Throughout this work,we explore the uniqueness properties of meromorphic functions concerning their interactions with complex differential-difference polynomial.Under the condition of finite order,we establish three d...Throughout this work,we explore the uniqueness properties of meromorphic functions concerning their interactions with complex differential-difference polynomial.Under the condition of finite order,we establish three distinct uniqueness results for a meromorphic function f associated with the differential-difference polynomial L_(η)^(n)f=Σ_(k=0)^(n)a_(k)f (z+k_(η))+a_(-1)f′.These results lead to a refined characterization of f (z)≡L_(η)^(n)f (z).Several illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate the sharpness and precision of the results obtained in this study.展开更多
Undoped and copper(Cu)doped zinc oxide(Zn_(1-x)Cu_(x)O,where x=0-0.065)nano crystal thin films have been deposited on glass substrate via RF/DC reactive co-sputtering technique.The aim of this work is to investigate t...Undoped and copper(Cu)doped zinc oxide(Zn_(1-x)Cu_(x)O,where x=0-0.065)nano crystal thin films have been deposited on glass substrate via RF/DC reactive co-sputtering technique.The aim of this work is to investigate the crystal structure of ZnO and Cu doped ZnO thin films and also study the effect of Cu doping on optical band gap of ZnO thin films.The identification and confirmation of the crystallinity,film thickness and surface morphology of the nano range thin films are confirmed by using X-ray diffractometer(XRD),scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope.The XRD peak at a diffractive angle of 34.44°and Miller indices at(002)confirms the ZnO thin films.Crystallite size of undoped ZnO thin films is 27 nm and decreases from 27 nm to 22 nm with increasing the atomic fraction of Cu(x_(Cu))in the ZnO thin films from 0 to 6.5%respectively,which is calculated from XRD(002)peaks.The different bonding information of all deposited films was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer in the range of wave number between 400 cm^(-1) to 4000 cm^(-1).Optical band gap energy of all deposited thin films was analyzed by ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer,which varies from 3.35 eV to 3.19 eV with the increase of x_(Cu) from 0 to 6.5%respectively.Urbach energy of the deposited thin films increases from 115 meV to 228 meV with the increase of x_(Cu) from 0 to 6.5% respectively.展开更多
In this article, we suggest a Sitter model in favor of compact stars in low-mass X-ray binaries.Here, we have considered the presence of a cosmological constant(on a small scale) to investigate the stellar structure. ...In this article, we suggest a Sitter model in favor of compact stars in low-mass X-ray binaries.Here, we have considered the presence of a cosmological constant(on a small scale) to investigate the stellar structure. We conclude that this approach is very suitable for the familiar physical model of compact stars in low-mass X-ray binaries. We calculate the probable radius, compactness(u) and surface redshift(Z_s) of six compact stars in low-mass X-ray binaries, namely Cyg X-2, V395 Carinae/2 S 0921–630, XTE J2123–058,X1822–371(V691 CrA), 4 U 1820–30 and GR Mus(XB 1254–690). We also offer a possible equation of state(EOS) for the stellar objects.展开更多
We study the inner structure of a neutron star from a theoretical point of view and the outcome results are compared with observed data. We propose a stiff equation of state relating pressure with matter density. From...We study the inner structure of a neutron star from a theoretical point of view and the outcome results are compared with observed data. We propose a stiff equation of state relating pressure with matter density. From our study we calculate mass（M）,compactness（u） and surface redshift（Zs） for two binary millisecond pulsars,namely PSR J1614–2230 and PSR J1903＋327,and four X-ray binaries,namely Cen X-3,SMC X-1,Vela X-1 and Her X-1,and compare them with recent observational data.Finally,we examine the stability for such a type of theoretical structure.展开更多
Social psychology of people affected by hazards is different from normal psychology. For example, severe bank erosion in the lower reach of the Bhagirathi River in West Bengal has resulted in significant land loss （-...Social psychology of people affected by hazards is different from normal psychology. For example, severe bank erosion in the lower reach of the Bhagirathi River in West Bengal has resulted in significant land loss （-60% of all households lost land over last 20 years） and affected the livelihoods of the people in the study villages along the river. Per capita income has almost halved from 1970-2012 due to land loss. This stark nature of land erosion and vulnerability of livelihood has had far-reaching repercussions on the fabric of society and the psychology of the people in this region. Results showed that erosion-affected villages have registered compara- tively larger average