In this article, two relaxation time limits, namely, the momentum relaxation time limit and the energy relaxation time limit are considered. By the compactness argument, it is obtained that the smooth solutions of the...In this article, two relaxation time limits, namely, the momentum relaxation time limit and the energy relaxation time limit are considered. By the compactness argument, it is obtained that the smooth solutions of the multidimensional nonisentropic Euler-Poisson problem converge to the solutions of an energy transport model or a drift diffusion model, respectively, with respect to different time scales.展开更多
In this paper, a theory on the determination of the diffusion coefficient of excess minority carriers in the base of a silicon solar cell is presented. The diffusion coefficient expression has been established and is ...In this paper, a theory on the determination of the diffusion coefficient of excess minority carriers in the base of a silicon solar cell is presented. The diffusion coefficient expression has been established and is related to both frequency modulation and applied magnetic field;the study is then carried out using the impedance spectroscopy method and Bode diagrams. From the diffusion coefficient, we deduced the diffusion length and the minority carriers’ mobility. Electric parameters were derived from the diffusion coefficient equivalent circuits.展开更多
AIM： To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori （H pylori） among dyspeptic patients and to assess the relationship between Hpylori infection, blood group, HIV infection and life style of the patients. METH...AIM： To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori （H pylori） among dyspeptic patients and to assess the relationship between Hpylori infection, blood group, HIV infection and life style of the patients. METHODS： In a hospital-based cross-sectional study, patients attending Outpatient Department of University of Gondar Hospital were enrolled. Socio-demographic information was collected using questionnaires. Serum was analyzed for anti-H pylori IgG antibodies using a commercial kit. HIV serostatus was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Blood grouping was performed by slide agglutination tests. RESULTS： A total of 215 dyspeptic patients were included in the study. One hundred and sixteen patients （54%） were females and 99 （46%） were males. Anti-H pylori IgG antibodies were detected in sera of 184 （85.6%） patients. The prevalence was significantly higher in patients aged 50 years and above. Twenty point five percent of the patients were found to be seropositive for HIV. No significant association was found between sex, ABO blood groups, consumption of spicy diets, socioeconomic status and seropositivity for Hpylori. However,alcohol consumption was significantly associated with H pylori serology. CONCLUSION： The prevalence of H pylori infection is associated with a history of alcohol intake and older age. The effect of different diet, alcohol and socioeconomic status as risk factors for H pylori infection needs further study.展开更多
Photovoltaic(PV)power forecasting is essential for balancing energy supply and demand in renewable energy systems.However,the performance of PV panels varies across different technologies due to differences in efficie...Photovoltaic(PV)power forecasting is essential for balancing energy supply and demand in renewable energy systems.However,the performance of PV panels varies across different technologies due to differences in efficiency and how they process solar radiation.This study evaluates the effectiveness of deep learning models in predicting PV power generation for three panel technologies:Hybrid-Si,Mono-Si,and Poly-Si,across three forecasting horizons:1-step,12-step,and 24-step.Among the tested models,the Convolutional Neural Network—Long Short-Term Memory(CNN-LSTM)architecture exhibited superior performance,particularly for the 24-step horizon,achieving R^(2)=0.9793 and MAE 0.0162 for the Poly-Si array,followed by Mono-Si(R^(2)=0.9768)and Hybrid-Si arrays(R^(2)=0.9769).These findings demonstrate that the CNN-LSTM model can provide accurate and reliable PV power predictions for all studied technologies.By identifying the most suitable predictive model for each panel technology,this study contributes to optimizing PV power forecasting and improving energy management strategies.展开更多
Background:Fever is characterized by an upregulation of the thermoregulatory set-point after the body encounters any pathological challenge.It is accompanied by uncomfortable sickness behaviors and may be harmful in p...Background:Fever is characterized by an upregulation of the thermoregulatory set-point after the body encounters any pathological challenge.It is accompanied by uncomfortable sickness behaviors and may be harmful in patients with other comor-bidities.We have explored the impact of an Ayurvedic medicine,Fevogrit,in an endo-toxin(lipopolysaccharide)-induced fever model in Wistar rats.Methods:Active phytoconstituents of Fevogrit were identified and quantified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography(UHPLC)platform.For the in-vivo study,fever was induced in male Wistar rats by the intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide(LPS),obtained from Escherichia coli.The animals were allocated to normal control,disease control,Paracetamol treated and Fevogrit treated groups.The rectal temperature of animals was recorded at different time points using a digital thermometer.At the 6-h time point,levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 cytokines were analyzed in serum.Additionally,the mRNA expression of these cytokines was deter-mined in hypothalamus,24 h post-LPS administration.Results:UHPLC analysis of Fevogrit revealed the presence of picroside I,picroside II,vanillic acid,cinnamic acid,magnoflorine and cordifolioside A,as bioactive constitu-ents with known anti-inflammatory properties.Fevogrit treatment efficiently reduces the LPS-induced rise in the rectal temperature of animals.The levels and gene ex-pression of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in serum and hypothalamus,respectively,was also significantly reduced by Fevogrit treatment.Conclusion:The findings of the study demonstrated that Fevogrit can suppress LPS-induced fever by inhibiting peripheral or central inflammatory signaling pathways and could well be a viable treatment for infection-induced increase in body temperatures.展开更多
The incidence of large bone defects caused by traumatic injury is increasing worldwide,and the tissue regeneration process requires a long recovery time due to limited self-healing capability.Endogenous bioelectrical ...The incidence of large bone defects caused by traumatic injury is increasing worldwide,and the tissue regeneration process requires a long recovery time due to limited self-healing capability.Endogenous bioelectrical phenomena have been well recognized as critical biophysical factors in bone remodeling and regeneration.Inspired by bioelectricity,electrical stimulation has been widely considered an external intervention to induce the osteogenic lineage of cells and enhance the synthesis of the extracellular matrix,thereby accelerating bone regeneration.With ongoing advances in biomaterials and energy-harvesting techniques,electroactive biomaterials and self-powered systems have been considered biomimetic approaches to ensure functional recovery by recapitulating the natural electrophysiological microenvironment of healthy bone tissue.In this review,we first introduce the role of bioelectricity and the endogenous electric field in bone tissue and summarize different techniques to electrically stimulate cells and tissue.Next,we highlight the latest progress in exploring electroactive hybrid biomaterials as well as self-powered systems such as triboelectric and piezoelectric-based nanogenerators and photovoltaic cell-based devices and their implementation in bone tissue engineering.Finally,we emphasize the significance of simulating the target tissue’s electrophysiological microenvironment and propose the opportunities and challenges faced by electroactive hybrid biomaterials and self-powered bioelectronics for bone repair strategies.展开更多
