Ambient noise tomography is an established technique in seismology,where calculating single-or ninecomponent noise cross-correlation functions(NCFs)is a fundamental first step.In this study,we introduced a novel CPU-G...Ambient noise tomography is an established technique in seismology,where calculating single-or ninecomponent noise cross-correlation functions(NCFs)is a fundamental first step.In this study,we introduced a novel CPU-GPU heterogeneous computing framework designed to significantly enhance the efficiency of computing 9-component NCFs from seismic ambient noise data.This framework not only accelerated the computational process by leveraging the Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)but also improved the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)through innovative stacking techniques,such as time-frequency domain phaseweighted stacking(tf-PWS).We validated the program using multiple datasets,confirming its superior computation speed,improved reliability,and higher signal-to-noise ratios for NCFs.Our comprehensive study provides detailed insights into optimizing the computational processes for noise cross-correlation functions,thereby enhancing the precision and efficiency of ambient noise imaging.展开更多
Sandstone type deposits are the most common type of uranium deposits in the world.A large variety of sub-types have been defined,based either on the morphology of the deposits(e.g.,tabular,roll front,etc),or on the se...Sandstone type deposits are the most common type of uranium deposits in the world.A large variety of sub-types have been defined,based either on the morphology of the deposits(e.g.,tabular,roll front,etc),or on the sedimentological setting(e.g.,paleovalley,paleochannel,unconformity),or on tectonic or lithologic controls(e.g.,tectonolithologic,mafic dykes/sills),or still on a variety of others characteristics(phreatic oxidation type,interlayer permeable type,multi-element stratabound infiltrational,solution front limb deposit,humate type,etc.),reflecting the diversity of the characteristics of these deposits,but making it difficult to have a clear overview of these deposits.Moreover,uranium deposits occurring in the same sedimentological setting(e.g.,paleochannel),presenting similar morphologies(e.g.,tabular),may result from different genetic mechanisms and thus can be misleading for exploration strategies.The aim of the present paper is to propose a new view on sandstone-related uranium deposits combining both genetic and descriptive criteria.The dual view is indeed of primordial importance because all the critical characteristics of each deposit type,not limited to the morphology/geometry of the ore bodies and their relationships with depositional environments of the sandstone,have to be taken into account to propose a comprehensive classification of uranium deposits.In this respect,several key ore-forming processes,like the physical-chemical characteristics of the mineralizing fluid,have to be used to integrate genetic aspects in the classification.Although a succession of concentration steps,potentially temporally-disconnected,are involved in the genesis of some uranium mineralization,the classification here proposed will focus on the main mechanisms responsible for the formation and/or the location of ore deposits.The objective of this paper is also to propose a robust and widely usable terminology to define and categorize sandstone uranium deposits,considering the diversity of their origin and morphologies,and will be primarily based on the temperature of the mineralizing fluid considered as having played the critical role in the transportation of the uranium,starting from synsedimentary uranium deposits to those related to higher temperature fluids.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are promising next-generation high energy density batteries but their practical application is hindered by several key problems,such as the intermediate polysulfide shuttling and the elec...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are promising next-generation high energy density batteries but their practical application is hindered by several key problems,such as the intermediate polysulfide shuttling and the electrode degradation caused by the sulfur volume changes.Binder acts as one of the most essential components to build the electrodes of Li-S batteries,playing vital roles in improving the performance and maintaining the integrity of the cathode structure during cycling,especially those with high sulfur loadings.To date,tremendous efforts have been devoted to improving the properties of binders,in terms of the viscosity,elasticity,stability,toughness and conductivity,by optimizing the composition and structure of polymer binders.Moreover,the binder modification endows them strong polysulfide trapping ability to suppress the shuttling and decreases the swelling to maintain the porous structure of cathode.In this review,we summarize the recent progress on the binders for Li-S batteries and discuss the various routes,including the binder combination use,functionalization,in-situ polymerization and ion cross-linking,etc.,to enhance their performance in stabilizing the cathode,building the high sulfur loading electrode and improving the cyclic stability.At last,the design principles and the problems in further applications are also highlighted.展开更多
