Background The development of a sustainable business model with social acceptance,makes necessary to develop new strategies to guarantee the growth,health,and well-being of farmed animals.Debaryomyces hansenii is a ye...Background The development of a sustainable business model with social acceptance,makes necessary to develop new strategies to guarantee the growth,health,and well-being of farmed animals.Debaryomyces hansenii is a yeast species that can be used as a probiotic in aquaculture due to its capacity to i)promote cell proliferation and differen-tiation,ii)have immunostimulatory effects,iii)modulate gut microbiota,and/or iv)enhance the digestive function.To provide inside into the effects of D.hansenii on juveniles of gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)condition,we inte-grated the evaluation of the main key performance indicators coupled with the integrative analysis of the intestine condition,through histological and microbiota state,and its transcriptomic profiling.Results After 70 days of a nutritional trial in which a diet with low levels of fishmeal(7%)was supplemented with 1.1%of D.hansenii(17.2×10^(5) CFU),an increase of ca.12%in somatic growth was observed together with an improve-ment in feed conversion in fish fed a yeast-supplemented diet.In terms of intestinal condition,this probiotic modu-lated gut microbiota without affecting the intestine cell organization,whereas an increase in the staining intensity of mucins rich in carboxylated and weakly sulphated glycoconjugates coupled with changes in the affinity for certain lectins were noted in goblet cells.Changes in microbiota were characterized by the reduction in abundance of several groups of Proteobacteria,especially those characterized as opportunistic groups.The microarrays-based transcrip-tomic analysis found 232 differential expressed genes in the anterior-mid intestine of S.aurata,that were mostly related to metabolic,antioxidant,immune,and symbiotic processes.Conclusions Dietary administration of D.hansenii enhanced somatic growth and improved feed efficiency param-eters,results that were coupled to an improvement of intestinal condition as histochemical and transcriptomic tools indicated.This probiotic yeast stimulated host-microbiota interactions without altering the intestinal cell organization nor generating dysbiosis,which demonstrated its safety as a feed additive.At the transcriptomic level,D.hansenii pro-moted metabolic pathways,mainly protein-related,sphingolipid,and thymidylate pathways,in addition to enhance antioxidant-related intestinal mechanisms,and to regulate sentinel immune processes,potentiating the defensive capacity meanwhile maintaining the homeostatic status of the intestine.展开更多
The effects of different dietary lipid levels on lipid accumulation,inflammatory response,serum bio-chemical index and histological features of intestine and hepatopancreas of O.macrolepis was experimentally evaluated...The effects of different dietary lipid levels on lipid accumulation,inflammatory response,serum bio-chemical index and histological features of intestine and hepatopancreas of O.macrolepis was experimentally evaluated in an eight-weeks study.Fish(initial weight 50.11±2.86 g)were fed with five iso-nitrogenous diets(around 390 g/kg protein)varying with lipid level(5%,7%,9%,11%,13%,being LL5,LL7,LL9,LL11,and LL13 respectively)in triplicates.Results showed that the content of crude lipid in carcass and hepatopancreas were not affected by dietary lipid levels(P>0.05).Serum ALT,TP,HDL-c and MDA,etc.,were not significantly affected by diets(P>0.05),while serum total antioxidant capacity in LL9 and LL11 groups were significantly higher than the other groups(P<0.05).Histological features of hepatopancreas and intestine showed no significant difference among the five diets(P>0.05),while the height of intestine villus showed the higher trend in LL9 compared with other groups.The relative expression of lipid metabolism related genes(pparα,cpt-1α,fas,and hsl)and immune response related genes(tlr 22,nrf 2,tnfα,and il-γ)in the hepatopancreas of fish fed diets differing in their crude lipid levels were not significantly different(P>0.05).The results suggested that a proper dietary lipid level of 9%-11%could maintain higher antioxidant and health status of adult O.macrolepis.展开更多
