In this paper we consider the class of Bazilevic functions for bi-univalent functions. For this we will estimate the coefficients a2 and a3 using Caratheodory func- tions and the method of differential subordination.
This review summarizes the safety and efficacy of statins in patients with cirrhosis.Due to concerns about the safety of statins in patients with impaired liver function,they have recently been investigated as a poten...This review summarizes the safety and efficacy of statins in patients with cirrhosis.Due to concerns about the safety of statins in patients with impaired liver function,they have recently been investigated as a potential treatment option in cirrhosis.The most clinically significant adverse event is statin-related myopathy,and this may be related to the high serum statin concentrations in the setting of severely impaired liver function.Rhabdomyolysis is the most serious and potentially life-threatening manifestation.It has recently been demonstrated that the recommended dose of simvastatin in patients with decompensated cirrhosis would be 20 mg/d because higher values,such as 40 mg/d,are associated with many adverse events,especially muscle injury.Likewise,simvastatin should not be administered to patients with Model for End-stage Liver Disease score>12 and/or Child-Pugh class C because of the high risk of severe muscle injury.Due to the pleiotropic effects,the focus on statins has shifted from being considered harmful to something useful.Through these effects,statins could prevent liver-related morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients.Observational studies in large populations of patients with cirrhosis have shown that treatment with statins to decrease high cholesterol levels was associated with a reduced risk of hepatic decompensation,hepatocellular carcinoma development and death.The few randomized controlled trials in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension showed that statins lower portal pressure,quite likely through a reduction in hepatic resistance.Another large randomized controlled trial in patients with variceal bleeding showed that simvastatin in addition to standard of care did not prevent rebleeding but improved survival rate.Despite these encouraging outcomes,the quality of the evidence regarding the use of statins is low or very low due to the observational characteristics of most of the studies involved.Therefore,it is advisable to perform further randomized controlled trials on a large series of patients with hard clinical endpoints,using different statin types and varying doses.The objectives would be to prevent liver-related morbidity and mortality rather than treating cirrhosis complications to take additional information that makes it possible to add statins to the standard of care of these patients.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONIt is axiomatic that the most effective and soundlybased plan of treatment of any disorder is one aimedat the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for itsdevelopment.This basic notion,coupled withrecent rep...INTRODUCTIONIt is axiomatic that the most effective and soundlybased plan of treatment of any disorder is one aimedat the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for itsdevelopment.This basic notion,coupled withrecent reports in which,surprisingly there is atotal lack of reference to the probable involvementof autonomic-arc-reflexes in the展开更多
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of periocular triamcinolone acetonide for the tr eatment of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), and the presence of ocular o r systemic adverse effects. Methods: A multicentre prospe...Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of periocular triamcinolone acetonide for the tr eatment of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), and the presence of ocular o r systemic adverse effects. Methods: A multicentre prospective pilot study was p erformed on patients diagnosed with Graves’ophthalmopathy less than 6 months be fore entry to the study. Patients were admitted to the study and were randomised into two groups: treatment and control. The treatment group received four doses of 20 mg of triamcinolone acetate 40 mg/ml in a peribulbar injection to the inf erolateral orbital quadrant. Both groups were evaluated by measuring the area of binocular vision without diplopia on a Goldmann perimeter and the size of the e xtraocular muscles on computed tomography (CT) scans. Ophthalmological and syste mic examinations were done to rule out ocular and systemic adverse effects. Foll ow up was 6 months for both groups. Results: 50 patients were eligible for the s tudy. 41 patients completed the study. There was an increase in the area of bino cular vision without diplopia in the treatment group (Σinitial: mean 231.1 (SD 99.9) and final absolute change, mean 107.1 (SD 129.0) compared to the control g roup (Σinitial: mean 350.7 (SD 86.5) and final absolute change, mean-4.5 (SD 6 7.6)). The sizes of the extraocular muscles were reduced in the treatment group (mean (inferior rectus initial values): 1.3 (0.7), final percentage change:-13. 