of being branded with the “666” beast badge (p = 0.004) as the perceived severity. Respondents’ perceptions of mass vaccination against COVID-19 are mixed, and their opinions and expectations of COVID-19 vaccination in the town of Kindu are divided. Conclusion: In order to increase the proportion of people vaccinated against COVID-19, it is suggested here to increase the population’s ability to detect false information through a well-structured communication and health education program.
文摘This study rigorously examines the interplay between viscous dissipation,magnetic effects,and thermal radiation on the flow behavior of a non-Newtonian Carreau squeezed fluid passing by a sensor surface within a micro cantilever channel,aiming to deepen our understanding of heat transport processes in complex fluid dynamics scenarios.The primary objective is to elucidate how physical operational parameters influence both the velocity of fluid flow and its temperature distribution,utilizing a comprehensive numerical approach.Employing a combination of mathematical modeling techniques,including similarity transformation,this investigation transforms complex partial differential equations into more manageable ordinary ones,subsequently solving them using the homotopy perturbation method.By analyzing the obtained solutions and presenting them graphically,alongside detailed analysis,the study sheds light on the pivotal role of significant parameters in shaping fluid movement and energy distribution.Noteworthy observations reveal a substantial increase in fluid velocity with escalating magnetic parameters,while conversely,a contrasting trend emerges in the temperature distribution,highlighting the intricate relationship between magnetic effects,flow dynamics,and thermal behavior in non-Newtonian fluids.Further,the suction velocity enhance both the local skin friction and Nusselt numbers,whereas theWeissenberg number reduces them,opposite to the effect of the power-law index.
基金Dean ship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University,Abha,Saudi Arabia,for funding this work through the Research Group Project(Grant No.RGP.2/610/45)funded by the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project(Grant No.PNURSP2024R102),Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia。
文摘This study numerically investigates inclined magneto-hydrodynamic natural convection in a porous cavity filled with nanofluid containing gyrotactic microorganisms.The governing equations are nondimensionalized and solved using the finite volume method.The simulations examine the impact of key parameters such as heat source length and position,Peclet number,porosity,and heat generation/absorption on flow patterns,temperature distribution,concentration profiles,and microorganism rotation.Results indicate that extending the heat source length enhances convective currents and heat transfer efficiency,while optimizing the heat source position reduces entropy generation.Higher Peclet numbers amplify convective currents and microorganism distribution complexity.Variations in porosity and heat generation/absorption significantly influence flow dynamics.Additionally,the artificial neural network model reliably predicts the mean Nusselt and Sherwood numbers(Nu&Sh),demonstrating its effectiveness for such analyses.The simulation results reveal that increasing the heat source length significantly enhances heat transfer,as evidenced by a 15%increase in the mean Nusselt number.
文摘This comprehensive research examines the dynamics of magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)flow and heat transfer within a couple stress fluid.The investigation specifically focuses on the fluid’s behavior over a vertical stretching sheet embedded within a porous medium,providing valuable insights into the complex interactions between fluid mechanics,thermal transport,and magnetic fields.This study accounts for the significant impact of heat generation and thermal radiation,crucial factors for enhancing heat transfer efficiency in various industrial and technological contexts.The research employs mathematical techniques to simplify complex partial differential equations(PDEs)governing fluid flow and heat transfer.Specifically,suitable similarity transformations are applied to convert the PDEs into a more manageable system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs).The homotopy perturbation method(HPM)is employed to derive approximate analytical solutions for the problem.The influences of key parameters,such as magnetic field strength,heat generation,thermal radiation,porosity,and couple stress,on velocity and temperature profiles are analyzed and discussed.Findings indicate that the mixed convection parameter positively affects flow velocity,while the magnetic field parameter significantly alters the flow dynamics,exhibiting an inverse relationship.Further,this type of flow behavior model is relevant to real-world systems like cooling of nuclear reactors and oil extraction through porous formations,where magnetic and thermal effects are significant.
