Plant roots and microorganisms are integral to the phosphorus(P)transformation process in forest soils.However,the specific mechanisms by which they affect soil P availability under long-term nitrogen(N)addition remai...Plant roots and microorganisms are integral to the phosphorus(P)transformation process in forest soils.However,the specific mechanisms by which they affect soil P availability under long-term nitrogen(N)addition remain elusive.Therefore,a long-term N addition experiment was conducted in a temperate forest in China.After 11-year N addition,measurements focused on P fractions,soil microbial biomass(SMB),microbial community(PLFAs),phosphatase activity,fine root biomass(FRB),and fine root biomass P(FRBP).The results demonstrated that N addition significantly decreased Resin-P and total extractable organic P(Po),while having no significant effect on total extractable inorganic P(Pi).Moreover,a strong positive correlation was observed between Resin-P and total extractable Po,suggesting that under N addition,organic P serves as the primary source of soluble P.This implies that continuous N deposition may exhaust the potential P source stored as organic P in forest soils.N addition also led to a reduction in SMB and FRB.Notably,microbial biomass P and FRBP were positively correlated with Resin-P and total extractable Po,indicating that the decrease in SMB and FRB is the main contributor to the decline in soluble P and organic P.Additionally,N addition significantly reduced phosphatase activity,suggesting an inhibition of the organic P hydrolysis process.In conclusion,N addition decreases P input into the soil by reducing SMB and FRB,and inhibits the transformation of different P forms by lowering enzyme activity.Consequently,soil organic P and soluble P decline,further intensifying P limitation.展开更多
Soil nonlinear behavior displays noticeable effects on the site seismic response.This study proposes a new functional expression of the skeleton curve to replace the hyperbolic skeleton curve.By integrating shear modu...Soil nonlinear behavior displays noticeable effects on the site seismic response.This study proposes a new functional expression of the skeleton curve to replace the hyperbolic skeleton curve.By integrating shear modulus and combining the dynamic skeleton curve and the damping degradation coefficient,the constitutive equation of the logarithmic dynamic skeleton can be obtained,which considers the damping effect in a soil dynamics problem.Based on the finite difference method and the multi-transmitting boundary condition,a 1D site seismic response analysis program called Soilresp1D has been developed herein and used to analyze the time-domain seismic response in three types of sites.At the same time,this study also provides numerical simulation results based on the hyperbolic constitutive model and the equivalent linear method.The results verify the rationality of the new soil dynamic constitutive model.It can analyze the mucky soil site nonlinear seismic response,reflecting the deformation characteristics and damping effect of the silty soil.The hysteresis loop area is more extensive,and the residual strain is evident.展开更多
In order to verify and study the dynamic response law on the double-sided loess slope under the action of the waves generated by automobile traffic,we select a double-sided loess slope from the long section of Anzi Ro...In order to verify and study the dynamic response law on the double-sided loess slope under the action of the waves generated by automobile traffic,we select a double-sided loess slope from the long section of Anzi Road as the research object.Both field investigations and on-site monitoring processes are conducted,for the purpose of providing robust basis for road protection in these conditions.In detail,vehicleinduced vibration signals are different according to different vehicle types,speeds,as well as positions,and thus are collected,respectively.Based on the statistical analysis of the signals,the vibration response law and frequency spectrum characteristics of the slope are summarized.The results show that:①The dynamic response of the doublesided loess slope increases as the vehicle load increases,and the strong vibration response area is located in the middle of the side slope;②When the vehicle load is small,the vibration wave amplification effect is obvious.On the contrary,when the vehicle load is large,the vibration wave amplification effect is weakened;③The spectrum distribution of the X-direction wave is single-peak shape,and the dominant frequency is concentrated in 30-50 Hz;the frequency spectrum distribution of the Zdirection wave shows a multi-peak shape,and the dominant frequency is concentrated in 20-180 Hz;④The vibration wave propagates in the slope.The frequency change shows little correlation with the type,speed and position of the vehicle,and instead,it is mainly determined by the slope itself.This study reveals the dynamic response on doubled-sided loess slopes and provides both theoretical and practical significance for the road protection in such situations.展开更多