Current research primarily focuses on emerging organic pollutants,with limited attention to emerging inorganic pollutants (EIPs).However,due to advances in detection technology and the escalating environmental and hea...Current research primarily focuses on emerging organic pollutants,with limited attention to emerging inorganic pollutants (EIPs).However,due to advances in detection technology and the escalating environmental and health challenges posed by pollution,there is a growing interest in treating waters contaminated with EIPs.This paper explores biochar characteristics and modification methods,encompassing physical,chemical,and biological approaches for adsorbing EIPs.It offers a comprehensive review of research advancements in employing biochar for EIPs remediation in water,outlines the adsorption mechanisms of EIPs by biochar,and presents an environmental and economic analysis.It can be concluded that using biochar for the adsorption of EIPs in wastewater exhibits promising potential.Nonetheless,it is noteworthy that certain EIPs like Au(III),Rh(III),Ir(III),Ru(III),Os(III),Sc(III),and Y(III),have not been extensively investigated regarding their adsorption onto biochar.This comprehensive review will catalyze further inquiry into the biochar-based adsorption of EIPs,addressing current research deficiencies and advancing the practical implementation of biochar as a potent substrate for EIP removal from wastewater streams.展开更多
Located in Southeastern Chad. The Iro lake offers a great opportunity for the study of Precambrian formations and their Phanerozoic cover. Pluton is a Cal-alkaline granite. Due to its geographical location and geologi...Located in Southeastern Chad. The Iro lake offers a great opportunity for the study of Precambrian formations and their Phanerozoic cover. Pluton is a Cal-alkaline granite. Due to its geographical location and geological features, it holds crucial information for understanding the evolution of the Saharan Meta craton (central Africa), which remains poorly studied. One of the objectives is to map the formations Precambrian age in Southeastern Chad. Based on the petrographic and geochemical results, we identified granitoids of pan-African age (biotite granite, aplite granite and pegmatite granite). This Precambrian basement is covered with sedimentary formations (clays, argillites, lateritic cuirasses, etc.). The mineral assemblage is characteristic of acid rocks. Geochemistry reveals rocks with a high SiO2 range (62% - 77%) giving sub-alkaline to calc-alkaline acid rocks with high k (4.62% to 6.39%). The granitoids are classified as S-type hyperaluminous granites. This classification is supported by the presence of peraluminous minerals (e.g., muscovite) within the Iro granitoids, which also have high (>1%). Geochemical variation within the granites is largely due to extensive crystal fractionation. The Pattern of REEs normalized to the primitive mantle shows a pronounced negative Eu anomaly, reflecting the crystallization process and fractional crystallization of plagioclase in the rock, and a positive Yb anomaly. The role of plagioclase fractionation was relatively major during the earlier intrusive stages (consistent with the presence of Eu anomalies) and slightly increased, together with biotite and K-feldspar fractionation, during the later (granitic) rock crystallization. The Pattern of the spider normalized to MORBs shows two pronounced negative anomalies in TiO2 and Cs and a slight negative anomaly in Ba. The loss of Ba, Ti and Cs may be caused by the plagioclase fractionation, apatite and ilmenite crystal. The Ba anomaly is also controlled by the presence of K-feldspar and mica. The observed Ti anomalies are due to the fractionation of magnetite indicating a subduction environment (or remelting of a source from a subduction environment).展开更多
The study of the morphometric parameters of the three most abundant species in the lower course of the Kouilou River (Chrysichthys auratus, Liza falcipinnis and Pellonula vorax) was carried out. The standard length of...The study of the morphometric parameters of the three most abundant species in the lower course of the Kouilou River (Chrysichthys auratus, Liza falcipinnis and Pellonula vorax) was carried out. The standard length of Chrysichthys auratus varies between 43.57 and 210 mm, for an average of 96.70 ± 28.63 mm;the weight varies between 2.92 and 140.83 mg, an average of 73.03 ± 21.62 mg. The condition coefficient is equal to 4.42 ± 1.52. Liza falcipinnis has a standard length which varies between 59.9 mm and 158.08 mm for an average of 88.15 ± 29.74 mm;its weight varies between 4.77 and 76.21 mg, an average of 18.61 ± 11.82 mg. The condition coefficient is equal to 2.47 ± 1.57. Pellonula vorax has a standard length which varies between 60.33 mm and 117.72 mm;for an average of 80.48 ± 17.75 mm;the weight varies between 3.61 and 25.17 mg, an average of 9.03 ± 3.61 mg. The condition coefficient is equal to 2.17 ± 0.57. These three species have a minor allometric growth.展开更多
The entomofauna in the Republic of Congo is very little known. Studies carried out in natural forests are few. It is in this context that this inventory of entomofauna was carried out from April to July 2022 in the Sc...The entomofauna in the Republic of Congo is very little known. Studies carried out in natural forests are few. It is in this context that this inventory of entomofauna was carried out from April to July 2022 in the Scientific City Forest. The general objective is to contribute to the knowledge of the trapping, mowing and sight hunting;the three types of traps used are: Barber pots, colored plates and aerial traps. This study made it possible to invent 1523 specimens belonging to 106 species, 99 genera, 59 families and 12 orders. The order Diptera is the most abundant and richest in species (47% and 26%). This order is followed by Hymenoptera (23% and 23%). Formicidae (14%) and Calliphoridae (13%) are the most abundant families. The Formicidae family presents the greatest species richness (7%), Calliphora sp and Polyrhachis cyaniventris present the highest specific relative abundance of the entire collection. These preliminary results of the entomofauna of Scientific City constitute a database. However, this study must be continued and extended to other areas of Brazzaville, using other capture techniques and taking into account the seasons.展开更多
Background:In today’s context,vegetable oils,commonly used in culinary practices such as frying and baking,are integral to numerous daily dietary choices.Palm oil,a frequently employed vegetable oil,raises concerns s...Background:In today’s context,vegetable oils,commonly used in culinary practices such as frying and baking,are integral to numerous daily dietary choices.Palm oil,a frequently employed vegetable oil,raises concerns surrounding food safety,thus presenting a significant challenge.Methods:This research aims to enhance consumer awareness regarding the potential health risks associated with 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol(3-MCPD)and glycidyl fatty acid esters(GEs)commonly found in food and edible oil products.The study endeavours to apprise consumers of these health risks through a comprehensive survey.The survey enlisted the participation of 120 respondents within the age bracket of 18 years to those above 36 years(capped at 50 years).Results:Strikingly,a significant proportion,ranging from 88%to 89%,demonstrated a lack of awareness concerning the potential risks associated with 3-MCPD and GEs in food products.Conclusion:This study underscores the urgency of augmenting consumer's awareness levels regarding 3-MCPD and GEs.Furthermore,it promotes a more detailed examination of Malaysian edible oils and food products available in the market to establish an appropriate Tolerable Daily Intake for the Malaysian population.This research contributes to the broader discourse on food safety and public health by highlighting these crucial facets.展开更多