2 (25.7), medial rectus initial values: 1.2 (0.6), final percentage change:-8.2 (20.7), superior rectus levator palpebrae initial values: 1.2 (0.6), final per centage change:-9.5 (29.1), lateral rectus initial values: 1.0 (0.4), final per centage change:-11.5 (20.6)) compared to the control group (inferior rectus ini tial values: 0.9 (0.3), final percentage change:-4.0 (21.5), medial rectus init ial values: 0.9 (0.3), final percentage change: 0.6 (22.4), superior rec tus l evator palpebrae initial values: 0.9 (0.3), final percentage change: 12.5 (37.5) , lateral rectus initial values: 0.9 (0.4), final percentage change:-0.5 (31.6) . Both measurements (degree of diplopia and muscle thickness) were statistically significant between groups (initial final). No systemic or ocular adverse effe cts were found. Conclusions: Triamcinolone administered as a periocular injectio n is effective in reducing diplopia and the sizes of extraocular muscles in TAO ophthalmopathy of recent onset. This form of treatment is not associated with sy stemic or ocular side effects.展开更多
Objectives To study the changes of nitric oxide, angiotensin Ⅱ and superoxide anion in renal artery hypertension pathogenesis. Methods Male Wistar rats weighing 256 -285g were divided into 5 groups randomly, 10 rats ...Objectives To study the changes of nitric oxide, angiotensin Ⅱ and superoxide anion in renal artery hypertension pathogenesis. Methods Male Wistar rats weighing 256 -285g were divided into 5 groups randomly, 10 rats of each group. Control group: false operation was made and routine diet was given; Ligature group: left renal artery was ligatured uncompletely and routine diet was given; Ligature + Losartan group: left renal artery was ligatured uneompletely and Losartan 20mg · kg^(-1) · d^(-1) was added in the drinking water; Ligature + L -Arg group: left renal artery was ligatured uncompletely and L -Arg 2g · kg^(-1) · d^(-1) was added in the drinking water; Ligature + L - Arg + Losartan group: left renal artery was ligatured uncompletely and L - Arg 2g· kg^(-1)· d^(-1) and Losartan 20mg · kg^(-1)· d^(-1) was added in the drinking water. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and at the end of the experiment. One week after ligature, blood was drawn to determine angiotensin Ⅱ, cGMP, nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), O_2^-, superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results Systolic blood pressure was higher in ligature group than that in control group (p <0.05), systolic blood pressure was much lower in ligature + Losartan group than that in ligature group. Heart rate did not change significantly after experiment (p > 0. 05). AngⅡ was higher in ligature group than that in control group, even much higher in ligature + Losartan group (p < 0. 01 ). There was no difference of cGMP in each group (p >. 05). The concentration of NO was lower in ligature group (p <0.05), NO was higher in ligature + L - Arg + Losartan group than that in ligature group (p <0.05). O_2^- was higher in ligature group and ligature + L - Arg group than that in control group (p < 0. 05), O_2^- was lower in ligature + Losartan group than that in ligature group (p <0. 05). The level of SOD was lower in ligature group than that in control group (p <0.05), higher in ligature + L- Arg group and ligature + L - Arg + Losartan group than that in ligature group (p <0. 05). Conclusions AngⅡ,O_2^- and NO imbalance play an important role in hypertension pathogenesis, LArg and losartan may have protective effect.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to verify the physiological effect and describe the intensity of training in response to internal and external loads,through Session Rate of Perceived Exertion and Speed High Intensity Dis...The purpose of this study is to verify the physiological effect and describe the intensity of training in response to internal and external loads,through Session Rate of Perceived Exertion and Speed High Intensity Distance in Meters reports,on professional soccer players engaged in weekly training(199 Sessions,43 weeks)and league games(32 official matches).Twenty-two male professional soccer players(n=22)of the Italian national championship under-19 are involved in this study during the season 2014-2015.Daily,Weekly and Monthly RPE(perceived exertion)Session(Borg CR-10 Scale)is a good indicator of the amount of work done:training time multiplied by perceived effort(TL=Training Time×RPE).With Arbitrary units(a.u.)produced by the individual and used for team-based data analysis,we analyze the intensity produced by workout depending on the working time.Furthermore,by means of global positioning system technology(K-Sport,Montelabbate PU,Italy 10 Hz),we statistically established the existing relationship with high intensity speed distance(>16 km/h)and session rate of perceived exertion to describe how the internal(represented by the sum of the stresses that the body undergoes an external load;is strictly subjective)and external loads(the objective quantification of the means used in training km routes,running speed,slope,type of recovery),are correlated(r=0.87,p<0.01,95%CI).The statistical analysis highlights how these methods are suitable to quantifying the high-intensity work done by the soccer player during the workout and the game.展开更多
