The traditional von Neumann architecture faces inherent limitations due to the separation of memory and computa-tion,leading to high energy consumption,significant latency,and reduced operational efficiency.Neuromorph...The traditional von Neumann architecture faces inherent limitations due to the separation of memory and computa-tion,leading to high energy consumption,significant latency,and reduced operational efficiency.Neuromorphic computing,inspired by the architecture of the human brain,offers a promising alternative by integrating memory and computational func-tions,enabling parallel,high-speed,and energy-efficient information processing.Among various neuromorphic technologies,ion-modulated optoelectronic devices have garnered attention due to their excellent ionic tunability and the availability of multi-dimensional control strategies.This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in ion-modulation optoelec-tronic neuromorphic devices.It elucidates the key mechanisms underlying ionic modulation of light fields,including ion migra-tion dynamics and capture and release of charge through ions.Furthermore,the synthesis of active materials and the proper-ties of these devices are analyzed in detail.The review also highlights the application of ion-modulation optoelectronic devices in artificial vision systems,neuromorphic computing,and other bionic fields.Finally,the existing challenges and future direc-tions for the development of optoelectronic neuromorphic devices are discussed,providing critical insights for advancing this promising field.展开更多
Deforestation is the purpose of converting forest into land and reforestation compared to deforestation is very low.That’s why closely and accurately deforestation monitoring using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite...Deforestation is the purpose of converting forest into land and reforestation compared to deforestation is very low.That’s why closely and accurately deforestation monitoring using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite images for better vision is required.This paper proposes an effective image fusion technique that combines S-1/2 data to improve the deforested areas.Based on review,Optical and SAR image fusion produces high-resolution images for better de-forestation monitoring.To enhance the S-1/2 images,preprocessing is needed as per requirements and then,collocation between the two different types of images to mitigate the image registration problem,and after that,apply an image fu-sion machine learning approach,PCA-Wavelet.As per analysis,PCA helps to maintain spatial resolution,and Wavelet helps to preserve spectral resolution,gives better-fused images compared to other techniques.As per results,2019 S-2 pre-22 processed collocated image enhances 42.2508 km deforested area,S-1 preprocessed collocated image enhances 23.7918 km^(2) deforested area,and after fusion of the 2019 S-1/2 images,it enhances 16.5335 km deforested area.Similarly,the 20232 S-2 preprocessed collocated image enhances 49.2216 km deforested area,S-1 preprocessed collocated image enhances 2223.8459 km deforested area after fusion of the 2023 S-1/2 images,enhancing 35.9185 km deforested area.These im-provements show that combining data sources gives a clearer and more reliable picture of forest loss over time.The overall paper objective is to apply effective techniques for image fusion of Brazil’s Amazon Forest and analyze the difference between collocated image pixels and fused image pixels for accurate analysis of deforested area.展开更多
The rising global burden of cancer necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies,with immunotherapy demonstrating remarkable potential.However,its clinical efficacy remains limited by low response rates and non-speci...The rising global burden of cancer necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies,with immunotherapy demonstrating remarkable potential.However,its clinical efficacy remains limited by low response rates and non-specific(off-target)delivery.This review highlights natural polymer-based hydrogels as emerging delivery platforms engineered to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.These hydrogels exploit the biocompatibility and biodegradability of natural polymers,employing chemical or physical crosslinking to encapsulate and deliver immunotherapeutic agents.The versatility of these hydrogels is discussed in the context of oral,sprayable,injectable,and implantable formulations,which are adaptable to specific tumor sites.Their responsiveness to stimuli such as pH,temperature,and enzymatic activity enables controlled and sustained release of immunotherapeutic agents,including checkpoint inhibitors,cytokines,and Toll-like receptor agonists.These hydrogels can also modulate the tumor microenvironment by regulating pH,oxygen levels,and immune cell infiltration,thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy.Moreover,immunotherapeutic hydrogels can act synergistically with chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and phototherapies to enhance antitumor immune responses.Despite their potential,challenges such as degradation kinetics,bioactivity retention,and regulatory hurdles must be addressed to ensure successful clinical translation.This review provides insights into the rational design,development and application of stimuli-responsive hydrogels as next-generation platforms for effective cancer immunotherapy.展开更多
In this research work,the localized generation from renewable resources and the distribution of energy to agricultural loads,which is a local microgrid concept,have been considered,and its feasibility has been assesse...In this research work,the localized generation from renewable resources and the distribution of energy to agricultural loads,which is a local microgrid concept,have been considered,and its feasibility has been assessed.Two dispatch algorithms,named Cycle Charging and Load Following,are implemented to find the optimal solution(i.e.,net cost,operation cost,carbon emission.energy cost,component sizing,etc.)of the hybrid system.The microgrid is also modeled in the DIgSILENT Power Factory platform,and the respective power system responses are then evaluated.The development of dispatch algorithms specifically tailored for agricultural applications has enabled to dynamically manage energy flows,responding to fluctuating demands and resource availability in real-time.Through careful consideration of factors such as seasonal variations and irrigation requirements,these algorithms have enhanced the resilience and adaptability of the microgrid to dynamic operational conditions.However,it is revealed that both approaches have produced the same techno-economic results showing no significant difference.This illustrates the fact that the considered microgrid can be implemented with either strategy without significant fluctuation in performance.The study has shown that the harmful gas emission has also been limited to only 17,928 kg/year of CO_(2),and 77.7 kg/year of Sulfur Dioxide.For the proposed microgrid and load profile of 165.29 kWh/day,the net present cost is USD 718,279,and the cost of energy is USD 0.0463 with a renewable fraction of 97.6%.The optimal sizes for PV,Bio,Grid,Electrolyzer,and Converter are 1494,500,999,999,500,and 495 kW,respectively.For a hydrogen tank(HTank),the optimal size is found to be 350 kg.This research work provides critical insights into the techno-economic feasibility and environmental impact of integrating biomass-PV-hydrogen storage-Grid hybrid renewable microgrids into agricultural settings.展开更多
