Peach Fruit Fly （PFF） Bactrocera zonata （Saunders） and of the Mediterranean fruit fly （MFF） Ceratitis capitata （Wiedemann） are the most of dominant and destructive key pests in fruit orchards in different agro...Peach Fruit Fly （PFF） Bactrocera zonata （Saunders） and of the Mediterranean fruit fly （MFF） Ceratitis capitata （Wiedemann） are the most of dominant and destructive key pests in fruit orchards in different agro-ecosystem in Egypt. Population fluctuations of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata （Wiedemann） and the peach fly Bactrocera zonata （Saunders） was monitored with lure traps collections in three provinces in the New Valley oases, Western Desert, Egypt. Results showed marked temporal differences in peak trap catches of the two flies in the selected sites all over the entire studied areas. One annual peak of C. capitata was recorded during both October and February and coincided with the ripening period of citrus trees in Kharga oases. However, two annual peaks were recorded during June and September in Bodkholow province and coincided with the ripening period of apple and mango. On the other hand, two annual peaks of B. zonata were recorded in Kharga oases throughout May and September and coincided with the ripening periods of apricot, mango and guava. One annual peak only was recorded round up of September and/or October in both of Moot and Bodkholow in Dakhla oases and coincided with the ripening period of mango, guava and citrus. Occurrence of C. capitata was very limited in comparison with B. zonata. Population fluctuations of the two pests in the studied sites were significantly different. The ability of the used traps in capturing both of C. capitata and B. zonata indicated that the yellow sticky trap was more effective in capturing C. capitata. However, Abdel-Kawi trap was significantly efficient in trapping B. zonata. Occurrence of B. zontata in high numbers all over the study period than C. capitata is considered as a good proof that this invading fly may be consider a vigor competitive tephritid fly to the native fly C. capitata.展开更多
We estimated thermal developmental thresholds(7o)and degree-day(DD)constants for the immature stages of two tephritid pests,Bcictrocera zonata(Saunders)and Ceratitis capitata(Weidenmann).Males of both species were tra...We estimated thermal developmental thresholds(7o)and degree-day(DD)constants for the immature stages of two tephritid pests,Bcictrocera zonata(Saunders)and Ceratitis capitata(Weidenmann).Males of both species were trapped in an Egyptian guava orchard during the fruiting seasons of 2016 and 2017 and trap catches were compared with peak flights predicted by the DD model based on local weather data.Ceratitis capitata had faster development than B.zonata at 20 and 25°C,but their overall developmental rate was similar at 30 and 35°C.The thermal threshold of development(7o)of B.zonata was higher than that of C.capitata,indicating greater sensitivity to cold.Although 35°C yielded the fastest development of both species,survival was higher at 30°C,with B.zonata experiencing a slight advantage,suggesting better tropical adaptation.Immature development of B.zonata and C.capitata was estimated to require 338 and 373 d,respectively,and 616 and 424 DD for a complete generation.Trap catches over both seasons showed good correspondence to peaks of fly activity predicted by the DD models;deviations from expectation ranged from 0 to 7 d for both fly species.Both species had four overlapping generations per season,with B.zonata abundance peaking in the first generation in both years,but only in 2016 for C.capitata.The models predict about eight and 12 generations per year in northeast Egypt for B.zonata and C.capitata,respectively.These models should be useful for timing pest control measures to coincide with periods of peak fly activity in fruit orchards.展开更多
文摘Peach Fruit Fly （PFF） Bactrocera zonata （Saunders） and of the Mediterranean fruit fly （MFF） Ceratitis capitata （Wiedemann） are the most of dominant and destructive key pests in fruit orchards in different agro-ecosystem in Egypt. Population fluctuations of the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata （Wiedemann） and the peach fly Bactrocera zonata （Saunders） was monitored with lure traps collections in three provinces in the New Valley oases, Western Desert, Egypt. Results showed marked temporal differences in peak trap catches of the two flies in the selected sites all over the entire studied areas. One annual peak of C. capitata was recorded during both October and February and coincided with the ripening period of citrus trees in Kharga oases. However, two annual peaks were recorded during June and September in Bodkholow province and coincided with the ripening period of apple and mango. On the other hand, two annual peaks of B. zonata were recorded in Kharga oases throughout May and September and coincided with the ripening periods of apricot, mango and guava. One annual peak only was recorded round up of September and/or October in both of Moot and Bodkholow in Dakhla oases and coincided with the ripening period of mango, guava and citrus. Occurrence of C. capitata was very limited in comparison with B. zonata. Population fluctuations of the two pests in the studied sites were significantly different. The ability of the used traps in capturing both of C. capitata and B. zonata indicated that the yellow sticky trap was more effective in capturing C. capitata. However, Abdel-Kawi trap was significantly efficient in trapping B. zonata. Occurrence of B. zontata in high numbers all over the study period than C. capitata is considered as a good proof that this invading fly may be consider a vigor competitive tephritid fly to the native fly C. capitata.
文摘We estimated thermal developmental thresholds(7o)and degree-day(DD)constants for the immature stages of two tephritid pests,Bcictrocera zonata(Saunders)and Ceratitis capitata(Weidenmann).Males of both species were trapped in an Egyptian guava orchard during the fruiting seasons of 2016 and 2017 and trap catches were compared with peak flights predicted by the DD model based on local weather data.Ceratitis capitata had faster development than B.zonata at 20 and 25°C,but their overall developmental rate was similar at 30 and 35°C.The thermal threshold of development(7o)of B.zonata was higher than that of C.capitata,indicating greater sensitivity to cold.Although 35°C yielded the fastest development of both species,survival was higher at 30°C,with B.zonata experiencing a slight advantage,suggesting better tropical adaptation.Immature development of B.zonata and C.capitata was estimated to require 338 and 373 d,respectively,and 616 and 424 DD for a complete generation.Trap catches over both seasons showed good correspondence to peaks of fly activity predicted by the DD models;deviations from expectation ranged from 0 to 7 d for both fly species.Both species had four overlapping generations per season,with B.zonata abundance peaking in the first generation in both years,but only in 2016 for C.capitata.The models predict about eight and 12 generations per year in northeast Egypt for B.zonata and C.capitata,respectively.These models should be useful for timing pest control measures to coincide with periods of peak fly activity in fruit orchards.
