The growing global burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)demands a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms and risk factors.Recent studies,such as the large population-based case-co...The growing global burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)demands a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms and risk factors.Recent studies,such as the large population-based case-control analysis by Abdel-Razeq et al,suggest a significant association between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection and an increased risk of developing MASH.This study provides compelling data supporting this association,even after adjusting for confounders such as obesity,diabetes,and hyperlipidemia.However,the complexity of this relationship remains unresolved,requiring further investigation into the biological,genetic,and environmental pathways that connect these two conditions.This article critically reviews the study’s findings and identifies its limitations,offering innovative research directions for the future.Key areas of focus include integrating genomic and microbiome analyses,exploring the impact of H.pylori eradication on MASH progression,studying molecular mechanisms at the intersection of infection and liver disease,and developing personalized therapeutic strategies.展开更多
Alkaline soil is characterized by high soluble salt content,elevated pH levels,and ionic imbalance,all of which collectively intensify the harmful effects of alkaline stress on plants.To gain molecular insights into a...Alkaline soil is characterized by high soluble salt content,elevated pH levels,and ionic imbalance,all of which collectively intensify the harmful effects of alkaline stress on plants.To gain molecular insights into alkaline tolerance(AT),we evaluated 13 AT-related traits in 508 diverse rice accessions from the 3K Rice Germplasm Project at the seedling stage.A total of 2929764,2059114,and 1365868 single nucleotide polymorphisms were used to identify alkaline-tolerance QTLs via genome-wide association studies(GWAS)in the entire population as well as in the xian and geng subpopulations,respectively.Candidate genes and their superior haplotypes were further identified through gene-based association,haplotype analysis,and gene function annotation.In total,99 QTLs were identified for AT by GWAS,and three genes(LOC_Os03g49050 for qSSD3.1,LOC_Os05g48760 for qSKC5,and LOC_Os12g01922 for qSNC12)were selected as the most promising candidate genes.Furthermore,we successfully mined superior alleles of key candidate genes from natural variants associated with AT-related traits.This study identified crucial candidate genes and their favorable alleles for AT traits,laying a foundation for further gene cloning and the development of AT rice varieties via marker-assisted selection.展开更多
Angelica L.has attracted global interest for its traditional medicinal uses and commercial values.However,few studies have focused on the metabolomic differences among the Angelica species.In this study,widely targete...Angelica L.has attracted global interest for its traditional medicinal uses and commercial values.However,few studies have focused on the metabolomic differences among the Angelica species.In this study,widely targeted metabolomics based on gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was employed to analyze the metabolomes of four Angelica species(Angelicasinensis(Oliv.)Diels(A.sinensis),Angelica biserrata(R.H.Shan &Yuan)C.Q.Yuan & R.H.Shan(A.biserrata),Angelica dahurica(Hoffm.)Benth.& Hook.f.ex Franch.& Sav.(A.dahurica)and Angelica keiskei Koidz.(A.keiskei)).A total of 698 volatile metabolites were identified and classified into fifteen different categories.The metabo-lomic analysis indicated that 7-hydroxycoumarin and Z-ligustilide accumulated at significantly higher levels in A.sinensis,whereas bornyl acetate showed the opposite pattern.Furthermore,a high correspondence between the dendrogram of metabolite contents and phylogenetic positions of the four species.This study provides a comprehensive biochemical map for the exploitation,application and development of the Angelica species as medicinal plants or health-related dietary supplements.展开更多
Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challengin...Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challenging due to its large genome size and high proportion of repetitive sequences.Allele-specific expression(ASE)plays a key role in regulating plant development and evolution,yet research on ASE in coconut is limited(Shao et al.,2019;Li et al.,2021;Zhang et al.,2021;Hu et al.,2022).Among phenotypic traits,fruit color is especially important as an indicator of maturity,guiding harvest timing and post-harvest processes(Kapoor et al.,2022).While prior studies have explored various coconut traits such as salt tolerance,fiber content,and plant height(Wang et al.,2021;Yang et al.,2021),investigations into ASE and fruit color remain scarce.展开更多
Nondestructive measurement technology of phenotype can provide substantial phenotypic data support for applications such as seedling breeding,management,and quality testing.The current method of measuring seedling phe...Nondestructive measurement technology of phenotype can provide substantial phenotypic data support for applications such as seedling breeding,management,and quality testing.The current method of measuring seedling phenotypes mainly relies on manual measurement which is inefficient,subjective and destroys samples.Therefore,the paper proposes a nondestructive measurement method for the canopy phenotype of the watermelon plug seedlings based on deep learning.The Azure Kinect was used to shoot canopy color images,depth images,and RGB-D images of the watermelon plug seedlings.The Mask-RCNN network was used to classify,segment,and count the canopy leaves of the watermelon plug seedlings.To reduce the error of leaf area measurement caused by mutual occlusion of leaves,the leaves were repaired by CycleGAN,and the depth images were restored by image processing.Then,the Delaunay triangulation was adopted to measure the leaf area in the leaf point cloud.The YOLOX target detection network was used to identify the growing point position of each seedling on the plug tray.Then the depth differences between the growing point and the upper surface of the plug tray were calculated to obtain plant height.The experiment results show that the nondestructive measurement algorithm proposed in this paper achieves good measurement performance for the watermelon plug seedlings from the 1 true-leaf to 3 true-leaf stages.The average relative error of measurement is 2.33%for the number of true leaves,4.59%for the number of cotyledons,8.37%for the leaf area,and 3.27%for the plant height.The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm in this paper provides an effective solution for the nondestructive measurement of the canopy phenotype of the plug seedlings.展开更多