Taking a holiday villa district for example, this paper explored the ways of merging traditional dwelling form into modern neighborhood, in the planning and design of this villa district, external space designs of tra...Taking a holiday villa district for example, this paper explored the ways of merging traditional dwelling form into modern neighborhood, in the planning and design of this villa district, external space designs of traditional villages were borrowed to stress the construction of traditional spaces, and the layout of road traffi c. It was elaborated that in the design of Chinese residential buildings, not only should Chinese style be applied in the facade design of dwellings, but also traditional dwelling forms should be merged with modern life, so the essence of traditional resident culture can be demonstrated in modern residential areas.展开更多
A bidirectional ribbed concrete beam slab structure was widly adopted for the upper space of industrial buildings.To maintain ample space and minimize the presence of conventional columns,a bidirectional prestressed c...A bidirectional ribbed concrete beam slab structure was widly adopted for the upper space of industrial buildings.To maintain ample space and minimize the presence of conventional columns,a bidirectional prestressed concrete beam is often employed.The intersection node of the prestressed concrete frame beam column was characterized by a high density of steel reinforcement,significant structural loads,and complex construction requirements.To ensure the quality,safety,and progress of prestressed frame beamcolumn intersection nodes during construction,this article proposed a new technology for constructing such nodes,which includes setting the tensioning and haunching ends of nodes at different positions,using ABAQUS finite element software to optimize the design of cross-sectional dimensions,conducting stress analysis simulations.展开更多
In order to monitor and forecast the deformation of the brick-concrete building, by taking a brick-concrete building as research object, fiber grating sensors were used to collect the monitoring data and double logari...In order to monitor and forecast the deformation of the brick-concrete building, by taking a brick-concrete building as research object, fiber grating sensors were used to collect the monitoring data and double logarithmic curve of limit value characteristic and monitoring data were obtained based on the fractal theory. Constant dimension fractal method cannot be used to analyze the data directly. With the method of variable dimension fractal, we accumulate data, and the double logarithmic curve is smooth. Piecewise fractal dimensions are close. The outer interpolation method is used to calculate the fractal dimension of the next point and then back calculate the vertical displacement. The relative errors are calculated by comparing the forecast values and monitoring values, and the maximum relative error is 5.76%. The result shows that the fractal theory is suitable to use in the forecast of the deformation and the accuracy is good.展开更多
Highly ordered nickel and silver nanorods arrays prepared by alumina template assisted electrodeposition were investigated to determine the effect of the array geometry on metal surface hydrophobicity and adhesion for...Highly ordered nickel and silver nanorods arrays prepared by alumina template assisted electrodeposition were investigated to determine the effect of the array geometry on metal surface hydrophobicity and adhesion forces. The nanorod geometry, clustering and pinning were used to characterize surface hydrophobicity and its modulation. A contribution of metal crystallographic orientation to the surface energy was calculated. To characterize nanorod array surface properties and elucidate the source of the particle adhesion effects has been calculated. The dispersive components of surface tension?γSD?and surface polarizability ks, as surface features that markedly characterize hydrophobicity and adhesion, were calculated. The highest hydrophobicity was found for Ag nanorods with aspect ratio of 10 then Ni nanorods with aspect ratio 10. The same geometry of nanorods particles resulted in different surface hydrophobicity and it was ascribed to the orientation of Ag and Ni crystals formed on the top of nanorods. Due to high hydrophobicity nanorod array surfaces could be used as an antifouling surface in medicine to select areas on implant surface not to be colonized by cells and tissues.展开更多
Building simulation(BS)increasingly relies on data-driven models that extract patterns directly from measured data.However,these models often conflate statistical dependency with causal relationship.The idea of a caus...Building simulation(BS)increasingly relies on data-driven models that extract patterns directly from measured data.However,these models often conflate statistical dependency with causal relationship.The idea of a causal lens introduces structural causal diagrams and do-operators to distinguish true causations from spurious associations.The“causal lens”perspective highlights how confounding bias can arise in observational modeling and emphasizes the importance of extracting true causality from building data.This suggests that BS move beyond pattern replication to enable counterfactual reasoning,thereby supporting reliable decision-making.展开更多
