Dear Editor：Numerous magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）studies have demonstrated that patients with early-onset schizophrenia（EOS）have widespread structural abnormalities in the cortical gray matter[1],suggesting th...Dear Editor：Numerous magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）studies have demonstrated that patients with early-onset schizophrenia（EOS）have widespread structural abnormalities in the cortical gray matter[1],suggesting that neurobiological processes play a central role in the structural abnormalities underlying the pathophysiology of schizophrenia[2].In addition,volumetric abnormalities have been used to identify individuals at risk of mental states of展开更多
Vision training is often proposed through the unchallenged assumption that the training of sight skills is paramount to vision and can improve competitive performance. A growing body of neuroscientific literature demo...Vision training is often proposed through the unchallenged assumption that the training of sight skills is paramount to vision and can improve competitive performance. A growing body of neuroscientific literature demonstrates that most vision processes happen as a result of inside-out rather than outside-in neural pathways. Training systems and methods are often being counselled, promoted, and accepted as solve-it-all approaches without statistic and scientific evidence that training improvement can be transferred from training sessions to competitive performance.展开更多
This present study was aimed to investigate the localizable diagnostic value of magnetoencephalography （MEG） combined with synthetic aperture magnetometry （SAM） in childhood absence epilepsy （CAE）. Thirteen CAE ...This present study was aimed to investigate the localizable diagnostic value of magnetoencephalography （MEG） combined with synthetic aperture magnetometry （SAM） in childhood absence epilepsy （CAE）. Thirteen CAE patients underwent MEG detection at resting state and after hyperventilation, and then the epileptic loci were located by SAM. In the thirteen CAE patients, epileptic foci were found in five cases （38.5%）, and they were all located in the bilateral frontal lobe, suggesting that the frontal lobe in some CAE patients may serve as the epileptic foci. Our findings indicate that MEG combined with SAM could be of diagnostic value in localizing the epileptic foci in certain CAE patients.展开更多
Background Although postpartum depression(PPD)and non-peripartum major depressive disorder(MDD)occurring within and outside the postpartum period share many clinical characteristics,whether PPD and MDD are the same or...Background Although postpartum depression(PPD)and non-peripartum major depressive disorder(MDD)occurring within and outside the postpartum period share many clinical characteristics,whether PPD and MDD are the same or not remains controversial.Methods The current study was devoted to identify the shared and different neural circuits between PPD and MDD by resting-state functionalmagnetic resonance imaging data from 77 participants(22 first-episodic drug-naleMDD,26 drug-nale PPD,and 29 healthy controls(HC)).Results Both the PPD andMDD groups exhibited higher fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)in left temporal pole relative to the HC group;the MDD group showed specifically increased degree centrality in the right cerebellum while PPD showed specifically decreased fALFF in the left supplementary motor area and posterior middle temporal gyrus(pMTG_L),and specifically decreased functional connectivities between pMTG and precuneus and between left subgeneual anterior cingulate cortex(sgACC_L)and right sgACC.Moreover,sgACC and left thalamus showed abnormal regional homogeneity of functional activities between any pair of HC,MDD,and PPD.Conclusions These results provide initial evidence that PPD and MDD have common and distinct neural circuits,which may facilitate understanding the neurophysiological basis and precision treatment for PPD.展开更多
Artemisinin and its derivatives,commonly known as antimalarial drugs,have gradually come to be regarded as potential antitumor agents,although their cytotoxic efficacy and mechanisms of action remain to be settled.Her...Artemisinin and its derivatives,commonly known as antimalarial drugs,have gradually come to be regarded as potential antitumor agents,although their cytotoxic efficacy and mechanisms of action remain to be settled.Herein,we report that an artemisinin analog,ART1,can potently induce ferroptosis in a subset of cancer cell lines.Structure–activity relationship(SAR)analysis reveals that both the endoperoxide moiety and the artemisinin skeleton are required for the antitumor activity of ART1.Aided with ART1-based small-molecule tools,chemical proteomic analysis identified the HSD17B4 protein as a direct target of ART1.HSD17B4 resides in peroxisomes and is an essential enzyme in the catabolism of very-long-chain fatty acids.Our results demonstrate that ART1 initiates ferroptosis through selective oxidation of the fatty acids in peroxisomes by hijacking the HSD17B4 protein without disturbing its enzymatic function,providing a promising mechanism to develop therapeutics for cancer treatment.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30900486, 81371480, 81271484, 81471361, 81100996, and 81200838)the National Basic Research Development Program (973) of China (2012CB517904)supported by the Sheng-Hua Yuying Project of Central South University, China
文摘Dear Editor：Numerous magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）studies have demonstrated that patients with early-onset schizophrenia（EOS）have widespread structural abnormalities in the cortical gray matter[1],suggesting that neurobiological processes play a central role in the structural abnormalities underlying the pathophysiology of schizophrenia[2].In addition,volumetric abnormalities have been used to identify individuals at risk of mental states of
文摘Vision training is often proposed through the unchallenged assumption that the training of sight skills is paramount to vision and can improve competitive performance. A growing body of neuroscientific literature demonstrates that most vision processes happen as a result of inside-out rather than outside-in neural pathways. Training systems and methods are often being counselled, promoted, and accepted as solve-it-all approaches without statistic and scientific evidence that training improvement can be transferred from training sessions to competitive performance.