There is some published evidence suggesting micro vascular endothelial dysfunction and dysautonomia involvement in Chagas disease in association with cardiomyocyte changes favoring disease progression. The combined tr...There is some published evidence suggesting micro vascular endothelial dysfunction and dysautonomia involvement in Chagas disease in association with cardiomyocyte changes favoring disease progression. The combined treatment between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drugs;Simvastatin, muscarinic antibody immunoadsorbent together with fungicidal drugs would open therapeutic possibilities in this disease.展开更多
The last twenty million years(Maastrichtian–Santonian)of Southern Hemisphere plesiosaur history is especially well recorded in the Weddellian Province(Patagonia;Western Antarctica and New Zealand).The oldest Late Cre...The last twenty million years(Maastrichtian–Santonian)of Southern Hemisphere plesiosaur history is especially well recorded in the Weddellian Province(Patagonia;Western Antarctica and New Zealand).The oldest Late Cretaceous plesiosaurs,two specimens referred to Polycotylidae indet.,come from the Santonian levels of the Santa Marta Formation,while the oldest elasmosaurids come from the lower Campanian of the same formation.In the lower Maastrichtian of the Snow Hill Island Formation the non-aristonectine elasmosaurid Vegasaurus molyi is recorded together with other non-diagnosable elasmosaurid specimens,but no aristonectines are present.Aristonectines appears in the Antarctic record in the upper Maastrichtian of the López de Bertodano Formation and are represented by Morturneria and cf.Aristonectes.The specimens from the upper Campanian previously referred to Aristonectinae indet.are referred to Elasmosauridae indet.,shortening the temporal record of Aristonectinae in Antarctica.Therefore aristonectines appears in the Antarctic record in the upper Maastrichtian of the López de Bertodano Formation and are represented by Morturneria and cf.Aristonectes.The Antarctic Cretaceous elasmosaurids show a paleobiogeographic connection with South America and New Zealand(Weddellian Province).This connection is indicated by the shared presence of the Aristonectinae Kaiwhekea katiki(New Zealand)and Aristonectes(Argentina and Chile).Recent phylogenetic analysis recovered the aristonectines within the Weddellonectia clade,which includes the aristonectines and the non-aristonectines Vegasaurus molyi(Isla Vega,Antarctica);Kawanectes lafquenianum(Argentina);Morenosaurus stocki and Aphrosaurus furlongi(California).Among the Weddellonectia,the aristonectines show a relatively large body size and extremely derived features and probably occupied a trophic niche that differed from the trophic niche of other elasmosaurids.By way of contrast Kawanectes lafquenianum is an extremely small body-sized elasmosaurid restricted to marginal marine(probably estuarine)environments.Therefore the Weddellonectia show high morphological and probably high ecological diversity.展开更多
We have considered several integral operators from literature and we have made a generalization of them. It can be easily seen that their properties are also preserved. Therefore, we use known results concerning the s...We have considered several integral operators from literature and we have made a generalization of them. It can be easily seen that their properties are also preserved. Therefore, we use known results concerning the starlike functions (see [1,2]) and we unify some known integral operators (see [3]) into one single integral operator, called I1(z), in Section 3 of this paper.展开更多
The use of food additives with xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity offers an alternative approach to hyperuricemic and gout disease treatment, and provides an example of antioxidant nutraceutics. The in vitro an...The use of food additives with xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity offers an alternative approach to hyperuricemic and gout disease treatment, and provides an example of antioxidant nutraceutics. The in vitro and in silico XO inhibitory activity of polyphenols from Uruguayan Tannat grape pomaces and propolis extracts was evaluated as well as the scavenging capacity of said compounds. When comparing propolis and grape pomace samples, the in vitro studies demonstrated that polyphenols extracted from propolis are more active as free radical scavengers than those from Tannat grape pomace. Both natural products effectively inhibited XO but the capacity of phenols present in GP is higher than the one present in P. The high content of anthocyanins in GP, absent in P, could account for this observation. In silico assays allowed us to determine relevant ligand-receptor interactions between polyphenols, from a database built with previously reported polyphenols from both natural products, and the active site of XO. The in silico results showed that compound (E)-isoprenylcaffeate from propolis was the best potential XO inhibitor displaying hydrophobic aromatic interaction between the conjugated ring of the caffeate moiety and polar interactions between hydroxyl groups from caffeate with the active site polar residues. Among grape pomaces, the Cyanidin-3-O-(6-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside was the best XO inhibitor;its moiety oxychromenyl being relevant to the docking stabilization. All these results lead us to propose Uruguayan propolis and Tannat grape pomace extracts as food additives as well as phytopharmaceuticals to decrease the uric acid levels in gout disease and to act against oxidative stress.展开更多