Let B be the unit ball in a complex Banach space. Let S^＊k＋1（B） be the family of normalized starlike mappings f on B such that z = 0 is a zero of order k ＋ 1 of f（z） - z. The authors obtain sharp growth and cov...Let B be the unit ball in a complex Banach space. Let S^＊k＋1（B） be the family of normalized starlike mappings f on B such that z = 0 is a zero of order k ＋ 1 of f（z） - z. The authors obtain sharp growth and covering theorems, as well as sharp coefficient bounds for various subsets of S^＊k＋1（B）.展开更多
The pollutant control performance of exhaust hoods plays a crucial role in the indoor air quality and energy consumption of ventilation systems in industrial buildings.To better understand the impact of local ventilat...The pollutant control performance of exhaust hoods plays a crucial role in the indoor air quality and energy consumption of ventilation systems in industrial buildings.To better understand the impact of local ventilation on the industrial indoor environment,this paper presents a literature review of exhaust hood performance and its improvement technologies.To create an index for evaluating the performance of exhaust hoods,the capture velocity,capture efficiency,flow ratio of pollutant emissions and exhaust airflow and energy consumption are first introduced.A number of factors affecting exhaust hood performance are assessed such as hood type,hood opening size,exhaust rate,installation distance,pollution source emission and environmental disturbance.Compared to structural improvement methods,the use of active airflow is a more effective way to improve the exhaust hood performance.The most commonly used methods for determining the exhaust rate are the controlled speed method and the flow ratio method.The use of an exhaust hood with an appropriate exhaust rate and jet parameters(for an active air-assisted hood)can effectively improve the pollutant control performance and reduce the energy consumption that would be wasted on the redundant exhaust rate.With more information focused on exhaust hood performance,this work suggests more effective strategies for improving indoor air quality and reducing energy consumption in industrial buildings.展开更多
The importance of geometrical control of three dimensional(3D)printable concrete without the support of formwork is widely acknowledged.In this study,a numerical model based on computational fluid dynamics was develop...The importance of geometrical control of three dimensional(3D)printable concrete without the support of formwork is widely acknowledged.In this study,a numerical model based on computational fluid dynamics was developed to evaluate the geometrical quality of a 3D printed layer.The numerical results were compared,using image analysis,with physical cross-sectional sawn samples.The influence of printing parameters(printing speed,nozzle height,and nozzle diameter)and the rheological behavior of printed materials(yield stress),on the geometrical quality of one printed layer was investigated.In addition,the yield zone of the printed layer was analyzed,giving insights on the critical factors for geometrical control in 3D concrete printing.Results indicated that the developed model can precisely describe the extrusion process,as well as the cross-sectional quality.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Research Program Foundation of Higher Education in Henan Province(Grant No.24A180027)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2023M741727)+2 种基金the Xinyang Academy of Ecological Research Open Foundation(Grant No.2023XYQN14)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Henan Province(Grant No.202103058)the Major Applied Research Program in Humanities and Social Sciences of Henan Provincial Education Department(Grant No.2022-YYZD-22).
文摘Plant roots and microorganisms are integral to the phosphorus(P)transformation process in forest soils.However,the specific mechanisms by which they affect soil P availability under long-term nitrogen(N)addition remain elusive.Therefore,a long-term N addition experiment was conducted in a temperate forest in China.After 11-year N addition,measurements focused on P fractions,soil microbial biomass(SMB),microbial community(PLFAs),phosphatase activity,fine root biomass(FRB),and fine root biomass P(FRBP).The results demonstrated that N addition significantly decreased Resin-P and total extractable organic P(Po),while having no significant effect on total extractable inorganic P(Pi).Moreover,a strong positive correlation was observed between Resin-P and total extractable Po,suggesting that under N addition,organic P serves as the primary source of soluble P.This implies that continuous N deposition may exhaust the potential P source stored as organic P in forest soils.N addition also led to a reduction in SMB and FRB.Notably,microbial biomass P and FRBP were positively correlated with Resin-P and total extractable Po,indicating that the decrease in SMB and FRB is the main contributor to the decline in soluble P and organic P.Additionally,N addition significantly reduced phosphatase activity,suggesting an inhibition of the organic P hydrolysis process.In conclusion,N addition decreases P input into the soil by reducing SMB and FRB,and inhibits the transformation of different P forms by lowering enzyme activity.Consequently,soil organic P and soluble P decline,further intensifying P limitation.