This study introduces an Edge-Based Data Hiding and Extraction Algorithm(EBDHEA)to address the problem of data embedding in images while preserving robust security and high image quality.The algorithm produces three c...This study introduces an Edge-Based Data Hiding and Extraction Algorithm(EBDHEA)to address the problem of data embedding in images while preserving robust security and high image quality.The algorithm produces three classes of pixels from the pixels in the cover image:edges found by the Canny edge detection method,pixels arising from the expansion of neighboring edge pixels,and pixels that are neither edges nor components of the neighboring edge pixels.The number of Least Significant Bits(LSBs)that are used to hide data depends on these classifications.Furthermore,the lossless compression method,Huffman coding,improves image data capacity.To increase the security of the steganographic process,secret messages are encrypted using the XOR encryption technique before being embedded.Metrics such as the Mean Squared Error(MSE),Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR),and Structural Similarity Index Measure(SSIM)are used to assess the efficacy of this algorithm and are compared to previous methods.The findings demonstrate that the suggested approach achieves high similarity between the original and modified images with a maximum PSNR of 60.7 dB for a payload of 18,750 bytes,a maximum SSIM of 0.999 for a payload of 314,572.8 bytes,and a maximum Video Information Fidelity(VIF)of 0.95 for a payload of 23,592 bytes.Normalized Cross-Correlation(NCC)values are very close to 1.In addition,the performance of EBDHEA is implemented on Secure Medical Image Transmission as a real-world example,and the performance is tested against three types of attacks:RS Steganalysis,Chi-square attack,and visual attack,and compared with two deep learning models,such as SRNet and XuNet.展开更多
Oxygenated fuels can reduce harmful emissions without affecting engine performance,meeting the big challenge in the transportation industry,which keeps the environment safe and reduces global warming.This study invest...Oxygenated fuels can reduce harmful emissions without affecting engine performance,meeting the big challenge in the transportation industry,which keeps the environment safe and reduces global warming.This study investigates the impact of biodiesel injection strategies and fuel injection pressures(FIP)on diesel engine exhaust emission characteristics.The engine is fuelled with 20%Jatropha biodiesel(JB)and 80%diesel,named JB20D.The ratios of fuel injection pressures started with injecting the fuel(diesel and JB20D)from 200 bar to 500 bar.The experimental outcomes indicate that the engine performance of brake-specific fuel consumption increased by 21.36%from the burning of JB20D compared with diesel,while brake thermal efficiency improved by 6.54%for low and high FIP compared to the diesel.The high fuel injection pressures slightly decrease the nitrogen oxide(NOX)emissions for both diesel and biodiesel.The emissions of NOX decreased from the combustion of JB20D by 18.7%under high fuel injection pressures compared to diesel.The concentration of soot particulate decreased by 20.4%form JB20D combustion than those combusted from diesel fuel.展开更多
Mycotoxins,toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungus including Aspergillus,Penicillium,and Fusarium,pose considerable threats to food safety and human health worldwide.This review analyzes the main categories of ...Mycotoxins,toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungus including Aspergillus,Penicillium,and Fusarium,pose considerable threats to food safety and human health worldwide.This review analyzes the main categories of mycotoxins—namely aflatoxins,ochratoxins,and fusarium toxins(zearalenone and fumonisins)—along with their health implications,sources of contamination,and environmental circumstances conducive to their production.The document highlights the pressing necessity for efficient management techniques and investigates the use of food polymer-based nanotechnology as an innovative solution.Biopolymeric nanoparticles produced from natural food materials exhibit notable antibacterial characteristics,biodegradability,and the ability to enhance mycotoxin detection and management.This review emphasizes the transformative capacity of nanotechnology based innovative strategies in improving mycotoxin control,providing insights into emerging research avenues and practical applications to bolster food safety systems and keyword co-occurrence analysis,limitations and future perspectives.展开更多
Spinal cord injury presents a significant challenge in regenerative medicine due to the complex and deli-cate nature of neural tissue repair.This study aims to design a conductive hydrogel embedded with magnetic MgFe_...Spinal cord injury presents a significant challenge in regenerative medicine due to the complex and deli-cate nature of neural tissue repair.This study aims to design a conductive hydrogel embedded with magnetic MgFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles to establish a bioelectrically active and spatially stable microenvironment that promotes spinal cord regeneration through computational analysis(BIOVIA Materials Studio).Hydrogels,known for their biocompatibility and extracellular matrix-mimicking properties,support essential cellular behaviors such as adhesion,proliferation,and migration.The integration of MgFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles imparts both electrical conductivity and magnetic responsiveness,enabling controlled transmission of electrical signals that are crucial for guiding cellular processes like differentiation and directed migration.Furthermore,the hydrogel acts as a delivery medium,facilitating the adsorption of MgFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles onto spinal tissue through strong Van der Waals and intramolecular interactions.The computational simulations revealed a robust adsorption profile,with a binding distance of 20.180Åand a cumulative adsorption energy of 2740.42 kcal/mol,indicating stable nanoparticle-tissue interactions.Pressure-dependent sorption analysis further demonstrated that reduced pressure conditions enhance adsorption strength,promoting tighter material-tissue integration.The adverse Van der Waals energy and increased intramolecular energy observed under these conditions underscore the importance of optimized adsorption settings for functional tissue interface formation.Altogether,the conductive hydrogel-MgFe_(2)O_(4) composite system offers a promising therapeutic platform by combining structural support,electrical stimulation,and magnetic guidance,thereby enhancing cell-material interactions and fostering an environment conducive to spinal cord tissue repair.展开更多