Carbon-based materials have attracted much interest as one of the promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries. However, low utilization of electrolyte and slow ion-transfer rate during electrochemical process hinder the...Carbon-based materials have attracted much interest as one of the promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries. However, low utilization of electrolyte and slow ion-transfer rate during electrochemical process hinder the further application of traditional bulk carbon. In order to enhance the diffusion kinetics and maintain the reversibility, hierarchical hollow carbon microbox was successfully prepared through a tunable bottom-up self-template routine for sodium-ion batteries. During annealing process, the morphology construction and activation happened synchronously. Based on that, a range of cross-linked porous nanosheet and hollow microbox were attained by manipulating reactant condition. The generation of texture and physical property are analyzed and are established linkages related to the electrochemical behavior. As results depicted in kinetic exploration and simulation based on cyclic voltammetry, the surfacecontrolled electrochemical behavior gradually turns to be the diffusion-controlled behavior as the hollow microbox evolves to porous nanosheet. The probable reason is that the rational microstructure/texture design leads to the accelerated diffusion kinetic procedure and the reduced concentration difference polarization. Sodium storage mechanism was deduced as reversible binding of Na-ions with local defects,including vacancies on sp2 graphitic layers, at the edges of flakes and other structural defects instead of intercalation. Bestowed by the morphology design, the broad pore width distribution, abundant defects/active sites and surface functionality, hollow microbox electrode delivers great electrochemical performances. This work is expected to propose a novel and effective strategy to prepare tunable hierarchical hollow carbon microbox and induce the fast kinetic of carbon anode material.展开更多
It is highly desired to have bioactive surfaces for biomaterials and controllable interactions with cells.These functions were widely achieved by attaching functional peptides to the surface of biomaterials.It is well...It is highly desired to have bioactive surfaces for biomaterials and controllable interactions with cells.These functions were widely achieved by attaching functional peptides to the surface of biomaterials.It is well known that an antifouling layer can help reducing the nonspecific cell attachment.However,it is unclear how an antifouling PEG layer affects the function of peptides attached on material surface in controlling cell behavior.This highlight introduced the recent JACS paper from Prof.Liu and coworkers in addressing this question thoroughly.展开更多
Ophiolites represent fragments of ancient oceanic lithosphere,tectonically incorporated into continental margins during plate subduction or remained in the subduction–collisional orogenic belt.They provide
The daily FY2 E Sea Surface Temperature(SST) data from China National Satellite Meteorological Center(NSMC) was evaluated and compared with the Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature(OISST) data from US Nationa...The daily FY2 E Sea Surface Temperature(SST) data from China National Satellite Meteorological Center(NSMC) was evaluated and compared with the Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature(OISST) data from US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) over Northwest Pacific Ocean(NPO) in this study. The results show that the distribution of FY2 E SST is close to OISST in tropical region over NPO, especially in typhoon active season, but the value of FY2 E SST is a little lower than that of OISST in tropical ocean, with the absolute deviation 1℃ lower and the relative deviation about 6% lower. The correlation coefficient between monthly FY2 E SST and monthly OISST is as high as 0.7, which passes the t-test at a significance level of 0.01. Based on the evaluation result, the merged SST_(FY)over NPO is calculated using a weighting function. Besides, Tropical Cyclone Heat Potential(TCHP_(FY)) is calculated and combined with the simulated sea temperature profile. From three years operational tests in NSMC, the merged SST_(FY)and TCHP_(FY)are shown to be good indexes in monitoring and predicting the intensity of tropical cyclones(TCs) over NPO.展开更多
L-Arginine is an important component of amino acid injection. Its diffusion in body fluid and blood is of key importance to understand drug diffusion and drug release. As a fundamental demand for study and being a con...L-Arginine is an important component of amino acid injection. Its diffusion in body fluid and blood is of key importance to understand drug diffusion and drug release. As a fundamental demand for study and being a considerably valuable reference for application, in this study, the diffusion coefficients of L-arginine in polyacrylamide（PAM） aqueous solution used as non-Newtonian fluid similar to blood and body fluid were measured using a holographic interferometer. The effects of interaction among molecules and solution concentration on diffusion were analyzed and discussed, respectively. Based on the obstruction-scaling model, a novel modified model was presented for predicting diffusivity of solute in non-Newtonian fluid. Good agreement was achieved between the calculated value and the experimental data.展开更多
