Objective:To isolate and identify microflora and fungal species at different phases during estrus synchronization of ewes and estimate their prevalence;compare the effectiveness of antimicrobial administration to intr...Objective:To isolate and identify microflora and fungal species at different phases during estrus synchronization of ewes and estimate their prevalence;compare the effectiveness of antimicrobial administration to intravaginal sponge on the changes in the vaginal micro-organisms and reproductive performance.Methods: Sixty Egyptian ewes were allocated into three equal groups (G: 1, 2 and 3). G1 was inserted with vaginal sponge containing medroxy-progesterone acetate and served as control;without antimicrobial additive. The other two groups were treated as G1, but sponges were previously injected with ciprofloxacin (G2), while sponges of G3 were injected with ciprofloxacin and clotrimazole. Vaginal swabs were collected from each treated ewe, prior sponge insertion, at sponge withdrawal and 48 h later for microbiological investigation and bacterial count. On the day of sponge removal, 300 IU/eCG was administered for each treated ewe. The identified bacterial strains before sponge insertion were tested for sensitivity with antimicrobial disks.Results:Bacterial isolates before sponge insertion were more sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Frequencies of ewes in estrus;the interval from sponge withdrawal to onset estrus and the duration of estrus were statistically similar among treated groups. The pregnancy rate in G2 (100%) was higher than G1 (66.7%) and G3 (82.4%). The total bacterial count before sponge insertion was similar between all treatments and increased significantly in all groups on the day of sponge withdraw. The prevailing bacteria on D0, D14 and 48 h after sponge removal for all treated groups wereStaphylococcus spp. followed byEscherichia coli. Regarding to fungus species, percentages of isolation increased from 5% (before sponge insertion) to 100.00% and 88.89% at sponge withdraw for G1 and G2, respectively. In G3, the fungus was declined from 10% (before sponge insertion) to 5% (at sponge removal).Conclusions:The concomitant treatments by antimicrobial to the vaginal sponge which used for estrus synchronization in ewes can improve reproductive performance.展开更多
The human and bovine lactoferrin have been studied extensively, but very few reports have been published concerning camel lactoferrin (cLf). The present study aimed to isolate cLf and evaluate its efficiency including...The human and bovine lactoferrin have been studied extensively, but very few reports have been published concerning camel lactoferrin (cLf). The present study aimed to isolate cLf and evaluate its efficiency including antimicrobial activity and immunomodulator effects. cLf isolation was attempted from camel milk whey using a cation exchange chromatography by SP-Sepharose. The antimicrobial activity of the isolated cLf was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aerogenosa) strains. The immune effect of cLf was studied by lymphocyte transformation test. It was found that cLf was separated around molecular weight of 80 kDa and showed significant inhibitory effect against E. coli followed by P. aeruginosa, S. agalactiae and S. aureus. cLf increased lymphocyte transformations mean values in a dose dependant manner. The highest transformations mean value was determined at 50 μg/mL. In conclusion, these results suggest that cLf is a potent natural antimicrobial and novel immunomodulator agent.展开更多
导演吉尔莫·德尔·托罗（Guillermo del Toro）再次创造出一部融合童话、情感与跌宕剧情的奇幻大作《水形物语》。在营造影片中的情绪与氛围上,摄影发挥了主导作用。德尔·托罗找到曾与他合作过《变种DNA》和《猩红山峰》...导演吉尔莫·德尔·托罗（Guillermo del Toro）再次创造出一部融合童话、情感与跌宕剧情的奇幻大作《水形物语》。在营造影片中的情绪与氛围上,摄影发挥了主导作用。德尔·托罗找到曾与他合作过《变种DNA》和《猩红山峰》的ASC/DFF摄影师丹·罗斯特辛（Dan Laustsen）。“创造这只水中生物的最后点睛之笔是光线,”德尔·托罗说：“如果摄影指导无法意识到这一点,那就白费工夫了。展开更多
文摘Objective:To isolate and identify microflora and fungal species at different phases during estrus synchronization of ewes and estimate their prevalence;compare the effectiveness of antimicrobial administration to intravaginal sponge on the changes in the vaginal micro-organisms and reproductive performance.Methods: Sixty Egyptian ewes were allocated into three equal groups (G: 1, 2 and 3). G1 was inserted with vaginal sponge containing medroxy-progesterone acetate and served as control;without antimicrobial additive. The other two groups were treated as G1, but sponges were previously injected with ciprofloxacin (G2), while sponges of G3 were injected with ciprofloxacin and clotrimazole. Vaginal swabs were collected from each treated ewe, prior sponge insertion, at sponge withdrawal and 48 h later for microbiological investigation and bacterial count. On the day of sponge removal, 300 IU/eCG was administered for each treated ewe. The identified bacterial strains before sponge insertion were tested for sensitivity with antimicrobial disks.Results:Bacterial isolates before sponge insertion were more sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Frequencies of ewes in estrus;the interval from sponge withdrawal to onset estrus and the duration of estrus were statistically similar among treated groups. The pregnancy rate in G2 (100%) was higher than G1 (66.7%) and G3 (82.4%). The total bacterial count before sponge insertion was similar between all treatments and increased significantly in all groups on the day of sponge withdraw. The prevailing bacteria on D0, D14 and 48 h after sponge removal for all treated groups wereStaphylococcus spp. followed byEscherichia coli. Regarding to fungus species, percentages of isolation increased from 5% (before sponge insertion) to 100.00% and 88.89% at sponge withdraw for G1 and G2, respectively. In G3, the fungus was declined from 10% (before sponge insertion) to 5% (at sponge removal).Conclusions:The concomitant treatments by antimicrobial to the vaginal sponge which used for estrus synchronization in ewes can improve reproductive performance.
文摘The human and bovine lactoferrin have been studied extensively, but very few reports have been published concerning camel lactoferrin (cLf). The present study aimed to isolate cLf and evaluate its efficiency including antimicrobial activity and immunomodulator effects. cLf isolation was attempted from camel milk whey using a cation exchange chromatography by SP-Sepharose. The antimicrobial activity of the isolated cLf was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aerogenosa) strains. The immune effect of cLf was studied by lymphocyte transformation test. It was found that cLf was separated around molecular weight of 80 kDa and showed significant inhibitory effect against E. coli followed by P. aeruginosa, S. agalactiae and S. aureus. cLf increased lymphocyte transformations mean values in a dose dependant manner. The highest transformations mean value was determined at 50 μg/mL. In conclusion, these results suggest that cLf is a potent natural antimicrobial and novel immunomodulator agent.
文摘导演吉尔莫·德尔·托罗（Guillermo del Toro）再次创造出一部融合童话、情感与跌宕剧情的奇幻大作《水形物语》。在营造影片中的情绪与氛围上,摄影发挥了主导作用。德尔·托罗找到曾与他合作过《变种DNA》和《猩红山峰》的ASC/DFF摄影师丹·罗斯特辛（Dan Laustsen）。“创造这只水中生物的最后点睛之笔是光线,”德尔·托罗说：“如果摄影指导无法意识到这一点,那就白费工夫了。