The prosthesis is an artificial device that can replace an organ of a human body member to restore a compromised function. It is necessary following the removal of a human organ, which can occur as a result of an illn...The prosthesis is an artificial device that can replace an organ of a human body member to restore a compromised function. It is necessary following the removal of a human organ, which can occur as a result of an illness, trauma or congenital malformation. The trans-tibia prosthesis, in particular, allows the amputee patient to recover the impaired function and regain autonomy, while facilitating their daily social integration. The trans-tibia prosthesis consists of a socket, a sleeve, connecting elements and a prosthetic foot. Each of these components plays a very important role. Among these components, the prosthetic foot usually called “SACH foot” is very often replaced due to cracking and therefore has a fairly short lifespan. At the Center for Equipment and Rehabilitation of Kabalaye (CERK), the SACH foot made using polyurethane and wood is imported and is given to patients with reduced mobility. The aim of this article is twofold, on the one hand, to make a social and pathological study of trans-tibia amputees in relation to the use of the SACH foot prosthesis, on the other hand, to compare this foot with a new prosthetic foot proposed and which is manufactured using extruded polystyrene. The result of prosthetic tests carried out on twenty-four amputees showed that the foot manufactured using extruded polystyrene is better in terms of resistance, bulk and adaptability to active amputees.展开更多
Acute respiratory infections(ARIs)are the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,especially among children.The human bocavirus(HBoV)is a nonenveloped DNA virus that was recently identified as a respiratory pa...Acute respiratory infections(ARIs)are the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,especially among children.The human bocavirus(HBoV)is a nonenveloped DNA virus that was recently identified as a respiratory pathogen associated with respiratory tract infections(RTIs),predominantly in infants and young children.It is also detected from the gastrointestinal tract in children.The prevalence of HBoV1 acute respiratory tract infection varies across age groups,ranging from 10.3%to 12.51%in individuals under 3 years of age.The spectrum of clinical presentation includes mild upper RTIs,acute exacerbation of asthma,bronchitis,bronchiolitis,pneumonia,and multi-organ failure.Although HBoV is often detected in patients with ARIs who have other respiratory viruses(17%-85%),recent studies have identified it as the sole aetiology for mild to severe ARIs.Children with pre-existing medical conditions infected with HBoV often have a risk of severe illness.HBoV infection is diagnosed primarily by detecting viral DNA in respiratory samples using molecular methods.Currently,there is no specific antiviral treatment for HBoV infections and the cases are managed symptomatically.General preventive measures used for the prevention of viral RTIs are applicable,as there is no effective vaccine against this virus.The HBoV has been implicated in RTIs,particularly in children,and has also been detected in cases of gastroenteritis.Despite its global prevalence,the exact pathogenic role of HBoV remains unclear due to frequent co-infections with other viruses.This minireview discusses the virology,epidemiology,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,and potential treatment approaches related to HBoV infections.展开更多
Insects represent an important taxon for the functioning of ecosystems. They also contribute to human and animal nutrition and are vector agents of several diseases. In Congo-Brazzaville the diversity of entomofauna i...Insects represent an important taxon for the functioning of ecosystems. They also contribute to human and animal nutrition and are vector agents of several diseases. In Congo-Brazzaville the diversity of entomofauna is very little known. The present study aimed to investigate ponds. The inventory of insects was conducted in ponds Ngatsouéné and Yo, the first one was located in the center of Djambala and the last one was 2 km from the center of the city. The insects were caught with an entomological net from 23rd to 24th December 2012. The study identifies 37 species belonging to 17 families and 7 orders. This entomofauna study showed a high proportion of the Orthoptera order (27.20%). Family Mantidae has the largest species number (13.51%). Mantis sp is the most abundant species (13.51%). This is a database and therefore, should be extended to different aquatic ecosystems of the Department of Plateaux. The results obtained during this study will contribute to the development of a database for the management of entomofauna in Congo.展开更多
In recent years,hepatology has undergone a transformative evolution driven by significant advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.The expanding integration of endoscopic modalities into hepatology has ...In recent years,hepatology has undergone a transformative evolution driven by significant advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.The expanding integration of endoscopic modalities into hepatology has enforced the diagnosis,staging,management of liver diseases beside integration into transplantation.This review highlights the evolving discipline of“endo-hepatology”,where endoscopic ultrasound,endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,and novel interventional tools are employed to address the critical challenges in chronic liver disease.The review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current evidence and different clinical applications,while also exploring future directions including revolution of artificial intelligence-assisted endoscopies and enhanced imaging endoscopies.By bridging the anatomical and functional interface between the gastrointestinal lumen and the liver,endo-hepatology is not only improving diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic precision but also reshaping multidisciplinary paradigms in hepatology practice.展开更多
Biotechnology has revolutionized agriculture through innovations such as genetically modified(GM)technology and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.In this review,a comparative analysis of these methods that addresses the conc...Biotechnology has revolutionized agriculture through innovations such as genetically modified(GM)technology and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.In this review,a comparative analysis of these methods that addresses the concerns regarding the oversimplification of the notion that the CRISPR-based editing approach is equivalent to traditional GM approaches is offered.Since the 1990s,despite the potential benefits for crop improvement and food security,controversies have arisen around recombinant technology and the introduction of GM products due to perceived environmental and health concerns.In contrast,the recent emergence of the CRISPR/Cas systemas a precise genome editing tool has garnered relatively less public resistance.In this review,the reasons for these contrasting findings are explored to shed light on the distinct characteristics inherent to each approach.Additionally,we conduct a bibliographic analysis to examine the shift in research priorities between the two technological eras,followed by a comprehensive comparison of the two approaches,to enable a better understanding of the potential synergies that can be achieved between agricultural biotechnology and conventional techniques for enhancing modern agriculture.A nuanced understanding of these technologies is crucial for informed decision-making,responsible implementation,and addressing the concerns surrounding agricultural biotechnology.展开更多
基金Supported by the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation, the Young Scientists Funds of NSF of China (10401019)the Tsinghua Basic Research Foundation.