Photocatalysis of 2-propanol on A-TiO2（101） has been investigated using a temperature programed desorption method with 266 nm laser light. A clear mechanism is proposed for photodissociation of 2-propanol on A-TiO2...Photocatalysis of 2-propanol on A-TiO2（101） has been investigated using a temperature programed desorption method with 266 nm laser light. A clear mechanism is proposed for photodissociation of 2-propanol on A-TiO2（101）. Acetone product on five coordinate Ti4＋ sites is formed in a stepwise manner in which the O-H dissociation proceeds first and then followed by secondary C-H dissociation of 2-propanol while H atoms are transferred to the adjacent bridge bond oxygen （BBO） sites. Low temperature water is formed in a thermally driven process via H-atom on BBO in exchange with isopropyl groups of molecule 2-propanol, while isopropyl radical desorbs at high temperature during the TPD process. The observation demonstrates the prospect of TiO2 as a photocatalyst for degradation of organics.展开更多
A two-stage model-independent hovering control scheme for underwater vehicles,which are subject to unknown yet constant external disturbance,to eliminate steady-state depth error is proposed.Proportionalderivative(PD)...A two-stage model-independent hovering control scheme for underwater vehicles,which are subject to unknown yet constant external disturbance,to eliminate steady-state depth error is proposed.Proportionalderivative(PD)state feedback control law is adopted as the ballast mass planner at the first stage for the vehicle to reach both hydrostatic balance and a steady depth.The residual depth error is then removed by an additional disturbance rejection control at the second stage.Global asymptotic stability of the whole system is guaranteed via Lyapunov approach.The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is illustrated by the simulation of diving control of an underwater vehicle with hydraulic variable ballast system.展开更多
The influence of undercooling and noise magnitude on dendritic sidebranching during crystal growth was investigated by simulation of a phase-field model which incorporates thermal noise. It is shown that, the sidebran...The influence of undercooling and noise magnitude on dendritic sidebranching during crystal growth was investigated by simulation of a phase-field model which incorporates thermal noise. It is shown that, the sidebranching is not influenced with inclusion of the nonconserved noise, therefore, in order to save the computational costs it is often neglected; while conserved noise drives the morphological instability and is dominant origin of sidebranching. The dependence of temperature field on magnitude of thermal noise is apparent, when F_u gets an appropriate value, noise can induce sidebranching but not influence the dendritic tip operating state. In the small undercooled melt, the thermal diffusion layer collected around the dendrite is thick, which suppresses the growth of its sidebranching and makes the dendrite take on the morphology of no sidebranching, but when the undercooling is great, the thermal diffusion layer is thin, which is advantageous to the growth of the sidebranching and the dendrite presents the morphology of the developed sidebranching.展开更多
Dear Editor,Cervical cancer is one of the common malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system,particularly in low-inc ome and middle-income countries globally,resulting in over 660,000 women diagnosed,and ove...Dear Editor,Cervical cancer is one of the common malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system,particularly in low-inc ome and middle-income countries globally,resulting in over 660,000 women diagnosed,and over 348,000deaths annually(Abu-Rustum et al.,2023;Sahasrabuddhe,2024).Growing evidence indicates that the human Zn2+transporter hZnT1 expression is significantly higher in cervical carcinoma and is positively correlated with lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis in this cancer(Zhang et al.,2022).HZnT1 enhances the metastatic ability and proliferative capacity of cervical cancer cells by influencing immune factors and cancer-related signaling pathways like MAPK,Ras-ERK,and Wnt(Beharier et al.,2012;Zhao et al.,2016).展开更多
In this study, a nonlinear model is presented for analysis of damage-cracking behavior in arch dams during strong earthquakes using different seismic input mechanisms. The nonlinear system includes a plastic-damage mo...In this study, a nonlinear model is presented for analysis of damage-cracking behavior in arch dams during strong earthquakes using different seismic input mechanisms. The nonlinear system includes a plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete considering strain softening and a contact boundary model of contraction joint opening. Two different earthquake input mechanisms are used for comparison, including massless foundation input model and viscous-spring boundary model considering radiation damping due to infinite canyon. The results demonstrate that effects of seismic input mechanism and radiation damping on nonlinear response and damage-cracking of the dam are significant. Compared with the results of using massless foundation input model, the damage-cracking region and contraction joint opening are substantially reduced when using viscous-spring boundary model to take into account radiation damping. However, if the damping ratio of the dam is artificially increased to about 10%―15% for massless foundation input model, the joint opening and damage-cracking of the dam are comparable to the results obtained from the viscous-spring boundary model.展开更多
