The quality of food is of utmost importance to a society and harmful contaminants,e.g.,the Minamata disease is a chronic poisoning by organic mercury compounds that first appeared in the mid-1950s around the city of M...The quality of food is of utmost importance to a society and harmful contaminants,e.g.,the Minamata disease is a chronic poisoning by organic mercury compounds that first appeared in the mid-1950s around the city of Minamata.Consuming fish contaminated with organic mercury has resulted in the most severe poisoning of thousands of people.展开更多
A new ambient ion source was developed and its application to real samples has been demonstrated.This ion source is based on a previously build ion source using chemical ionization under atmospheric pressure and extra...A new ambient ion source was developed and its application to real samples has been demonstrated.This ion source is based on a previously build ion source using chemical ionization under atmospheric pressure and extractive electrospray ionization(DIP-APCI/EESI).To enhance the range of analytes,we added to this ion source a photoionization lamp to enable also photoionization,which allows the possibility to analyze polar(EESI),middle(APCI)and non-polar(APPI)analytes with the same source and with no or only a small change of the setup.In comparison with DIP-APCI,this ion source reaches similar analytical limits but shows better sensitivity for some aromatic and non-polar analytes.The analysis of bisphenol A from extracts of recycled paper demonstrates the use of this ion source for real samples.Quantification was possible by the use of a deuterated internal standard that was added to the papers before extraction.Here atmospheric pressure chemical ionization leads to bad results due to ion suppression,whereas atmospheric pressure photoionization shows results that fit to literature values.展开更多
At present,there is an increasing demand for natural bioactive compounds able to provide health benefits when included and consumed in a functional food or in a nutraceutical.In this regard,microalgae are promising na...At present,there is an increasing demand for natural bioactive compounds able to provide health benefits when included and consumed in a functional food or in a nutraceutical.In this regard,microalgae are promising natural sources with great potential,not only considering that these organisms are largely underexplored,but also because microalgae can be produced at large scale and their chemical composition might be tuned to over-synthesize a particular target compound.The use of advanced sustainable extraction techniques to recover these bioactive compounds is a must nowadays.This work presents an overview on the use of compressed fluid-based extraction techniques to obtain bioactive compounds from microalgae that can be seen also as a first step towards its recovery at larger scale.When relevant,the description of the analytical procedure used to chemically characterize the bioactive compounds is also included.展开更多
Pressurized liquid extraction using green solvents(ethanol and water)was applied to extract photosynthetic pigments from the microalgae Chlamydomonas sp.An experimental design is employed to determine the effect of th...Pressurized liquid extraction using green solvents(ethanol and water)was applied to extract photosynthetic pigments from the microalgae Chlamydomonas sp.An experimental design is employed to determine the effect of the extraction conditions on the extraction yield and the antioxidant capacity of the different extracts determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl and TEAC tests.All the extracts show significant antioxidant activity in all assays.Besides,in this work,the carotenoid and chlorophyll composition of the Chlamydomonas extracts was analyzed by HPLC–DAD–APCI–MS/MS for the first time,being the main compounds lutein and pheophythin a′.展开更多
A two-dimensional LC(2D-LC)method was coupled to an ion mobility-high-resolution mass spectrometer(IM-MS),which enables the separation of complex samples in four dimensions[2D-LC,ion mobility(IM)and mass spectrometry(...A two-dimensional LC(2D-LC)method was coupled to an ion mobility-high-resolution mass spectrometer(IM-MS),which enables the separation of complex samples in four dimensions[2D-LC,ion mobility(IM)and mass spectrometry(MS)].This approach works as a continuous multiheart-cutting LC-system,using a long modulation time of four minutes,in comparison to comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography,which allows the complete transfer of most of the first dimension peaks to the second dimension column without fractionation.Hence,each compound delivers only one peak in the second dimension,which simplifies the data handling even when ion mobility as a third and mass spectrometry as a fourth dimension are introduced.The analysis of different complex samples,such as a plant extract from Hediotys diffusa and Scutellaria barbata,a waste water inflow,and a biocoal sample,was shown.The results of the four-dimensional separation method demonstrate that with the same column combination and the same solvents and gradients,that means without method optimization,totally different samples can be separated with outstanding separation power.Each sample was spiked with cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide and the ion suppression was determined by comparison of the peak area in the complex samples and in pure water after analysis of these samples with a 1D-LC and a 2D-LC approach.It is shown that the 2D-LC method allows an external calibration for the spiked compounds in the plant and waste water sample because of the higher separation power in comparison with 1D-LC.展开更多
