The primary emphasis of this research was to investigate the foundations of phthalate（PAEs） pollutant source researches and then firstly confirmed the concept of the coefficient of volatile strength, namely phthalat...The primary emphasis of this research was to investigate the foundations of phthalate（PAEs） pollutant source researches and then firstly confirmed the concept of the coefficient of volatile strength, namely phthalate total content in per unit mass and unit surface area of pollutant sources. Through surveying and evaluating the coefficient of volatile strength of PAEs from typical plastic products, this research carried out reasonable classification of PAEs pollutant sources into three categories and then investigated the relationship amongst the coefficient of volatile strength as well as other environmental factors and the concentration level of total PAEs in indoor air measured in environment chambers.Research obtained phthalate concentration results under different temperature, humidity,the coefficient of volatile strength and the closed time through the chamber experiment. In addition, this study further explored the correlation and ratio of influencing factors that affect the concentration level of total PAEs in environment chambers, including environmental factors, the coefficient of volatile strengths of PAEs and contents of total PAEs in plastic products. The research created an improved database system of phthalate the coefficient of volatile strengths of each type of plastic goods, and tentatively revealed that the volatile patterns of PAEs from different typical plastic goods, finally confirmed that the coefficient of volatile strengths of PAEs is a major factor that affects the indoor air total PAEs concentration, which laid a solid foundation for further establishing the volatile equation of PAEs from plastic products.展开更多
This paper resumes a research project developed in the concession area of AES Eletropaulo, the largest electrical energy distribution company in Brazil. First, the global standards of information exchange within power...This paper resumes a research project developed in the concession area of AES Eletropaulo, the largest electrical energy distribution company in Brazil. First, the global standards of information exchange within power transmission and distribution area were evaluated, allowing the definition of state of the art on the theme, followed by determining its applications considering technologies already applied by the company. The specifications needed for the generation of a data integration model are adapted to radial overhead network at company concession area. The project developed an intermediary connectivity layer, based on the CIM （common information model）, which enables corporative systems to communicate in a standard way, through the use of integrating technologies. It, therefore, enabled modeling all main subjects of an electrical network in an open, extensible and non-proprietary way, in a model that contains classes and attributes of such subjects, as well as their relationships. Calculation and planning products adopted by the company were integrated to the technological layer implemented.展开更多
Objective:Nurse-led virtual outpatient clinics are now a familiar component of healthcare delivery across many disciplines,including cancer care,or thopedics,rheumatology,and gastroenterology.However,establishing a nu...Objective:Nurse-led virtual outpatient clinics are now a familiar component of healthcare delivery across many disciplines,including cancer care,or thopedics,rheumatology,and gastroenterology.However,establishing a nurse-led vir tual clinic is challenging for nursing management,par ticularly regarding resources.We aimed to investigate nursing practices and processes and patient experiences in relation to vir tual outpatient clinics.Methods:This was a cross-sectional,descriptive study using mixed data collection methods.Patients(n=324)from 4 specialist clinics completed the Virtual Clinics Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire(VCSQ)survey.Five Nurse Specialists participated in a focus group interview.Results:Most participants(86.3%)reported being satisfied/very satisfied with the virtual clinics,particularly those that were nurse-led.Nurse specialists identified electronic health records(EHRs)and additional IT and administrative support as important for efficiency and effectiveness of the clinics.Conclusions:Nurse-led virtual clinics can be an effective and efficient way to provide care to patients.Nurse managers need to ensure supportive structures are in place,for example,dedicated administrators,IT support and infrastructure,education/training,and relevant policies/procedures.The success of nurse-led virtual services requires key infrastructure to support nursing staff and sustain this service.展开更多