family sizes （-4.1 as compared to -3.9 in non-affected villages）, lower literacy levels （〈 50% compared to 〉 65% for the non-affected villages）, and poor health. Reports of poor health as a result of land erosion include -60% of the respondents having reported physical ailments such as headache and abdominal discomfort, as well as 3%-5% reporting loss of emotional and psychological balance. Villages suffering from erosion showed higher positive loadings in average-coefficient of variation （CV） differential （25%-40%） depicting objectivity in their opinions for select variables of social processes. Principal component analysis （PCA） por- trayed maximum eigenvalues in the first principal component for interpersonal processes （-98%） and a minimum for intergroup proc- esses （-80%）. Categorical principal component analysis （CATPCA） depicted a cluster between interpersonal and intergroup processes and another between intra-individual and group categories. The positive loadings in female-male differences in CV of perceptions portrayed relative consistency of males over the females concerning fear/phobia and physical stress while negative loadings exhibited higher consistency for females regarding psychological stress and shock. Lastly, the Taj fel matrix portrayed a distinction between hazard psychology characterized by maximum joint profit as found in Rukunpur, and normal psychology characterized by in-group favoritism as found in Matiari.展开更多
Precise energy eigenvalues of metastable bound doubly excited 1,3Fe states originating from 2 pnf(n=4–6)configuration of helium-like ions(Z=2–4)under weakly coupled plasma(WCP)environment have been estimated within ...Precise energy eigenvalues of metastable bound doubly excited 1,3Fe states originating from 2 pnf(n=4–6)configuration of helium-like ions(Z=2–4)under weakly coupled plasma(WCP)environment have been estimated within the framework of Ritz variational method.The wavefunction is expanded in explicitly correlated Hylleraas type basis set.The screened Coulomb potential is consideredas mimic the WCP environment.The atomic systems tend towards gradual instability and the number of excited metastable bound states reduces with increasing plasma strength.The wavelengths corresponding to 2 pnf(1,3F^e)→2 pnf(1,3Do)(n=4–6;n′=3–6)transitions occurring between doubly excited states of plasma embedded two-electron ions are also reported.展开更多
This paper deals with a two-dimensional （2D） problem for a transverselyisotropic thick plate having heat sources and body forces. The upper surface of the plate is stress free with the prescribed surface temperature...This paper deals with a two-dimensional （2D） problem for a transverselyisotropic thick plate having heat sources and body forces. The upper surface of the plate is stress free with the prescribed surface temperature, while the lower surface of the plate rests on a rigid foundation and is thermally insulated. The study is carried out in the context of the generalized thermoelasticity proposed by Green and Naghdi. The governing equations for displacement and temperature fields are obtained in the Laplace-Fourier transform domain by applying the Laplace and Fourier transforms. The inversion of the double transform is done numerically. Numerical inversion of the Laplace transform is done based on the Fourier series expansion. Numerical computations are carried out for magnesium （Mg）, and the results are presented graphically. The results for an isotropic material （Cu） are obtained numerically and presented graphically to be compared with those of a transversely isotropic material （Mg）. The effect of the body forces is also studied.展开更多
This paper presents a binary gravitational search algorithm (BGSA) is applied to solve the problem of optimal allotment of DG sets and Shunt capacitors in radial distribution systems. The problem is formulated as a no...This paper presents a binary gravitational search algorithm (BGSA) is applied to solve the problem of optimal allotment of DG sets and Shunt capacitors in radial distribution systems. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained single-objective optimization problem where the total line loss (TLL) and the total voltage deviations (TVD) are to be minimized separately by incorporating optimal placement of DG units and shunt capacitors with constraints which include limits on voltage, sizes of installed capacitors and DG. This BGSA is applied on the balanced IEEE 10 Bus distribution network and the results are compared with conventional binary particle swarm optimization.展开更多