基金financed through the DIETAplus project of JACUMAR(Junta de Cultivos Marinos,MAPAMASpanish government),which is cofunded with FEMP funds(EU)+3 种基金funded by means of grants from the Spanish Government:PID2019-106878RB-I00 and IS was granted with a Postdoctoral fellowship(FJC2020-043933-I)support of Fondecyt iniciación(project number 11221308)Fondecyt regular(project number 11221308)grants(Agencia Nacional de Investigacióny Desarrollo de Chile,Government of Chile),respectivelythe framework of the network LARVAplus“Strategies for the development and im-provement of fish larvae production in Ibero-America”(117RT0521)funded by the Ibero-American Program of Science and Technology for Development(CYTED,Spain)。
文摘Background The development of a sustainable business model with social acceptance,makes necessary to develop new strategies to guarantee the growth,health,and well-being of farmed animals.Debaryomyces hansenii is a yeast species that can be used as a probiotic in aquaculture due to its capacity to i)promote cell proliferation and differen-tiation,ii)have immunostimulatory effects,iii)modulate gut microbiota,and/or iv)enhance the digestive function.To provide inside into the effects of D.hansenii on juveniles of gilthead seabream(Sparus aurata)condition,we inte-grated the evaluation of the main key performance indicators coupled with the integrative analysis of the intestine condition,through histological and microbiota state,and its transcriptomic profiling.Results After 70 days of a nutritional trial in which a diet with low levels of fishmeal(7%)was supplemented with 1.1%of D.hansenii(17.2×10^(5) CFU),an increase of ca.12%in somatic growth was observed together with an improve-ment in feed conversion in fish fed a yeast-supplemented diet.In terms of intestinal condition,this probiotic modu-lated gut microbiota without affecting the intestine cell organization,whereas an increase in the staining intensity of mucins rich in carboxylated and weakly sulphated glycoconjugates coupled with changes in the affinity for certain lectins were noted in goblet cells.Changes in microbiota were characterized by the reduction in abundance of several groups of Proteobacteria,especially those characterized as opportunistic groups.The microarrays-based transcrip-tomic analysis found 232 differential expressed genes in the anterior-mid intestine of S.aurata,that were mostly related to metabolic,antioxidant,immune,and symbiotic processes.Conclusions Dietary administration of D.hansenii enhanced somatic growth and improved feed efficiency param-eters,results that were coupled to an improvement of intestinal condition as histochemical and transcriptomic tools indicated.This probiotic yeast stimulated host-microbiota interactions without altering the intestinal cell organization nor generating dysbiosis,which demonstrated its safety as a feed additive.At the transcriptomic level,D.hansenii pro-moted metabolic pathways,mainly protein-related,sphingolipid,and thymidylate pathways,in addition to enhance antioxidant-related intestinal mechanisms,and to regulate sentinel immune processes,potentiating the defensive capacity meanwhile maintaining the homeostatic status of the intestine.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD0900200)Special R&D Program Project of Chinese Academy of Se-enriched Industry(2019ZKG-1)+1 种基金Key R&D plan of Shaanxi Province(2018ZDXM-NY-045)Shaanxi Special plan project of technological innovation guidance(2022QFY12-03).
文摘The effects of different dietary lipid levels on lipid accumulation,inflammatory response,serum bio-chemical index and histological features of intestine and hepatopancreas of O.macrolepis was experimentally evaluated in an eight-weeks study.Fish(initial weight 50.11±2.86 g)were fed with five iso-nitrogenous diets(around 390 g/kg protein)varying with lipid level(5%,7%,9%,11%,13%,being LL5,LL7,LL9,LL11,and LL13 respectively)in triplicates.Results showed that the content of crude lipid in carcass and hepatopancreas were not affected by dietary lipid levels(P>0.05).Serum ALT,TP,HDL-c and MDA,etc.,were not significantly affected by diets(P>0.05),while serum total antioxidant capacity in LL9 and LL11 groups were significantly higher than the other groups(P<0.05).Histological features of hepatopancreas and intestine showed no significant difference among the five diets(P>0.05),while the height of intestine villus showed the higher trend in LL9 compared with other groups.The relative expression of lipid metabolism related genes(pparα,cpt-1α,fas,and hsl)and immune response related genes(tlr 22,nrf 2,tnfα,and il-γ)in the hepatopancreas of fish fed diets differing in their crude lipid levels were not significantly different(P>0.05).The results suggested that a proper dietary lipid level of 9%-11%could maintain higher antioxidant and health status of adult O.macrolepis.