基金part of the activities of SCCER HeE, which is financially supported by Innosuisse – Swiss Innovation Agency
文摘Stability of borohydrides is determined by the localization of the negative charge on the boron atom.Ionic liquids(ILs) allow to modify the stability of the borohydrides and promote new dehydrogenation pathways with a lower activation energy. The combination of borohydride and IL is very easy to realize and no expensive rare earth metals are required. The composite of the ILs with complex hydrides decreases the enthalpy and activation energy for the hydrogen desorption. The Coulomb interaction between borohydride and IL leads to a destabilization of the materials with a significantly lower enthalpy for hydrogen desorption. Here, we report a simple ion exchange reaction using various ILs, such as vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride([VBTMA][Cl]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([bmim][Cl]), and 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bromide([EMPY][Br]) with NaBH4 to decrease the hydrogen desorption temperature. Dehydrogenation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium borohydride([bmim][BH4]) starts below 100℃. The quantity of desorbed hydrogen ranges between 2.4 wt% and 2.9 wt%, which is close to the theoretical content of hydrogen. The improvement in dehydrogenation is due to the strong amine cation that destabilizes borohydride by charge transfer.
文摘The effect of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity on steady magnetohydrodynamic（MHD） heat and mass transfer flow of viscous and incompressible fluid near a stagnation point towards a permeable stretching sheet embedded in a porous medium are presented,taking into account thermal radiation and internal heat genberation/absorbtion.The stretching velocity and the ambient fluid velocity are assumed to vary linearly with the distance from the stagnation point.The Rosseland approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy equation.The governing fundamental equations are first transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using a scaling group of transformations and are solved numerically by using the fourth-order Rung-Kutta method with the shooting technique.A comparison with previously published work has been carried out and the results are found to be in good agreement.The results are analyzed for the effect of different physical parameters,such as the variable viscosity and thermal conductivity,the ratio of free stream velocity to stretching velocity,the magnetic field,the porosity,the radiation and suction/injection on the flow,and the heat and mass transfer characteristics.The results indicate that the inclusion of variable viscosity and thermal conductivity into the fluids of light and medium molecular weight is able to change the boundary-layer behavior for all values of the velocity ratio parameter λ except for λ = 1.In addition,the imposition of fluid suction increases both the rate of heat and mass transfer,whereas fluid injection shows the opposite effect.
基金the Faculty of Health Sciences,MARA University of Technology(UiTM) SelangorPuncak Alam and UiTM LESTARI grant(600-IRMI/ MYRA 5/3/LESTARI(16/2016) for the funds provided to complete this study
文摘OBJECTIVE： This study investigated the effects of allylpyrocatechol （APC）, the major component in ethanolic extract of Piper betle, on key oxidative stress resistance enzymes important for the survival of Staphylococcus aureus, a major pathogen in the human host. METHODS： Effects of APC on expressions of genes encoding catalase （katA）, superoxide dismutases （SODs）, including soda and sodM, and alkyl hydroperoxide reductase （ahpC） in S. aureus were quantitated by RT-qPCR in reference to gyrA and 16S rRNA. Corresponding activities of the enzymes were also investigated. The Livak analysis was performed for verification of gene-fold expression data. Effects of APC on intracellular and extracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） levels were determined using the nitroblue tetrazolium （NBT） reduction assay. RESULTS： APC-treated S. aureus cells had higher sodA and sodM transcripts at 1.5-fold and 0.7-fold expressions respectively with corresponding increase in total SOD activity of 12.24 U/mL compared to untreated cells, 10.85 U/mL （P〈0.05）. Expression of ahpC was highest in APC-treated cells with 5.5-fold increased expression compared to untreated cells （P〈0.05）. Correspondingly, ahpC activity was higher in APC-treated cells at 0.672 （A310nm） compared to untreated cells which was 0.394 （A310nm）. In contrast, katA expression was 1.48-fold and 0.33-fold lower respectively relative to gyrA and 16S rRNA. Further, APC-treated cells showed decreased catalase activity of 1.8 × 10^-4 （U/L or μmol/（min.L）） compared to untreated cells, which was 4.8 × 10^-4 U/L （P〈0.05）. Absorbance readings （A575nm） for the NBT reduction assay were 0.709 and 0.695 respectively for untreated and treated cells, which indicated the presence of ROS. APC-treated S. aureus cells had lower ROS levels both extracellularly and intracellularly, but larger amounts remained intracellularly compared to extracellular levels with absorbances of 0.457 and 0.137 respectively （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： APC induced expressions of both sodA and sodM, resulting in increased total SOD activity in S. aureus. Higher sodA expression indicated stress induced intracellularly involving O2, presumably leading to higher intracellular pools of H2O2. A concommittant decrease in katA expression and catalase activity possibly induced ahpC expression, which was increased the highest in APC-treated cells. Our findings suggest that in the absence of catalase, cells are propelled to seek an alternatepathway involving ahpC to reduce stress invoked by O2- and H2O2. Although APC reduced levels of ROS, significant amounts eluded its antioxidative action and remained intracellularly, which adds to oxidative stress in treated cells.
文摘Carbonate reservoir characterization and estimation of fluid saturation seem more challenging in the low resistivity pay zone (LRPZ). The Lower Cretaceous Buwaib Formation is important reservoir in the Persian Gulf. The formation in the Salman Field is divided into three reservoir zones and four barriers and tight zones. These reservoir zones show low resistivity characteristics, high fluid saturation, but good oil production. In some intervals resistivity responses reach less than 1 ohm•m. Petrophysical properties measured from laboratory and logging tools have been combined with thin section X-ray diffraction (XRD) and PNN (Pulse Neutron Neutron). Geological studies define presence of 8 facies from wackeston to packstone. In general, reservoir potential of the Buwaib Formation is under influenced by the development of lithocodium mound facies that along with moderate to high porosity intervals. Micritization and pyritization of digenetic process along with clay-coated grains, carbonate with interstitial dispersed clay have conspicuous impact on LRPZ. Based on XRD analysis, Montmorillonite and Kaolinite of main clays types have high CEC and greater impact on lowering resistivity. To describe pore systems of rocks, the Lønøy method applied to address pore throat sizes which contain mudstone micro porosity related to lithocodium mound facies and uniform interparticle at class 3 Lucia as pore size varies from 0.2 to 10 micron. Some constraints were defined to estimate reliable water saturation that checked by sigma logs. Water saturation is 42%, 34% and 40% respectively in BL1, BL2 and BL3 zones.
文摘Health related physical fitness (HRPF) is considered to be an indirect marker of a person’s health and wellbeing, reflecting the interplay and integration of many persons’ systems and body functions. Purpose: To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and HRPF in a national cross-sectional sample of Saudi girls and adolescents. Methods: Weight, height and four components of HRPF (body fat composition, strength and endurance, flexibility and cardio-respiratory fitness) were measured in three age groups [(8 - 10), (11 - 12) and (13 - 15) years]. Pearson correlation coefficient and regressions analysis using a non-linear quadratic model were used to evaluate the relationship between BMI and HRPF in three age groups. Results: The results revealed variable relationships among tests. Lower scores in body fat composition and cardio-respiratory fitness were associated with higher body mass indexes in each age group. Also lower scores in muscle strength and endurance were recorded in girls aged from 11 to 15 years. Relationships between BMI and flexibility differed among age groups. Conclusion: BMI significantly and differentially influenced individual HRPF, but effects varied with age. Higher body mass indexes were generally associated with lower HRPF. The level of HRPF determined by this study may serve as an indicator of potential health risks that overweight and obese children girls and adolescents faced.