A combined approach of target,suspected target and non-target screening using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry(LC-HRMS)was used to develop a new concept for water monitoring.With the current LC-...A combined approach of target,suspected target and non-target screening using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry(LC-HRMS)was used to develop a new concept for water monitoring.With the current LC-MS/MS target approach for water monitoring,all targets can be quantified,but no additional information about the sample is collected.With the new concept,it is possible to detect 97%of the target compounds with a simplified quantification method without losing accuracy.Furthermore,a suspect target screening can be performed to get broader qualitative information about the water samples.In addition,the non-target screening offers the possibility to identify unknown micropollutants.All three evaluation steps depend on the same analytical measurement so that a lot of measurement and quality assurance effort can be saved.This concept could change water monitoring and assessment,and make it much more efficiently without losing information.There is a chance to measure less but learn more about the water bodies.展开更多
Electrocatalytic NO reduction reaction offers a sustainable route to achieving environmental protection and NH3 production targets as well.In this work,a class of dealloyed Ti_(60)Cu_(33)Mn_(7)ribbons with enough nano...Electrocatalytic NO reduction reaction offers a sustainable route to achieving environmental protection and NH3 production targets as well.In this work,a class of dealloyed Ti_(60)Cu_(33)Mn_(7)ribbons with enough nanoparticles for the high-efficient NO reduction reaction to NH_(3)is fabricated,reaching an excellent Faradaic efficiency of 93.2%at–0.5 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode and a high NH_(3) synthesis rate of 717.4μmol·h^(-1)·mg_(cat).^(-1) at–0.6 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode.The formed nanoparticles on the surface of the catalyst could facilitate the exposure of active sites and the transportation of various reactive ions and gases.Meanwhile,the Mn content in the TiCuMn ribbons modulates the chemical and physical properties of its surface,such as modifying the electronic structure of the Cu species,optimizing the adsorption energy of N^(*)atoms,decreasing the strength of the NO adsorption,and eliminating the thermodynamic energy barrier,thus improving the NO reduction reaction catalytic performance.Moreover,a Zn-NO battery was fabricated using the catalyst and Zn plates,generating an NH_(3) yield of 129.1µmol·h^(-1)·cm^(-2)while offering a peak power density of 1.45 mW·cm^(-2).展开更多
文摘The quality of food is of utmost importance to a society and harmful contaminants,e.g.,the Minamata disease is a chronic poisoning by organic mercury compounds that first appeared in the mid-1950s around the city of Minamata.Consuming fish contaminated with organic mercury has resulted in the most severe poisoning of thousands of people.
基金We are thankful to iGenTrax UG and SIM GmbH for technical supportFurthermore,we acknowledge AIF for financial support due to project number KF2210314NT3.
文摘A new ambient ion source was developed and its application to real samples has been demonstrated.This ion source is based on a previously build ion source using chemical ionization under atmospheric pressure and extractive electrospray ionization(DIP-APCI/EESI).To enhance the range of analytes,we added to this ion source a photoionization lamp to enable also photoionization,which allows the possibility to analyze polar(EESI),middle(APCI)and non-polar(APPI)analytes with the same source and with no or only a small change of the setup.In comparison with DIP-APCI,this ion source reaches similar analytical limits but shows better sensitivity for some aromatic and non-polar analytes.The analysis of bisphenol A from extracts of recycled paper demonstrates the use of this ion source for real samples.Quantification was possible by the use of a deuterated internal standard that was added to the papers before extraction.Here atmospheric pressure chemical ionization leads to bad results due to ion suppression,whereas atmospheric pressure photoionization shows results that fit to literature values.
基金ABACUS(Algae for a Biomass Applied to the produCtion of added value compounds,grant agreement No 745668the Bio Based Industries Joint Undertaking under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme)and AGL2017-89417-R(MINECO,Spain)for financial support.