The rise in global energy demand and environmental pollution highlights the importance of developing efficient and stable photocatalytic materials to address the energy crisis and environmental issues.Graded nanomater...The rise in global energy demand and environmental pollution highlights the importance of developing efficient and stable photocatalytic materials to address the energy crisis and environmental issues.Graded nanomaterials exhibit significant promise for photocatalysis due to their unique structural advantages,including multi-scale pores,high specific surface area,and optimized electron transport pathways.This review systematically examines the design principles and synthesis methods for hierarchical nanomaterials and their photocatalytic performance.Through modulation of porous structures,hierarchical heterojunctions,and core-shell configurations,graded nanomaterials notably improve light absorption efficiency,carrier separation,and surface reaction activity of photocatalysts.Strategies such as S-scheme heterojunctions and interface engineering further enhance the performance of photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction,hydrogen production,and pollutant degradation.In situ characterization techniques offer dynamic insights into the photocatalytic mechanism.This study elucidates how hierarchical structures influence photocatalytic performance,discusses their potential applications in environmental treatment and clean energy,and proposes directions for future design and optimization of photocatalytic materials.展开更多
To further improve upon the deficiencies of traditional algorithms in terms of population diversity,convergence accuracy,and speed,this paper introduces a Dynamic Multi-Population Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm(DHA).D...To further improve upon the deficiencies of traditional algorithms in terms of population diversity,convergence accuracy,and speed,this paper introduces a Dynamic Multi-Population Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm(DHA).DHA dynamically categorizes the population into Elite,Follower,and Explorer subgroups,applying specific strategies:a novel dimension-wise Gaussian mutation combined with the Sine Cosine Algorithm(SCA)for the Elite,a randomized spiral search for the Explorer,and Lévy flight for the Follower.Rigorous testing on benchmark sets like CEC2005,CEC2017,and CEC2019,alongside practical application in Service Function Chain(SFC)mapping,underscores DHA’s superior performance and applicability.展开更多
In this manuscript,the notion of a hesitant fuzzy soft fixed point is introduced.Using this notion and the concept of Suzuki-type(μ,ν)-weak contraction for hesitant fuzzy soft set valued-mapping,some fixed point res...In this manuscript,the notion of a hesitant fuzzy soft fixed point is introduced.Using this notion and the concept of Suzuki-type(μ,ν)-weak contraction for hesitant fuzzy soft set valued-mapping,some fixed point results are established in the framework of metric spaces.Based on the presented work,some examples reflecting decision-making problems related to real life are also solved.The suggested method’s flexibility and efficacy compared to conventional techniques are demonstrated in decision-making situations involving uncertainty,such as choosing the best options in multi-criteria settings.We noted that the presented work combines and generalizes two major concepts,the idea of soft sets and hesitant fuzzy set-valued mapping from the existing literature.展开更多
In the present study,a body-centered-cubic(BCC)structured Nb/TiNb multilayer nanocomposite with high yield strength,which comprises a soft TiNb matrix and reinforced Nb nanowires,was designed and fabricated with the a...In the present study,a body-centered-cubic(BCC)structured Nb/TiNb multilayer nanocomposite with high yield strength,which comprises a soft TiNb matrix and reinforced Nb nanowires,was designed and fabricated with the aim of elucidating the strengthening mechanism of Nb/TiNb multilayer nanocomposite by scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscopy and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction.It is observed that the Nb/TiNb nanocomposite possesses a high yield strength of~640 MPa,significantly exceeding that of the conventional single-phaseβ-type Ti alloys.Further experimental results indicate that as plastic deformation commenced in the TiNb matrix of Nb/TiNb nanocomposite,load transfer from the soft TiNb matrix into the reinforced Nb nanowires occurred,allowing for a high load-bearing stress contribution and a significant strength enhancement of Nb/TiNb nanocomposite.Meanwhile,the embedded Nb nanowires can effectively impede the propagation of dislocation in TiNb matrix,further strengthening the present nanocomposite.These findings elucidate the strengthening mechanism of Nb/TiNb nanocomposite through the above two combinations,providing a basis for the design and development of the high-strength composites with a single-phase BCC structure for biomedical applications.展开更多
Schottky contacts have attracted widespread attention from both the electronic device industry and researchers since their discovery.The Schottky characteristics make these contacts highly suitable for use in field-ef...Schottky contacts have attracted widespread attention from both the electronic device industry and researchers since their discovery.The Schottky characteristics make these contacts highly suitable for use in field-effect transistors(FETs),photodetectors(PDs),solar cells(SCs),resistive-switching memories(RSMs),thin-film transistors(TFTs),etc.However,how do Schottky contacts affect the device performance?The answer lies simply in the Schottky parameters.This review focuses on the extraction of Schottky parameters,i.e.,the Schottky barrier height(SBH),ideality factor(IF),and series resistance(SR),from the current-voltage(I−V)curve to understand and analyze the characteristics of Schottky devices.First,the current research progress in this field and the principles of Schottky contacts are presented.Second,this article delves into some classic and widely used extraction methods as well as the latest extraction methods,providing an objective evaluation based on their practical effectiveness.Then,several research applications,including studies that require extraction,simple extraction,and delicate extraction,are enumerated to demonstrate the necessity and importance of Schottky parameter analysis.Finally,an outlook and future research prospects are discussed based on recent progress,and a comprehensive summary is given.展开更多