Next-generation fire safety systems demand precise detection and motion recognition of flames.In-sensor computing,which integrates sensing,memory,and processing capabilities,has emerged as a key technology in flame de...Next-generation fire safety systems demand precise detection and motion recognition of flames.In-sensor computing,which integrates sensing,memory,and processing capabilities,has emerged as a key technology in flame detection.However,the implementation of hardware-level functional demonstrations based on artificial vision systems in the solar-blind ultraviolet(UV)band(200-280 nm)is hindered by the weak detection capability.Here,we propose Ga_(2)O_(3)/In_(2)Se_(3) heterojunctions for the ferroelectric(abbreviation:Fe)optoelectronic sensor(abbreviation:OES)array(5×5 pixels),which is capable of ultraweak UV light detection with an ultrahigh detectivity through ferroelectric regulation and features in configurable multimode functionality.The Fe-OES array can directly sense different flame motions and simulate the non-spiking gradient neurons of insect visual system.Moreover,the flame signal can be effectively amplified in combination with leaky integration-and-fire neuron hardware.Using this Fe-OES system and neuromorphic hardware,we successfully demonstrate three flame processing tasks:achieving efficient flame detection across all time periods with terminal and cloud-based alarms;flame motion recognition with a lightweight convolutional neural network achieving 96.47%accuracy;and flame light recognition with 90.51%accuracy by means of a photosensitive artificial neural system.This work provides effective tools and approaches for addressing a variety of complex flame detection tasks.展开更多
以往开展的基于长江流域WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式的微物理过程方案参数化优选的研究,没有对长江中下游这一特定区域多个气象要素积云对流参数化方案进行优选。本研究在适合微物理过程、边界层等参数化方案的基础上,...以往开展的基于长江流域WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式的微物理过程方案参数化优选的研究,没有对长江中下游这一特定区域多个气象要素积云对流参数化方案进行优选。本研究在适合微物理过程、边界层等参数化方案的基础上,选用长江中下游流域为研究对象,针对降水、气温进行三种积云对流参数化方案KF(Kain-Fritsch)、BMJ(Betts-Miller-Janjic)及GF(Grell-Freitas)的优选,并同时从不同海拔、水汽来源两个角度对比分析三种方案产生差异的原因,从而针对不同天气型选择合适的参数化方案。结果表明:(1)选取的三种积云对流参数化方案在降水和气温模拟结果表现不同。KF方案在降水模拟中表现较好,日降水模拟相关系数为0.73~0.77;GF方案在气温模拟中表现优异,日均气温模拟相关系数为0.71~0.77。(2)三种方案在不同海拔高程的表现差异明显,KF和BMJ方案较好地展现了武陵山—大巴山一带降水与地形的对应关系。在经度剖面上,KF方案2015、2017年6月的降水模拟误差分别为5.96%、6.06%。GF方案则对地形抬升作用的描述过于强烈,导致剖面降雨量变化幅度较大。(3)三种方案模拟结果的水汽来源有所不同,KF方案显示印度洋季风带来充沛水汽,水成物含量少,云水混合比集中,更适合长江中下游流域的降水模拟;GF方案则显示南海暖湿气流较强,水成物含量多,云系发展旺盛,更适合强对流天气频发地区的降水模拟。(4)不同水汽来源对三种积云对流参数化方案模拟结果的精度影响不大。尽管2017年6月较2015年6月受到来自西太平洋的水汽影响更大,但降水模拟结果仍显示KF方案表现最佳。展开更多
River embankments are designed to defend against floods over coastal and riparian areas.It is important to early detect unexpected damages on embankments before they exacerbate.To continuously monitor the stability of...River embankments are designed to defend against floods over coastal and riparian areas.It is important to early detect unexpected damages on embankments before they exacerbate.To continuously monitor the stability of the embankments and efficiently recognize such potential damages,this study takes SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)derived deformation as an indicator of the embankment instability,and customizes a multi-temporal InSAR(Interferometric SAR)approach-small baseline subset.Specifically,during InSAR processing,we apply a two-step amplitude difference dispersion threshold method to extract InSAR measurement points,thus improving the point density within the embankment.We applied this method to the Kangshan Embankment(KE)using 147 Sentinel-1 acquired between 2017 and 2021.We categorized KE into Waterside Slope(WS),Embankment Top(ET),and Landside Slope(LS)using InSAR height estimation.Given the dominance of downslope movement,we developed a projection matrix from InSAR-derived deformation in the satellite line-of-sight direction onto WS and LS.The study shows that KE was generally stable during the five-year period,while WS,ET,and LS experienced different deformation processes.For instance,seasonal variation was observed from the deformation time series,especially between every April and November.We applied the principal component analysis to the time-series displacement and analyzed the results in conjunction with the rainfall data of Kangshan Township.It showed that deformation due to rainfall equals 80.93%,81.30%,and 82.46%of the total deformation for WS,ET,and LS,respectively,indicating that rainfall is one of the environmental driving factors affecting the deformations.We conclude that the proposed methodology is suited for systematic embankment monitoring and identifies major driving forces.展开更多