AIM To describe,using gait analysis,the development of spinal motion in the growing child.METHODS Thirty-six healthy children aged from 3 to 16 years old were included in this study for a gait analysis(9m-walk).Variou...AIM To describe,using gait analysis,the development of spinal motion in the growing child.METHODS Thirty-six healthy children aged from 3 to 16 years old were included in this study for a gait analysis(9m-walk).Various kinematic parameters were recorded and analyzed such as thoracic angle(TA),lumbar angle(LA)and sagittal vertical axis(SVA).The kinetic parameters were the net reaction moments(N.m/kg)at the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral junctions.RESULTS TA and LA curves were not statistically correlated to the age(respectively,P=0.32 and P=0.41).SVA increased significantly with age(P<0.001).Moments in sagittal plane at the lumbosacral junction were statistically correlated to the age(P=0.003),underlining the fact that sagittal mechanical constraints at the lumbosacral junction increase with age.Moments in transversal plane at the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral junctions were statistically correlated to the age(P=0.0002and P=0.0006),revealing that transversal mechanical constraints decrease with age.CONCLUSION The kinetic analysis showed that during growth,a decrease of torsional constraint occurs while an increase of sagittal constraint is observed.These changes in spine biomechanics are related to the crucial role of the trunk for bipedalism acquisition,allowing stabilization despite lower limbs immaturity.With the acquisition of mature gait,the spine will mainly undergo constraints in the sagittal plane.展开更多
The Jitang metamorphic complex is key to studying the tectonic evolution of the Northern Lancangjiang zone.Through structural-lithological mapping,structural analysis and laboratory testing,the composition of the Jita...The Jitang metamorphic complex is key to studying the tectonic evolution of the Northern Lancangjiang zone.Through structural-lithological mapping,structural analysis and laboratory testing,the composition of the Jitang metamorphic complex was determined.The macro-and microstructural analyses of the ductile detachment shear zone(Guoxuepu ductile shear zone,2–4 km wide)between the metamorphic complex and the overlying sedimentary cap show that the shear sense of the ductile shear zones is top-to-the-southeast.The presence of various deformation features and quartz C-axis electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)fabric analysis suggests multiple deformation events occurring at different temperatures.The average stress is 25.68 MPa,with the strain rates(έ)ranging from 9.77×10^(−14)s^(−1)to 6.52×10^(−16)s^(−1).The finite strain of the Guoxuepu ductile shear zone indicates an elongated strain pattern.The average kinematic vorticity of the Guoxuepu ductile shear zone is 0.88,implying that the shear zone is dominated by simple shear.The muscovite selected from the protomylonite samples in the Guoxuepu ductile shear zone yields a 40Ar-39Ar age of 60.09±0.38 Ma.It is suggested that,coeval with the initial Indo–Eurasian collision,the development of strike-slip faults led to a weak and unstable crust,upwelling of lower crust magma,then induced the detachment of the Jitang metamorphic complex in the Eocene.展开更多
Thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis are two related and pervasive processes that play crucial roles in plant adaptation to the environment.However,there have been few investigations into the molecular regulatory mec...Thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis are two related and pervasive processes that play crucial roles in plant adaptation to the environment.However,there have been few investigations into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of these phenomena.Cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)tendrils are ideal material for studying thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis because they display a combination of the two processes.Here,we generated the transcriptome profiles of cucumber tendrils at the young,stretch,and coiling stages.Genes related to receptor proteins,transmembrane transport,and ion transport were significantly enriched among those differentially expressed between stages.Pharmacological assays illustrated that three GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR(GLR)genes might play a vital function in perceiving or transducing touch stimulation signals.Comparing the transcriptomes of tendrils and roots after touch stimulation,we found that genes related to extracellular stimulus and xyloglucan metabolism might have conserved functions in the regulation of thigmomorphogenesis.The transcriptome atlas of thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis of cucumber tendrils constructed in this study will help further elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind these processes.展开更多
The present study aims to evaluate hepatitis A virus (HAV) prevalence and faecal contamination indicators <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span s...The present study aims to evaluate hepatitis A virus (HAV) prevalence and faecal contamination indicators <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Escherichia coli</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">E. coli</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in oysters from Oualidia lagoon (Moroccan Atlantic coast) and to study the correlation between the two parameters. The survey was carried out on 87 samples of oysters (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Crassostrea gigas</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) collected monthly between November 2015 and February 2017 from three sites corresponding to different oyster farms in the lagoon. Sanitary status of bivalve molluscs was assessed by </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">E. coli</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> enumeration using ISO 16649-3. Detection of hepatitis A virus, was carried out by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) according to ISO 15216-2 method. The prevalence of samples for which </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">E. coli</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> contamination exceeds the threshold of 230 </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">E. coli</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/100g of flesh and intravalvular fluid (FIF) is 43%. HAV RNA was detected in 2% of the samples analyzed. This RNA was even detected in a sample meeting the bacterial criteria. Viral health surveillance of bivalve molluscs is therefore necessary before their delivery for human consumption.</span>展开更多
Trials is a specialty of off-road cycling in which the rider has to face obstacle courses without resting feet on the ground. Technique in this sport has a great importance, since it reduces the risk of committing pen...Trials is a specialty of off-road cycling in which the rider has to face obstacle courses without resting feet on the ground. Technique in this sport has a great importance, since it reduces the risk of committing penalties and allows more efficient execution of the gesture. To improve technique, the motion analysis allows to study the gesture both qualitatively and quantitatively. In this work video analysis was used to study the side hop from rear wheel technique. Two different executions of this technique were analyzed. The primary purpose is the identification of the phases that make up the technical gesture. It was given an explanation to the movement strategies adopted in the execution of the jump in the two different situations.展开更多