Bound and resonance states of helium atom have been investigated inside a quantum dot by using explicitly correlated Hylleraas type basis set within the framework of stabilization method.To be specific,precise energy ...Bound and resonance states of helium atom have been investigated inside a quantum dot by using explicitly correlated Hylleraas type basis set within the framework of stabilization method.To be specific,precise energy eigenvalues of bound 1sns(~1S^e)(n=1-6)states and the resonance parameters i.e.positions and widths of^lS^e states due to 2sns(n=2-5)and 2pnp(n=2-5)configurations of confined helium below N=2 ionization threshold of He^+have been estimated.The two-parameter(Depth and Width)finite oscillator potential is used to represent the confining potential due to the quantum dot.It has been explicitly demonstrated that the electronic structural properties become sensitive functions of the dot size.It is observed from the calculations of ionization potential that the stability of an impurity ion within a quantum dot may be manipulated by varying the confinement parameters.A possibility of controlling the autoionization lifetime of doubly excited states of two-electron ions by tuning the width of the quantum cavity is also discussed here.展开更多
A deep fusion model is proposed for facial expression-based human-computer Interaction system.Initially,image preprocessing,i.e.,the extraction of the facial region from the input image is utilized.Thereafter,the extr...A deep fusion model is proposed for facial expression-based human-computer Interaction system.Initially,image preprocessing,i.e.,the extraction of the facial region from the input image is utilized.Thereafter,the extraction of more discriminative and distinctive deep learning features is achieved using extracted facial regions.To prevent overfitting,in-depth features of facial images are extracted and assigned to the proposed convolutional neural network(CNN)models.Various CNN models are then trained.Finally,the performance of each CNN model is fused to obtain the final decision for the seven basic classes of facial expressions,i.e.,fear,disgust,anger,surprise,sadness,happiness,neutral.For experimental purposes,three benchmark datasets,i.e.,SFEW,CK+,and KDEF are utilized.The performance of the proposed systemis compared with some state-of-the-artmethods concerning each dataset.Extensive performance analysis reveals that the proposed system outperforms the competitive methods in terms of various performance metrics.Finally,the proposed deep fusion model is being utilized to control a music player using the recognized emotions of the users.展开更多
Classification of the patterns is a crucial structure of research and applications. Using fuzzy set theory, classifying the patterns has become of great interest because of its ability to understand the parameters. On...Classification of the patterns is a crucial structure of research and applications. Using fuzzy set theory, classifying the patterns has become of great interest because of its ability to understand the parameters. One of the problemsobserved in the fuzzification of an unknown pattern is that importance is givenonly to the known patterns but not to their features. In contrast, features of thepatterns play an essential role when their respective patterns overlap. In this paper,an optimal fuzzy nearest neighbor model has been introduced in which a fuzzifi-cation process has been carried out for the unknown pattern using k nearest neighbor. With the help of the fuzzification process, the membership matrix has beenformed. In this membership matrix, fuzzification has been carried out of the features of the unknown pattern. Classification results are verified on a completelyllabelled Telugu vowel data set, and the accuracy is compared with the differentmodels and the fuzzy k nearest neighbor algorithm. The proposed model gives84.86% accuracy on 50% training data set and 89.35% accuracy on 80% trainingdata set. The proposed classifier learns well enough with a small amount of training data, resulting in an efficient and faster approach.展开更多
The two-dimensional Dirac equation for a fermion moving under Kratzer potential in the presence of an external magnetic field is analytically being solved for the energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Subsequently, w...The two-dimensional Dirac equation for a fermion moving under Kratzer potential in the presence of an external magnetic field is analytically being solved for the energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Subsequently, we have obtained the Wigner function corresponding to the eigenfunctions.展开更多
Coronaviruses are responsible for various diseases ranging from the common cold to severe infections like the Middle East syndromes and the severe acute respiratory syndrome.However,a new coronavirus strain known as C...Coronaviruses are responsible for various diseases ranging from the common cold to severe infections like the Middle East syndromes and the severe acute respiratory syndrome.However,a new coronavirus strain known as COVID-19 developed into a pandemic resulting in an ongoing global public health crisis.Therefore,there is a need to understand the genomic transformations that occur within this family of viruses in order to limit disease spread and develop new therapeutic targets.The nucleotide sequences of SARS-CoV-2 are consist of several bases.These