文摘In this article, two relaxation time limits, namely, the momentum relaxation time limit and the energy relaxation time limit are considered. By the compactness argument, it is obtained that the smooth solutions of the multidimensional nonisentropic Euler-Poisson problem converge to the solutions of an energy transport model or a drift diffusion model, respectively, with respect to different time scales.
文摘In this paper, a theory on the determination of the diffusion coefficient of excess minority carriers in the base of a silicon solar cell is presented. The diffusion coefficient expression has been established and is related to both frequency modulation and applied magnetic field;the study is then carried out using the impedance spectroscopy method and Bode diagrams. From the diffusion coefficient, we deduced the diffusion length and the minority carriers’ mobility. Electric parameters were derived from the diffusion coefficient equivalent circuits.
文摘AIM： To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori （H pylori） among dyspeptic patients and to assess the relationship between Hpylori infection, blood group, HIV infection and life style of the patients. METHODS： In a hospital-based cross-sectional study, patients attending Outpatient Department of University of Gondar Hospital were enrolled. Socio-demographic information was collected using questionnaires. Serum was analyzed for anti-H pylori IgG antibodies using a commercial kit. HIV serostatus was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Blood grouping was performed by slide agglutination tests. RESULTS： A total of 215 dyspeptic patients were included in the study. One hundred and sixteen patients （54%） were females and 99 （46%） were males. Anti-H pylori IgG antibodies were detected in sera of 184 （85.6%） patients. The prevalence was significantly higher in patients aged 50 years and above. Twenty point five percent of the patients were found to be seropositive for HIV. No significant association was found between sex, ABO blood groups, consumption of spicy diets, socioeconomic status and seropositivity for Hpylori. However,alcohol consumption was significantly associated with H pylori serology. CONCLUSION： The prevalence of H pylori infection is associated with a history of alcohol intake and older age. The effect of different diet, alcohol and socioeconomic status as risk factors for H pylori infection needs further study.
文摘Photovoltaic(PV)power forecasting is essential for balancing energy supply and demand in renewable energy systems.However,the performance of PV panels varies across different technologies due to differences in efficiency and how they process solar radiation.This study evaluates the effectiveness of deep learning models in predicting PV power generation for three panel technologies:Hybrid-Si,Mono-Si,and Poly-Si,across three forecasting horizons:1-step,12-step,and 24-step.Among the tested models,the Convolutional Neural Network—Long Short-Term Memory(CNN-LSTM)architecture exhibited superior performance,particularly for the 24-step horizon,achieving R^(2)=0.9793 and MAE 0.0162 for the Poly-Si array,followed by Mono-Si(R^(2)=0.9768)and Hybrid-Si arrays(R^(2)=0.9769).These findings demonstrate that the CNN-LSTM model can provide accurate and reliable PV power predictions for all studied technologies.By identifying the most suitable predictive model for each panel technology,this study contributes to optimizing PV power forecasting and improving energy management strategies.
基金This study was supported by internal funds from Patanjali Research Foundation Trust,Haridwar,India。
文摘Background:Fever is characterized by an upregulation of the thermoregulatory set-point after the body encounters any pathological challenge.It is accompanied by uncomfortable sickness behaviors and may be harmful in patients with other comor-bidities.We have explored the impact of an Ayurvedic medicine,Fevogrit,in an endo-toxin(lipopolysaccharide)-induced fever model in Wistar rats.Methods:Active phytoconstituents of Fevogrit were identified and quantified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography(UHPLC)platform.For the in-vivo study,fever was induced in male Wistar rats by the intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide(LPS),obtained from Escherichia coli.The animals were allocated to normal control,disease control,Paracetamol treated and Fevogrit treated groups.The rectal temperature of animals was recorded at different time points using a digital thermometer.At the 6-h time point,levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 cytokines were analyzed in serum.Additionally,the mRNA expression of these cytokines was deter-mined in hypothalamus,24 h post-LPS administration.Results:UHPLC analysis of Fevogrit revealed the presence of picroside I,picroside II,vanillic acid,cinnamic acid,magnoflorine and cordifolioside A,as bioactive constitu-ents with known anti-inflammatory properties.Fevogrit treatment efficiently reduces the LPS-induced rise in the rectal temperature of animals.The levels and gene ex-pression of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 in serum and hypothalamus,respectively,was also significantly reduced by Fevogrit treatment.Conclusion:The findings of the study demonstrated that Fevogrit can suppress LPS-induced fever by inhibiting peripheral or central inflammatory signaling pathways and could well be a viable treatment for infection-induced increase in body temperatures.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52205593)Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation Project(2024JC-YBMS-711).