文摘At present,there is an increasing demand for natural bioactive compounds able to provide health benefits when included and consumed in a functional food or in a nutraceutical.In this regard,microalgae are promising natural sources with great potential,not only considering that these organisms are largely underexplored,but also because microalgae can be produced at large scale and their chemical composition might be tuned to over-synthesize a particular target compound.The use of advanced sustainable extraction techniques to recover these bioactive compounds is a must nowadays.This work presents an overview on the use of compressed fluid-based extraction techniques to obtain bioactive compounds from microalgae that can be seen also as a first step towards its recovery at larger scale.When relevant,the description of the analytical procedure used to chemically characterize the bioactive compounds is also included.
基金EU MIRACLES project(Seventh Framework Programme KBBE-Grant Agreement No.613588,Multi-product Integrated bioRefinery of Algae:from Carbon dioxide and Light Energy to high-value Specialties).
文摘Pressurized liquid extraction using green solvents(ethanol and water)was applied to extract photosynthetic pigments from the microalgae Chlamydomonas sp.An experimental design is employed to determine the effect of the extraction conditions on the extraction yield and the antioxidant capacity of the different extracts determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl and TEAC tests.All the extracts show significant antioxidant activity in all assays.Besides,in this work,the carotenoid and chlorophyll composition of the Chlamydomonas extracts was analyzed by HPLC–DAD–APCI–MS/MS for the first time,being the main compounds lutein and pheophythin a′.
文摘A two-dimensional LC(2D-LC)method was coupled to an ion mobility-high-resolution mass spectrometer(IM-MS),which enables the separation of complex samples in four dimensions[2D-LC,ion mobility(IM)and mass spectrometry(MS)].This approach works as a continuous multiheart-cutting LC-system,using a long modulation time of four minutes,in comparison to comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography,which allows the complete transfer of most of the first dimension peaks to the second dimension column without fractionation.Hence,each compound delivers only one peak in the second dimension,which simplifies the data handling even when ion mobility as a third and mass spectrometry as a fourth dimension are introduced.The analysis of different complex samples,such as a plant extract from Hediotys diffusa and Scutellaria barbata,a waste water inflow,and a biocoal sample,was shown.The results of the four-dimensional separation method demonstrate that with the same column combination and the same solvents and gradients,that means without method optimization,totally different samples can be separated with outstanding separation power.Each sample was spiked with cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide and the ion suppression was determined by comparison of the peak area in the complex samples and in pure water after analysis of these samples with a 1D-LC and a 2D-LC approach.It is shown that the 2D-LC method allows an external calibration for the spiked compounds in the plant and waste water sample because of the higher separation power in comparison with 1D-LC.
文摘A combined approach of target,suspected target and non-target screening using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry(LC-HRMS)was used to develop a new concept for water monitoring.With the current LC-MS/MS target approach for water monitoring,all targets can be quantified,but no additional information about the sample is collected.With the new concept,it is possible to detect 97%of the target compounds with a simplified quantification method without losing accuracy.Furthermore,a suspect target screening can be performed to get broader qualitative information about the water samples.In addition,the non-target screening offers the possibility to identify unknown micropollutants.All three evaluation steps depend on the same analytical measurement so that a lot of measurement and quality assurance effort can be saved.This concept could change water monitoring and assessment,and make it much more efficiently without losing information.There is a chance to measure less but learn more about the water bodies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22075211)Guangxi Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(2024GXNSFFA010008).
文摘Electrocatalytic NO reduction reaction offers a sustainable route to achieving environmental protection and NH3 production targets as well.In this work,a class of dealloyed Ti_(60)Cu_(33)Mn_(7)ribbons with enough nanoparticles for the high-efficient NO reduction reaction to NH_(3)is fabricated,reaching an excellent Faradaic efficiency of 93.2%at–0.5 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode and a high NH_(3) synthesis rate of 717.4μmol·h^(-1)·mg_(cat).^(-1) at–0.6 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode.The formed nanoparticles on the surface of the catalyst could facilitate the exposure of active sites and the transportation of various reactive ions and gases.Meanwhile,the Mn content in the TiCuMn ribbons modulates the chemical and physical properties of its surface,such as modifying the electronic structure of the Cu species,optimizing the adsorption energy of N^(*)atoms,decreasing the strength of the NO adsorption,and eliminating the thermodynamic energy barrier,thus improving the NO reduction reaction catalytic performance.Moreover,a Zn-NO battery was fabricated using the catalyst and Zn plates,generating an NH_(3) yield of 129.1µmol·h^(-1)·cm^(-2)while offering a peak power density of 1.45 mW·cm^(-2).