bases can be classified into purines and pyrimidines according to their chemical composition.Purines include adenine(A)and guanine(G),while pyrimidines include cytosine(C)and tyrosine(T).There is a need to understand the spatial distribution of these bases on the nucleotide sequence to facilitate the development of antivirals(including neutralizing antibodies)and epitomes necessary for vaccine development.This study aimed to evaluate all the purine and pyrimidine associations within the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence by measuring mathematical parameters including;Shannon entropy,Hurst exponent,and the nucleotide guanine-cytosine content.The Shannon entropy is used to identify closely associated sequences.Whereas Hurst exponent is used to identifying the auto-correlation of purine-pyrimidine bases even if their organization differs.Different frequency patterns can be used to determine the distribution of all four proteins and the density of each base.The GC-content is used to understand the stability of the DNA.The relevant genome sequences were extracted from the National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI)virus database.Furthermore,the phylogenetic properties of the COVID-19 virus were characterized to compare the closeness of the COVID-19 virus with other coronaviruses by evaluating the purine and pyrimidine distribution.展开更多
Background： Marker detection is an important task in complex disease studies. Here we provide an association rule mining （ARM） based approach for identifying integrated markers through mutual information （MI） bas...Background： Marker detection is an important task in complex disease studies. Here we provide an association rule mining （ARM） based approach for identifying integrated markers through mutual information （MI） based statistically significant feature extraction, and apply it to acute myeloid leukemia （AML） and prostate carcinoma （PC） gene expression and methylation profiles. Methods： We first collect the genes having both expression and methylation values in AML as well as PC. Next, we run Jarque-Bera normality test on the expression/methylation data to divide the whole dataset into two parts： one that follows normal distribution and the other that does not follow normal distribution. Thus, we have now four parts of the dataset： normally distributed expression data, normally distributed methylation data, non-normally distributed expression data, and non-normally distributed methylated data. A feature-extraction technique, ＂mRMR＂ is then utilized on each part. This results in a list of top-ranked genes. Next, we apply Welch t-test （parametric test） and Shrink t-test （non-parametric test） on the expression/methylation data for the top selected normally distributed genes and non-normally distributed genes, respectively. We then use a recent weighted ARM method, ＂RANWAR＂ to combine all/specific resultant genes to generate top oncogenic rules along with respective integrated markers. Finally, we perform literature search as well as KEGG pathway and Gene-Ontology （GO） analyses using Enrichr database for in silico validation of the prioritized oncogenes as the markers and labeling the markers as existing or novel. Results： The novel markers of AML are {ABCB11↑ U KRT17↓} （i.e., ABCBll as up-regulated, ＆ KRT17 as down- regulated）, and {AP1SI-UKRT17↓ U NEIL2-UDYDC1↓}） （i.e., AP1S1 and NEIL2 both as hypo-methylated, ＆ KRT17 and DYDC1 both as down-regulated）. The novel marker of PC is {UBIAD1 ｜｜U APBA2 U C4orf31： （i.e., UBIAD1 as up-regulated and hypo-methylated, ＆ APBA2 and C4orf31 both as down-regulated and hyper- methylated）. Conclusion： The identified novel markers might have critical roles in AML as well as PC. The approach can be applied to other complex disease.展开更多
Organic molecular ferroelectric diisopropylammonium chloride(dipaCl)was successfully synthesized using diisopropylamine,hydrochloric acid(57%)and methanol solution.Dielectric permittivity,impedance,modulus spectroscop...Organic molecular ferroelectric diisopropylammonium chloride(dipaCl)was successfully synthesized using diisopropylamine,hydrochloric acid(57%)and methanol solution.Dielectric permittivity,impedance,modulus spectroscopy and conductivity were systematically studied by Capacitance-Conductance(CP-G)measurements in the temperature range of 373-445 K.Dielectric property tests clearly show that the organic molecular ferroelectric dipaCl obeys Curies-Weiss law 1/e=(T-T0)/C.The real(Z′)and imaginary(Z″)parts of the electrical modulus were calculated from the various values of e′and e″.It is shown that AC conductivity satisfies the relation s(w)∞wn,where the power exponent n depends on temperature and frequency.From Arrhenius equation,the activation energies Es and Eh are also calculated which describes the complete conduction mechanism of dipaCl.展开更多