基金Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund Chulalongkorn University(R/F_2557_021_03_32)Integrated-Innovation Academic Center’Chulalongkorn University Centenary Academic Development Project+1 种基金The 2012 Research Chair GrantThailand National Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)
文摘Injury of the periodontium followed by inflammatory response often leads to mot resorption. Resorption is accomplished by osteoclasts and their generation may depend on an interaction with the cells in direct contact with the root, the cementoblasts. Our study aimed to investigate the role of human cementoblasts in the formation of osteoclasts and the effect of interleukin （IL）- 1β hereupon. Extracted teeth from healthy volunteers were subjected to sequential digestion by type I collagenase and trypsin. The effect of enzymatic digestion on the presence of cells on the root surface was analyzed by histology. Gene expression of primary human cementoblasts （pHCB） was compared with a human cementoblast cell line （HCEM）. The pHCBs were analyzed for their expression of IL-1 receptors as well as of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand （RANKL） and osteoprotegerin （OPG）. In a co-culture system consisting of osteoclast precursors （blood monocytes） and pHCBs, the formation of osteoclasts and their resorptive activity was assessed by osteo-assay and ivory slices. The cells obtained after a 120 min enzyme digestion expressed the highest level of bone sialoprotein, similar to that of HCEM. This fraction of isolated cells also shared a similar expression pattern of IL-1 receptors （ILl-R1 and ILl-R2）. Treatment with IL-11~ potently upregulated RANKL expression but not of OPG. pHCBs were shown to induce the formation of functional osteoclasts. This capacity was significantly stimulated by pretreating the pHCBs with IL-1β prior to their co-culture with human blood monocytes. Our study demonstrated that cementoblasts have the capacity to induce osteoclastogenesis, a capacity strongly promoted by IL-1β. These results may explain why osteoclasts can be formed next to the root of teeth.
文摘Let pj∈N and pj≥-1,j=2,...,n be a fixed positive integer.In this paper a generalized Roper-Suffridge extension operator F(z)={f(Z1)+f'(z1)}on Reinhardt domain is defined.Some different conditions for Pj areestablished under which the operator preserves an almost spirallike mapping of type fl and order a and spirallike mapping of typeβand orderα,respectively.In particular,our results reduce to many well-known results.
文摘In this paper, the q-analogue of the Stirling formula for the q-gamma function （Moak formula） is exploited to prove the complete monotonicity properties of some functions involving the q-gamma and the q-polygamma functions for all real number q 〉 0. The monotonicity of these functions is used to establish sharp inequalities for the q-gamma and the q-polygamma functions and the q-Harmonic number. Our results are shown to be a generalization of results which were obtained by Selvi and Batir [23].
基金Supported by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq No.248705/2013-0)Foundation for Research Support of Sao Paulo–FAPESP by PhD scholarship(Case No.2011/08093-2)Research Internships Abroad(Case n.517 2013/14120-8)
文摘Objective: To evaluate the phenolic profile and antioxidant activity in vitro of peanut skin extract(PSE) and effect of PSE on characteristics of sheep patties during storage.Methods: PSE phenolic profile was evaluated in LC–MS analysis and by total phenolic content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing/antioxidant power. Patties elaborated with sheep meat were packaged in modified atmosphere and storage at(2 ± 1)C. The analyses were performed every 5 days for 20 days on microbial counts, physico-chemical properties, lipid oxidation, protein stability and sensory characteristics.Results: The major group of phenolic compounds in PSE was the proanthocyanidins followed by other flavonoids, which are related to potential phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The addition of PSE and butyl hydroxytoluene(BHT) reduced the microbial counts during the storage time, caused reduction on the loss of redness and sensory properties over time. The lipid and protein oxidation in sheep patties was effectively inhibited by PSE and BHT.Conclusions: The present results showed the potential application of PSE as a natural alternative to replace synthetic antioxidants(BHT) for increasing the quality and extending the shelf-life of sheep patties.
