Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)via green method is an outstanding alternative to conventional/regular methods;however,the safety or toxicity of the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs in vivo is not fully explored.T...Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)via green method is an outstanding alternative to conventional/regular methods;however,the safety or toxicity of the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs in vivo is not fully explored.This study was conducted to evaluate the protective efficiency of cinnamaldehyde-loaded chitosan nanoparticles(Cin@CSNPs)against oxidative damage and genotoxicity of ZnO-NPs in mice.ZnO-NPs were biosynthesized using the extract of fresh leaves of Mentha pulegium L.Cin was extracted from cinnamon essential oil,and was loaded into chitosan nanoparticle(Cin@CSNPs).Both ZnO-NPs,Cin@CSNPs and CSNPs were characterized.The in vitro release of Cin@CSNPs was determined.In the biological study,6 groups of male BALB/c mice were treated by gavage for 3 weeks as follows,control group,the group received ZnO-NPs(25 mg/kg b.w),the groups received Cin@CSNPs at low dose(50 mg/kg b.w)or high dose(100 mg/kg b.w),and the groups received ZnO-NPs plus Cin@CSNPs at the 2 tested doses.Blood and tissue samples were collected for different biochemical,genetical and histological studies.The particle size of ZnO-NPs,CSNPs,and Cin@CSNPs were(20.78±2.60),(170.0±3.7),and(218.23±2.90)nm,andξ-potential were(32.7±4.6),(8.32±0.27)and(4.80±0.21)mV,respectively.ZnO-NPs disturbed the biochemical and oxidative stress indices,AFP,CEA,TNF-α,chromosomal aberrations in somatic and germ cells,and sperm abnormality along with severe pathological changes in the hepatic,renal,and testicular tissues.Cin@CSNPs improved significantly all the parameters tested and the histological picture in a dose-dependent.Therefore,the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibit oxidative damage and genotoxicity,and Cin@CSNPs have potential protective effects against the risks of ZnO-NPs and may be a promising tool to overcome the challenges of using Cin in food and pharmaceuticals applications.展开更多
Currently,electromagnetic radiation and interference have a significant effect on the operation of electronic devices and human health systems.Thus,developing excellent microwave absorbers have a huge significance in ...Currently,electromagnetic radiation and interference have a significant effect on the operation of electronic devices and human health systems.Thus,developing excellent microwave absorbers have a huge significance in the material research field.Herein,a kind of ultrafine zinc oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles(NPs)supported on three-dimensional(3D)ordered mesoporous carbon spheres(ZnO/OMCS)is prepared from silica inverse opal by using phenolic resol precursor as carbon source.The prepared lightweight ZnO/OMCS nanocomposites exhibit 3D ordered carbon sphere array and highly dispersed ultrafine ZnO NPs on the mesoporous cell walls of carbon spheres.ZnO/OMCS-30 shows microwave absorbing ability with a strong absorption(−39.3 dB at 10.4 GHz with a small thickness of 2 mm)and a broad effective absorption bandwidth(9.1 GHz).The outstanding microwave absorbing ability benefits to the well-dispersed ultrafine ZnO NPs and the 3D ordered mesoporous carbon spheres structure.This work opened up a unique way for developing lightweight and high-efficient carbon-based microwave absorbing materials.展开更多
In the present study, the zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs) were prepared by using a sol-gel method. The characterization of ZnO NPs, such as particle size, morphology, crystal form, optical properties and p H-respons...In the present study, the zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs) were prepared by using a sol-gel method. The characterization of ZnO NPs, such as particle size, morphology, crystal form, optical properties and p H-responsive behavior, was carried out. The in vitro anti-tumor activity of ZnO NPs was evaluated on PC-3M and 4T1 cell lines. The results indicated that ZnO NPs were spherical NPs with uniform particle size, excellent fluorescence properties, and p H-responsive behavior. The in vitro anti-tumor activity of ZnO NPs was observed on PC-3M and 4T1 cell lines. Considering to above characteristics, Zn O NPs could be used as drug delivery carries for loading active compound performing therapeutic and diagnostic effect.展开更多