In this study,we evaluate power law inflation(PLI)with a monomial potential and obtain a novel exact solution.It is well known that the conventional PLI with an exponential potential is inconsistent with the Planck da...In this study,we evaluate power law inflation(PLI)with a monomial potential and obtain a novel exact solution.It is well known that the conventional PLI with an exponential potential is inconsistent with the Planck data.Unlike the standard PLI,the present model does not encounter the graceful exit problem,and the results agree fairly well with recent observations.In our analysis,we calculate the spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio,both of which agree very well with recent observational data and are comparable with those of other modified inflationary models.The employed technique reveals that the large cosmological constant decreases with the expansion of the universe in the case of the PLI.The coupling of the inflaton with gravitation is the primary factor in this technique.The basic assumption here is that the two metric tensors in the gravitational and inflaton parts correspond to different conformal frames,which contradicts with the conventional PLI,where the inflaton is directly coupled with the background metric tensor.This fact has direct applications to different dark energy models and the assisted quintessence theory.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12161074)the Talent Introduction Research Foundation of Suqian University (Grant No.106-CK00042/028)+1 种基金Suqian Sci&Tech Program (Grant No.M202206)Sponsored by Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Province and Suqian Talent Xiongying Plan of Suqian。
文摘Throughout this work,we explore the uniqueness properties of meromorphic functions concerning their interactions with complex differential-difference polynomial.Under the condition of finite order,we establish three distinct uniqueness results for a meromorphic function f associated with the differential-difference polynomial L_(η)^(n)f=Σ_(k=0)^(n)a_(k)f (z+k_(η))+a_(-1)f′.These results lead to a refined characterization of f (z)≡L_(η)^(n)f (z).Several illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate the sharpness and precision of the results obtained in this study.
基金Maulana Azad National Fellowship(MANF)Scheme of University Grants Commission,New Delhi,India。
文摘Undoped and copper(Cu)doped zinc oxide(Zn_(1-x)Cu_(x)O,where x=0-0.065)nano crystal thin films have been deposited on glass substrate via RF/DC reactive co-sputtering technique.The aim of this work is to investigate the crystal structure of ZnO and Cu doped ZnO thin films and also study the effect of Cu doping on optical band gap of ZnO thin films.The identification and confirmation of the crystallinity,film thickness and surface morphology of the nano range thin films are confirmed by using X-ray diffractometer(XRD),scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope.The XRD peak at a diffractive angle of 34.44°and Miller indices at(002)confirms the ZnO thin films.Crystallite size of undoped ZnO thin films is 27 nm and decreases from 27 nm to 22 nm with increasing the atomic fraction of Cu(x_(Cu))in the ZnO thin films from 0 to 6.5%respectively,which is calculated from XRD(002)peaks.The different bonding information of all deposited films was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer in the range of wave number between 400 cm^(-1) to 4000 cm^(-1).Optical band gap energy of all deposited thin films was analyzed by ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer,which varies from 3.35 eV to 3.19 eV with the increase of x_(Cu) from 0 to 6.5%respectively.Urbach energy of the deposited thin films increases from 115 meV to 228 meV with the increase of x_(Cu) from 0 to 6.5% respectively.
文摘In this article, we suggest a Sitter model in favor of compact stars in low-mass X-ray binaries.Here, we have considered the presence of a cosmological constant(on a small scale) to investigate the stellar structure. We conclude that this approach is very suitable for the familiar physical model of compact stars in low-mass X-ray binaries. We calculate the probable radius, compactness(u) and surface redshift(Z_s) of six compact stars in low-mass X-ray binaries, namely Cyg X-2, V395 Carinae/2 S 0921–630, XTE J2123–058,X1822–371(V691 CrA), 4 U 1820–30 and GR Mus(XB 1254–690). We also offer a possible equation of state(EOS) for the stellar objects.
基金support from IUCAA,in Pune,IndiaMSc,in Chennai,India for providing research facilities under the Visiting Associateship Programme
文摘We study the inner structure of a neutron star from a theoretical point of view and the outcome results are compared with observed data. We propose a stiff equation of state relating pressure with matter density. From our study we calculate mass（M）,compactness（u） and surface redshift（Zs） for two binary millisecond pulsars,namely PSR J1614–2230 and PSR J1903＋327,and four X-ray binaries,namely Cen X-3,SMC X-1,Vela X-1 and Her X-1,and compare them with recent observational data.Finally,we examine the stability for such a type of theoretical structure.