To tackle the path planning problem,this study introduced a novel algorithm called two-stage parameter adjustment-based differential evolution(TPADE).This algorithm draws inspiration from group behavior to implement a...To tackle the path planning problem,this study introduced a novel algorithm called two-stage parameter adjustment-based differential evolution(TPADE).This algorithm draws inspiration from group behavior to implement a two-stage scaling factor variation strategy.In the initial phase,it adapts according to environmental complexity.In the following phase,it combines individual and global experiences to fine-tune the orientation factor,effectively improving its global search capability.Furthermore,this study developed a new population update method,ensuring that well-adapted individuals are retained,which enhances population diversity.In benchmark function tests across different dimensions,the proposed algorithm consistently demonstrates superior convergence accuracy and speed.This study also tested the TPADE algorithm in path planning simulations.The experimental results reveal that the TPADE algorithm outperforms existing algorithms by achieving path lengths of 28.527138 and 31.963990 in simple and complex map environments,respectively.These findings indicate that the proposed algorithm is more adaptive and efficient in path planning.展开更多
Spray-drying is a widely used industrial technique to achieve the scale-up fabrication of functional powders.In this work,we report the spray-drying fabrication of perovskite quantum dot(PQD)microspheres from a precur...Spray-drying is a widely used industrial technique to achieve the scale-up fabrication of functional powders.In this work,we report the spray-drying fabrication of perovskite quantum dot(PQD)microspheres from a precursor solution at a scale of 2000 kg·a^(−1).The obtained PQDs are embedded in polymer microspheres,resulting in a high photoluminescence quantum yield and enhanced stability.By controlling the precursor concentration,the average size of the polymer microspheres can be tuned from 40.97 to 0.44μm.The as-prepared PQD-embedded polymer microspheres are mixed with ultraviolet adhesive to fabricate PQD-enhanced optical films for liquid crystal display(LCD)backlights.These films exhibit long-term operational stability under heat,humidity,and blue light irradiation(remaining at more than 90%initial photoluminescence intensity after a 1000 h aging test at 60℃ with 90%relative humidity and 70℃ with 455 nm 150 W·m^(−2) blue light irradiation).In addition,we demonstrate the use of PQD-embedded polymer microspheres as patterned color converters for micro light-emitting diode applications.Overall,this work demonstrates the scale-up fabrication of PQDs toward industrialization in display technology.展开更多
Doping plays a pivotal role in enhancing the performance of organic semiconductors(OSCs)for advanced optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications.In this study,we systematically investigated the doping performance a...Doping plays a pivotal role in enhancing the performance of organic semiconductors(OSCs)for advanced optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications.In this study,we systematically investigated the doping performance and applicability of the ionic dopant 4-isopropyl-4′-methyldiphenyliodonium tetrakis(penta-fluorophenyl-borate)(DPI-TPFB)as a p-dopant for OSCs.Using the p-type OSC PBBT-2T as a model system,we demonstrated that DPI-TPFB shows significant doping effect,as confirmed by ESR spectra,ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared(UV-vis-NIR)absorption,and work function analysis,and enhances the electronic conductivity of PBBT-2T films by over four orders of magnitude.Furthermore,DPI-TPFB exhibited broad doping applicability,effectively doping various p-type OSCs and even imparting p-type characteristics to the n-type OSC N2200,transforming its intrinsic n-type behavior into p-type.The application of DPI-TPFB-doped PBBT-2T films in organic thermoelectric devices(OTEs)was also explored,achieving a power factor of approximately 10μW·m^(-1)·K^(-2).These findings highlight the potential of DPI-TPFB as a versatile and efficient dopant for integration into organic optoelectronic and thermoelectric devices.展开更多
Atomic layer deposition(ALD)has driven significant advancements in photovoltaic technologies by enabling the development of interlayers that improve both the efficiency and stability of devices.This review traces the ...Atomic layer deposition(ALD)has driven significant advancements in photovoltaic technologies by enabling the development of interlayers that improve both the efficiency and stability of devices.This review traces the evolution of ALD interlayers across various photovoltaic technologies,starting with early silicon solar cells and progressing into a variety of thin-film solar cells.We then delve into the role of ALD in state-of-the-art single-junction perovskite solar cells,particularly in optimizing the critical interfaces of perovskites/charge-transporting layers/-electrodes.Apart from that,we screen the functionality of ALD processing,which consists of reducing surface/interfacial defects and thus mitigating energy loss.Particularly,it enables efficient stacking of multiple thin layers,making a variety of tandem solar cells possible(silicon/perovskite,etc.)for higher efficiency.Moreover,the ALDprocessed interlayer prevents the ion migration between metals and perovskites,inhibiting the inter-diffusioninduced degradation of devices.Despite ALD technology extensively elevating the performance of above conventional/emerging solar cells,key challenges such as precursor flammability,cross-contamination during processing,and low deposition pace persist.We go over these challenges and expect our comprehensive overview of ALD techniques could shed light on pushing the envelope of photovoltaic efficiency.展开更多
As modern power systems grow in complexity,accurate and efficient fault detection has become increasingly important.While many existing reviews focus on a single modality,this paper presents a comprehensive survey fro...As modern power systems grow in complexity,accurate and efficient fault detection has become increasingly important.While many existing reviews focus on a single modality,this paper presents a comprehensive survey from a dual-modality perspective-infrared imaging and voiceprint analysis-two complementary,non-contact techniques that capture different fault characteristics.Infrared imaging excels at detecting thermal anomalies,while voiceprint signals provide insight into mechanical vibrations and internal discharge phenomena.We review both traditional signal processing and deep learning-based approaches for each modality,categorized by key processing stages such as feature extraction and classification.The paper highlights how these modalities address distinct fault types and how they may be fused to improve robustness and accuracy.Representative datasets are summarized,and practical challenges such as noise interference,limited fault samples,and deployment constraints are discussed.By offering a cross-modal,comparative analysis,this work aims to bridge fragmented research and guide future development in intelligent fault detection systems.The review concludes with research trends including multimodal fusion,lightweight models,and self-supervised learning.展开更多
With the advent of the digital era,the field of communications is undergoing profound transformation.Among the most groundbreaking developments is the emergence of non-terrestrial networks(NTN),which represent not onl...With the advent of the digital era,the field of communications is undergoing profound transformation.Among the most groundbreaking developments is the emergence of non-terrestrial networks(NTN),which represent not only a technological leap forward but also a major trend shaping the future of global connectivity.As a layered heterogeneous network,NTN integrates multiple aerial platforms—including satellites,high-altitude platform systems(HAPS),and unmanned aerial systems(UAS)—to provide flexible and composable solutions aimed at achieving seamless worldwide communication coverage.展开更多