Green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using plant extract is a promising alternative to traditional method of chemical synthesis. In this paper, we report the synthesis of nanostructured zinc oxide particles by...Green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using plant extract is a promising alternative to traditional method of chemical synthesis. In this paper, we report the synthesis of nanostructured zinc oxide particles by biological method. Highly stable and spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles are produced by using zinc acetate and Ixora coccinea leaf extract. Formation of zinc oxide nanoparticles has been confirmed by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS), zetapotential study and Scanning Electron Microscope with the Energy Dispersive X-ray studies (EDX). Dynamic light scattering analysis shows average particle size of 145.1 nm whereas high zeta potential value confirms the stability of formed zinc oxide nanoparticles. The Scanning Electron Microscope reveals spherical morphology of nanoparticles and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis confirms the formation of highly pure zinc oxide nanoparticles. The zinc oxide nanoparticles from Ixora coccinea leaves are expected to have applications in biomedical, cosmetic industries, biotechnology, sensors, medical, catalysis, optical device, coatings, drug delivery and water remediation, and also may be applied for electronic and magneto-electric devices. This new eco-friendly approach of synthesis is a novel, cheap, and convenient technique suitable for large scale commercial production.展开更多
For revealing the effects of increasing of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)on denitrification and denitrifying bacteria communities in estuarine sediments,the surface sediments of two typical estuaries(the Yangtze Ri...For revealing the effects of increasing of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)on denitrification and denitrifying bacteria communities in estuarine sediments,the surface sediments of two typical estuaries(the Yangtze River Estuary and the Yellow River Estuary)were added with medium concentration(170mgL−1)and high concentration(1700mgL−1)of ZnO NPs for anaerobic cul-ture in laboratory.The concentration of NO_(3)^(−)and NO_(2)^(−),the reductase activity and denitrification rate were measured by physico-chemical analysis,nirS gene abundance and denitrifying bacteria communities by molecular biological methods.The results showed that ZnO NPs inhibited NO_(3)^(−), NO_(2)^(−)reduction process and NO_(3)^(−), NO_(2)^(−)reductase activity,and a stronger inhibition effect resulting from the higher ZnO NPs concentration.ZnO NPs decreased nirS gene abundance and community diversity of denitrifying bacteria.In addition,the inhibition degree of ZnO NPs on the denitrification process of sediments in different estuaries was different.These results were of great significance for evaluating the potential ecological toxicity and risks of nanomaterials in estuaries.展开更多
Testicular damage is one of the most hazardous effects as it’s associated with azoospermia.Busulfan(Bu)is a highly toxic chemotherapeutic drug that affects testis.Thirty male Swiss albino mice divided into six groups...Testicular damage is one of the most hazardous effects as it’s associated with azoospermia.Busulfan(Bu)is a highly toxic chemotherapeutic drug that affects testis.Thirty male Swiss albino mice divided into six groups of 5 animals each.Control(oral 0.9%saline daily for 75 days);Mel(20 mg/kg/day orally for 30 days);ZnO NPs(5 mg/kg/day i.p.for 30 days);BU(single i.p.injection of 40 mg/kg and then left for 45 days);BU+Mel(single 40 mg/kg dose of BU and left for 45 days followed by 20 mg/kg/day Mel for 30 days);BU+ZnO NPs(single dose of 40 mg/kg of BU and left for 45 days,then 5 mg/kg/day ZnO NPs for 30 days).Preparation and Characterization of ZnO NPs.Specimens from testis prepared for ultrastructural investigations using TEM after Masson’s trichrome and toluidine blue staining.BU induced histological and ultrastructural damage of the testis.Moreover,the present results could be concluded that Mel or ZnO NPs can protect the testicular tissue against ultrastructural alterations induced by BU by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.展开更多
Bioactive materials obtained from plant bio-resources offer immense attention for development and production of nanotechnology enabled products for biomedical applications.In the present study,Ficus hispida leaf extra...Bioactive materials obtained from plant bio-resources offer immense attention for development and production of nanotechnology enabled products for biomedical applications.In the present study,Ficus hispida leaf extract(FHLE)was used as a stabilising agent for the environmentally benign synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)which were investigated for prospective versatile applications(anticancer and photocatalytic activities).The formation of ZnO-NPs was confirmed by UV–visible spectra.Wurtzite(hexagonal)form of the herb-assisted synthesised ZnO-NPs with particle size ranging from 20 to 200 nm was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analysis.In vitro analysis was carried out against Dalton's lymphoma ascites(DLA)cell lines by trypan blue assay,the results revealed 96%inhibition at concentration of 200μg ml-1,and the photodegradation experiments carried out for degradation of Congo red revealed complete degradation of the dye after 70 min of exposure to UV light.展开更多