文摘Social psychology of people affected by hazards is different from normal psychology. For example, severe bank erosion in the lower reach of the Bhagirathi River in West Bengal has resulted in significant land loss （-60% of all households lost land over last 20 years） and affected the livelihoods of the people in the study villages along the river. Per capita income has almost halved from 1970-2012 due to land loss. This stark nature of land erosion and vulnerability of livelihood has had far-reaching repercussions on the fabric of society and the psychology of the people in this region. Results showed that erosion-affected villages have registered compara- tively larger average family sizes （-4.1 as compared to -3.9 in non-affected villages）, lower literacy levels （〈 50% compared to 〉 65% for the non-affected villages）, and poor health. Reports of poor health as a result of land erosion include -60% of the respondents having reported physical ailments such as headache and abdominal discomfort, as well as 3%-5% reporting loss of emotional and psychological balance. Villages suffering from erosion showed higher positive loadings in average-coefficient of variation （CV） differential （25%-40%） depicting objectivity in their opinions for select variables of social processes. Principal component analysis （PCA） por- trayed maximum eigenvalues in the first principal component for interpersonal processes （-98%） and a minimum for intergroup proc- esses （-80%）. Categorical principal component analysis （CATPCA） depicted a cluster between interpersonal and intergroup processes and another between intra-individual and group categories. The positive loadings in female-male differences in CV of perceptions portrayed relative consistency of males over the females concerning fear/phobia and physical stress while negative loadings exhibited higher consistency for females regarding psychological stress and shock. Lastly, the Taj fel matrix portrayed a distinction between hazard psychology characterized by maximum joint profit as found in Rukunpur, and normal psychology characterized by in-group favoritism as found in Matiari.
基金Supported under Grant No. EMR/2017/000737 from DST-SERB, Govt. of India, Grant No. 23(Sanc.)/ST/P/S&T/16G-35/2017 from DHESTB, Govt. of West Bengal, Indiaby the DHESTB,Govt.of West Bengal,India under Grant No.249(Sanc.)/ST/P/S&T/16G-26/2017
文摘Precise energy eigenvalues of metastable bound doubly excited 1,3Fe states originating from 2 pnf(n=4–6)configuration of helium-like ions(Z=2–4)under weakly coupled plasma(WCP)environment have been estimated within the framework of Ritz variational method.The wavefunction is expanded in explicitly correlated Hylleraas type basis set.The screened Coulomb potential is consideredas mimic the WCP environment.The atomic systems tend towards gradual instability and the number of excited metastable bound states reduces with increasing plasma strength.The wavelengths corresponding to 2 pnf(1,3F^e)→2 pnf(1,3Do)(n=4–6;n′=3–6)transitions occurring between doubly excited states of plasma embedded two-electron ions are also reported.
文摘This paper deals with a two-dimensional （2D） problem for a transverselyisotropic thick plate having heat sources and body forces. The upper surface of the plate is stress free with the prescribed surface temperature, while the lower surface of the plate rests on a rigid foundation and is thermally insulated. The study is carried out in the context of the generalized thermoelasticity proposed by Green and Naghdi. The governing equations for displacement and temperature fields are obtained in the Laplace-Fourier transform domain by applying the Laplace and Fourier transforms. The inversion of the double transform is done numerically. Numerical inversion of the Laplace transform is done based on the Fourier series expansion. Numerical computations are carried out for magnesium （Mg）, and the results are presented graphically. The results for an isotropic material （Cu） are obtained numerically and presented graphically to be compared with those of a transversely isotropic material （Mg）. The effect of the body forces is also studied.
文摘This paper presents a binary gravitational search algorithm (BGSA) is applied to solve the problem of optimal allotment of DG sets and Shunt capacitors in radial distribution systems. The problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained single-objective optimization problem where the total line loss (TLL) and the total voltage deviations (TVD) are to be minimized separately by incorporating optimal placement of DG units and shunt capacitors with constraints which include limits on voltage, sizes of installed capacitors and DG. This BGSA is applied on the balanced IEEE 10 Bus distribution network and the results are compared with conventional binary particle swarm optimization.