文摘The incidence of large bone defects caused by traumatic injury is increasing worldwide,and the tissue regeneration process requires a long recovery time due to limited self-healing capability.Endogenous bioelectrical phenomena have been well recognized as critical biophysical factors in bone remodeling and regeneration.Inspired by bioelectricity,electrical stimulation has been widely considered an external intervention to induce the osteogenic lineage of cells and enhance the synthesis of the extracellular matrix,thereby accelerating bone regeneration.With ongoing advances in biomaterials and energy-harvesting techniques,electroactive biomaterials and self-powered systems have been considered biomimetic approaches to ensure functional recovery by recapitulating the natural electrophysiological microenvironment of healthy bone tissue.In this review,we first introduce the role of bioelectricity and the endogenous electric field in bone tissue and summarize different techniques to electrically stimulate cells and tissue.Next,we highlight the latest progress in exploring electroactive hybrid biomaterials as well as self-powered systems such as triboelectric and piezoelectric-based nanogenerators and photovoltaic cell-based devices and their implementation in bone tissue engineering.Finally,we emphasize the significance of simulating the target tissue’s electrophysiological microenvironment and propose the opportunities and challenges faced by electroactive hybrid biomaterials and self-powered bioelectronics for bone repair strategies.
基金support from the earmarked fund for XJARS(No.XJARS-06)the Bingtuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2021DB019,2022CB001-01)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42275014)the Guangdong Foundation for Program of Science and Technology Research,China(No.2023B1212060044)。
文摘Current research primarily focuses on emerging organic pollutants,with limited attention to emerging inorganic pollutants (EIPs).However,due to advances in detection technology and the escalating environmental and health challenges posed by pollution,there is a growing interest in treating waters contaminated with EIPs.This paper explores biochar characteristics and modification methods,encompassing physical,chemical,and biological approaches for adsorbing EIPs.It offers a comprehensive review of research advancements in employing biochar for EIPs remediation in water,outlines the adsorption mechanisms of EIPs by biochar,and presents an environmental and economic analysis.It can be concluded that using biochar for the adsorption of EIPs in wastewater exhibits promising potential.Nonetheless,it is noteworthy that certain EIPs like Au(III),Rh(III),Ir(III),Ru(III),Os(III),Sc(III),and Y(III),have not been extensively investigated regarding their adsorption onto biochar.This comprehensive review will catalyze further inquiry into the biochar-based adsorption of EIPs,addressing current research deficiencies and advancing the practical implementation of biochar as a potent substrate for EIP removal from wastewater streams.
文摘Located in Southeastern Chad. The Iro lake offers a great opportunity for the study of Precambrian formations and their Phanerozoic cover. Pluton is a Cal-alkaline granite. Due to its geographical location and geological features, it holds crucial information for understanding the evolution of the Saharan Meta craton (central Africa), which remains poorly studied. One of the objectives is to map the formations Precambrian age in Southeastern Chad. Based on the petrographic and geochemical results, we identified granitoids of pan-African age (biotite granite, aplite granite and pegmatite granite). This Precambrian basement is covered with sedimentary formations (clays, argillites, lateritic cuirasses, etc.). The mineral assemblage is characteristic of acid rocks. Geochemistry reveals rocks with a high SiO2 range (62% - 77%) giving sub-alkaline to calc-alkaline acid rocks with high k (4.62% to 6.39%). The granitoids are classified as S-type hyperaluminous granites. This classification is supported by the presence of peraluminous minerals (e.g., muscovite) within the Iro granitoids, which also have high (>1%). Geochemical variation within the granites is largely due to extensive crystal fractionation. The Pattern of REEs normalized to the primitive mantle shows a pronounced negative Eu anomaly, reflecting the crystallization process and fractional crystallization of plagioclase in the rock, and a positive Yb anomaly. The role of plagioclase fractionation was relatively major during the earlier intrusive stages (consistent with the presence of Eu anomalies) and slightly increased, together with biotite and K-feldspar fractionation, during the later (granitic) rock crystallization. The Pattern of the spider normalized to MORBs shows two pronounced negative anomalies in TiO2 and Cs and a slight negative anomaly in Ba. The loss of Ba, Ti and Cs may be caused by the plagioclase fractionation, apatite and ilmenite crystal. The Ba anomaly is also controlled by the presence of K-feldspar and mica. The observed Ti anomalies are due to the fractionation of magnetite indicating a subduction environment (or remelting of a source from a subduction environment).
文摘The study of the morphometric parameters of the three most abundant species in the lower course of the Kouilou River (Chrysichthys auratus, Liza falcipinnis and Pellonula vorax) was carried out. The standard length of Chrysichthys auratus varies between 43.57 and 210 mm, for an average of 96.70 ± 28.63 mm;the weight varies between 2.92 and 140.83 mg, an average of 73.03 ± 21.62 mg. The condition coefficient is equal to 4.42 ± 1.52. Liza falcipinnis has a standard length which varies between 59.9 mm and 158.08 mm for an average of 88.15 ± 29.74 mm;its weight varies between 4.77 and 76.21 mg, an average of 18.61 ± 11.82 mg. The condition coefficient is equal to 2.47 ± 1.57. Pellonula vorax has a standard length which varies between 60.33 mm and 117.72 mm;for an average of 80.48 ± 17.75 mm;the weight varies between 3.61 and 25.17 mg, an average of 9.03 ± 3.61 mg. The condition coefficient is equal to 2.17 ± 0.57. These three species have a minor allometric growth.
文摘The entomofauna in the Republic of Congo is very little known. Studies carried out in natural forests are few. It is in this context that this inventory of entomofauna was carried out from April to July 2022 in the Scientific City Forest. The general objective is to contribute to the knowledge of the trapping, mowing and sight hunting;the three types of traps used are: Barber pots, colored plates and aerial traps. This study made it possible to invent 1523 specimens belonging to 106 species, 99 genera, 59 families and 12 orders. The order Diptera is the most abundant and richest in species (47% and 26%). This order is followed by Hymenoptera (23% and 23%). Formicidae (14%) and Calliphoridae (13%) are the most abundant families. The Formicidae family presents the greatest species richness (7%), Calliphora sp and Polyrhachis cyaniventris present the highest specific relative abundance of the entire collection. These preliminary results of the entomofauna of Scientific City constitute a database. However, this study must be continued and extended to other areas of Brazzaville, using other capture techniques and taking into account the seasons.