The Eocene–Oligocene Southern Ocean is thought to have played a major role in cetacean evolution.Yet,fossils from its heart—Antarctica—are rare,and come almost exclusively from the Eocene La Meseta and Submeseta fo...The Eocene–Oligocene Southern Ocean is thought to have played a major role in cetacean evolution.Yet,fossils from its heart—Antarctica—are rare,and come almost exclusively from the Eocene La Meseta and Submeseta formations of Marambio(Seymour)Island.Here,we provide a summary and update of this crucial fossil assemblage,and discuss its relevance in the broader context of cetacean evolution.To date,Eocene specimens from Antarctica include basilosaurids,a group of archaic stem cetaceans that had already fully adapted to life in water;and the archaic toothed mysticete Llanocetus,the second oldest crown cetacean on record(ca.34 Ma).This Eocene co-occurrence of stem and crown cetaceans is highly unusual,and otherwise only observed in Peru.Though related,at least some of the Antarctic species appear to be different from,and notably larger than their Peruvian counterparts,suggesting an early differentiation of the high latitude cetacean fauna.展开更多
The United States,Europe and China have all made progress in important as pects of Al governance:The EU has put into force its ArtificialIntelligence Act,the U.S.admin-istration has issued executive orders on AI,and C...The United States,Europe and China have all made progress in important as pects of Al governance:The EU has put into force its ArtificialIntelligence Act,the U.S.admin-istration has issued executive orders on AI,and China,too,has established its wn AI laws and regulations.These advances were made according to each actor's own criteria and governance models.展开更多
This article identifies and analyzes the effects of human pressures on the river systems,landscape,flow regime,and water quality in the Bucharest region,the largest urbanized area in Romania.The analyses focused on fo...This article identifies and analyzes the effects of human pressures on the river systems,landscape,flow regime,and water quality in the Bucharest region,the largest urbanized area in Romania.The analyses focused on four streams crossing the Bucharest region,namely the Dâmboviţa,Colentina,Argeş,and Sabar rivers.Our approach relied especially on three types of information:(1)spatial data;(2)hydrological data sets;and(3)water quality data.We made a diachronic analysis of the available maps and ran classic statistical analysis of the data sets,as well as trend analysis.At the same time,we compared the flows in natural(reconstituted)and modified(current)regimes.The results showed that the stream system and its associated landscapes have considerably changed due to several engineering works(reservoirs,dams,channelization works,diversion canals,water intakes,etc.).Under these circumstances,the flow regime suffered changes that differed among the rivers.Thus,the multiannual discharges of the Argeşand Dâmboviţa rivers did not exhibit significant changes,but only mitigated the monthly discharge variability.In the case of Sabar and Colentina,a significant increase of the annual and monthly discharges was identified,due to the water transferred from the neighboring rivers.Water quality worsened,especially on the lower courses of the Dâmboviţa and Argeşrivers,degrading the states and health of the aquatic ecosystems in the study region.展开更多
This work aimed to determine the effect of native probiotic administration on body weight gain, nutritional characteristics and fatty acid profile of meat of creole goats. Equally distributed forty postweaned goats (7...This work aimed to determine the effect of native probiotic administration on body weight gain, nutritional characteristics and fatty acid profile of meat of creole goats. Equally distributed forty postweaned goats (75 days old) divided into control (n=20) and probiotic (n=20) groups were fed ad libitum for 60 days with native pasture and commercial diet. Lactobacillus reuteri DDL19, Lactobacillus alimentarius DDL48, Enterococcus faecium DDE39, and Bifidobacterium bifidum DDBA mixed culture (108 CFU/ml, 1:1:1:1 ratio) were daily orally delivered to the probiotic group. At the end of the study, muscle samples (Longissimus dorsi, LD, and Bicep femoris, BF) were analyzed for their chemical composition (protein, fat, moisture, pH, water-holding capacity, cholesterol) and fatty acid profile. Probiotic supplementation significantly increased body weight gain, reduced the incidence of diarrhea and improved the fatty acid profile of goat meat. Probiotic-fed animals exhibited increased monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and a significant decrease in saturated fatty acid content. Conjugated linoleic acid content was significantly higher in probiotics than in the control group (P < 0.05). Muscles from probiotics-treated goats showed healthier lipid indexes and a significant decrease in the n-6/n-3 ratio (~2.50), atherogenic (~0.30) and thrombogenic (~0.75) indexes. In addition, increases in desirable fatty acids (~79.40 g/100 g of FAME) and nutritional value index (~2.86) were observed compared to control groups. The native mix probiotic could be used as growth promoters to reduce the antibiotics, and to improve its derived-foods.展开更多
文摘In this paper we consider the class of Bazilevic functions for bi-univalent functions. For this we will estimate the coefficients a2 and a3 using Caratheodory func- tions and the method of differential subordination.