The dominant element in ballet is the search for flawless performance. The specific training required from early years may cause some changes compared to the normal human anatomy and physiology. The aim of this study ...The dominant element in ballet is the search for flawless performance. The specific training required from early years may cause some changes compared to the normal human anatomy and physiology. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of motion analysis technologies for the evaluation of frequent changes in biomechanics of posture and dance. This paper presents an overview of the literature on the main postural compensation employed by the dancer; more specifically on the training effect of the fundamental basic techniques in ballet. It then focuses on the characteristics and potential of motion analysis technologies for the biomechanical evaluation of the dancer. The technologies investigated in this study are the optoelectronic system of gait analysis, which is one of the most advanced technologies for multifactorial motion analysis, integrated with the use of the force platform and the electromyography. These technologies enable a quantitative three-dimensional integrated multifactorial motion analysis in relation to kinematics and dynamics. Through specific systems of motion analysis, the instrumental analysis can describe objectively and with reasonable accuracy the biomechanics, the postural compensation, and the gait of the dancer.展开更多
Optoelectronic systems represent the gold standard of technologies used in the motion analysis for the evaluation of kinematics. Trials, a specialty of mountain biking, differ a lot from other cycling specialties, bec...Optoelectronic systems represent the gold standard of technologies used in the motion analysis for the evaluation of kinematics. Trials, a specialty of mountain biking, differ a lot from other cycling specialties, because in addition to pedaling, they require jumping techniques to overcome obstacles that involve the whole body. In this sport, more than in others, the evaluation of technical movements using optoelectronic systems goes far beyond simply assessing the biomechanics of pedaling or the correct positioning on the bike. Starting from a previous study conducted with video analysis technique applied to the lateral jumping technique, two versions of this technique were compared, considering the kinematics of the act, taking into account both the data relating the subject and the bicycle. The joint angles of the lower limbs and the angles described by the bicycle on the three space plane were considered. The major differences have been found in the ＂leap over＂ phase, about the bending of the lower limbs and the angles described by the bicycle.展开更多
Chinese Medicine(CM)has been widely used as an important avenue for disease prevention and treatment in China especially in the form of CM prescriptions combining sets of herbs to address patients’symptoms and syndro...Chinese Medicine(CM)has been widely used as an important avenue for disease prevention and treatment in China especially in the form of CM prescriptions combining sets of herbs to address patients’symptoms and syndromes.However,the selection and compatibility of herbs are complex and abstract due to intrinsic relationships between herbal properties and their overall functions.Network analysis is applied to demonstrate the complex relationships between individual herbal efficacy and the overall function of CM prescriptions.To illustrate their connections and correlations,prescription function(PF),prescription herb(PH),and herbal efficacy(HE)intranetworks are proposed based on CM theory to identify relationships between herbs and prescriptions.These three networks are then connected by PF-PH and PH-HE interlayer networks adopting herb dosage to form a multidimensional heterogeneous network,a Prescription-Herb-Function Network(PHFN).The network is applied to 112 classic prescriptions from Treatise on Exogenous Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases to illustrate the application of PHFN.The PHFN is constructed including 146 functions in PF intra network,89 herbs in the PH intra network,and 163 herbal efficacies in the HE intra network.The results show that herb pairs with synergistic actions have stronger relevance,such as licorice-cassia twig,licorice-Chinese date,fresh ginger-Chinese date,etc.The integration of dosage to the network helps to indicate the main herbs for cluster analysis and automatic formulation.PHFN also reveals the internal relationships between the functions of prescriptions and composed herbal efficacies.展开更多
Chitin is an abundant aminopolysaccharide found in insect pests and phytopathogenic microorganisms but absent in higher plants and vertebrates. It is crucial for mitigating threats posed by chitin-containing organisms...Chitin is an abundant aminopolysaccharide found in insect pests and phytopathogenic microorganisms but absent in higher plants and vertebrates. It is crucial for mitigating threats posed by chitin-containing organisms to human health, food safety, and agriculture. Therefore, targeting the chitin biosynthesisassociated bioprocess holds a promise for developing human-safe and eco-friendly antifungal agents or pesticides. Chitin biosynthesis requires chitin synthase and associated factors, which are involved in the modification, regulation, organization or turnover of chitin during its biosynthesis. A number of enzymes such as chitinases, hexosaminidases, chitin deacetylases are closely related and therefore are promising targets for designing novel agrochemicals that target at chitin biosynthesis. This review summarizes the advances in understanding chitin biology over the past decade by our research group and collaborates,specifically regarding essential proteins linked to chitin biosynthesis that can be exploited as promising pesticide targets. Examples of small bioactive molecules that against the activity of these targets are given.展开更多
Photosynthesis is one the most important chemical reaction in plants,and it is the ultimate energy source of any living organisms.The light and dark reactions are two essential phases of photosynthesis.Light reaction ...Photosynthesis is one the most important chemical reaction in plants,and it is the ultimate energy source of any living organisms.The light and dark reactions are two essential phases of photosynthesis.Light reaction harvests light energy to synthesize ATP and NADPH through an electron transport chain,and as well as giving out O_(2);dark reaction fixes CO_(2) into six carbon sugars by utilizing NADPH and energy from ATP.Subsequently,plants convert optical energy into chemical energy for maintaining growth and development through absorbing light energy.Here,firstly,we highlighted the biological importance of photosynthesis,and hormones and metabolites,photosynthetic and regulating enzymes,and signaling components that collectively regulate photosynthesis in tomato.Next,we reviewed the advances in tomato photosynthesis,including two aspects of genetic basis and genetic improvement.Numerous genes regulating tomato photosynthesis are gradually uncovered,and the interaction network among those genes remains to be constructed.Finally,the photosynthesis occurring in fruit of tomato and the relationship between photosynthesis in leaf and fruit were discussed.Leaves and fruits are photosynthate sources and sinks of tomato respectively,and interaction between photosynthesis in leaf and fruit exists.Additionally,future perspectives that needs to be addressed on tomato photosynthesis were proposed.展开更多
Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is an important fruit and vegetable crop in worldwide.The fertility of tomato reproductive organs can be dramatically decreased when ambient temperatures rise above 35°C,reducing tomat...Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is an important fruit and vegetable crop in worldwide.The fertility of tomato reproductive organs can be dramatically decreased when ambient temperatures rise above 35°C,reducing tomato fruit yield.It is necessary to identify transcription factors(TFs)and target genes involved in heat stress response(HSR)signaling cascades in tomato flower buds to improve tomato plant thermotolerance.In this study,we profiled genes expressed in three developmental stages of tomato flower buds.Red and turquoise modules for heat stress(HS)were identified through gene co-expression network analysis,and the genes within these modules were enriched in HS-related pathways.By focusing on the TFs in the two modules,we identified several novel HSR-related TFs,including SlWRKY75,SlMYB117,and SlNAM.Furthermore,homology analysis illustrated a conserved signaling cascade in tomato.Lastly,we identified and experimentally validated four HSF-regulated genes,namely SlGrpE,SlERDJ3A,SlTIL,and SlPOM1,that likely modulate thermotolerance in plants.These results provide a high-resolution atlas of gene expression during tomato flower bud development under HS conditions,which is a valuable resource for uncovering potential regulatory networks associated with the HSR in tomato.展开更多
Juglans sigillata is an economically valuable nut crop renowned for its nutritional richness,including essential nutrients,antioxidants,and healthy fats,which boost human cardial,brain and gut health.Despite its impor...Juglans sigillata is an economically valuable nut crop renowned for its nutritional richness,including essential nutrients,antioxidants,and healthy fats,which boost human cardial,brain and gut health.Despite its importance,the lack of a complete genome assembly has been a stumbling block in its biological breeding process.Therefore,we generated deep coverage ultralong Oxford Nanopore Technology(ONT)and PacBio HiFi reads to construct a telomere-to-telomere(T2T)genome assembly.The final assembly spans 537.27 Mb with no gaps,demonstrating a remarkable completeness of 98.1%.We utilized a combination of transcriptome data and homologous proteins to annotate the genome,identifying 36018 protein-coding genes.Furthermore,we profiled global cytosine DNA methylations using ONT sequencing data.Global methylome analysis revealed high methylation levels in transposable element(TE)-rich chromosomal regions juxtaposed with comparatively lower methylation in gene-rich areas.By integrating a detailed multi-omics data analysis,we obtained valuable insights into the mechanism underlying endopleura coloration.This investigation led to the identification of eight candidate genes(e.g.ANR)involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways,which are crucial for the development of color in plants.The comprehensive genome assembly and the understanding of the genetic basis of important traits like endopleura coloration will open avenues for more efficient breeding programs and improved crop quality.展开更多
Zinc(Zn)is an essential micronutrient for both plants and humans.Zn deficiency is common in many paddy fields and reduces yield and grain Zn content(GZC).To accelerate breeding for improved GZC and Zn deficiency toler...Zinc(Zn)is an essential micronutrient for both plants and humans.Zn deficiency is common in many paddy fields and reduces yield and grain Zn content(GZC).To accelerate breeding for improved GZC and Zn deficiency tolerance(ZDT)rice varieties,it is important to identify genes regulating Zn homeostasis.In this study,a member of the Ser/Thr protein phosphatase family,LOC_Os07g48840(named as OsGZ7),was found to contributed to ZDT and GZC in rice.The expression of OsGZ7 in roots and shoots was inhibited by Zn deficiency and toxicity,but induced by iron(Fe),manganese(Mn),and copper(Cu)deficiency,as well as chromium toxicity.OsGZ7 localized to the cytoplasm and was expressed in all tissues during the tillering,flowering,and grain-filling stages,particularly in the leaf blade and leaf sheath.At the seedling stage,knockout of OsGZ7 enhanced ZDT and increased Zn accumulation in both roots and shoots.At the maturity stage,knockout of OsGZ7 enhanced GZC,while overexpression of OsGZ7 reduced GZC.RNA-seq analysis suggested that OsGZ7 might regulate Zn homeostasis by affecting metal binding,hormone signal transduction,and oxidoreductase activity.Taken together,our findings indicate that OsGZ7 contributes to ZDT and Zn accumulation in rice.展开更多
Objective To predict the potential targets of Qingfu Juanbi Decoction(青附蠲痹汤,QFJBD)in treating rheumatoid arthritis(RA)using an improved Transformer model and investigate the network pharmacological mechanisms und...Objective To predict the potential targets of Qingfu Juanbi Decoction(青附蠲痹汤,QFJBD)in treating rheumatoid arthritis(RA)using an improved Transformer model and investigate the network pharmacological mechanisms underlying QFJBD’s therapeutic effects on RA.Methods First,a traditional Chinese medicine herb-target interaction(TCMHTI)model was constructed to predict herb-target interactions based on Transformer improvement.The per-formance of the TCMHTI model was evaluated against baseline models using three metrics:area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),precision-recall curve(PRC),and accuracy.Subsequently,a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was built based on the predicted targets,with core targets identified as the top nine nodes ranked by degree val-ues.Gene Ontology(GO)functional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the targets predicted by TCMHTI and the targets identified through network pharmacology method for comparison.Then,the re-sults were compared.Finally,the core targets predicted by TCMHTI were validated through molecular docking and literature review.Results The TCMHTI model achieved an AUC of 0.883,PRC of 0.849,and accuracy of 0.818,predicting 49 potential targets for QFJBD in RA treatment.Nine core targets were identified:tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,IL-10,IL-17A,cluster of differentia-tion 40(CD40),cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4(CTLA4),IL-4,and signal trans-ducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3).The enrichment analysis demonstrated that the TCMHTI model predicted 49 targets and enriched more pathways directly associated with RA,whereas classical network pharmacology identified 64 targets but enriched pathways showing weaker relevance to RA.Molecular docking demonstrated that the active molecules in QFJBD exhibit favorable binding energy with RA targets,while literature research further revealed that QFJBD can treat RA through 9 core targets.Conclusion The TCMHTI model demonstrated greater accuracy than traditional network pharmacology methods,suggesting QFJBD exerts therapeutic effects on RA by regulating tar-gets like TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6,as well as multiple signaling pathways.This study provides a novel framework for bridging traditional herbal knowledge with precision medicine,offering actionable insights for developing targeted TCM therapies against diseases.展开更多
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Putian University,No.2022059.