基金supported by Nanjing Medical Technology Development Grant (No. ZKM05033)
文摘This present study was aimed to investigate the localizable diagnostic value of magnetoencephalography （MEG） combined with synthetic aperture magnetometry （SAM） in childhood absence epilepsy （CAE）. Thirteen CAE patients underwent MEG detection at resting state and after hyperventilation, and then the epileptic loci were located by SAM. In the thirteen CAE patients, epileptic foci were found in five cases （38.5%）, and they were all located in the bilateral frontal lobe, suggesting that the frontal lobe in some CAE patients may serve as the epileptic foci. Our findings indicate that MEG combined with SAM could be of diagnostic value in localizing the epileptic foci in certain CAE patients.
基金This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62176044)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant Nos.2021YJ0186,2022YFS0178)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(GrantNos.202001BC070001,202102AA100053).
文摘Background Although postpartum depression(PPD)and non-peripartum major depressive disorder(MDD)occurring within and outside the postpartum period share many clinical characteristics,whether PPD and MDD are the same or not remains controversial.Methods The current study was devoted to identify the shared and different neural circuits between PPD and MDD by resting-state functionalmagnetic resonance imaging data from 77 participants(22 first-episodic drug-naleMDD,26 drug-nale PPD,and 29 healthy controls(HC)).Results Both the PPD andMDD groups exhibited higher fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)in left temporal pole relative to the HC group;the MDD group showed specifically increased degree centrality in the right cerebellum while PPD showed specifically decreased fALFF in the left supplementary motor area and posterior middle temporal gyrus(pMTG_L),and specifically decreased functional connectivities between pMTG and precuneus and between left subgeneual anterior cingulate cortex(sgACC_L)and right sgACC.Moreover,sgACC and left thalamus showed abnormal regional homogeneity of functional activities between any pair of HC,MDD,and PPD.Conclusions These results provide initial evidence that PPD and MDD have common and distinct neural circuits,which may facilitate understanding the neurophysiological basis and precision treatment for PPD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.21532002 to Z.-J.Y.and J.Z.,no.21761142001 to Z.-J.Y.).
文摘Artemisinin and its derivatives,commonly known as antimalarial drugs,have gradually come to be regarded as potential antitumor agents,although their cytotoxic efficacy and mechanisms of action remain to be settled.Herein,we report that an artemisinin analog,ART1,can potently induce ferroptosis in a subset of cancer cell lines.Structure–activity relationship(SAR)analysis reveals that both the endoperoxide moiety and the artemisinin skeleton are required for the antitumor activity of ART1.Aided with ART1-based small-molecule tools,chemical proteomic analysis identified the HSD17B4 protein as a direct target of ART1.HSD17B4 resides in peroxisomes and is an essential enzyme in the catabolism of very-long-chain fatty acids.Our results demonstrate that ART1 initiates ferroptosis through selective oxidation of the fatty acids in peroxisomes by hijacking the HSD17B4 protein without disturbing its enzymatic function,providing a promising mechanism to develop therapeutics for cancer treatment.