Zinc(Zn)alloys exhibit substantial potential for application in the domain of metal materials that are both biodegradable and implantable because of their appropriate degradation rate and biocompatibility.Selenium(Se)...Zinc(Zn)alloys exhibit substantial potential for application in the domain of metal materials that are both biodegradable and implantable because of their appropriate degradation rate and biocompatibility.Selenium(Se)has been widely employed in tumor treatment,positioning ZnSe alloys as promising candidates for the development of the next generation of antitumor degradable materials.However,the considerable disparity in melting points and the volatility of elemental Zn and Se pose significant challenges for alloying using conventional melting methods.Here,we report a Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy using silver selenide(Ag2Se)as the Se source for biodegradable implant materials.The alloy's antibacterial and antitumor capabilities,along with its mechanical,corrosion,and biocompatibility properties,were assessed and then compared to the properties of a Zn-4Ag alloy.Both alloys consisted primarily ofη-Zn andε-AgZn3phases,with the Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy additionally containing a minor amount of a ZnSe phase.The hot-rolled(HR)Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy exhibited an ultimate tensile strength of 211.5±2.3 MPa and elongation of 24.9%±0.6%.Additionally,the HR Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy demonstrated an electrochemical corrosion rate of 105.51±1.21μm year^(-1)and degradation rate of 59.8±0.2μm year^(-1)in Hanks'solution,meeting the performance criteria for degradable implant materials.The HR Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy also exhibited excellent antibacterial activity,evidenced by an inhibition zone diameter(IZD)of 2.22±0.01 mm and colony-forming unit count of 58±2.The HR Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy did not inhibit the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells but promoted reactive oxygen species production and finally cell death toward MG63 osteosarcoma cells.展开更多
It is advisable to look into efficient and environmentally friendly materials that have the ability to turn lost energy into electricity in order to mitigate the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the ensuing environ...It is advisable to look into efficient and environmentally friendly materials that have the ability to turn lost energy into electricity in order to mitigate the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the ensuing environmental damage.In the present work density functional theory(DFT)was employed to analyze the structural,optical,electronic,and thermoelectric characteristics of novel half-Heusler AMnSb(A=La,Lu)materials.The structural stability of both compounds under consideration was verified by using the Birch-Murnaghan equations of states,which indicate that both compounds have structural stability due to ground-state energy levels being negative.Band structure and total density of state analysis display that LaMnSb has an energy band gap of 0.96 eV for spin-up(↑)and 0.21 eV for spin-down(↓)configurations.LuMnSb has band gap of 0.47 eV for spin-up and an indirect band gap of 0.3 eV for spin-down channel.In terms of its optical properties,LuMnSb exhibits maximal conductivity and absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range(99-462 nm),which makes it a desirable material for optoelectronic applications.Moreover,the transport characteristics of the examined materials were computed by means of the Boltztrap code based on Boltzmann transport theory.The thermoelectric parameters,like the thermal conductivity,Seebeck coefficient,and electrical conductivity are computed in the 200-1200 K temperature range.These anticipated results suggest that AMnSb(A=La,Lu)compounds would be the best choice for thermoelectric and green energy applications.展开更多
Metal cyanamides are an emerging class of functional materials with potential applications in sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies such as catalysis,supercapacitors,photoluminescence and next-gen bat...Metal cyanamides are an emerging class of functional materials with potential applications in sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies such as catalysis,supercapacitors,photoluminescence and next-gen batteries.The[NCN]^(2-)as the anion,which is isolobal with[O]^(2-)endows metal cyanamides with similar physicochemical properties as oxides and chalcogenides.Whereas the unique quasI-linear structure and electronic resonance between[N=C=N]^(2-)and[N-C≡N]^(2-)of[NCN]entity bring out superior properties beyond oxides and chalcogenides.In this review,we present research status,challenges,and the recent striking progress on the metal cyanamides in the synthesis and applications.Specifically,the characteristic structures,physicochemical properties,synthetic methods with corresponding merits/demerits and latest applications in energy conversion and storage of cyanamides are summarized.The detailed outlooks for the new compounds design,morphology manipulation and potential applications are also exhibited.展开更多
This paper presents the networking observation capabilities of Chinese ocean satellites and their diverse applications in ocean disaster prevention,ecological monitoring,and resource development.Since the inaugural la...This paper presents the networking observation capabilities of Chinese ocean satellites and their diverse applications in ocean disaster prevention,ecological monitoring,and resource development.Since the inaugural launch in 2002,China has achieved substantial advancements in ocean satellite technology,forming an observation system composed of the HY-1,HY-2,and HY-3 series satellites.These satellites are integral to global ocean environmental monitoring due to their high resolution,extensive coverage,and frequent observations.Looking forward,China aims to further enhance and expand its ocean satellite capabilities through ongoing projects to support global environmental protection and sustainable development.展开更多
CRESDA Application System of CBERS-1 was established in 1999. During the operation of the system for more than two years, about 240 000 scenes of CBERS-1 Level 0 data have been archived and more than 13 000 scenes of ...CRESDA Application System of CBERS-1 was established in 1999. During the operation of the system for more than two years, about 240 000 scenes of CBERS-1 Level 0 data have been archived and more than 13 000 scenes of Level 2 products have been ordered by end users from different application fields.In this paper, the typical examples of applications in crop yield estimation,calamity alleviation, resources survey and protection, environment monitoring and continuable development, and urban planning are mainly described.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(62174164,U23A20568,and U22A2075)National Key Research and Development Project(2021YFA1202600)+2 种基金Talent Plan of Shanghai Branch,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CASSHB-QNPD-2023-022)Ningbo Technology Project(2022A-007-C)Ningbo Key Research and Development Project(2023Z021).