文摘The growing global burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis(MASH)demands a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms and risk factors.Recent studies,such as the large population-based case-control analysis by Abdel-Razeq et al,suggest a significant association between Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection and an increased risk of developing MASH.This study provides compelling data supporting this association,even after adjusting for confounders such as obesity,diabetes,and hyperlipidemia.However,the complexity of this relationship remains unresolved,requiring further investigation into the biological,genetic,and environmental pathways that connect these two conditions.This article critically reviews the study’s findings and identifies its limitations,offering innovative research directions for the future.Key areas of focus include integrating genomic and microbiome analyses,exploring the impact of H.pylori eradication on MASH progression,studying molecular mechanisms at the intersection of infection and liver disease,and developing personalized therapeutic strategies.
基金supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,China(Grant No.KCXFZ20211020163808012)the Nanfan Special Project,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,China(Grant No.YBXM2426).
文摘Alkaline soil is characterized by high soluble salt content,elevated pH levels,and ionic imbalance,all of which collectively intensify the harmful effects of alkaline stress on plants.To gain molecular insights into alkaline tolerance(AT),we evaluated 13 AT-related traits in 508 diverse rice accessions from the 3K Rice Germplasm Project at the seedling stage.A total of 2929764,2059114,and 1365868 single nucleotide polymorphisms were used to identify alkaline-tolerance QTLs via genome-wide association studies(GWAS)in the entire population as well as in the xian and geng subpopulations,respectively.Candidate genes and their superior haplotypes were further identified through gene-based association,haplotype analysis,and gene function annotation.In total,99 QTLs were identified for AT by GWAS,and three genes(LOC_Os03g49050 for qSSD3.1,LOC_Os05g48760 for qSKC5,and LOC_Os12g01922 for qSNC12)were selected as the most promising candidate genes.Furthermore,we successfully mined superior alleles of key candidate genes from natural variants associated with AT-related traits.This study identified crucial candidate genes and their favorable alleles for AT traits,laying a foundation for further gene cloning and the development of AT rice varieties via marker-assisted selection.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China,Grant 32470245.
文摘Angelica L.has attracted global interest for its traditional medicinal uses and commercial values.However,few studies have focused on the metabolomic differences among the Angelica species.In this study,widely targeted metabolomics based on gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was employed to analyze the metabolomes of four Angelica species(Angelicasinensis(Oliv.)Diels(A.sinensis),Angelica biserrata(R.H.Shan &Yuan)C.Q.Yuan & R.H.Shan(A.biserrata),Angelica dahurica(Hoffm.)Benth.& Hook.f.ex Franch.& Sav.(A.dahurica)and Angelica keiskei Koidz.(A.keiskei)).A total of 698 volatile metabolites were identified and classified into fifteen different categories.The metabo-lomic analysis indicated that 7-hydroxycoumarin and Z-ligustilide accumulated at significantly higher levels in A.sinensis,whereas bornyl acetate showed the opposite pattern.Furthermore,a high correspondence between the dendrogram of metabolite contents and phylogenetic positions of the four species.This study provides a comprehensive biochemical map for the exploitation,application and development of the Angelica species as medicinal plants or health-related dietary supplements.
基金supported by Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(CATAS-Nos.1630152023007,1630152023011,1630152023012,1630152023013)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32071805).
文摘Coconut(Cocos nucifera L.),a major oil and fruit crop of the Arecaceae family,is extensively cultivated across the Asia—Pacific region.Despite its agricultural importance,genome assembly in coconut remains challenging due to its large genome size and high proportion of repetitive sequences.Allele-specific expression(ASE)plays a key role in regulating plant development and evolution,yet research on ASE in coconut is limited(Shao et al.,2019;Li et al.,2021;Zhang et al.,2021;Hu et al.,2022).Among phenotypic traits,fruit color is especially important as an indicator of maturity,guiding harvest timing and post-harvest processes(Kapoor et al.,2022).While prior studies have explored various coconut traits such as salt tolerance,fiber content,and plant height(Wang et al.,2021;Yang et al.,2021),investigations into ASE and fruit color remain scarce.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFD1001900)the HZAU-AGIS Cooperation Fund(Grant No.SZYJY2022006).
文摘Nondestructive measurement technology of phenotype can provide substantial phenotypic data support for applications such as seedling breeding,management,and quality testing.The current method of measuring seedling phenotypes mainly relies on manual measurement which is inefficient,subjective and destroys samples.Therefore,the paper proposes a nondestructive measurement method for the canopy phenotype of the watermelon plug seedlings based on deep learning.The Azure Kinect was used to shoot canopy color images,depth images,and RGB-D images of the watermelon plug seedlings.The Mask-RCNN network was used to classify,segment,and count the canopy leaves of the watermelon plug seedlings.To reduce the error of leaf area measurement caused by mutual occlusion of leaves,the leaves were repaired by CycleGAN,and the depth images were restored by image processing.Then,the Delaunay triangulation was adopted to measure the leaf area in the leaf point cloud.The YOLOX target detection network was used to identify the growing point position of each seedling on the plug tray.Then the depth differences between the growing point and the upper surface of the plug tray were calculated to obtain plant height.The experiment results show that the nondestructive measurement algorithm proposed in this paper achieves good measurement performance for the watermelon plug seedlings from the 1 true-leaf to 3 true-leaf stages.The average relative error of measurement is 2.33%for the number of true leaves,4.59%for the number of cotyledons,8.37%for the leaf area,and 3.27%for the plant height.The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm in this paper provides an effective solution for the nondestructive measurement of the canopy phenotype of the plug seedlings.