National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Science...National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;Center for Multi-Omics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, Henan Province, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University.展开更多
Organic solar cells(OSCs)have made fast advance with prominent power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)achieved in non-fullerene OSCs in recent years[1].Among various types of OSCs,allpolymer solar cells(APSCs)consisting o...Organic solar cells(OSCs)have made fast advance with prominent power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)achieved in non-fullerene OSCs in recent years[1].Among various types of OSCs,allpolymer solar cells(APSCs)consisting of a polymer donor and a polymer acceptor are promising power sources for portable and wearable electronics due to their intrinsic advantages in device stability and mechanical flexibility[2].展开更多
In quantum interferometry, it is vital to control and utilize nonlinear interactions for the achievement of high-precision measurements. Due to their long coherence time and high controllability, ultracold atoms inclu...In quantum interferometry, it is vital to control and utilize nonlinear interactions for the achievement of high-precision measurements. Due to their long coherence time and high controllability, ultracold atoms including Bose condensed atoms have been widely used for quantum interferometry. Here, we review recent progress in theoretical studies of quantum interferometry with Bose condensed atoms. In particular, we focus on nonlinear phenomena induced by atom-atom interactions, and how to control and utilize these nonlinear phenomena. With a mean-field description, due to atom-atom interactions, matter-wave solitons appear in the interference patterns, and macroscopic quantum self-trapping exists in Bose-Josephson junctions. With a many-body description, atom-atom in- teractions can generate non-classical entanglement, which can be utilized to achieve high-precision measurements beyond the standard quantum limit.展开更多
Atomically dispersing metal atoms on supports has been emerging as an effective strategy to maximize the atom utilization of metals for catalysis. However, due to the lack of effective tools to characterize the detail...Atomically dispersing metal atoms on supports has been emerging as an effective strategy to maximize the atom utilization of metals for catalysis. However, due to the lack of effective tools to characterize the detailed structure of metal-support interface, the chemical functions of supports in atomically dispersed metal catalysts are hardly elucidated at the molecular level. In this work, an atomically dispersed Pdl/ Ti02 catalyst with Ti（III） vicinal to Pd is prepared and used to demonstrate the direct involvement of metal atoms on support in the catalysis of dispersed metal atoms. Systematic studies reveal that the Ti （IlI）-O-Pd interface facilitates the activation of 02 into superoxide （02）, thus promoting the catalytic oxi- dation. The catalyst exhibits the highest CO turn-over frequency among ever-reported Pd-based catalysts, and enhanced catalysis in the combustion of harmful volatile organic compound （i.e., toluene） and green- house gas （i.e., methane）. The demonstrated direct involvement of metal atoms on oxide support suggests that the real active sites of atomically dispersed metal catalysts can be far beyond isolated metal atoms themselves. Metal atoms on oxide supports in the vicinity serve as another vector to promote the catalysis of atomically dispersed metal catalysts.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC3000704)Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration Grant DQJB23R18+1 种基金the USTC Research Funds of the Double First-Class Initiative(YD2080002012)NSFC Grant(U2239206)。
文摘Ambient noise tomography is an established technique in seismology,where calculating single-or ninecomponent noise cross-correlation functions(NCFs)is a fundamental first step.In this study,we introduced a novel CPU-GPU heterogeneous computing framework designed to significantly enhance the efficiency of computing 9-component NCFs from seismic ambient noise data.This framework not only accelerated the computational process by leveraging the Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)but also improved the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)through innovative stacking techniques,such as time-frequency domain phaseweighted stacking(tf-PWS).We validated the program using multiple datasets,confirming its superior computation speed,improved reliability,and higher signal-to-noise ratios for NCFs.Our comprehensive study provides detailed insights into optimizing the computational processes for noise cross-correlation functions,thereby enhancing the precision and efficiency of ambient noise imaging.
