Seeds,considered as the foundation of agriculture,are invaded by a broad spectrum of seed-borne pathogens.The current study aimed to control seed-borne fungal pathogens of wheat,Aspergillus flavus and A.niger,by using...Seeds,considered as the foundation of agriculture,are invaded by a broad spectrum of seed-borne pathogens.The current study aimed to control seed-borne fungal pathogens of wheat,Aspergillus flavus and A.niger,by using Ag+nanochitosan(Ag-NC)for nano-priming of seeds and enhancing seed quality.Nanochitosan(NC)and Ag-NC were synthesized using the gelation method and characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometry,FESEM,EDXS,and HRTEM.NC and Ag-NC showed irregular surface topography with an average particle size of 275 and 325 nm,respectively.Antifungal activity of both the nanoparticles at 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,and 0.5 mg/mL revealed that Ag-NC at 0.5 mg/mL has completely terminated the mycelial growth of both pathogens.Malonaldehyde content increased to 77.77%in A.flavus and 82.66%in A.niger when exposed to 0.5 mg/mL Ag-NC.High-intensity fluorescence due to oxidative stress was observed in Ag-NC-treated pathogens.Ultra-structural changes in Ag-NC treated pathogenic spores under SEM displayed pronounced membrane damages.Wheat seeds were nano-primed with NC and Ag-NC at 0.5 mg/mL,and fungal load was examined to evaluate the mitigation of pathogenic stress and its effect on seedling growth promotion activity.Ag-NC priming reduced the fungal load and allowed successful seed germination.Ag-NC priming increased the albumin,gliadin,gluten,and glutenin content along with total phenol,reducing sugar and starch levels.Ag-NC priming increased the overall protein levels traced through SDS-PAGE.Seed priming with Ag-NC promotes seed germination,mean germination time,stress tolerance index,vigour,etc.NC and Ag-NC at 0.5 mg/mL showed no cytotoxic effect on the Human Embryonic Kidney(HEK293)cell line that ensures the nanoparticles are non-toxic.Thus,the synthesized nanoparticles exhibit a dual role in antifungal activity and plant growth promotion.展开更多
基金the University Grant Commission(Government of India)for providing UGC-NET SRF Fellowship(672/CSIRNET JUNE 2019).
文摘Seeds,considered as the foundation of agriculture,are invaded by a broad spectrum of seed-borne pathogens.The current study aimed to control seed-borne fungal pathogens of wheat,Aspergillus flavus and A.niger,by using Ag+nanochitosan(Ag-NC)for nano-priming of seeds and enhancing seed quality.Nanochitosan(NC)and Ag-NC were synthesized using the gelation method and characterized by UV–vis spectrophotometry,FESEM,EDXS,and HRTEM.NC and Ag-NC showed irregular surface topography with an average particle size of 275 and 325 nm,respectively.Antifungal activity of both the nanoparticles at 0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,and 0.5 mg/mL revealed that Ag-NC at 0.5 mg/mL has completely terminated the mycelial growth of both pathogens.Malonaldehyde content increased to 77.77%in A.flavus and 82.66%in A.niger when exposed to 0.5 mg/mL Ag-NC.High-intensity fluorescence due to oxidative stress was observed in Ag-NC-treated pathogens.Ultra-structural changes in Ag-NC treated pathogenic spores under SEM displayed pronounced membrane damages.Wheat seeds were nano-primed with NC and Ag-NC at 0.5 mg/mL,and fungal load was examined to evaluate the mitigation of pathogenic stress and its effect on seedling growth promotion activity.Ag-NC priming reduced the fungal load and allowed successful seed germination.Ag-NC priming increased the albumin,gliadin,gluten,and glutenin content along with total phenol,reducing sugar and starch levels.Ag-NC priming increased the overall protein levels traced through SDS-PAGE.Seed priming with Ag-NC promotes seed germination,mean germination time,stress tolerance index,vigour,etc.NC and Ag-NC at 0.5 mg/mL showed no cytotoxic effect on the Human Embryonic Kidney(HEK293)cell line that ensures the nanoparticles are non-toxic.Thus,the synthesized nanoparticles exhibit a dual role in antifungal activity and plant growth promotion.