文摘The traditional von Neumann architecture faces inherent limitations due to the separation of memory and computa-tion,leading to high energy consumption,significant latency,and reduced operational efficiency.Neuromorphic computing,inspired by the architecture of the human brain,offers a promising alternative by integrating memory and computational func-tions,enabling parallel,high-speed,and energy-efficient information processing.Among various neuromorphic technologies,ion-modulated optoelectronic devices have garnered attention due to their excellent ionic tunability and the availability of multi-dimensional control strategies.This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress in ion-modulation optoelec-tronic neuromorphic devices.It elucidates the key mechanisms underlying ionic modulation of light fields,including ion migra-tion dynamics and capture and release of charge through ions.Furthermore,the synthesis of active materials and the proper-ties of these devices are analyzed in detail.The review also highlights the application of ion-modulation optoelectronic devices in artificial vision systems,neuromorphic computing,and other bionic fields.Finally,the existing challenges and future direc-tions for the development of optoelectronic neuromorphic devices are discussed,providing critical insights for advancing this promising field.
文摘Deforestation is the purpose of converting forest into land and reforestation compared to deforestation is very low.That’s why closely and accurately deforestation monitoring using Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite images for better vision is required.This paper proposes an effective image fusion technique that combines S-1/2 data to improve the deforested areas.Based on review,Optical and SAR image fusion produces high-resolution images for better de-forestation monitoring.To enhance the S-1/2 images,preprocessing is needed as per requirements and then,collocation between the two different types of images to mitigate the image registration problem,and after that,apply an image fu-sion machine learning approach,PCA-Wavelet.As per analysis,PCA helps to maintain spatial resolution,and Wavelet helps to preserve spectral resolution,gives better-fused images compared to other techniques.As per results,2019 S-2 pre-22 processed collocated image enhances 42.2508 km deforested area,S-1 preprocessed collocated image enhances 23.7918 km^(2) deforested area,and after fusion of the 2019 S-1/2 images,it enhances 16.5335 km deforested area.Similarly,the 20232 S-2 preprocessed collocated image enhances 49.2216 km deforested area,S-1 preprocessed collocated image enhances 2223.8459 km deforested area after fusion of the 2023 S-1/2 images,enhancing 35.9185 km deforested area.These im-provements show that combining data sources gives a clearer and more reliable picture of forest loss over time.The overall paper objective is to apply effective techniques for image fusion of Brazil’s Amazon Forest and analyze the difference between collocated image pixels and fused image pixels for accurate analysis of deforested area.
基金funded by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LD22H310004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82473894)Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Research Start-up Fund(No.24042190-Y).
文摘The rising global burden of cancer necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies,with immunotherapy demonstrating remarkable potential.However,its clinical efficacy remains limited by low response rates and non-specific(off-target)delivery.This review highlights natural polymer-based hydrogels as emerging delivery platforms engineered to enhance the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.These hydrogels exploit the biocompatibility and biodegradability of natural polymers,employing chemical or physical crosslinking to encapsulate and deliver immunotherapeutic agents.The versatility of these hydrogels is discussed in the context of oral,sprayable,injectable,and implantable formulations,which are adaptable to specific tumor sites.Their responsiveness to stimuli such as pH,temperature,and enzymatic activity enables controlled and sustained release of immunotherapeutic agents,including checkpoint inhibitors,cytokines,and Toll-like receptor agonists.These hydrogels can also modulate the tumor microenvironment by regulating pH,oxygen levels,and immune cell infiltration,thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy.Moreover,immunotherapeutic hydrogels can act synergistically with chemotherapy,radiotherapy,and phototherapies to enhance antitumor immune responses.Despite their potential,challenges such as degradation kinetics,bioactivity retention,and regulatory hurdles must be addressed to ensure successful clinical translation.This review provides insights into the rational design,development and application of stimuli-responsive hydrogels as next-generation platforms for effective cancer immunotherapy.
基金financed by the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)Bangladesh under Special Research grant for the FY 2023-24(SRG 232410)Further,the authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Northern Border University,Arar,Saudi Arabi for funding this research work through the project number“NBU-FFR-2025-3623-05”。
文摘In this research work,the localized generation from renewable resources and the distribution of energy to agricultural loads,which is a local microgrid concept,have been considered,and its feasibility has been assessed.Two dispatch algorithms,named Cycle Charging and Load Following,are implemented to find the optimal solution(i.e.,net cost,operation cost,carbon emission.energy cost,component sizing,etc.)of the hybrid system.The microgrid is also modeled in the DIgSILENT Power Factory platform,and the respective power system responses are then evaluated.The development of dispatch algorithms specifically tailored for agricultural applications has enabled to dynamically manage energy flows,responding to fluctuating demands and resource availability in real-time.Through careful consideration of factors such as seasonal variations and irrigation requirements,these algorithms have enhanced the resilience and adaptability of the microgrid to dynamic operational conditions.However,it is revealed that both approaches have produced the same techno-economic results showing no significant difference.This illustrates the fact that the considered microgrid can be implemented with either strategy without significant fluctuation in performance.The study has shown that the harmful gas emission has also been limited to only 17,928 kg/year of CO_(2),and 77.7 kg/year of Sulfur Dioxide.For the proposed microgrid and load profile of 165.29 kWh/day,the net present cost is USD 718,279,and the cost of energy is USD 0.0463 with a renewable fraction of 97.6%.The optimal sizes for PV,Bio,Grid,Electrolyzer,and Converter are 1494,500,999,999,500,and 495 kW,respectively.For a hydrogen tank(HTank),the optimal size is found to be 350 kg.This research work provides critical insights into the techno-economic feasibility and environmental impact of integrating biomass-PV-hydrogen storage-Grid hybrid renewable microgrids into agricultural settings.
