In the last ten years,‘nature’and biophilic design have received widespread attention in architecture,especially in response to growing environmental challenges.However,open questions and controversies remain regard...In the last ten years,‘nature’and biophilic design have received widespread attention in architecture,especially in response to growing environmental challenges.However,open questions and controversies remain regarding conceptualizing and addressing‘nature’in practice and research.This study conducts a literature review to discuss biophilic design as a theoretical framework to interpret‘nature’in architecture.The following questions are answered:(1)How has the concept of biophilic design emerged,and how can it be defined?(2)In what ways can biophilic design contribute to the goals of sustainable architecture?(3)What are the key design strategies in biophilic design?This review identifies and compares the key frameworks of biophilic design and explains their major elements.We then analyse the benefits(e.g.,enhance health,well-being,productivity,biodiversity,and circularity)of biophilic design in achieving sustainability,as framed through the UN Sustainable Development Goals.The results indicate that biophilic design is more complex and richer than the mere application of vegetation in buildings;it broadens the variety through encompassing different types of nature from physical,sensory,metaphorical,morphological,material to spiritual.Moreover,knowledge gaps are identified to motivate future research and critical reflections on biophilic design practices.展开更多
In the transition to a more sustainable built environment over the last two decades,the“greening”of architecture as a popular approach has received widespread attention.However,there are still many open questions an...In the transition to a more sustainable built environment over the last two decades,the“greening”of architecture as a popular approach has received widespread attention.However,there are still many open questions and contradictions regarding how to design with“nature”and contribute to sustainability.In addition,explorations of built examples are rare,and three-dimensional(3D)green spaces in buildings are often overlooked.Therefore,we introduce“green pockets”(3D green spaces)as a typology distinct from two-dimensional green roofs and walls/facades.We draw on a mixed-method approach to study two cases(Erasmus MC and Hotel Jakarta),comprising 12 semi-structured interviews with different stakeholders,design document analysis,and site observation.We develop a critical reflection(a framework)on the impacts of“green architecture”on sustainability from unpacked benefits and adopt a biophilic design framework to analyse designing with“nature”in architectural practice.These findings demonstrate that green pockets contribute to integrating multiple experiences of“nature”into buildings and developing sustainable architecture.Designing green pockets with visibility,accessibility,and spatial characteristics(e.g.,prospect and refuge,organised complexity,peril,and mystery)of“nature”improves building quality.Furthermore,we provide design recommendations to advance green pocket designs and make suggestions for future research.展开更多
The architectural form of the façade determines its identity as well as interactions with micro-climate forces of the ambient environment,such as solar radiation.The dynamic nature of daylight and occupants’posi...The architectural form of the façade determines its identity as well as interactions with micro-climate forces of the ambient environment,such as solar radiation.The dynamic nature of daylight and occupants’positions can cause some issues such as heat gains and visual discomfort,which need to be controlled in real-time operation.Improving daylight performance and preventing visual discomfort for multiple occupants simultaneously is challenging.However,integrating the biomimicry principles of morphological adaptation with dynamic,complex fenestration,and human-in-loop systems can lead us to find an optimal solution.This research builds on relevant literature study,biomimicry morphological approaches,and parametric simulations,to develop a bio-inspired interactive kinetic façade for improving multiple occupants’visual comfort simultaneously,inspired by plant’s stomata movement and behavior principles.Learning from the transitory stage and hunting new position of stomata’s patchy patterns,leads us to identify the dynamic transitory-sensitive area of attraction point on the façade that is triggered by the dynamic sun-timing position and multiple occupants.The annual climate-based metrics and luminance-based metric simulation results of 810 bioinspired interactive kinetic façade alternatives prove that the elastic-deformable-complexkinetic form triggered by the dynamic transitory-sensitive area can improve the visual comfort of multiple occupants simultaneously.In particular,the bio-inspired interactive kinetic façade with grid division 8x1 displays extraordinary daylight performance for south direction that prevents visual discomfort by keeping cases in the imperceptible range while providing an adequate average Spatial Daylight Autonomy of 60.5%,Useful Daylight illuminance of 90.47%,and Exceed Useful Daylight illuminance of 2.94%.展开更多
An increase in ambient air temperature due to climate change can adversely affect indoor thermal conditions,particularly in heritage-listed dwellings,as renovation efforts may be limited by preservation constraints,po...An increase in ambient air temperature due to climate change can adversely affect indoor thermal conditions,particularly in heritage-listed dwellings,as renovation efforts may be limited by preservation constraints,potentially leading to indoor overheating for occupants.Incorporating heritage-listed dwellings into the climate change adaptation strategies is essential.Heritage-listed dwellings exhibit varying preservation constraints,with character-defining elements differing across cases.A literature review indicates a deficiency in research regarding climate change adaptation for lilong houses,which are two-to three-storey terrace houses featuring timber-brick structures,predominantly constructed in late 19th and early 20th century Shanghai,and recognised as significant urban heritage of the city.Through building energy simulations,this article examines the climate change adaptation of heritage-listed apartment-style lilong houses in Shanghai.Overheating hours and degree hours are utilised to assess indoor overheating conditions.Three scenarios for the preservation of the building envelope are proposed:(1)preservation of walls,(2)preservation of windows,(3)preservation of the roof.There are five categories of climate change adaptation measures.The findings indicate that substantial reductions can be attained by implementing a single preservation scenario customised to the character-defining elements and preservation constraints of heritage-listed dwellings.The most significant decrease in the number of overheating hours is observed in the wall preservation scenario,with a reduction of 69%,followed by a 53%reduction in the roof preservation scenario and a 31%reduction in the window preservation scenario.The proposed preservation scenarios enable the improvement in building indoor thermal conditions without compromising heritage preservation.展开更多
文摘In the last ten years,‘nature’and biophilic design have received widespread attention in architecture,especially in response to growing environmental challenges.However,open questions and controversies remain regarding conceptualizing and addressing‘nature’in practice and research.This study conducts a literature review to discuss biophilic design as a theoretical framework to interpret‘nature’in architecture.The following questions are answered:(1)How has the concept of biophilic design emerged,and how can it be defined?(2)In what ways can biophilic design contribute to the goals of sustainable architecture?(3)What are the key design strategies in biophilic design?This review identifies and compares the key frameworks of biophilic design and explains their major elements.We then analyse the benefits(e.g.,enhance health,well-being,productivity,biodiversity,and circularity)of biophilic design in achieving sustainability,as framed through the UN Sustainable Development Goals.The results indicate that biophilic design is more complex and richer than the mere application of vegetation in buildings;it broadens the variety through encompassing different types of nature from physical,sensory,metaphorical,morphological,material to spiritual.Moreover,knowledge gaps are identified to motivate future research and critical reflections on biophilic design practices.