文摘This review summarizes the safety and efficacy of statins in patients with cirrhosis.Due to concerns about the safety of statins in patients with impaired liver function,they have recently been investigated as a potential treatment option in cirrhosis.The most clinically significant adverse event is statin-related myopathy,and this may be related to the high serum statin concentrations in the setting of severely impaired liver function.Rhabdomyolysis is the most serious and potentially life-threatening manifestation.It has recently been demonstrated that the recommended dose of simvastatin in patients with decompensated cirrhosis would be 20 mg/d because higher values,such as 40 mg/d,are associated with many adverse events,especially muscle injury.Likewise,simvastatin should not be administered to patients with Model for End-stage Liver Disease score>12 and/or Child-Pugh class C because of the high risk of severe muscle injury.Due to the pleiotropic effects,the focus on statins has shifted from being considered harmful to something useful.Through these effects,statins could prevent liver-related morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients.Observational studies in large populations of patients with cirrhosis have shown that treatment with statins to decrease high cholesterol levels was associated with a reduced risk of hepatic decompensation,hepatocellular carcinoma development and death.The few randomized controlled trials in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension showed that statins lower portal pressure,quite likely through a reduction in hepatic resistance.Another large randomized controlled trial in patients with variceal bleeding showed that simvastatin in addition to standard of care did not prevent rebleeding but improved survival rate.Despite these encouraging outcomes,the quality of the evidence regarding the use of statins is low or very low due to the observational characteristics of most of the studies involved.Therefore,it is advisable to perform further randomized controlled trials on a large series of patients with hard clinical endpoints,using different statin types and varying doses.The objectives would be to prevent liver-related morbidity and mortality rather than treating cirrhosis complications to take additional information that makes it possible to add statins to the standard of care of these patients.
文摘INTRODUCTIONIt is axiomatic that the most effective and soundlybased plan of treatment of any disorder is one aimedat the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for itsdevelopment.This basic notion,coupled withrecent reports in which,surprisingly there is atotal lack of reference to the probable involvementof autonomic-arc-reflexes in the
文摘Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of periocular triamcinolone acetonide for the tr eatment of thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), and the presence of ocular o r systemic adverse effects. Methods: A multicentre prospective pilot study was p erformed on patients diagnosed with Graves’ophthalmopathy less than 6 months be fore entry to the study. Patients were admitted to the study and were randomised into two groups: treatment and control. The treatment group received four doses of 20 mg of triamcinolone acetate 40 mg/ml in a peribulbar injection to the inf erolateral orbital quadrant. Both groups were evaluated by measuring the area of binocular vision without diplopia on a Goldmann perimeter and the size of the e xtraocular muscles on computed tomography (CT) scans. Ophthalmological and syste mic examinations were done to rule out ocular and systemic adverse effects. Foll ow up was 6 months for both groups. Results: 50 patients were eligible for the s tudy. 41 patients completed the study. There was an increase in the area of bino cular vision without diplopia in the treatment group (Σinitial: mean 231.1 (SD 99.9) and final absolute change, mean 107.1 (SD 129.0) compared to the control g roup (Σinitial: mean 350.7 (SD 86.5) and final absolute change, mean-4.5 (SD 6 7.6)). The sizes of the extraocular muscles were reduced in the treatment group (mean (inferior rectus initial values): 1.3 (0.7), final percentage change:-13. 2 (25.7), medial rectus initial values: 1.2 (0.6), final percentage change:-8.2 (20.7), superior rectus levator palpebrae initial values: 1.2 (0.6), final per centage change:-9.5 (29.1), lateral rectus initial values: 1.0 (0.4), final per centage change:-11.5 (20.6)) compared to the control group (inferior rectus ini tial values: 0.9 (0.3), final percentage change:-4.0 (21.5), medial rectus init ial values: 0.9 (0.3), final percentage change: 0.6 (22.4), superior rec tus l evator palpebrae initial values: 0.9 (0.3), final percentage change: 12.5 (37.5) , lateral rectus initial values: 0.9 (0.4), final percentage change:-0.5 (31.6) . Both measurements (degree of diplopia and muscle thickness) were statistically significant between groups (initial final). No systemic or ocular adverse effe cts were found. Conclusions: Triamcinolone administered as a periocular injectio n is effective in reducing diplopia and the sizes of extraocular muscles in TAO ophthalmopathy of recent onset. This form of treatment is not associated with sy stemic or ocular side effects.