In this study,we examine the problem of sliced inverse regression(SIR),a widely used method for sufficient dimension reduction(SDR).It was designed to find reduced-dimensional versions of multivariate predictors by re...In this study,we examine the problem of sliced inverse regression(SIR),a widely used method for sufficient dimension reduction(SDR).It was designed to find reduced-dimensional versions of multivariate predictors by replacing them with a minimally adequate collection of their linear combinations without loss of information.Recently,regularization methods have been proposed in SIR to incorporate a sparse structure of predictors for better interpretability.However,existing methods consider convex relaxation to bypass the sparsity constraint,which may not lead to the best subset,and particularly tends to include irrelevant variables when predictors are correlated.In this study,we approach sparse SIR as a nonconvex optimization problem and directly tackle the sparsity constraint by establishing the optimal conditions and iteratively solving them by means of the splicing technique.Without employing convex relaxation on the sparsity constraint and the orthogonal constraint,our algorithm exhibits superior empirical merits,as evidenced by extensive numerical studies.Computationally,our algorithm is much faster than the relaxed approach for the natural sparse SIR estimator.Statistically,our algorithm surpasses existing methods in terms of accuracy for central subspace estimation and best subset selection and sustains high performance even with correlated predictors.展开更多
The Plectranthinae clade,which includes genera such as Plectranthus,Ocimum,and Aeollanthus,is well known for its diverse array of diterpenoids.While numerous studies have deepened the understanding of diterpene divers...The Plectranthinae clade,which includes genera such as Plectranthus,Ocimum,and Aeollanthus,is well known for its diverse array of diterpenoids.While numerous studies have deepened the understanding of diterpene diversity across the clade,Aeollanthus species remain underexplored,with only two studies focusing on their diterpene profiles.The NMR-based chemical profiling of the EtOAc leaf extract of the rocky and succulent species Aeollanthus buchnerianus Briq.reveals a range of diterpenes with isopimarane and abietane skeletons including several previously unreported analogues.Interestingly,the isolated compounds provided insights into the breakdown patterns of both diterpene classes by examining the product ions in their MS2 spectra.These data offer valuable information for evaluating the taxonomic position of this species in relation to other species within the clade.展开更多
基金support by the National Key Technologies R&D Program (No. 2016YFC0207103)Koninklijke Philips N.V.Brainbridge Cooperation Agreement (Grant Number BB3-2016-01)
文摘The primary emphasis of this research was to investigate the foundations of phthalate（PAEs） pollutant source researches and then firstly confirmed the concept of the coefficient of volatile strength, namely phthalate total content in per unit mass and unit surface area of pollutant sources. Through surveying and evaluating the coefficient of volatile strength of PAEs from typical plastic products, this research carried out reasonable classification of PAEs pollutant sources into three categories and then investigated the relationship amongst the coefficient of volatile strength as well as other environmental factors and the concentration level of total PAEs in indoor air measured in environment chambers.Research obtained phthalate concentration results under different temperature, humidity,the coefficient of volatile strength and the closed time through the chamber experiment. In addition, this study further explored the correlation and ratio of influencing factors that affect the concentration level of total PAEs in environment chambers, including environmental factors, the coefficient of volatile strengths of PAEs and contents of total PAEs in plastic products. The research created an improved database system of phthalate the coefficient of volatile strengths of each type of plastic goods, and tentatively revealed that the volatile patterns of PAEs from different typical plastic goods, finally confirmed that the coefficient of volatile strengths of PAEs is a major factor that affects the indoor air total PAEs concentration, which laid a solid foundation for further establishing the volatile equation of PAEs from plastic products.
文摘This paper resumes a research project developed in the concession area of AES Eletropaulo, the largest electrical energy distribution company in Brazil. First, the global standards of information exchange within power transmission and distribution area were evaluated, allowing the definition of state of the art on the theme, followed by determining its applications considering technologies already applied by the company. The specifications needed for the generation of a data integration model are adapted to radial overhead network at company concession area. The project developed an intermediary connectivity layer, based on the CIM （common information model）, which enables corporative systems to communicate in a standard way, through the use of integrating technologies. It, therefore, enabled modeling all main subjects of an electrical network in an open, extensible and non-proprietary way, in a model that contains classes and attributes of such subjects, as well as their relationships. Calculation and planning products adopted by the company were integrated to the technological layer implemented.