文摘In the transition to a more sustainable built environment over the last two decades,the“greening”of architecture as a popular approach has received widespread attention.However,there are still many open questions and contradictions regarding how to design with“nature”and contribute to sustainability.In addition,explorations of built examples are rare,and three-dimensional(3D)green spaces in buildings are often overlooked.Therefore,we introduce“green pockets”(3D green spaces)as a typology distinct from two-dimensional green roofs and walls/facades.We draw on a mixed-method approach to study two cases(Erasmus MC and Hotel Jakarta),comprising 12 semi-structured interviews with different stakeholders,design document analysis,and site observation.We develop a critical reflection(a framework)on the impacts of“green architecture”on sustainability from unpacked benefits and adopt a biophilic design framework to analyse designing with“nature”in architectural practice.These findings demonstrate that green pockets contribute to integrating multiple experiences of“nature”into buildings and developing sustainable architecture.Designing green pockets with visibility,accessibility,and spatial characteristics(e.g.,prospect and refuge,organised complexity,peril,and mystery)of“nature”improves building quality.Furthermore,we provide design recommendations to advance green pocket designs and make suggestions for future research.
文摘The architectural form of the façade determines its identity as well as interactions with micro-climate forces of the ambient environment,such as solar radiation.The dynamic nature of daylight and occupants’positions can cause some issues such as heat gains and visual discomfort,which need to be controlled in real-time operation.Improving daylight performance and preventing visual discomfort for multiple occupants simultaneously is challenging.However,integrating the biomimicry principles of morphological adaptation with dynamic,complex fenestration,and human-in-loop systems can lead us to find an optimal solution.This research builds on relevant literature study,biomimicry morphological approaches,and parametric simulations,to develop a bio-inspired interactive kinetic façade for improving multiple occupants’visual comfort simultaneously,inspired by plant’s stomata movement and behavior principles.Learning from the transitory stage and hunting new position of stomata’s patchy patterns,leads us to identify the dynamic transitory-sensitive area of attraction point on the façade that is triggered by the dynamic sun-timing position and multiple occupants.The annual climate-based metrics and luminance-based metric simulation results of 810 bioinspired interactive kinetic façade alternatives prove that the elastic-deformable-complexkinetic form triggered by the dynamic transitory-sensitive area can improve the visual comfort of multiple occupants simultaneously.In particular,the bio-inspired interactive kinetic façade with grid division 8x1 displays extraordinary daylight performance for south direction that prevents visual discomfort by keeping cases in the imperceptible range while providing an adequate average Spatial Daylight Autonomy of 60.5%,Useful Daylight illuminance of 90.47%,and Exceed Useful Daylight illuminance of 2.94%.
基金financially supported by the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201606130059).
文摘An increase in ambient air temperature due to climate change can adversely affect indoor thermal conditions,particularly in heritage-listed dwellings,as renovation efforts may be limited by preservation constraints,potentially leading to indoor overheating for occupants.Incorporating heritage-listed dwellings into the climate change adaptation strategies is essential.Heritage-listed dwellings exhibit varying preservation constraints,with character-defining elements differing across cases.A literature review indicates a deficiency in research regarding climate change adaptation for lilong houses,which are two-to three-storey terrace houses featuring timber-brick structures,predominantly constructed in late 19th and early 20th century Shanghai,and recognised as significant urban heritage of the city.Through building energy simulations,this article examines the climate change adaptation of heritage-listed apartment-style lilong houses in Shanghai.Overheating hours and degree hours are utilised to assess indoor overheating conditions.Three scenarios for the preservation of the building envelope are proposed:(1)preservation of walls,(2)preservation of windows,(3)preservation of the roof.There are five categories of climate change adaptation measures.The findings indicate that substantial reductions can be attained by implementing a single preservation scenario customised to the character-defining elements and preservation constraints of heritage-listed dwellings.The most significant decrease in the number of overheating hours is observed in the wall preservation scenario,with a reduction of 69%,followed by a 53%reduction in the roof preservation scenario and a 31%reduction in the window preservation scenario.The proposed preservation scenarios enable the improvement in building indoor thermal conditions without compromising heritage preservation.