文摘Objectives To study the changes of nitric oxide, angiotensin Ⅱ and superoxide anion in renal artery hypertension pathogenesis. Methods Male Wistar rats weighing 256 -285g were divided into 5 groups randomly, 10 rats of each group. Control group: false operation was made and routine diet was given; Ligature group: left renal artery was ligatured uncompletely and routine diet was given; Ligature + Losartan group: left renal artery was ligatured uneompletely and Losartan 20mg · kg^(-1) · d^(-1) was added in the drinking water; Ligature + L -Arg group: left renal artery was ligatured uncompletely and L -Arg 2g · kg^(-1) · d^(-1) was added in the drinking water; Ligature + L - Arg + Losartan group: left renal artery was ligatured uncompletely and L - Arg 2g· kg^(-1)· d^(-1) and Losartan 20mg · kg^(-1)· d^(-1) was added in the drinking water. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and at the end of the experiment. One week after ligature, blood was drawn to determine angiotensin Ⅱ, cGMP, nitric oxide, nitric oxide synthase (NOS), O_2^-, superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results Systolic blood pressure was higher in ligature group than that in control group (p <0.05), systolic blood pressure was much lower in ligature + Losartan group than that in ligature group. Heart rate did not change significantly after experiment (p > 0. 05). AngⅡ was higher in ligature group than that in control group, even much higher in ligature + Losartan group (p < 0. 01 ). There was no difference of cGMP in each group (p >. 05). The concentration of NO was lower in ligature group (p <0.05), NO was higher in ligature + L - Arg + Losartan group than that in ligature group (p <0.05). O_2^- was higher in ligature group and ligature + L - Arg group than that in control group (p < 0. 05), O_2^- was lower in ligature + Losartan group than that in ligature group (p <0. 05). The level of SOD was lower in ligature group than that in control group (p <0.05), higher in ligature + L- Arg group and ligature + L - Arg + Losartan group than that in ligature group (p <0. 05). Conclusions AngⅡ,O_2^- and NO imbalance play an important role in hypertension pathogenesis, LArg and losartan may have protective effect.
文摘The purpose of this study is to verify the physiological effect and describe the intensity of training in response to internal and external loads,through Session Rate of Perceived Exertion and Speed High Intensity Distance in Meters reports,on professional soccer players engaged in weekly training(199 Sessions,43 weeks)and league games(32 official matches).Twenty-two male professional soccer players(n=22)of the Italian national championship under-19 are involved in this study during the season 2014-2015.Daily,Weekly and Monthly RPE(perceived exertion)Session(Borg CR-10 Scale)is a good indicator of the amount of work done:training time multiplied by perceived effort(TL=Training Time×RPE).With Arbitrary units(a.u.)produced by the individual and used for team-based data analysis,we analyze the intensity produced by workout depending on the working time.Furthermore,by means of global positioning system technology(K-Sport,Montelabbate PU,Italy 10 Hz),we statistically established the existing relationship with high intensity speed distance(>16 km/h)and session rate of perceived exertion to describe how the internal(represented by the sum of the stresses that the body undergoes an external load;is strictly subjective)and external loads(the objective quantification of the means used in training km routes,running speed,slope,type of recovery),are correlated(r=0.87,p<0.01,95%CI).The statistical analysis highlights how these methods are suitable to quantifying the high-intensity work done by the soccer player during the workout and the game.