基金financial support and providing access to their properties.Patrice Bruneton is warmly thanked for a thorought revision of the manuscript.This paper is a contribution to the IGCP project 675“Comparative analysis of mineralization of Sandstone-type U deposits”。
文摘Sandstone type deposits are the most common type of uranium deposits in the world.A large variety of sub-types have been defined,based either on the morphology of the deposits(e.g.,tabular,roll front,etc),or on the sedimentological setting(e.g.,paleovalley,paleochannel,unconformity),or on tectonic or lithologic controls(e.g.,tectonolithologic,mafic dykes/sills),or still on a variety of others characteristics(phreatic oxidation type,interlayer permeable type,multi-element stratabound infiltrational,solution front limb deposit,humate type,etc.),reflecting the diversity of the characteristics of these deposits,but making it difficult to have a clear overview of these deposits.Moreover,uranium deposits occurring in the same sedimentological setting(e.g.,paleochannel),presenting similar morphologies(e.g.,tabular),may result from different genetic mechanisms and thus can be misleading for exploration strategies.The aim of the present paper is to propose a new view on sandstone-related uranium deposits combining both genetic and descriptive criteria.The dual view is indeed of primordial importance because all the critical characteristics of each deposit type,not limited to the morphology/geometry of the ore bodies and their relationships with depositional environments of the sandstone,have to be taken into account to propose a comprehensive classification of uranium deposits.In this respect,several key ore-forming processes,like the physical-chemical characteristics of the mineralizing fluid,have to be used to integrate genetic aspects in the classification.Although a succession of concentration steps,potentially temporally-disconnected,are involved in the genesis of some uranium mineralization,the classification here proposed will focus on the main mechanisms responsible for the formation and/or the location of ore deposits.The objective of this paper is also to propose a robust and widely usable terminology to define and categorize sandstone uranium deposits,considering the diversity of their origin and morphologies,and will be primarily based on the temperature of the mineralizing fluid considered as having played the critical role in the transportation of the uranium,starting from synsedimentary uranium deposits to those related to higher temperature fluids.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51772164 and U1601206)the Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(2017B030306006)+2 种基金the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(2017BT01N111)the Guangdong Special Support Program(2017TQ04C664)the Shenzhen Basic Research Project(Grant Nos.JCYJ20170412171359175)
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are promising next-generation high energy density batteries but their practical application is hindered by several key problems,such as the intermediate polysulfide shuttling and the electrode degradation caused by the sulfur volume changes.Binder acts as one of the most essential components to build the electrodes of Li-S batteries,playing vital roles in improving the performance and maintaining the integrity of the cathode structure during cycling,especially those with high sulfur loadings.To date,tremendous efforts have been devoted to improving the properties of binders,in terms of the viscosity,elasticity,stability,toughness and conductivity,by optimizing the composition and structure of polymer binders.Moreover,the binder modification endows them strong polysulfide trapping ability to suppress the shuttling and decreases the swelling to maintain the porous structure of cathode.In this review,we summarize the recent progress on the binders for Li-S batteries and discuss the various routes,including the binder combination use,functionalization,in-situ polymerization and ion cross-linking,etc.,to enhance their performance in stabilizing the cathode,building the high sulfur loading electrode and improving the cyclic stability.At last,the design principles and the problems in further applications are also highlighted.