基金supported by Nursing and Midwifery Practice Development Unit(NMPDU),Dublin South,Kildare,and Wicklow,Nurses preparedness for end of life conversations(No.P210537)。
文摘Objective:Nurse-led virtual outpatient clinics are now a familiar component of healthcare delivery across many disciplines,including cancer care,or thopedics,rheumatology,and gastroenterology.However,establishing a nurse-led vir tual clinic is challenging for nursing management,par ticularly regarding resources.We aimed to investigate nursing practices and processes and patient experiences in relation to vir tual outpatient clinics.Methods:This was a cross-sectional,descriptive study using mixed data collection methods.Patients(n=324)from 4 specialist clinics completed the Virtual Clinics Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire(VCSQ)survey.Five Nurse Specialists participated in a focus group interview.Results:Most participants(86.3%)reported being satisfied/very satisfied with the virtual clinics,particularly those that were nurse-led.Nurse specialists identified electronic health records(EHRs)and additional IT and administrative support as important for efficiency and effectiveness of the clinics.Conclusions:Nurse-led virtual clinics can be an effective and efficient way to provide care to patients.Nurse managers need to ensure supportive structures are in place,for example,dedicated administrators,IT support and infrastructure,education/training,and relevant policies/procedures.The success of nurse-led virtual services requires key infrastructure to support nursing staff and sustain this service.
基金supported by the Major Program(JD)of Hubei Province under Grant No.2023BAA009the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22105162)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2023AFB623)the Original Exploration Seed Fund of Hubei University。
文摘Next-generation fire safety systems demand precise detection and motion recognition of flames.In-sensor computing,which integrates sensing,memory,and processing capabilities,has emerged as a key technology in flame detection.However,the implementation of hardware-level functional demonstrations based on artificial vision systems in the solar-blind ultraviolet(UV)band(200-280 nm)is hindered by the weak detection capability.Here,we propose Ga_(2)O_(3)/In_(2)Se_(3) heterojunctions for the ferroelectric(abbreviation:Fe)optoelectronic sensor(abbreviation:OES)array(5×5 pixels),which is capable of ultraweak UV light detection with an ultrahigh detectivity through ferroelectric regulation and features in configurable multimode functionality.The Fe-OES array can directly sense different flame motions and simulate the non-spiking gradient neurons of insect visual system.Moreover,the flame signal can be effectively amplified in combination with leaky integration-and-fire neuron hardware.Using this Fe-OES system and neuromorphic hardware,we successfully demonstrate three flame processing tasks:achieving efficient flame detection across all time periods with terminal and cloud-based alarms;flame motion recognition with a lightweight convolutional neural network achieving 96.47%accuracy;and flame light recognition with 90.51%accuracy by means of a photosensitive artificial neural system.This work provides effective tools and approaches for addressing a variety of complex flame detection tasks.
文摘以往开展的基于长江流域WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式的微物理过程方案参数化优选的研究,没有对长江中下游这一特定区域多个气象要素积云对流参数化方案进行优选。本研究在适合微物理过程、边界层等参数化方案的基础上,选用长江中下游流域为研究对象,针对降水、气温进行三种积云对流参数化方案KF(Kain-Fritsch)、BMJ(Betts-Miller-Janjic)及GF(Grell-Freitas)的优选,并同时从不同海拔、水汽来源两个角度对比分析三种方案产生差异的原因,从而针对不同天气型选择合适的参数化方案。结果表明:(1)选取的三种积云对流参数化方案在降水和气温模拟结果表现不同。KF方案在降水模拟中表现较好,日降水模拟相关系数为0.73~0.77;GF方案在气温模拟中表现优异,日均气温模拟相关系数为0.71~0.77。(2)三种方案在不同海拔高程的表现差异明显,KF和BMJ方案较好地展现了武陵山—大巴山一带降水与地形的对应关系。在经度剖面上,KF方案2015、2017年6月的降水模拟误差分别为5.96%、6.06%。GF方案则对地形抬升作用的描述过于强烈,导致剖面降雨量变化幅度较大。(3)三种方案模拟结果的水汽来源有所不同,KF方案显示印度洋季风带来充沛水汽,水成物含量少,云水混合比集中,更适合长江中下游流域的降水模拟;GF方案则显示南海暖湿气流较强,水成物含量多,云系发展旺盛,更适合强对流天气频发地区的降水模拟。(4)不同水汽来源对三种积云对流参数化方案模拟结果的精度影响不大。尽管2017年6月较2015年6月受到来自西太平洋的水汽影响更大,但降水模拟结果仍显示KF方案表现最佳。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41830110)National Key Research Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1503603)+2 种基金State Scholarship Fund from the Chinese Scholarship Council(No.202206710096)Project of China Railway Corporation(No.2021-key-14,2021-major-08)The Joint Planning of Technology and Water Conservancy of Jiangxi Province(No.2022KSG01009).