文摘There is some published evidence suggesting micro vascular endothelial dysfunction and dysautonomia involvement in Chagas disease in association with cardiomyocyte changes favoring disease progression. The combined treatment between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor drugs;Simvastatin, muscarinic antibody immunoadsorbent together with fungicidal drugs would open therapeutic possibilities in this disease.
基金funded mainly by the Dirección Nacional del Antártico and the Instituto Antártico Argentino, project: PICTO 2010-0093Partial funding was provided by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, and Universidad Nacional de La Plata through PICT 2012-0748 and PICT 2015-0678RAO was supported by Proyecto Anillo Conicyt-Chile, ACT 172099 (Conicyt-Chile)
文摘The last twenty million years(Maastrichtian–Santonian)of Southern Hemisphere plesiosaur history is especially well recorded in the Weddellian Province(Patagonia;Western Antarctica and New Zealand).The oldest Late Cretaceous plesiosaurs,two specimens referred to Polycotylidae indet.,come from the Santonian levels of the Santa Marta Formation,while the oldest elasmosaurids come from the lower Campanian of the same formation.In the lower Maastrichtian of the Snow Hill Island Formation the non-aristonectine elasmosaurid Vegasaurus molyi is recorded together with other non-diagnosable elasmosaurid specimens,but no aristonectines are present.Aristonectines appears in the Antarctic record in the upper Maastrichtian of the López de Bertodano Formation and are represented by Morturneria and cf.Aristonectes.The specimens from the upper Campanian previously referred to Aristonectinae indet.are referred to Elasmosauridae indet.,shortening the temporal record of Aristonectinae in Antarctica.Therefore aristonectines appears in the Antarctic record in the upper Maastrichtian of the López de Bertodano Formation and are represented by Morturneria and cf.Aristonectes.The Antarctic Cretaceous elasmosaurids show a paleobiogeographic connection with South America and New Zealand(Weddellian Province).This connection is indicated by the shared presence of the Aristonectinae Kaiwhekea katiki(New Zealand)and Aristonectes(Argentina and Chile).Recent phylogenetic analysis recovered the aristonectines within the Weddellonectia clade,which includes the aristonectines and the non-aristonectines Vegasaurus molyi(Isla Vega,Antarctica);Kawanectes lafquenianum(Argentina);Morenosaurus stocki and Aphrosaurus furlongi(California).Among the Weddellonectia,the aristonectines show a relatively large body size and extremely derived features and probably occupied a trophic niche that differed from the trophic niche of other elasmosaurids.By way of contrast Kawanectes lafquenianum is an extremely small body-sized elasmosaurid restricted to marginal marine(probably estuarine)environments.Therefore the Weddellonectia show high morphological and probably high ecological diversity.
文摘We have considered several integral operators from literature and we have made a generalization of them. It can be easily seen that their properties are also preserved. Therefore, we use known results concerning the starlike functions (see [1,2]) and we unify some known integral operators (see [3]) into one single integral operator, called I1(z), in Section 3 of this paper.
文摘The use of food additives with xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity offers an alternative approach to hyperuricemic and gout disease treatment, and provides an example of antioxidant nutraceutics. The in vitro and in silico XO inhibitory activity of polyphenols from Uruguayan Tannat grape pomaces and propolis extracts was evaluated as well as the scavenging capacity of said compounds. When comparing propolis and grape pomace samples, the in vitro studies demonstrated that polyphenols extracted from propolis are more active as free radical scavengers than those from Tannat grape pomace. Both natural products effectively inhibited XO but the capacity of phenols present in GP is higher than the one present in P. The high content of anthocyanins in GP, absent in P, could account for this observation. In silico assays allowed us to determine relevant ligand-receptor interactions between polyphenols, from a database built with previously reported polyphenols from both natural products, and the active site of XO. The in silico results showed that compound (E)-isoprenylcaffeate from propolis was the best potential XO inhibitor displaying hydrophobic aromatic interaction between the conjugated ring of the caffeate moiety and polar interactions between hydroxyl groups from caffeate with the active site polar residues. Among grape pomaces, the Cyanidin-3-O-(6-(E)-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside was the best XO inhibitor;its moiety oxychromenyl being relevant to the docking stabilization. All these results lead us to propose Uruguayan propolis and Tannat grape pomace extracts as food additives as well as phytopharmaceuticals to decrease the uric acid levels in gout disease and to act against oxidative stress.