基金supported by National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (BX201600192)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51904342,21673298)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M6203552)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFB0102000,2018YFB0104200)Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan (2017TP1001)。
文摘Carbon-based materials have attracted much interest as one of the promising anodes for sodium-ion batteries. However, low utilization of electrolyte and slow ion-transfer rate during electrochemical process hinder the further application of traditional bulk carbon. In order to enhance the diffusion kinetics and maintain the reversibility, hierarchical hollow carbon microbox was successfully prepared through a tunable bottom-up self-template routine for sodium-ion batteries. During annealing process, the morphology construction and activation happened synchronously. Based on that, a range of cross-linked porous nanosheet and hollow microbox were attained by manipulating reactant condition. The generation of texture and physical property are analyzed and are established linkages related to the electrochemical behavior. As results depicted in kinetic exploration and simulation based on cyclic voltammetry, the surfacecontrolled electrochemical behavior gradually turns to be the diffusion-controlled behavior as the hollow microbox evolves to porous nanosheet. The probable reason is that the rational microstructure/texture design leads to the accelerated diffusion kinetic procedure and the reduced concentration difference polarization. Sodium storage mechanism was deduced as reversible binding of Na-ions with local defects,including vacancies on sp2 graphitic layers, at the edges of flakes and other structural defects instead of intercalation. Bestowed by the morphology design, the broad pore width distribution, abundant defects/active sites and surface functionality, hollow microbox electrode delivers great electrochemical performances. This work is expected to propose a novel and effective strategy to prepare tunable hierarchical hollow carbon microbox and induce the fast kinetic of carbon anode material.
文摘It is highly desired to have bioactive surfaces for biomaterials and controllable interactions with cells.These functions were widely achieved by attaching functional peptides to the surface of biomaterials.It is well known that an antifouling layer can help reducing the nonspecific cell attachment.However,it is unclear how an antifouling PEG layer affects the function of peptides attached on material surface in controlling cell behavior.This highlight introduced the recent JACS paper from Prof.Liu and coworkers in addressing this question thoroughly.
基金supported by the fundings (No. 41272242) from National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Ophiolites represent fragments of ancient oceanic lithosphere,tectonically incorporated into continental margins during plate subduction or remained in the subduction–collisional orogenic belt.They provide
基金the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51173193)State Key Development Program of Basic Research of China(No. 2012CB933200)Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KJCX2- YW-H19)
文摘Received 14 August 2012 Received in revised form 19 November 2012 Accepted 28 November 2012 Available online 7 February 2013
基金Science and Technology Foundation of State Grid Corporation of ChinaNational Natural Science Founda tion of China(41575045,41205030,41175046)Basic Research Fund of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(2017Z013)
文摘The daily FY2 E Sea Surface Temperature(SST) data from China National Satellite Meteorological Center(NSMC) was evaluated and compared with the Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature(OISST) data from US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA) over Northwest Pacific Ocean(NPO) in this study. The results show that the distribution of FY2 E SST is close to OISST in tropical region over NPO, especially in typhoon active season, but the value of FY2 E SST is a little lower than that of OISST in tropical ocean, with the absolute deviation 1℃ lower and the relative deviation about 6% lower. The correlation coefficient between monthly FY2 E SST and monthly OISST is as high as 0.7, which passes the t-test at a significance level of 0.01. Based on the evaluation result, the merged SST_(FY)over NPO is calculated using a weighting function. Besides, Tropical Cyclone Heat Potential(TCHP_(FY)) is calculated and combined with the simulated sea temperature profile. From three years operational tests in NSMC, the merged SST_(FY)and TCHP_(FY)are shown to be good indexes in monitoring and predicting the intensity of tropical cyclones(TCs) over NPO.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20476073）.