文摘AIM To describe,using gait analysis,the development of spinal motion in the growing child.METHODS Thirty-six healthy children aged from 3 to 16 years old were included in this study for a gait analysis(9m-walk).Various kinematic parameters were recorded and analyzed such as thoracic angle(TA),lumbar angle(LA)and sagittal vertical axis(SVA).The kinetic parameters were the net reaction moments(N.m/kg)at the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral junctions.RESULTS TA and LA curves were not statistically correlated to the age(respectively,P=0.32 and P=0.41).SVA increased significantly with age(P<0.001).Moments in sagittal plane at the lumbosacral junction were statistically correlated to the age(P=0.003),underlining the fact that sagittal mechanical constraints at the lumbosacral junction increase with age.Moments in transversal plane at the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral junctions were statistically correlated to the age(P=0.0002and P=0.0006),revealing that transversal mechanical constraints decrease with age.CONCLUSION The kinetic analysis showed that during growth,a decrease of torsional constraint occurs while an increase of sagittal constraint is observed.These changes in spine biomechanics are related to the crucial role of the trunk for bipedalism acquisition,allowing stabilization despite lower limbs immaturity.With the acquisition of mature gait,the spine will mainly undergo constraints in the sagittal plane.
基金financially supported by the China Geological Survey Scientific Research Project(Grant Nos.DD20190167 and DD20190053)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42172259).
文摘The Jitang metamorphic complex is key to studying the tectonic evolution of the Northern Lancangjiang zone.Through structural-lithological mapping,structural analysis and laboratory testing,the composition of the Jitang metamorphic complex was determined.The macro-and microstructural analyses of the ductile detachment shear zone(Guoxuepu ductile shear zone,2–4 km wide)between the metamorphic complex and the overlying sedimentary cap show that the shear sense of the ductile shear zones is top-to-the-southeast.The presence of various deformation features and quartz C-axis electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)fabric analysis suggests multiple deformation events occurring at different temperatures.The average stress is 25.68 MPa,with the strain rates(έ)ranging from 9.77×10^(−14)s^(−1)to 6.52×10^(−16)s^(−1).The finite strain of the Guoxuepu ductile shear zone indicates an elongated strain pattern.The average kinematic vorticity of the Guoxuepu ductile shear zone is 0.88,implying that the shear zone is dominated by simple shear.The muscovite selected from the protomylonite samples in the Guoxuepu ductile shear zone yields a 40Ar-39Ar age of 60.09±0.38 Ma.It is suggested that,coeval with the initial Indo–Eurasian collision,the development of strike-slip faults led to a weak and unstable crust,upwelling of lower crust magma,then induced the detachment of the Jitang metamorphic complex in the Eocene.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0906200)the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Shaanxi(Grant No.2021TD-32)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant Nos.CAAS-ASTIP and CAAS-ZDRW202009).
文摘Thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis are two related and pervasive processes that play crucial roles in plant adaptation to the environment.However,there have been few investigations into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of these phenomena.Cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)tendrils are ideal material for studying thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis because they display a combination of the two processes.Here,we generated the transcriptome profiles of cucumber tendrils at the young,stretch,and coiling stages.Genes related to receptor proteins,transmembrane transport,and ion transport were significantly enriched among those differentially expressed between stages.Pharmacological assays illustrated that three GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR(GLR)genes might play a vital function in perceiving or transducing touch stimulation signals.Comparing the transcriptomes of tendrils and roots after touch stimulation,we found that genes related to extracellular stimulus and xyloglucan metabolism might have conserved functions in the regulation of thigmomorphogenesis.The transcriptome atlas of thigmotropism and thigmomorphogenesis of cucumber tendrils constructed in this study will help further elucidate the molecular mechanisms behind these processes.
文摘The present study aims to evaluate hepatitis A virus (HAV) prevalence and faecal contamination indicators <span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Escherichia coli</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">E. coli</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) in oysters from Oualidia lagoon (Moroccan Atlantic coast) and to study the correlation between the two parameters. The survey was carried out on 87 samples of oysters (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Crassostrea gigas</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) collected monthly between November 2015 and February 2017 from three sites corresponding to different oyster farms in the lagoon. Sanitary status of bivalve molluscs was assessed by </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">E. coli</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> enumeration using ISO 16649-3. Detection of hepatitis A virus, was carried out by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) according to ISO 15216-2 method. The prevalence of samples for which </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">E. coli</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> contamination exceeds the threshold of 230 </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><i></i></span><i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">E. coli</span></i><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></i></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/100g of flesh and intravalvular fluid (FIF) is 43%. HAV RNA was detected in 2% of the samples analyzed. This RNA was even detected in a sample meeting the bacterial criteria. Viral health surveillance of bivalve molluscs is therefore necessary before their delivery for human consumption.</span>
文摘Trials is a specialty of off-road cycling in which the rider has to face obstacle courses without resting feet on the ground. Technique in this sport has a great importance, since it reduces the risk of committing penalties and allows more efficient execution of the gesture. To improve technique, the motion analysis allows to study the gesture both qualitatively and quantitatively. In this work video analysis was used to study the side hop from rear wheel technique. Two different executions of this technique were analyzed. The primary purpose is the identification of the phases that make up the technical gesture. It was given an explanation to the movement strategies adopted in the execution of the jump in the two different situations.