文摘The rise in global energy demand and environmental pollution highlights the importance of developing efficient and stable photocatalytic materials to address the energy crisis and environmental issues.Graded nanomaterials exhibit significant promise for photocatalysis due to their unique structural advantages,including multi-scale pores,high specific surface area,and optimized electron transport pathways.This review systematically examines the design principles and synthesis methods for hierarchical nanomaterials and their photocatalytic performance.Through modulation of porous structures,hierarchical heterojunctions,and core-shell configurations,graded nanomaterials notably improve light absorption efficiency,carrier separation,and surface reaction activity of photocatalysts.Strategies such as S-scheme heterojunctions and interface engineering further enhance the performance of photocatalysts for CO_(2)reduction,hydrogen production,and pollutant degradation.In situ characterization techniques offer dynamic insights into the photocatalytic mechanism.This study elucidates how hierarchical structures influence photocatalytic performance,discusses their potential applications in environmental treatment and clean energy,and proposes directions for future design and optimization of photocatalytic materials.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ20F010008)the National College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202310351075)the Zhejiang Xinmiao Talents Program(2023R451023).
文摘To further improve upon the deficiencies of traditional algorithms in terms of population diversity,convergence accuracy,and speed,this paper introduces a Dynamic Multi-Population Hybrid Metaheuristic Algorithm(DHA).DHA dynamically categorizes the population into Elite,Follower,and Explorer subgroups,applying specific strategies:a novel dimension-wise Gaussian mutation combined with the Sine Cosine Algorithm(SCA)for the Elite,a randomized spiral search for the Explorer,and Lévy flight for the Follower.Rigorous testing on benchmark sets like CEC2005,CEC2017,and CEC2019,alongside practical application in Service Function Chain(SFC)mapping,underscores DHA’s superior performance and applicability.
基金funded by National Science,Research and Innovation Fund(NSRF)King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok with Contract No.KMUTNB-FF-68-B-46.
文摘In this manuscript,the notion of a hesitant fuzzy soft fixed point is introduced.Using this notion and the concept of Suzuki-type(μ,ν)-weak contraction for hesitant fuzzy soft set valued-mapping,some fixed point results are established in the framework of metric spaces.Based on the presented work,some examples reflecting decision-making problems related to real life are also solved.The suggested method’s flexibility and efficacy compared to conventional techniques are demonstrated in decision-making situations involving uncertainty,such as choosing the best options in multi-criteria settings.We noted that the presented work combines and generalizes two major concepts,the idea of soft sets and hesitant fuzzy set-valued mapping from the existing literature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51771082,51971009 and 52175410)Zhenjiang Science and Technology Program(No.GY2020001)+2 种基金the Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province(No.2019-XCL-113)the Project of Faculty of Agricultural Equipment of Jiangsu University(No.NZXB20200101)Advanced Photon Source,a US Department of Energy(DOE)Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No.DE-AC02-06CH11357.
文摘In the present study,a body-centered-cubic(BCC)structured Nb/TiNb multilayer nanocomposite with high yield strength,which comprises a soft TiNb matrix and reinforced Nb nanowires,was designed and fabricated with the aim of elucidating the strengthening mechanism of Nb/TiNb multilayer nanocomposite by scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscopy and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction.It is observed that the Nb/TiNb nanocomposite possesses a high yield strength of~640 MPa,significantly exceeding that of the conventional single-phaseβ-type Ti alloys.Further experimental results indicate that as plastic deformation commenced in the TiNb matrix of Nb/TiNb nanocomposite,load transfer from the soft TiNb matrix into the reinforced Nb nanowires occurred,allowing for a high load-bearing stress contribution and a significant strength enhancement of Nb/TiNb nanocomposite.Meanwhile,the embedded Nb nanowires can effectively impede the propagation of dislocation in TiNb matrix,further strengthening the present nanocomposite.These findings elucidate the strengthening mechanism of Nb/TiNb nanocomposite through the above two combinations,providing a basis for the design and development of the high-strength composites with a single-phase BCC structure for biomedical applications.
基金financially supported by Guangxi Science and Technology Plan Project(Nos.AD21220150,2023GXNSFBA026216,AD21220056,and 2023JJG170001)the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(Nos.51802032,52262022,52061009,62174041,and 62361022)the Yunnan Province Major Science and Technology Projects(No.202102AB080008-2).
文摘Schottky contacts have attracted widespread attention from both the electronic device industry and researchers since their discovery.The Schottky characteristics make these contacts highly suitable for use in field-effect transistors(FETs),photodetectors(PDs),solar cells(SCs),resistive-switching memories(RSMs),thin-film transistors(TFTs),etc.However,how do Schottky contacts affect the device performance?The answer lies simply in the Schottky parameters.This review focuses on the extraction of Schottky parameters,i.e.,the Schottky barrier height(SBH),ideality factor(IF),and series resistance(SR),from the current-voltage(I−V)curve to understand and analyze the characteristics of Schottky devices.First,the current research progress in this field and the principles of Schottky contacts are presented.Second,this article delves into some classic and widely used extraction methods as well as the latest extraction methods,providing an objective evaluation based on their practical effectiveness.Then,several research applications,including studies that require extraction,simple extraction,and delicate extraction,are enumerated to demonstrate the necessity and importance of Schottky parameter analysis.Finally,an outlook and future research prospects are discussed based on recent progress,and a comprehensive summary is given.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62272239,62303214)Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Tech-nology Independent Innovation Fund(No.SJ222051).