文摘L-Arginine is an important component of amino acid injection. Its diffusion in body fluid and blood is of key importance to understand drug diffusion and drug release. As a fundamental demand for study and being a considerably valuable reference for application, in this study, the diffusion coefficients of L-arginine in polyacrylamide（PAM） aqueous solution used as non-Newtonian fluid similar to blood and body fluid were measured using a holographic interferometer. The effects of interaction among molecules and solution concentration on diffusion were analyzed and discussed, respectively. Based on the obstruction-scaling model, a novel modified model was presented for predicting diffusivity of solute in non-Newtonian fluid. Good agreement was achieved between the calculated value and the experimental data.
基金This work was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.21403224）, the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology （No.2013CB834605）, the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS, and the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Photocatalysis of 2-propanol on A-TiO2（101） has been investigated using a temperature programed desorption method with 266 nm laser light. A clear mechanism is proposed for photodissociation of 2-propanol on A-TiO2（101）. Acetone product on five coordinate Ti4＋ sites is formed in a stepwise manner in which the O-H dissociation proceeds first and then followed by secondary C-H dissociation of 2-propanol while H atoms are transferred to the adjacent bridge bond oxygen （BBO） sites. Low temperature water is formed in a thermally driven process via H-atom on BBO in exchange with isopropyl groups of molecule 2-propanol, while isopropyl radical desorbs at high temperature during the TPD process. The observation demonstrates the prospect of TiO2 as a photocatalyst for degradation of organics.
文摘A two-stage model-independent hovering control scheme for underwater vehicles,which are subject to unknown yet constant external disturbance,to eliminate steady-state depth error is proposed.Proportionalderivative(PD)state feedback control law is adopted as the ballast mass planner at the first stage for the vehicle to reach both hydrostatic balance and a steady depth.The residual depth error is then removed by an additional disturbance rejection control at the second stage.Global asymptotic stability of the whole system is guaranteed via Lyapunov approach.The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is illustrated by the simulation of diving control of an underwater vehicle with hydraulic variable ballast system.
文摘The influence of undercooling and noise magnitude on dendritic sidebranching during crystal growth was investigated by simulation of a phase-field model which incorporates thermal noise. It is shown that, the sidebranching is not influenced with inclusion of the nonconserved noise, therefore, in order to save the computational costs it is often neglected; while conserved noise drives the morphological instability and is dominant origin of sidebranching. The dependence of temperature field on magnitude of thermal noise is apparent, when F_u gets an appropriate value, noise can induce sidebranching but not influence the dendritic tip operating state. In the small undercooled melt, the thermal diffusion layer collected around the dendrite is thick, which suppresses the growth of its sidebranching and makes the dendrite take on the morphology of no sidebranching, but when the undercooling is great, the thermal diffusion layer is thin, which is advantageous to the growth of the sidebranching and the dendrite presents the morphology of the developed sidebranching.