文摘Background:In today’s context,vegetable oils,commonly used in culinary practices such as frying and baking,are integral to numerous daily dietary choices.Palm oil,a frequently employed vegetable oil,raises concerns surrounding food safety,thus presenting a significant challenge.Methods:This research aims to enhance consumer awareness regarding the potential health risks associated with 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol(3-MCPD)and glycidyl fatty acid esters(GEs)commonly found in food and edible oil products.The study endeavours to apprise consumers of these health risks through a comprehensive survey.The survey enlisted the participation of 120 respondents within the age bracket of 18 years to those above 36 years(capped at 50 years).Results:Strikingly,a significant proportion,ranging from 88%to 89%,demonstrated a lack of awareness concerning the potential risks associated with 3-MCPD and GEs in food products.Conclusion:This study underscores the urgency of augmenting consumer's awareness levels regarding 3-MCPD and GEs.Furthermore,it promotes a more detailed examination of Malaysian edible oils and food products available in the market to establish an appropriate Tolerable Daily Intake for the Malaysian population.This research contributes to the broader discourse on food safety and public health by highlighting these crucial facets.
文摘This study introduces an Edge-Based Data Hiding and Extraction Algorithm(EBDHEA)to address the problem of data embedding in images while preserving robust security and high image quality.The algorithm produces three classes of pixels from the pixels in the cover image:edges found by the Canny edge detection method,pixels arising from the expansion of neighboring edge pixels,and pixels that are neither edges nor components of the neighboring edge pixels.The number of Least Significant Bits(LSBs)that are used to hide data depends on these classifications.Furthermore,the lossless compression method,Huffman coding,improves image data capacity.To increase the security of the steganographic process,secret messages are encrypted using the XOR encryption technique before being embedded.Metrics such as the Mean Squared Error(MSE),Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR),and Structural Similarity Index Measure(SSIM)are used to assess the efficacy of this algorithm and are compared to previous methods.The findings demonstrate that the suggested approach achieves high similarity between the original and modified images with a maximum PSNR of 60.7 dB for a payload of 18,750 bytes,a maximum SSIM of 0.999 for a payload of 314,572.8 bytes,and a maximum Video Information Fidelity(VIF)of 0.95 for a payload of 23,592 bytes.Normalized Cross-Correlation(NCC)values are very close to 1.In addition,the performance of EBDHEA is implemented on Secure Medical Image Transmission as a real-world example,and the performance is tested against three types of attacks:RS Steganalysis,Chi-square attack,and visual attack,and compared with two deep learning models,such as SRNet and XuNet.
文摘Oxygenated fuels can reduce harmful emissions without affecting engine performance,meeting the big challenge in the transportation industry,which keeps the environment safe and reduces global warming.This study investigates the impact of biodiesel injection strategies and fuel injection pressures(FIP)on diesel engine exhaust emission characteristics.The engine is fuelled with 20%Jatropha biodiesel(JB)and 80%diesel,named JB20D.The ratios of fuel injection pressures started with injecting the fuel(diesel and JB20D)from 200 bar to 500 bar.The experimental outcomes indicate that the engine performance of brake-specific fuel consumption increased by 21.36%from the burning of JB20D compared with diesel,while brake thermal efficiency improved by 6.54%for low and high FIP compared to the diesel.The high fuel injection pressures slightly decrease the nitrogen oxide(NOX)emissions for both diesel and biodiesel.The emissions of NOX decreased from the combustion of JB20D by 18.7%under high fuel injection pressures compared to diesel.The concentration of soot particulate decreased by 20.4%form JB20D combustion than those combusted from diesel fuel.
基金Financial support for this study is acknowledged by the University of Sri Jayewardenepura,Sri Lanka under the research grant number RC/URG/SCI/2024/12。
文摘Mycotoxins,toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungus including Aspergillus,Penicillium,and Fusarium,pose considerable threats to food safety and human health worldwide.This review analyzes the main categories of mycotoxins—namely aflatoxins,ochratoxins,and fusarium toxins(zearalenone and fumonisins)—along with their health implications,sources of contamination,and environmental circumstances conducive to their production.The document highlights the pressing necessity for efficient management techniques and investigates the use of food polymer-based nanotechnology as an innovative solution.Biopolymeric nanoparticles produced from natural food materials exhibit notable antibacterial characteristics,biodegradability,and the ability to enhance mycotoxin detection and management.This review emphasizes the transformative capacity of nanotechnology based innovative strategies in improving mycotoxin control,providing insights into emerging research avenues and practical applications to bolster food safety systems and keyword co-occurrence analysis,limitations and future perspectives.
基金the“Young Talent Research Grant”:(600-RMC/YTR/5/3(004/2022)Universiti Teknologi Mara(UiTM)for providing the financial support.
文摘Spinal cord injury presents a significant challenge in regenerative medicine due to the complex and deli-cate nature of neural tissue repair.This study aims to design a conductive hydrogel embedded with magnetic MgFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles to establish a bioelectrically active and spatially stable microenvironment that promotes spinal cord regeneration through computational analysis(BIOVIA Materials Studio).Hydrogels,known for their biocompatibility and extracellular matrix-mimicking properties,support essential cellular behaviors such as adhesion,proliferation,and migration.The integration of MgFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles imparts both electrical conductivity and magnetic responsiveness,enabling controlled transmission of electrical signals that are crucial for guiding cellular processes like differentiation and directed migration.Furthermore,the hydrogel acts as a delivery medium,facilitating the adsorption of MgFe_(2)O_(4) nanoparticles onto spinal tissue through strong Van der Waals and intramolecular interactions.The computational simulations revealed a robust adsorption profile,with a binding distance of 20.180Åand a cumulative adsorption energy of 2740.42 kcal/mol,indicating stable nanoparticle-tissue interactions.Pressure-dependent sorption analysis further demonstrated that reduced pressure conditions enhance adsorption strength,promoting tighter material-tissue integration.The adverse Van der Waals energy and increased intramolecular energy observed under these conditions underscore the importance of optimized adsorption settings for functional tissue interface formation.Altogether,the conductive hydrogel-MgFe_(2)O_(4) composite system offers a promising therapeutic platform by combining structural support,electrical stimulation,and magnetic guidance,thereby enhancing cell-material interactions and fostering an environment conducive to spinal cord tissue repair.