基金Financial Support under Grant No.37(3)/14/27/2014-BRNS from the Department of Atomic Energy,BRNS,Government of IndiaFinancial Support under Grant No.PSW-160/14-15(ERO)from University Grants Commission,Government of India
文摘Bound and resonance states of helium atom have been investigated inside a quantum dot by using explicitly correlated Hylleraas type basis set within the framework of stabilization method.To be specific,precise energy eigenvalues of bound 1sns(~1S^e)(n=1-6)states and the resonance parameters i.e.positions and widths of^lS^e states due to 2sns(n=2-5)and 2pnp(n=2-5)configurations of confined helium below N=2 ionization threshold of He^+have been estimated.The two-parameter(Depth and Width)finite oscillator potential is used to represent the confining potential due to the quantum dot.It has been explicitly demonstrated that the electronic structural properties become sensitive functions of the dot size.It is observed from the calculations of ionization potential that the stability of an impurity ion within a quantum dot may be manipulated by varying the confinement parameters.A possibility of controlling the autoionization lifetime of doubly excited states of two-electron ions by tuning the width of the quantum cavity is also discussed here.
基金supported by the Researchers Supporting Project (No.RSP-2021/395),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘A deep fusion model is proposed for facial expression-based human-computer Interaction system.Initially,image preprocessing,i.e.,the extraction of the facial region from the input image is utilized.Thereafter,the extraction of more discriminative and distinctive deep learning features is achieved using extracted facial regions.To prevent overfitting,in-depth features of facial images are extracted and assigned to the proposed convolutional neural network(CNN)models.Various CNN models are then trained.Finally,the performance of each CNN model is fused to obtain the final decision for the seven basic classes of facial expressions,i.e.,fear,disgust,anger,surprise,sadness,happiness,neutral.For experimental purposes,three benchmark datasets,i.e.,SFEW,CK+,and KDEF are utilized.The performance of the proposed systemis compared with some state-of-the-artmethods concerning each dataset.Extensive performance analysis reveals that the proposed system outperforms the competitive methods in terms of various performance metrics.Finally,the proposed deep fusion model is being utilized to control a music player using the recognized emotions of the users.
基金supported by the Taif University Researchers Supporting Project Number(TURSP-2020/79),Taif University,Taif,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Classification of the patterns is a crucial structure of research and applications. Using fuzzy set theory, classifying the patterns has become of great interest because of its ability to understand the parameters. One of the problemsobserved in the fuzzification of an unknown pattern is that importance is givenonly to the known patterns but not to their features. In contrast, features of thepatterns play an essential role when their respective patterns overlap. In this paper,an optimal fuzzy nearest neighbor model has been introduced in which a fuzzifi-cation process has been carried out for the unknown pattern using k nearest neighbor. With the help of the fuzzification process, the membership matrix has beenformed. In this membership matrix, fuzzification has been carried out of the features of the unknown pattern. Classification results are verified on a completelyllabelled Telugu vowel data set, and the accuracy is compared with the differentmodels and the fuzzy k nearest neighbor algorithm. The proposed model gives84.86% accuracy on 50% training data set and 89.35% accuracy on 80% trainingdata set. The proposed classifier learns well enough with a small amount of training data, resulting in an efficient and faster approach.
文摘The two-dimensional Dirac equation for a fermion moving under Kratzer potential in the presence of an external magnetic field is analytically being solved for the energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. Subsequently, we have obtained the Wigner function corresponding to the eigenfunctions.
基金We are thankful to King Addulaziz City for Science and Technology(KACST)Saudi Arabia for providing support.We are thankful to the Center of Smart Society 5.0[CSS5]for the support to complete this research.
文摘Coronaviruses are responsible for various diseases ranging from the common cold to severe infections like the Middle East syndromes and the severe acute respiratory syndrome.However,a new coronavirus strain known as COVID-19 developed into a pandemic resulting in an ongoing global public health crisis.Therefore,there is a need to understand the genomic transformations that occur within this family of viruses in order to limit disease spread and develop new therapeutic targets.The nucleotide sequences of SARS-CoV-2 are consist of several bases.These bases can be classified into purines and pyrimidines according to their chemical composition.Purines include adenine(A)and guanine(G),while pyrimidines include cytosine(C)and tyrosine(T).There is a need to understand the spatial distribution of these bases on the nucleotide sequence to facilitate the development of antivirals(including neutralizing antibodies)and epitomes necessary for vaccine development.This study aimed to evaluate all the purine and pyrimidine associations within the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence by measuring mathematical parameters including;Shannon entropy,Hurst exponent,and the nucleotide guanine-cytosine content.The Shannon entropy is used to identify closely associated sequences.Whereas Hurst exponent is used to identifying the auto-correlation of purine-pyrimidine bases even if their organization differs.Different frequency patterns can be used to determine the distribution of all four proteins and the density of each base.The GC-content is used to understand the stability of the DNA.The relevant genome sequences were extracted from the National Center for Biotechnology Information(NCBI)virus database.Furthermore,the phylogenetic properties of the COVID-19 virus were characterized to compare the closeness of the COVID-19 virus with other coronaviruses by evaluating the purine and pyrimidine distribution.