文摘The dominant element in ballet is the search for flawless performance. The specific training required from early years may cause some changes compared to the normal human anatomy and physiology. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of motion analysis technologies for the evaluation of frequent changes in biomechanics of posture and dance. This paper presents an overview of the literature on the main postural compensation employed by the dancer; more specifically on the training effect of the fundamental basic techniques in ballet. It then focuses on the characteristics and potential of motion analysis technologies for the biomechanical evaluation of the dancer. The technologies investigated in this study are the optoelectronic system of gait analysis, which is one of the most advanced technologies for multifactorial motion analysis, integrated with the use of the force platform and the electromyography. These technologies enable a quantitative three-dimensional integrated multifactorial motion analysis in relation to kinematics and dynamics. Through specific systems of motion analysis, the instrumental analysis can describe objectively and with reasonable accuracy the biomechanics, the postural compensation, and the gait of the dancer.
文摘Optoelectronic systems represent the gold standard of technologies used in the motion analysis for the evaluation of kinematics. Trials, a specialty of mountain biking, differ a lot from other cycling specialties, because in addition to pedaling, they require jumping techniques to overcome obstacles that involve the whole body. In this sport, more than in others, the evaluation of technical movements using optoelectronic systems goes far beyond simply assessing the biomechanics of pedaling or the correct positioning on the bike. Starting from a previous study conducted with video analysis technique applied to the lateral jumping technique, two versions of this technique were compared, considering the kinematics of the act, taking into account both the data relating the subject and the bicycle. The joint angles of the lower limbs and the angles described by the bicycle on the three space plane were considered. The major differences have been found in the ＂leap over＂ phase, about the bending of the lower limbs and the angles described by the bicycle.
文摘Chinese Medicine(CM)has been widely used as an important avenue for disease prevention and treatment in China especially in the form of CM prescriptions combining sets of herbs to address patients’symptoms and syndromes.However,the selection and compatibility of herbs are complex and abstract due to intrinsic relationships between herbal properties and their overall functions.Network analysis is applied to demonstrate the complex relationships between individual herbal efficacy and the overall function of CM prescriptions.To illustrate their connections and correlations,prescription function(PF),prescription herb(PH),and herbal efficacy(HE)intranetworks are proposed based on CM theory to identify relationships between herbs and prescriptions.These three networks are then connected by PF-PH and PH-HE interlayer networks adopting herb dosage to form a multidimensional heterogeneous network,a Prescription-Herb-Function Network(PHFN).The network is applied to 112 classic prescriptions from Treatise on Exogenous Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases to illustrate the application of PHFN.The PHFN is constructed including 146 functions in PF intra network,89 herbs in the PH intra network,and 163 herbal efficacies in the HE intra network.The results show that herb pairs with synergistic actions have stronger relevance,such as licorice-cassia twig,licorice-Chinese date,fresh ginger-Chinese date,etc.The integration of dosage to the network helps to indicate the main herbs for cluster analysis and automatic formulation.PHFN also reveals the internal relationships between the functions of prescriptions and composed herbal efficacies.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2022YFD1700200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 32161133010, 3230170969)+1 种基金the Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (No. KQTD20180411143628272)the Special Funds for Science Technology Innovation and Industrial Development of Shenzhen Dapeng New District (No. PT202101–02)。
文摘Chitin is an abundant aminopolysaccharide found in insect pests and phytopathogenic microorganisms but absent in higher plants and vertebrates. It is crucial for mitigating threats posed by chitin-containing organisms to human health, food safety, and agriculture. Therefore, targeting the chitin biosynthesisassociated bioprocess holds a promise for developing human-safe and eco-friendly antifungal agents or pesticides. Chitin biosynthesis requires chitin synthase and associated factors, which are involved in the modification, regulation, organization or turnover of chitin during its biosynthesis. A number of enzymes such as chitinases, hexosaminidases, chitin deacetylases are closely related and therefore are promising targets for designing novel agrochemicals that target at chitin biosynthesis. This review summarizes the advances in understanding chitin biology over the past decade by our research group and collaborates,specifically regarding essential proteins linked to chitin biosynthesis that can be exploited as promising pesticide targets. Examples of small bioactive molecules that against the activity of these targets are given.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research&Development Plan(Grants Nos.2022YFF10030022022YFD1200502)+7 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.3237269631991182)Wuhan Biological Breeding Major Project(Grant No.2022021302024852)Key Project of Hubei Hongshan Laboratory(2021hszd007)HZAU-AGIS Cooperation Fund(Grant No.SZYJY2023022)Funds for High Quality Development of Hubei Seed Industry(HBZY2023B004)Hubei Agriculture Research System(2023HBSTX4-06)Hubei Key Research&Development Plan(Grants Nos.2022BBA0066,2022BBA0062)。
文摘Photosynthesis is one the most important chemical reaction in plants,and it is the ultimate energy source of any living organisms.The light and dark reactions are two essential phases of photosynthesis.Light reaction harvests light energy to synthesize ATP and NADPH through an electron transport chain,and as well as giving out O_(2);dark reaction fixes CO_(2) into six carbon sugars by utilizing NADPH and energy from ATP.Subsequently,plants convert optical energy into chemical energy for maintaining growth and development through absorbing light energy.Here,firstly,we highlighted the biological importance of photosynthesis,and hormones and metabolites,photosynthetic and regulating enzymes,and signaling components that collectively regulate photosynthesis in tomato.Next,we reviewed the advances in tomato photosynthesis,including two aspects of genetic basis and genetic improvement.Numerous genes regulating tomato photosynthesis are gradually uncovered,and the interaction network among those genes remains to be constructed.Finally,the photosynthesis occurring in fruit of tomato and the relationship between photosynthesis in leaf and fruit were discussed.Leaves and fruits are photosynthate sources and sinks of tomato respectively,and interaction between photosynthesis in leaf and fruit exists.Additionally,future perspectives that needs to be addressed on tomato photosynthesis were proposed.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32072571)the 111 Project(Grant No.B17043)the Construction of Beijing Science,and Technology Innovation and Service Capacity in Top Subjects(Grant No.CEFF-PXM2019_014207_000032)。
文摘Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is an important fruit and vegetable crop in worldwide.The fertility of tomato reproductive organs can be dramatically decreased when ambient temperatures rise above 35°C,reducing tomato fruit yield.It is necessary to identify transcription factors(TFs)and target genes involved in heat stress response(HSR)signaling cascades in tomato flower buds to improve tomato plant thermotolerance.In this study,we profiled genes expressed in three developmental stages of tomato flower buds.Red and turquoise modules for heat stress(HS)were identified through gene co-expression network analysis,and the genes within these modules were enriched in HS-related pathways.By focusing on the TFs in the two modules,we identified several novel HSR-related TFs,including SlWRKY75,SlMYB117,and SlNAM.Furthermore,homology analysis illustrated a conserved signaling cascade in tomato.Lastly,we identified and experimentally validated four HSF-regulated genes,namely SlGrpE,SlERDJ3A,SlTIL,and SlPOM1,that likely modulate thermotolerance in plants.These results provide a high-resolution atlas of gene expression during tomato flower bud development under HS conditions,which is a valuable resource for uncovering potential regulatory networks associated with the HSR in tomato.