文摘River embankments are designed to defend against floods over coastal and riparian areas.It is important to early detect unexpected damages on embankments before they exacerbate.To continuously monitor the stability of the embankments and efficiently recognize such potential damages,this study takes SAR(Synthetic Aperture Radar)derived deformation as an indicator of the embankment instability,and customizes a multi-temporal InSAR(Interferometric SAR)approach-small baseline subset.Specifically,during InSAR processing,we apply a two-step amplitude difference dispersion threshold method to extract InSAR measurement points,thus improving the point density within the embankment.We applied this method to the Kangshan Embankment(KE)using 147 Sentinel-1 acquired between 2017 and 2021.We categorized KE into Waterside Slope(WS),Embankment Top(ET),and Landside Slope(LS)using InSAR height estimation.Given the dominance of downslope movement,we developed a projection matrix from InSAR-derived deformation in the satellite line-of-sight direction onto WS and LS.The study shows that KE was generally stable during the five-year period,while WS,ET,and LS experienced different deformation processes.For instance,seasonal variation was observed from the deformation time series,especially between every April and November.We applied the principal component analysis to the time-series displacement and analyzed the results in conjunction with the rainfall data of Kangshan Township.It showed that deformation due to rainfall equals 80.93%,81.30%,and 82.46%of the total deformation for WS,ET,and LS,respectively,indicating that rainfall is one of the environmental driving factors affecting the deformations.We conclude that the proposed methodology is suited for systematic embankment monitoring and identifies major driving forces.
文摘In this study,we examine the problem of sliced inverse regression(SIR),a widely used method for sufficient dimension reduction(SDR).It was designed to find reduced-dimensional versions of multivariate predictors by replacing them with a minimally adequate collection of their linear combinations without loss of information.Recently,regularization methods have been proposed in SIR to incorporate a sparse structure of predictors for better interpretability.However,existing methods consider convex relaxation to bypass the sparsity constraint,which may not lead to the best subset,and particularly tends to include irrelevant variables when predictors are correlated.In this study,we approach sparse SIR as a nonconvex optimization problem and directly tackle the sparsity constraint by establishing the optimal conditions and iteratively solving them by means of the splicing technique.Without employing convex relaxation on the sparsity constraint and the orthogonal constraint,our algorithm exhibits superior empirical merits,as evidenced by extensive numerical studies.Computationally,our algorithm is much faster than the relaxed approach for the natural sparse SIR estimator.Statistically,our algorithm surpasses existing methods in terms of accuracy for central subspace estimation and best subset selection and sustains high performance even with correlated predictors.
基金funded by a grant to MSJS from Procter and Gamble.
文摘The Plectranthinae clade,which includes genera such as Plectranthus,Ocimum,and Aeollanthus,is well known for its diverse array of diterpenoids.While numerous studies have deepened the understanding of diterpene diversity across the clade,Aeollanthus species remain underexplored,with only two studies focusing on their diterpene profiles.The NMR-based chemical profiling of the EtOAc leaf extract of the rocky and succulent species Aeollanthus buchnerianus Briq.reveals a range of diterpenes with isopimarane and abietane skeletons including several previously unreported analogues.Interestingly,the isolated compounds provided insights into the breakdown patterns of both diterpene classes by examining the product ions in their MS2 spectra.These data offer valuable information for evaluating the taxonomic position of this species in relation to other species within the clade.