基金Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52192675 and the 111 Project of China under Grant No.D21001。
文摘Soil nonlinear behavior displays noticeable effects on the site seismic response.This study proposes a new functional expression of the skeleton curve to replace the hyperbolic skeleton curve.By integrating shear modulus and combining the dynamic skeleton curve and the damping degradation coefficient,the constitutive equation of the logarithmic dynamic skeleton can be obtained,which considers the damping effect in a soil dynamics problem.Based on the finite difference method and the multi-transmitting boundary condition,a 1D site seismic response analysis program called Soilresp1D has been developed herein and used to analyze the time-domain seismic response in three types of sites.At the same time,this study also provides numerical simulation results based on the hyperbolic constitutive model and the equivalent linear method.The results verify the rationality of the new soil dynamic constitutive model.It can analyze the mucky soil site nonlinear seismic response,reflecting the deformation characteristics and damping effect of the silty soil.The hysteresis loop area is more extensive,and the residual strain is evident.
基金Received on May 7th,2020revised on September 27th,2020.This project is sponsored by the Open Fund Project of the Key Laboratory of Loess Disasters of the Ministry of Land and Resources(KLGLAMLR201506)the Open Fund Project of the Key Laboratory of Groundwater Engineering and Geothermal Resources of Gansu Province(211826190519).
文摘In order to verify and study the dynamic response law on the double-sided loess slope under the action of the waves generated by automobile traffic,we select a double-sided loess slope from the long section of Anzi Road as the research object.Both field investigations and on-site monitoring processes are conducted,for the purpose of providing robust basis for road protection in these conditions.In detail,vehicleinduced vibration signals are different according to different vehicle types,speeds,as well as positions,and thus are collected,respectively.Based on the statistical analysis of the signals,the vibration response law and frequency spectrum characteristics of the slope are summarized.The results show that:①The dynamic response of the doublesided loess slope increases as the vehicle load increases,and the strong vibration response area is located in the middle of the side slope;②When the vehicle load is small,the vibration wave amplification effect is obvious.On the contrary,when the vehicle load is large,the vibration wave amplification effect is weakened;③The spectrum distribution of the X-direction wave is single-peak shape,and the dominant frequency is concentrated in 30-50 Hz;the frequency spectrum distribution of the Zdirection wave shows a multi-peak shape,and the dominant frequency is concentrated in 20-180 Hz;④The vibration wave propagates in the slope.The frequency change shows little correlation with the type,speed and position of the vehicle,and instead,it is mainly determined by the slope itself.This study reveals the dynamic response on doubled-sided loess slopes and provides both theoretical and practical significance for the road protection in such situations.
文摘Taking a holiday villa district for example, this paper explored the ways of merging traditional dwelling form into modern neighborhood, in the planning and design of this villa district, external space designs of traditional villages were borrowed to stress the construction of traditional spaces, and the layout of road traffi c. It was elaborated that in the design of Chinese residential buildings, not only should Chinese style be applied in the facade design of dwellings, but also traditional dwelling forms should be merged with modern life, so the essence of traditional resident culture can be demonstrated in modern residential areas.
基金Funded by the Nantong Science and Technology Plan Project(No.JC2021172)the Cyan and Blue Project of Universities in Jiangsu Province。
文摘A bidirectional ribbed concrete beam slab structure was widly adopted for the upper space of industrial buildings.To maintain ample space and minimize the presence of conventional columns,a bidirectional prestressed concrete beam is often employed.The intersection node of the prestressed concrete frame beam column was characterized by a high density of steel reinforcement,significant structural loads,and complex construction requirements.To ensure the quality,safety,and progress of prestressed frame beamcolumn intersection nodes during construction,this article proposed a new technology for constructing such nodes,which includes setting the tensioning and haunching ends of nodes at different positions,using ABAQUS finite element software to optimize the design of cross-sectional dimensions,conducting stress analysis simulations.
文摘In order to monitor and forecast the deformation of the brick-concrete building, by taking a brick-concrete building as research object, fiber grating sensors were used to collect the monitoring data and double logarithmic curve of limit value characteristic and monitoring data were obtained based on the fractal theory. Constant dimension fractal method cannot be used to analyze the data directly. With the method of variable dimension fractal, we accumulate data, and the double logarithmic curve is smooth. Piecewise fractal dimensions are close. The outer interpolation method is used to calculate the fractal dimension of the next point and then back calculate the vertical displacement. The relative errors are calculated by comparing the forecast values and monitoring values, and the maximum relative error is 5.76%. The result shows that the fractal theory is suitable to use in the forecast of the deformation and the accuracy is good.