基金supported by Ministry of Science and Technology(2024YFC3407300 to Y.W.,2024YFA0916800 to B.X.2020YFA0908500 to S.Y.)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971127 to S.Y.,81801998to Y.W.82404583 to S.S.)。
文摘Dear Editor,Cervical cancer is one of the common malignant neoplasms of the female reproductive system,particularly in low-inc ome and middle-income countries globally,resulting in over 660,000 women diagnosed,and over 348,000deaths annually(Abu-Rustum et al.,2023;Sahasrabuddhe,2024).Growing evidence indicates that the human Zn2+transporter hZnT1 expression is significantly higher in cervical carcinoma and is positively correlated with lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis in this cancer(Zhang et al.,2022).HZnT1 enhances the metastatic ability and proliferative capacity of cervical cancer cells by influencing immune factors and cancer-related signaling pathways like MAPK,Ras-ERK,and Wnt(Beharier et al.,2012;Zhao et al.,2016).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.90510018,90715041)the National Basic Research Program of China ("973") (Grant No.2002CB412709)
文摘In this study, a nonlinear model is presented for analysis of damage-cracking behavior in arch dams during strong earthquakes using different seismic input mechanisms. The nonlinear system includes a plastic-damage model for cyclic loading of concrete considering strain softening and a contact boundary model of contraction joint opening. Two different earthquake input mechanisms are used for comparison, including massless foundation input model and viscous-spring boundary model considering radiation damping due to infinite canyon. The results demonstrate that effects of seismic input mechanism and radiation damping on nonlinear response and damage-cracking of the dam are significant. Compared with the results of using massless foundation input model, the damage-cracking region and contraction joint opening are substantially reduced when using viscous-spring boundary model to take into account radiation damping. However, if the damping ratio of the dam is artificially increased to about 10%―15% for massless foundation input model, the joint opening and damage-cracking of the dam are comparable to the results obtained from the viscous-spring boundary model.
基金supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences(KFZD-SW-112-02-04 and ZDRW-ZS-2019-2)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31870218,31825003,31730103)the Strategic Priority Research Program"Molecular Mechanism of Plant Growth and Development"of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB27040207).
文摘National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;Center for Multi-Omics Research, Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, Henan Province, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Department of Biology, Henan University.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFA0206600 and 2019YFA0705900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21875072, 51773045, 21772030, 51922032 and 21961160720)。
文摘Organic solar cells(OSCs)have made fast advance with prominent power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)achieved in non-fullerene OSCs in recent years[1].Among various types of OSCs,allpolymer solar cells(APSCs)consisting of a polymer donor and a polymer acceptor are promising power sources for portable and wearable electronics due to their intrinsic advantages in device stability and mechanical flexibility[2].
文摘In quantum interferometry, it is vital to control and utilize nonlinear interactions for the achievement of high-precision measurements. Due to their long coherence time and high controllability, ultracold atoms including Bose condensed atoms have been widely used for quantum interferometry. Here, we review recent progress in theoretical studies of quantum interferometry with Bose condensed atoms. In particular, we focus on nonlinear phenomena induced by atom-atom interactions, and how to control and utilize these nonlinear phenomena. With a mean-field description, due to atom-atom interactions, matter-wave solitons appear in the interference patterns, and macroscopic quantum self-trapping exists in Bose-Josephson junctions. With a many-body description, atom-atom in- teractions can generate non-classical entanglement, which can be utilized to achieve high-precision measurements beyond the standard quantum limit.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.50425204,50272032&90401012)the Ministry of Sciences and Technology of China through 973-Project(Grants 2002CB61306&2001CB6104).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0207302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21731005,21420102001,21373167,and 21573178)+1 种基金the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX201600093)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Project(2017M610392)
文摘Atomically dispersing metal atoms on supports has been emerging as an effective strategy to maximize the atom utilization of metals for catalysis. However, due to the lack of effective tools to characterize the detailed structure of metal-support interface, the chemical functions of supports in atomically dispersed metal catalysts are hardly elucidated at the molecular level. In this work, an atomically dispersed Pdl/ Ti02 catalyst with Ti（III） vicinal to Pd is prepared and used to demonstrate the direct involvement of metal atoms on support in the catalysis of dispersed metal atoms. Systematic studies reveal that the Ti （IlI）-O-Pd interface facilitates the activation of 02 into superoxide （02）, thus promoting the catalytic oxi- dation. The catalyst exhibits the highest CO turn-over frequency among ever-reported Pd-based catalysts, and enhanced catalysis in the combustion of harmful volatile organic compound （i.e., toluene） and green- house gas （i.e., methane）. The demonstrated direct involvement of metal atoms on oxide support suggests that the real active sites of atomically dispersed metal catalysts can be far beyond isolated metal atoms themselves. Metal atoms on oxide supports in the vicinity serve as another vector to promote the catalysis of atomically dispersed metal catalysts.