文摘To tackle the path planning problem,this study introduced a novel algorithm called two-stage parameter adjustment-based differential evolution(TPADE).This algorithm draws inspiration from group behavior to implement a two-stage scaling factor variation strategy.In the initial phase,it adapts according to environmental complexity.In the following phase,it combines individual and global experiences to fine-tune the orientation factor,effectively improving its global search capability.Furthermore,this study developed a new population update method,ensuring that well-adapted individuals are retained,which enhances population diversity.In benchmark function tests across different dimensions,the proposed algorithm consistently demonstrates superior convergence accuracy and speed.This study also tested the TPADE algorithm in path planning simulations.The experimental results reveal that the TPADE algorithm outperforms existing algorithms by achieving path lengths of 28.527138 and 31.963990 in simple and complex map environments,respectively.These findings indicate that the proposed algorithm is more adaptive and efficient in path planning.
基金supported by the Hefei Innovation Research Institute of Beihang University,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203321)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant(2022M710289)the Postdoctoral Research Funding Program of Hefei.
文摘Spray-drying is a widely used industrial technique to achieve the scale-up fabrication of functional powders.In this work,we report the spray-drying fabrication of perovskite quantum dot(PQD)microspheres from a precursor solution at a scale of 2000 kg·a^(−1).The obtained PQDs are embedded in polymer microspheres,resulting in a high photoluminescence quantum yield and enhanced stability.By controlling the precursor concentration,the average size of the polymer microspheres can be tuned from 40.97 to 0.44μm.The as-prepared PQD-embedded polymer microspheres are mixed with ultraviolet adhesive to fabricate PQD-enhanced optical films for liquid crystal display(LCD)backlights.These films exhibit long-term operational stability under heat,humidity,and blue light irradiation(remaining at more than 90%initial photoluminescence intensity after a 1000 h aging test at 60℃ with 90%relative humidity and 70℃ with 455 nm 150 W·m^(−2) blue light irradiation).In addition,we demonstrate the use of PQD-embedded polymer microspheres as patterned color converters for micro light-emitting diode applications.Overall,this work demonstrates the scale-up fabrication of PQDs toward industrialization in display technology.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(Nos.202303021212159 and 202303021222190)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62222403)+2 种基金the Higher Education Institutions Science and Technology Innovation Program of Shanxi Province(No.2023L160)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(No.23B0842)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Normal University(Nos.JCYJ2024017 and JCYJ2023015)。
文摘Doping plays a pivotal role in enhancing the performance of organic semiconductors(OSCs)for advanced optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications.In this study,we systematically investigated the doping performance and applicability of the ionic dopant 4-isopropyl-4′-methyldiphenyliodonium tetrakis(penta-fluorophenyl-borate)(DPI-TPFB)as a p-dopant for OSCs.Using the p-type OSC PBBT-2T as a model system,we demonstrated that DPI-TPFB shows significant doping effect,as confirmed by ESR spectra,ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared(UV-vis-NIR)absorption,and work function analysis,and enhances the electronic conductivity of PBBT-2T films by over four orders of magnitude.Furthermore,DPI-TPFB exhibited broad doping applicability,effectively doping various p-type OSCs and even imparting p-type characteristics to the n-type OSC N2200,transforming its intrinsic n-type behavior into p-type.The application of DPI-TPFB-doped PBBT-2T films in organic thermoelectric devices(OTEs)was also explored,achieving a power factor of approximately 10μW·m^(-1)·K^(-2).These findings highlight the potential of DPI-TPFB as a versatile and efficient dopant for integration into organic optoelectronic and thermoelectric devices.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo,China(2022J149)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(LY22E020010,LTGS24B030002)+1 种基金the Ningbo Science and Technology Project,China(2022-DST-004,2022A-230G,2024Z242)the National Key Research and Development Program of China,China(2021YFF0500501)。
文摘Atomic layer deposition(ALD)has driven significant advancements in photovoltaic technologies by enabling the development of interlayers that improve both the efficiency and stability of devices.This review traces the evolution of ALD interlayers across various photovoltaic technologies,starting with early silicon solar cells and progressing into a variety of thin-film solar cells.We then delve into the role of ALD in state-of-the-art single-junction perovskite solar cells,particularly in optimizing the critical interfaces of perovskites/charge-transporting layers/-electrodes.Apart from that,we screen the functionality of ALD processing,which consists of reducing surface/interfacial defects and thus mitigating energy loss.Particularly,it enables efficient stacking of multiple thin layers,making a variety of tandem solar cells possible(silicon/perovskite,etc.)for higher efficiency.Moreover,the ALDprocessed interlayer prevents the ion migration between metals and perovskites,inhibiting the inter-diffusioninduced degradation of devices.Despite ALD technology extensively elevating the performance of above conventional/emerging solar cells,key challenges such as precursor flammability,cross-contamination during processing,and low deposition pace persist.We go over these challenges and expect our comprehensive overview of ALD techniques could shed light on pushing the envelope of photovoltaic efficiency.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of State Grid Corporation of China(52094024003D).
文摘As modern power systems grow in complexity,accurate and efficient fault detection has become increasingly important.While many existing reviews focus on a single modality,this paper presents a comprehensive survey from a dual-modality perspective-infrared imaging and voiceprint analysis-two complementary,non-contact techniques that capture different fault characteristics.Infrared imaging excels at detecting thermal anomalies,while voiceprint signals provide insight into mechanical vibrations and internal discharge phenomena.We review both traditional signal processing and deep learning-based approaches for each modality,categorized by key processing stages such as feature extraction and classification.The paper highlights how these modalities address distinct fault types and how they may be fused to improve robustness and accuracy.Representative datasets are summarized,and practical challenges such as noise interference,limited fault samples,and deployment constraints are discussed.By offering a cross-modal,comparative analysis,this work aims to bridge fragmented research and guide future development in intelligent fault detection systems.The review concludes with research trends including multimodal fusion,lightweight models,and self-supervised learning.