基金supported by the Yunnan Seed Laboratory,China(202205AR070001-15)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(Grant No.32160697)。
文摘Juglans sigillata is an economically valuable nut crop renowned for its nutritional richness,including essential nutrients,antioxidants,and healthy fats,which boost human cardial,brain and gut health.Despite its importance,the lack of a complete genome assembly has been a stumbling block in its biological breeding process.Therefore,we generated deep coverage ultralong Oxford Nanopore Technology(ONT)and PacBio HiFi reads to construct a telomere-to-telomere(T2T)genome assembly.The final assembly spans 537.27 Mb with no gaps,demonstrating a remarkable completeness of 98.1%.We utilized a combination of transcriptome data and homologous proteins to annotate the genome,identifying 36018 protein-coding genes.Furthermore,we profiled global cytosine DNA methylations using ONT sequencing data.Global methylome analysis revealed high methylation levels in transposable element(TE)-rich chromosomal regions juxtaposed with comparatively lower methylation in gene-rich areas.By integrating a detailed multi-omics data analysis,we obtained valuable insights into the mechanism underlying endopleura coloration.This investigation led to the identification of eight candidate genes(e.g.ANR)involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathways,which are crucial for the development of color in plants.The comprehensive genome assembly and the understanding of the genetic basis of important traits like endopleura coloration will open avenues for more efficient breeding programs and improved crop quality.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFE0139400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31961143016)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,China(Grant No.JCYJ20200109150650397).
文摘Zinc(Zn)is an essential micronutrient for both plants and humans.Zn deficiency is common in many paddy fields and reduces yield and grain Zn content(GZC).To accelerate breeding for improved GZC and Zn deficiency tolerance(ZDT)rice varieties,it is important to identify genes regulating Zn homeostasis.In this study,a member of the Ser/Thr protein phosphatase family,LOC_Os07g48840(named as OsGZ7),was found to contributed to ZDT and GZC in rice.The expression of OsGZ7 in roots and shoots was inhibited by Zn deficiency and toxicity,but induced by iron(Fe),manganese(Mn),and copper(Cu)deficiency,as well as chromium toxicity.OsGZ7 localized to the cytoplasm and was expressed in all tissues during the tillering,flowering,and grain-filling stages,particularly in the leaf blade and leaf sheath.At the seedling stage,knockout of OsGZ7 enhanced ZDT and increased Zn accumulation in both roots and shoots.At the maturity stage,knockout of OsGZ7 enhanced GZC,while overexpression of OsGZ7 reduced GZC.RNA-seq analysis suggested that OsGZ7 might regulate Zn homeostasis by affecting metal binding,hormone signal transduction,and oxidoreductase activity.Taken together,our findings indicate that OsGZ7 contributes to ZDT and Zn accumulation in rice.
基金General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82474352)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2023JJ60124)。
文摘Objective To predict the potential targets of Qingfu Juanbi Decoction(青附蠲痹汤,QFJBD)in treating rheumatoid arthritis(RA)using an improved Transformer model and investigate the network pharmacological mechanisms underlying QFJBD’s therapeutic effects on RA.Methods First,a traditional Chinese medicine herb-target interaction(TCMHTI)model was constructed to predict herb-target interactions based on Transformer improvement.The per-formance of the TCMHTI model was evaluated against baseline models using three metrics:area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC),precision-recall curve(PRC),and accuracy.Subsequently,a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was built based on the predicted targets,with core targets identified as the top nine nodes ranked by degree val-ues.Gene Ontology(GO)functional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the targets predicted by TCMHTI and the targets identified through network pharmacology method for comparison.Then,the re-sults were compared.Finally,the core targets predicted by TCMHTI were validated through molecular docking and literature review.Results The TCMHTI model achieved an AUC of 0.883,PRC of 0.849,and accuracy of 0.818,predicting 49 potential targets for QFJBD in RA treatment.Nine core targets were identified:tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,IL-10,IL-17A,cluster of differentia-tion 40(CD40),cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4(CTLA4),IL-4,and signal trans-ducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3).The enrichment analysis demonstrated that the TCMHTI model predicted 49 targets and enriched more pathways directly associated with RA,whereas classical network pharmacology identified 64 targets but enriched pathways showing weaker relevance to RA.Molecular docking demonstrated that the active molecules in QFJBD exhibit favorable binding energy with RA targets,while literature research further revealed that QFJBD can treat RA through 9 core targets.Conclusion The TCMHTI model demonstrated greater accuracy than traditional network pharmacology methods,suggesting QFJBD exerts therapeutic effects on RA by regulating tar-gets like TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6,as well as multiple signaling pathways.This study provides a novel framework for bridging traditional herbal knowledge with precision medicine,offering actionable insights for developing targeted TCM therapies against diseases.