基金financially supported by grant MS SR VEGA 1/0074/17,APVV-16-0029.
文摘Highly ordered nickel and silver nanorods arrays prepared by alumina template assisted electrodeposition were investigated to determine the effect of the array geometry on metal surface hydrophobicity and adhesion forces. The nanorod geometry, clustering and pinning were used to characterize surface hydrophobicity and its modulation. A contribution of metal crystallographic orientation to the surface energy was calculated. To characterize nanorod array surface properties and elucidate the source of the particle adhesion effects has been calculated. The dispersive components of surface tension?γSD?and surface polarizability ks, as surface features that markedly characterize hydrophobicity and adhesion, were calculated. The highest hydrophobicity was found for Ag nanorods with aspect ratio of 10 then Ni nanorods with aspect ratio 10. The same geometry of nanorods particles resulted in different surface hydrophobicity and it was ascribed to the orientation of Ag and Ni crystals formed on the top of nanorods. Due to high hydrophobicity nanorod array surfaces could be used as an antifouling surface in medicine to select areas on implant surface not to be colonized by cells and tissues.
文摘Building simulation(BS)increasingly relies on data-driven models that extract patterns directly from measured data.However,these models often conflate statistical dependency with causal relationship.The idea of a causal lens introduces structural causal diagrams and do-operators to distinguish true causations from spurious associations.The“causal lens”perspective highlights how confounding bias can arise in observational modeling and emphasizes the importance of extracting true causality from building data.This suggests that BS move beyond pattern replication to enable counterfactual reasoning,thereby supporting reliable decision-making.
基金Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Nos.19540205,200717540138,2007).
文摘Let B be the unit ball in a complex Banach space. Let S^＊k＋1（B） be the family of normalized starlike mappings f on B such that z = 0 is a zero of order k ＋ 1 of f（z） - z. The authors obtain sharp growth and covering theorems, as well as sharp coefficient bounds for various subsets of S^＊k＋1（B）.
文摘The pollutant control performance of exhaust hoods plays a crucial role in the indoor air quality and energy consumption of ventilation systems in industrial buildings.To better understand the impact of local ventilation on the industrial indoor environment,this paper presents a literature review of exhaust hood performance and its improvement technologies.To create an index for evaluating the performance of exhaust hoods,the capture velocity,capture efficiency,flow ratio of pollutant emissions and exhaust airflow and energy consumption are first introduced.A number of factors affecting exhaust hood performance are assessed such as hood type,hood opening size,exhaust rate,installation distance,pollution source emission and environmental disturbance.Compared to structural improvement methods,the use of active airflow is a more effective way to improve the exhaust hood performance.The most commonly used methods for determining the exhaust rate are the controlled speed method and the flow ratio method.The use of an exhaust hood with an appropriate exhaust rate and jet parameters(for an active air-assisted hood)can effectively improve the pollutant control performance and reduce the energy consumption that would be wasted on the redundant exhaust rate.With more information focused on exhaust hood performance,this work suggests more effective strategies for improving indoor air quality and reducing energy consumption in industrial buildings.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52008224)the Open Fund of innovation institute for Sustainable Maritime Architecture Research and Technology(iSMART),Qingdao University of Technology(No.2020-031)+1 种基金the Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong(No.2019GSF110004)the financial support received from the Industrial Research Fund(IOF.PRO.2022.0010.01)from Ghent University.
文摘The importance of geometrical control of three dimensional(3D)printable concrete without the support of formwork is widely acknowledged.In this study,a numerical model based on computational fluid dynamics was developed to evaluate the geometrical quality of a 3D printed layer.The numerical results were compared,using image analysis,with physical cross-sectional sawn samples.The influence of printing parameters(printing speed,nozzle height,and nozzle diameter)and the rheological behavior of printed materials(yield stress),on the geometrical quality of one printed layer was investigated.In addition,the yield zone of the printed layer was analyzed,giving insights on the critical factors for geometrical control in 3D concrete printing.Results indicated that the developed model can precisely describe the extrusion process,as well as the cross-sectional quality.
