乳腺癌是中国女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其中遗传性乳腺癌占5%~10%,BRCA1/2基因突变是最主要的遗传易感因素。近年来,尽管多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶[poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase,PARP]抑制剂等靶向药物的应用改善了BRCA突变乳腺癌患者的预后...乳腺癌是中国女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其中遗传性乳腺癌占5%~10%,BRCA1/2基因突变是最主要的遗传易感因素。近年来,尽管多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶[poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase,PARP]抑制剂等靶向药物的应用改善了BRCA突变乳腺癌患者的预后,但在临床实践中仍存在诸多亟待解决的问题,包括突变检测的规范化、精准治疗策略的优化及长期管理的完善等。针对这些临床问题,本共识专家组基于《中国乳腺癌患者BRCA1/2基因检测与临床应用专家共识(2018年版)》及国内外最新循证医学证据,结合中国临床实践特点,对BRCA1/2基因检测的适用人群、检测方法、结果解读、治疗策略和风险管理等关键环节进行了系统评估和深入讨论,最终形成《中国乳腺癌患者BRCA1/2基因检测与临床应用专家共识(2025年版)》。主要更新内容包括:①增加BRCA1/2基因突变与程序性死亡蛋白配体-1(programmed death ligand-1,PD-L1)表达的关系,以及BRCAness类型的相关内容;②规范基因检测的应用,如增加临床检测的意义、时机及样本选择、优化BRCA检测人群;③更新治疗策略,如BRCA1/2基因突变的非药物治疗、BRCA1/2基因突变三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC)患者的治疗、BRCA1/2基因突变激素受体(hormone receptor,HR)+/人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,HER2)-乳腺癌患者的治疗决策、PARP抑制剂的临床使用及不良反应管理;④增加长期风险管理的相关内容,如涵盖随访管理、预防性手术指征、新增基因检测的质量控制与要求、更新基因检测流程、报告内容及解读等。本共识旨在为临床医师提供规范化的诊疗指导,推动BRCA基因突变乳腺癌的精准医疗发展,最终改善患者生存及预后。随着研究的深入,本共识今后将持续更新以纳入最新的循证医学证据。本共识已在国际实践指南注册平台(Practice guideline REgistration for transPAREncy,PREPARE)注册,注册号为PREPARE-2025CN1085。展开更多
Objective： Triple-negative breast cancer（TNBC） is highly invasive and metastatic, which is in urgent need of transformative therapeutics. Tubeimu（TBM）, the rhizome of Bolbostemma paniculatum（Maxim.） Franquet, i...Objective： Triple-negative breast cancer（TNBC） is highly invasive and metastatic, which is in urgent need of transformative therapeutics. Tubeimu（TBM）, the rhizome of Bolbostemma paniculatum（Maxim.） Franquet, is one of the Chinese medicinal herbs used for breast diseases since the ancient times. The present study evaluated the efficacy, especially the anti-metastatic effects of the dichloromethane extract of Tubeimu（ETBM） on TNBC orthotopic mouse models and cell lines.Methods： We applied real-time imaging on florescent orthotopic TNBC mice model and tested cell migration and invasion abilities with MDA-MB-231 cell line. Digital gene expression sequencing was performed and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） analysis applied to explore the pathways influenced by ETBM.Moreover, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions（q RT-PCR） and Western blot were delivered to confirm the gene expression changes.Results： ETBM exhibited noticeable control on tumor metastasis and growth of TNBC tumors with no obvious toxicity. In compliance with this, it also showed inhibition of cell migration and invasion in vitro. Its impact on the changed biological behavior in TNBC may be a result of decreased expression of integrin β1（ITGβ1）, integrin β8（ITGβ8） and Rho GTPase activating protein 5（ARHGAP5）, which disabled the focal adhesion pathway and caused change in cell morphology.Conclusions： This study reveals that ETBM has anti-metastatic effects on MDA-MB-231-GFP tumor and may lead to a new therapeutic agent for the integrative treatment of highly invasive TNBC.展开更多
文摘乳腺癌是中国女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其中遗传性乳腺癌占5%~10%,BRCA1/2基因突变是最主要的遗传易感因素。近年来,尽管多腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶[poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase,PARP]抑制剂等靶向药物的应用改善了BRCA突变乳腺癌患者的预后,但在临床实践中仍存在诸多亟待解决的问题,包括突变检测的规范化、精准治疗策略的优化及长期管理的完善等。针对这些临床问题,本共识专家组基于《中国乳腺癌患者BRCA1/2基因检测与临床应用专家共识(2018年版)》及国内外最新循证医学证据,结合中国临床实践特点,对BRCA1/2基因检测的适用人群、检测方法、结果解读、治疗策略和风险管理等关键环节进行了系统评估和深入讨论,最终形成《中国乳腺癌患者BRCA1/2基因检测与临床应用专家共识(2025年版)》。主要更新内容包括:①增加BRCA1/2基因突变与程序性死亡蛋白配体-1(programmed death ligand-1,PD-L1)表达的关系,以及BRCAness类型的相关内容;②规范基因检测的应用,如增加临床检测的意义、时机及样本选择、优化BRCA检测人群;③更新治疗策略,如BRCA1/2基因突变的非药物治疗、BRCA1/2基因突变三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC)患者的治疗、BRCA1/2基因突变激素受体(hormone receptor,HR)+/人表皮生长因子受体2(human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,HER2)-乳腺癌患者的治疗决策、PARP抑制剂的临床使用及不良反应管理;④增加长期风险管理的相关内容,如涵盖随访管理、预防性手术指征、新增基因检测的质量控制与要求、更新基因检测流程、报告内容及解读等。本共识旨在为临床医师提供规范化的诊疗指导,推动BRCA基因突变乳腺癌的精准医疗发展,最终改善患者生存及预后。随着研究的深入,本共识今后将持续更新以纳入最新的循证医学证据。本共识已在国际实践指南注册平台(Practice guideline REgistration for transPAREncy,PREPARE)注册,注册号为PREPARE-2025CN1085。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant (No. 81303129)Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Grant (Project ID: 2016-jxs-548)
文摘Objective： Triple-negative breast cancer（TNBC） is highly invasive and metastatic, which is in urgent need of transformative therapeutics. Tubeimu（TBM）, the rhizome of Bolbostemma paniculatum（Maxim.） Franquet, is one of the Chinese medicinal herbs used for breast diseases since the ancient times. The present study evaluated the efficacy, especially the anti-metastatic effects of the dichloromethane extract of Tubeimu（ETBM） on TNBC orthotopic mouse models and cell lines.Methods： We applied real-time imaging on florescent orthotopic TNBC mice model and tested cell migration and invasion abilities with MDA-MB-231 cell line. Digital gene expression sequencing was performed and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） analysis applied to explore the pathways influenced by ETBM.Moreover, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions（q RT-PCR） and Western blot were delivered to confirm the gene expression changes.Results： ETBM exhibited noticeable control on tumor metastasis and growth of TNBC tumors with no obvious toxicity. In compliance with this, it also showed inhibition of cell migration and invasion in vitro. Its impact on the changed biological behavior in TNBC may be a result of decreased expression of integrin β1（ITGβ1）, integrin β8（ITGβ8） and Rho GTPase activating protein 5（ARHGAP5）, which disabled the focal adhesion pathway and caused change in cell morphology.Conclusions： This study reveals that ETBM has anti-metastatic effects on MDA-MB-231-GFP tumor and may lead to a new therapeutic agent for the integrative treatment of highly invasive TNBC.