文摘The Eocene–Oligocene Southern Ocean is thought to have played a major role in cetacean evolution.Yet,fossils from its heart—Antarctica—are rare,and come almost exclusively from the Eocene La Meseta and Submeseta formations of Marambio(Seymour)Island.Here,we provide a summary and update of this crucial fossil assemblage,and discuss its relevance in the broader context of cetacean evolution.To date,Eocene specimens from Antarctica include basilosaurids,a group of archaic stem cetaceans that had already fully adapted to life in water;and the archaic toothed mysticete Llanocetus,the second oldest crown cetacean on record(ca.34 Ma).This Eocene co-occurrence of stem and crown cetaceans is highly unusual,and otherwise only observed in Peru.Though related,at least some of the Antarctic species appear to be different from,and notably larger than their Peruvian counterparts,suggesting an early differentiation of the high latitude cetacean fauna.
文摘The United States,Europe and China have all made progress in important as pects of Al governance:The EU has put into force its ArtificialIntelligence Act,the U.S.admin-istration has issued executive orders on AI,and China,too,has established its wn AI laws and regulations.These advances were made according to each actor's own criteria and governance models.
文摘This article identifies and analyzes the effects of human pressures on the river systems,landscape,flow regime,and water quality in the Bucharest region,the largest urbanized area in Romania.The analyses focused on four streams crossing the Bucharest region,namely the Dâmboviţa,Colentina,Argeş,and Sabar rivers.Our approach relied especially on three types of information:(1)spatial data;(2)hydrological data sets;and(3)water quality data.We made a diachronic analysis of the available maps and ran classic statistical analysis of the data sets,as well as trend analysis.At the same time,we compared the flows in natural(reconstituted)and modified(current)regimes.The results showed that the stream system and its associated landscapes have considerably changed due to several engineering works(reservoirs,dams,channelization works,diversion canals,water intakes,etc.).Under these circumstances,the flow regime suffered changes that differed among the rivers.Thus,the multiannual discharges of the Argeşand Dâmboviţa rivers did not exhibit significant changes,but only mitigated the monthly discharge variability.In the case of Sabar and Colentina,a significant increase of the annual and monthly discharges was identified,due to the water transferred from the neighboring rivers.Water quality worsened,especially on the lower courses of the Dâmboviţa and Argeşrivers,degrading the states and health of the aquatic ecosystems in the study region.
基金supported by grants from the Agencia Nacional de Promocion Científica y Tecnologica(Prestamo BID PICT 2019-1697)Secretaría de Ciencia,Arte e Innovacion Tecnologica de la Universidad Nacional de Tucuman(PIUNT 26/G634 andPIUNT-546)and CICyT-UNSE 23A186.
文摘This work aimed to determine the effect of native probiotic administration on body weight gain, nutritional characteristics and fatty acid profile of meat of creole goats. Equally distributed forty postweaned goats (75 days old) divided into control (n=20) and probiotic (n=20) groups were fed ad libitum for 60 days with native pasture and commercial diet. Lactobacillus reuteri DDL19, Lactobacillus alimentarius DDL48, Enterococcus faecium DDE39, and Bifidobacterium bifidum DDBA mixed culture (108 CFU/ml, 1:1:1:1 ratio) were daily orally delivered to the probiotic group. At the end of the study, muscle samples (Longissimus dorsi, LD, and Bicep femoris, BF) were analyzed for their chemical composition (protein, fat, moisture, pH, water-holding capacity, cholesterol) and fatty acid profile. Probiotic supplementation significantly increased body weight gain, reduced the incidence of diarrhea and improved the fatty acid profile of goat meat. Probiotic-fed animals exhibited increased monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and a significant decrease in saturated fatty acid content. Conjugated linoleic acid content was significantly higher in probiotics than in the control group (P < 0.05). Muscles from probiotics-treated goats showed healthier lipid indexes and a significant decrease in the n-6/n-3 ratio (~2.50), atherogenic (~0.30) and thrombogenic (~0.75) indexes. In addition, increases in desirable fatty acids (~79.40 g/100 g of FAME) and nutritional value index (~2.86) were observed compared to control groups. The native mix probiotic could be used as growth promoters to reduce the antibiotics, and to improve its derived-foods.