文摘The prosthesis is an artificial device that can replace an organ of a human body member to restore a compromised function. It is necessary following the removal of a human organ, which can occur as a result of an illness, trauma or congenital malformation. The trans-tibia prosthesis, in particular, allows the amputee patient to recover the impaired function and regain autonomy, while facilitating their daily social integration. The trans-tibia prosthesis consists of a socket, a sleeve, connecting elements and a prosthetic foot. Each of these components plays a very important role. Among these components, the prosthetic foot usually called “SACH foot” is very often replaced due to cracking and therefore has a fairly short lifespan. At the Center for Equipment and Rehabilitation of Kabalaye (CERK), the SACH foot made using polyurethane and wood is imported and is given to patients with reduced mobility. The aim of this article is twofold, on the one hand, to make a social and pathological study of trans-tibia amputees in relation to the use of the SACH foot prosthesis, on the other hand, to compare this foot with a new prosthetic foot proposed and which is manufactured using extruded polystyrene. The result of prosthetic tests carried out on twenty-four amputees showed that the foot manufactured using extruded polystyrene is better in terms of resistance, bulk and adaptability to active amputees.
文摘Acute respiratory infections(ARIs)are the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,especially among children.The human bocavirus(HBoV)is a nonenveloped DNA virus that was recently identified as a respiratory pathogen associated with respiratory tract infections(RTIs),predominantly in infants and young children.It is also detected from the gastrointestinal tract in children.The prevalence of HBoV1 acute respiratory tract infection varies across age groups,ranging from 10.3%to 12.51%in individuals under 3 years of age.The spectrum of clinical presentation includes mild upper RTIs,acute exacerbation of asthma,bronchitis,bronchiolitis,pneumonia,and multi-organ failure.Although HBoV is often detected in patients with ARIs who have other respiratory viruses(17%-85%),recent studies have identified it as the sole aetiology for mild to severe ARIs.Children with pre-existing medical conditions infected with HBoV often have a risk of severe illness.HBoV infection is diagnosed primarily by detecting viral DNA in respiratory samples using molecular methods.Currently,there is no specific antiviral treatment for HBoV infections and the cases are managed symptomatically.General preventive measures used for the prevention of viral RTIs are applicable,as there is no effective vaccine against this virus.The HBoV has been implicated in RTIs,particularly in children,and has also been detected in cases of gastroenteritis.Despite its global prevalence,the exact pathogenic role of HBoV remains unclear due to frequent co-infections with other viruses.This minireview discusses the virology,epidemiology,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,and potential treatment approaches related to HBoV infections.
文摘Insects represent an important taxon for the functioning of ecosystems. They also contribute to human and animal nutrition and are vector agents of several diseases. In Congo-Brazzaville the diversity of entomofauna is very little known. The present study aimed to investigate ponds. The inventory of insects was conducted in ponds Ngatsouéné and Yo, the first one was located in the center of Djambala and the last one was 2 km from the center of the city. The insects were caught with an entomological net from 23rd to 24th December 2012. The study identifies 37 species belonging to 17 families and 7 orders. This entomofauna study showed a high proportion of the Orthoptera order (27.20%). Family Mantidae has the largest species number (13.51%). Mantis sp is the most abundant species (13.51%). This is a database and therefore, should be extended to different aquatic ecosystems of the Department of Plateaux. The results obtained during this study will contribute to the development of a database for the management of entomofauna in Congo.
文摘In recent years,hepatology has undergone a transformative evolution driven by significant advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic technologies.The expanding integration of endoscopic modalities into hepatology has enforced the diagnosis,staging,management of liver diseases beside integration into transplantation.This review highlights the evolving discipline of“endo-hepatology”,where endoscopic ultrasound,endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography,and novel interventional tools are employed to address the critical challenges in chronic liver disease.The review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current evidence and different clinical applications,while also exploring future directions including revolution of artificial intelligence-assisted endoscopies and enhanced imaging endoscopies.By bridging the anatomical and functional interface between the gastrointestinal lumen and the liver,endo-hepatology is not only improving diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic precision but also reshaping multidisciplinary paradigms in hepatology practice.
基金supported by the by the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(Grant No.FRGS/1/2023/STG03/UM/02/2)Universiti Malaya RU Fund(Grant No.ST087-2022).
文摘Biotechnology has revolutionized agriculture through innovations such as genetically modified(GM)technology and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing.In this review,a comparative analysis of these methods that addresses the concerns regarding the oversimplification of the notion that the CRISPR-based editing approach is equivalent to traditional GM approaches is offered.Since the 1990s,despite the potential benefits for crop improvement and food security,controversies have arisen around recombinant technology and the introduction of GM products due to perceived environmental and health concerns.In contrast,the recent emergence of the CRISPR/Cas systemas a precise genome editing tool has garnered relatively less public resistance.In this review,the reasons for these contrasting findings are explored to shed light on the distinct characteristics inherent to each approach.Additionally,we conduct a bibliographic analysis to examine the shift in research priorities between the two technological eras,followed by a comprehensive comparison of the two approaches,to enable a better understanding of the potential synergies that can be achieved between agricultural biotechnology and conventional techniques for enhancing modern agriculture.A nuanced understanding of these technologies is crucial for informed decision-making,responsible implementation,and addressing the concerns surrounding agricultural biotechnology.