文摘Background： Marker detection is an important task in complex disease studies. Here we provide an association rule mining （ARM） based approach for identifying integrated markers through mutual information （MI） based statistically significant feature extraction, and apply it to acute myeloid leukemia （AML） and prostate carcinoma （PC） gene expression and methylation profiles. Methods： We first collect the genes having both expression and methylation values in AML as well as PC. Next, we run Jarque-Bera normality test on the expression/methylation data to divide the whole dataset into two parts： one that follows normal distribution and the other that does not follow normal distribution. Thus, we have now four parts of the dataset： normally distributed expression data, normally distributed methylation data, non-normally distributed expression data, and non-normally distributed methylated data. A feature-extraction technique, ＂mRMR＂ is then utilized on each part. This results in a list of top-ranked genes. Next, we apply Welch t-test （parametric test） and Shrink t-test （non-parametric test） on the expression/methylation data for the top selected normally distributed genes and non-normally distributed genes, respectively. We then use a recent weighted ARM method, ＂RANWAR＂ to combine all/specific resultant genes to generate top oncogenic rules along with respective integrated markers. Finally, we perform literature search as well as KEGG pathway and Gene-Ontology （GO） analyses using Enrichr database for in silico validation of the prioritized oncogenes as the markers and labeling the markers as existing or novel. Results： The novel markers of AML are {ABCB11↑ U KRT17↓} （i.e., ABCBll as up-regulated, ＆ KRT17 as down- regulated）, and {AP1SI-UKRT17↓ U NEIL2-UDYDC1↓}） （i.e., AP1S1 and NEIL2 both as hypo-methylated, ＆ KRT17 and DYDC1 both as down-regulated）. The novel marker of PC is {UBIAD1 ｜｜U APBA2 U C4orf31： （i.e., UBIAD1 as up-regulated and hypo-methylated, ＆ APBA2 and C4orf31 both as down-regulated and hyper- methylated）. Conclusion： The identified novel markers might have critical roles in AML as well as PC. The approach can be applied to other complex disease.
文摘Organic molecular ferroelectric diisopropylammonium chloride(dipaCl)was successfully synthesized using diisopropylamine,hydrochloric acid(57%)and methanol solution.Dielectric permittivity,impedance,modulus spectroscopy and conductivity were systematically studied by Capacitance-Conductance(CP-G)measurements in the temperature range of 373-445 K.Dielectric property tests clearly show that the organic molecular ferroelectric dipaCl obeys Curies-Weiss law 1/e=(T-T0)/C.The real(Z′)and imaginary(Z″)parts of the electrical modulus were calculated from the various values of e′and e″.It is shown that AC conductivity satisfies the relation s(w)∞wn,where the power exponent n depends on temperature and frequency.From Arrhenius equation,the activation energies Es and Eh are also calculated which describes the complete conduction mechanism of dipaCl.
文摘In this study,we evaluate power law inflation(PLI)with a monomial potential and obtain a novel exact solution.It is well known that the conventional PLI with an exponential potential is inconsistent with the Planck data.Unlike the standard PLI,the present model does not encounter the graceful exit problem,and the results agree fairly well with recent observations.In our analysis,we calculate the spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio,both of which agree very well with recent observational data and are comparable with those of other modified inflationary models.The employed technique reveals that the large cosmological constant decreases with the expansion of the universe in the case of the PLI.The coupling of the inflaton with gravitation is the primary factor in this technique.The basic assumption here is that the two metric tensors in the gravitational and inflaton parts correspond to different conformal frames,which contradicts with the conventional PLI,where the inflaton is directly coupled with the background metric tensor.This fact has direct applications to different dark energy models and the assisted quintessence theory.