文摘With the advent of the digital era,the field of communications is undergoing profound transformation.Among the most groundbreaking developments is the emergence of non-terrestrial networks(NTN),which represent not only a technological leap forward but also a major trend shaping the future of global connectivity.As a layered heterogeneous network,NTN integrates multiple aerial platforms—including satellites,high-altitude platform systems(HAPS),and unmanned aerial systems(UAS)—to provide flexible and composable solutions aimed at achieving seamless worldwide communication coverage.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52401064 and 12472101)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(No.24B0172)+1 种基金Australian Research Council(ARC)through the discovery grants(No.DP240101131)the Post-graduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Hunan Province(No.CX20230657)
文摘Zinc(Zn)alloys exhibit substantial potential for application in the domain of metal materials that are both biodegradable and implantable because of their appropriate degradation rate and biocompatibility.Selenium(Se)has been widely employed in tumor treatment,positioning ZnSe alloys as promising candidates for the development of the next generation of antitumor degradable materials.However,the considerable disparity in melting points and the volatility of elemental Zn and Se pose significant challenges for alloying using conventional melting methods.Here,we report a Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy using silver selenide(Ag2Se)as the Se source for biodegradable implant materials.The alloy's antibacterial and antitumor capabilities,along with its mechanical,corrosion,and biocompatibility properties,were assessed and then compared to the properties of a Zn-4Ag alloy.Both alloys consisted primarily ofη-Zn andε-AgZn3phases,with the Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy additionally containing a minor amount of a ZnSe phase.The hot-rolled(HR)Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy exhibited an ultimate tensile strength of 211.5±2.3 MPa and elongation of 24.9%±0.6%.Additionally,the HR Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy demonstrated an electrochemical corrosion rate of 105.51±1.21μm year^(-1)and degradation rate of 59.8±0.2μm year^(-1)in Hanks'solution,meeting the performance criteria for degradable implant materials.The HR Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy also exhibited excellent antibacterial activity,evidenced by an inhibition zone diameter(IZD)of 2.22±0.01 mm and colony-forming unit count of 58±2.The HR Zn-4Ag-2Se alloy did not inhibit the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells but promoted reactive oxygen species production and finally cell death toward MG63 osteosarcoma cells.
基金the Deanship of Research and Graduate studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through a large group research project under grant number RGP2/96/45。
文摘It is advisable to look into efficient and environmentally friendly materials that have the ability to turn lost energy into electricity in order to mitigate the rapid depletion of fossil fuels and the ensuing environmental damage.In the present work density functional theory(DFT)was employed to analyze the structural,optical,electronic,and thermoelectric characteristics of novel half-Heusler AMnSb(A=La,Lu)materials.The structural stability of both compounds under consideration was verified by using the Birch-Murnaghan equations of states,which indicate that both compounds have structural stability due to ground-state energy levels being negative.Band structure and total density of state analysis display that LaMnSb has an energy band gap of 0.96 eV for spin-up(↑)and 0.21 eV for spin-down(↓)configurations.LuMnSb has band gap of 0.47 eV for spin-up and an indirect band gap of 0.3 eV for spin-down channel.In terms of its optical properties,LuMnSb exhibits maximal conductivity and absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range(99-462 nm),which makes it a desirable material for optoelectronic applications.Moreover,the transport characteristics of the examined materials were computed by means of the Boltztrap code based on Boltzmann transport theory.The thermoelectric parameters,like the thermal conductivity,Seebeck coefficient,and electrical conductivity are computed in the 200-1200 K temperature range.These anticipated results suggest that AMnSb(A=La,Lu)compounds would be the best choice for thermoelectric and green energy applications.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 21871008,21801247 and 21905292)the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(Program No.20dz1204400)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.QYZDJ-SSWJSC013)。
文摘Metal cyanamides are an emerging class of functional materials with potential applications in sustainable energy conversion and storage technologies such as catalysis,supercapacitors,photoluminescence and next-gen batteries.The[NCN]^(2-)as the anion,which is isolobal with[O]^(2-)endows metal cyanamides with similar physicochemical properties as oxides and chalcogenides.Whereas the unique quasI-linear structure and electronic resonance between[N=C=N]^(2-)and[N-C≡N]^(2-)of[NCN]entity bring out superior properties beyond oxides and chalcogenides.In this review,we present research status,challenges,and the recent striking progress on the metal cyanamides in the synthesis and applications.Specifically,the characteristic structures,physicochemical properties,synthetic methods with corresponding merits/demerits and latest applications in energy conversion and storage of cyanamides are summarized.The detailed outlooks for the new compounds design,morphology manipulation and potential applications are also exhibited.
基金Supported by Remote Sensing Support for Offshore Ocean Environment and Polar Sea Ice Early Warning Services(102121201550000009004)。
文摘This paper presents the networking observation capabilities of Chinese ocean satellites and their diverse applications in ocean disaster prevention,ecological monitoring,and resource development.Since the inaugural launch in 2002,China has achieved substantial advancements in ocean satellite technology,forming an observation system composed of the HY-1,HY-2,and HY-3 series satellites.These satellites are integral to global ocean environmental monitoring due to their high resolution,extensive coverage,and frequent observations.Looking forward,China aims to further enhance and expand its ocean satellite capabilities through ongoing projects to support global environmental protection and sustainable development.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through grant No.49790020
文摘CRESDA Application System of CBERS-1 was established in 1999. During the operation of the system for more than two years, about 240 000 scenes of CBERS-1 Level 0 data have been archived and more than 13 000 scenes of Level 2 products have been ordered by end users from different application fields.In this paper, the typical examples of applications in crop yield estimation,calamity alleviation, resources survey and protection, environment monitoring and continuable development, and urban planning are mainly described.