Nanotechnology has greatly expanded the applications of nanoparticles(NPs)domain in the scientific field.In this context,the zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)and 24-epibrassinolide(EBL)has been revealed to positively ...Nanotechnology has greatly expanded the applications of nanoparticles(NPs)domain in the scientific field.In this context,the zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)and 24-epibrassinolide(EBL)has been revealed to positively regulate plant metabolism and growth.In the present study,we investigated the role of ZnO-NPs and EBL in the regulation of plant growth,photosynthetic efficiency,enzymes activities and fruit yield in tomato.Foliar treatment of ZnO-NPs at three levels(10,50 or 100 ppm)and EBL(10^(−8) M)were applied separately or in combination to the foliage of plant at 35-39 days after sowing(DAS);and the control plants were treated with double distilled water(DDW)only at the same time interval.Among different tested concentrations of ZnO-NPs and/or EBL,the combined spray of 50 ppm of ZnO-NPs and 10^(−8) M of EBL proved to be best,and considerably increased the growth,photosynthetic efficiency,biochemical enzymes activities as well as fruit yield.Besides,the performance of the antioxidant enzymes viz catalase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were also increased after the combined application of ZnO-NPs and EBL in Lycopersicon esculentum.Therefore,it is suggested that combined application of 50 ppm of ZnO-NPs and 10−8 M of EBL is the best combination can be applied to increase the performance and yield of L.esculentum.展开更多
This article explores an in-depth analysis of eco-friendly green synthesis methods to manufacture zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs).Although chemical and/or physical approaches may initially provide better results;in ...This article explores an in-depth analysis of eco-friendly green synthesis methods to manufacture zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs).Although chemical and/or physical approaches may initially provide better results;in the long term;a biological approach using green or natural pathways using plant extracts;enzymes;and mi-crobes may be eco-friendly and more cost-effective.This review addresses various green synthesis techniques and their potential biomedical applications;elucidating their mechanisms.Additionally;the article highlights the pivotal role of ZnO NPs in diabetes;cancer;wound healing;drug delivery;and other biomedical marvels.Overall;it highlights the importance of green-synthesized ZnO NPs in building a future of sustainable biomedical breakthroughs.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a common malignancy that results in a high rate of cancerrelated mortality.Cisplatin(DDP)-based chemotherapy is the first-line clinical treatment for GC therapy,but chemotherapy resista...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a common malignancy that results in a high rate of cancerrelated mortality.Cisplatin(DDP)-based chemotherapy is the first-line clinical treatment for GC therapy,but chemotherapy resistance remains a severe clinical challenge.Zinc oxide nanoparticle(ZnO-NP)has been identified as a promising anti-cancer agent,but the function of ZnO-NP in GC development is still unclear.AIM To explore the effect of ZnO-NP on chemotherapy resistance during GC progression.METHODS ZnO-NP was synthesized,and the effect and underlying mechanisms of ZnO-NP on the malignant progression and chemotherapy resistance of GC cells were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assays,colony formation assays,transwell assays,wound healing assays,flow cytometry,and Western blot analysis in GC cells and DDP-resistant GC cells,and by tumorigenicity analyses in nude mice.RESULTS Our data revealed that ZnO-NP was able to inhibit proliferation,migration,and invasion and induce apoptosis of GC cells.Meanwhile,ZnO-NP significantly reduced the half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of DDP for the inhibition of cell proliferation of DDP-resistant SGC7901/DDP cell lines.Autophagy was increased in DDP-resistant GC cells,as demonstrated by elevated light chain 3-like protein 2(LC3II)/LC3I and Beclin-1 expression and repressed p62 expression in SGC7901/DDP cells compared to SGC7901 cells.Mechanically,ZnO-NP inhibited autophagy in GC cells and treatment with DDP induced autophagy,which was reversed by ZnO-NP.Functionally,ZnO-NP attenuated the tumor growth of DDP-resistant GC cells in vivo.CONCLUSION We conclude that ZnO-NP alleviates the chemoresistance of GC cells by inhibiting autophagy.Our findings present novel insights into the mechanism by which ZnO-NP regulates the chemotherapy resistance of GC.ZnO-NP may serve as a potential therapeutic candidate for GC treatment.The potential role of ZnO-NP in the clinical treatment of GC needs clarification in future investigations.展开更多
Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using bovine serum albumin as stabilizers through a facile one-pot strategy in aqueous media. The morphology and crystal phase of the zinc oxide nanoparticles were determined ...Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using bovine serum albumin as stabilizers through a facile one-pot strategy in aqueous media. The morphology and crystal phase of the zinc oxide nanoparticles were determined by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractograms, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles exhibited strong absorption and photoluminescence properties in the visible wavelength region based on the fluorescence and UV-visible spectroscopy. Based on the results, the zinc oxide nanoparticles could effectively degrade the organic dyes through the mediation of the hydroxyl radical under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, the zinc oxide nanoparticles show good recycling stability during the photocatalytic experiments. These results suggested that the as-prepared zinc oxide nanoparticles might be used as a potential photocatalyst to efficiently treat the organic pollutants.展开更多
Objective:Cyclophosphamide(CP)is an anticancer drug that induces oxidative stress,leading to gonadal toxicity.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of co-treatment with zinc oxide nanoparticles(nZno)and melat...Objective:Cyclophosphamide(CP)is an anticancer drug that induces oxidative stress,leading to gonadal toxicity.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of co-treatment with zinc oxide nanoparticles(nZno)and melatonin(Mel)on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme levels against CP-induced testicular damage.Methods:In this study,42 adult male rats were divided into six groups.The control group received intraperitoneal(i.p.)saline solution.The CP group was administered CP at 60 mg/kg/week.The Mel+CP and nZno+CP groups received CP along with 10 mg/kg Mel and 5 mg/kg nZno,respectively.The Mel+nZno+CP group received CP plus 10 mg/kg Mel and 5 mg/kg nZno,simultaneously.The Mel+nZno group received 10 mg/kg Mel and 5 mg/kg nZno simultaneously.Eight weeks after the treatment,hormonal assays,total antioxidant capacity(TAC),histological studies,lipid peroxidation levels,and antioxidant enzyme status were assessed.Results:Biochemical results showed that CP decreased spermatogenic lineage cells,TAC,levels of antioxidant enzymes catalase(CAT),glutathione(GSH),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and reproductive hormone levels luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)and testosterone,and increased malondialdehyde(MDA)content.In contrast,co-treatment with Mel and nZno in the Mel+nZno+CP group resulted in a significant improvement in all examined parameters(P<0.05).Conclusion:The results indicate that the simultaneous administration of Mel and nZno could be used as a potential protective agent against CP-induced reproductive toxicity.展开更多
Clinically,infectious bone defects represent a significant threat,leading to osteonecrosis,severely compromising patient prognosis,and prolonging hospital stays.Thus,there is an urgent need to develop a bone graft sub...Clinically,infectious bone defects represent a significant threat,leading to osteonecrosis,severely compromising patient prognosis,and prolonging hospital stays.Thus,there is an urgent need to develop a bone graft substitute that combines broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy and bone-inductive properties,providing an effective treatment option for infectious bone defects.In this study,the precision of digital light processing(DLP)3D printing technology was utilized to construct a scaffold,incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)modified barium titanate(BT)with hydroxyapatite(HA),resulting in a piezoelectric ceramic scaffold designed for the repair of infected bone defects.The results indicated that the addition of ZnO-NPs significantly improved the piezoelectric properties of BT,facilitating a higher HA content within the ceramic scaffold system,which is essential for bone regeneration.In vitro antibacterial assessments highlighted the scaffold’s potent antibacterial capabilities.Moreover,combining the synergistic effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)and piezoelectricity,results demonstrated that the scaffold promoted notable osteogenic and angiogenic potential,enhancing bone growth and repair.Furthermore,transcriptomics analysis results suggested that the early growth response-1(EGR1)gene might be crucial in this process.This study introduces a novel method for constructing piezoelectric ceramic scaffolds exhibiting outstanding osteogenic,angiogenic,and antibacterial properties under the combined influence of LIPUS,offering a promising treatment strategy for infectious bone defects.展开更多
In this study we used a chemical solution method from oxalic acid (OX. acid) and zinc acetate (ZnAc) to prepare Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and Zinc Oxide nanoparticles doped with Chlorine (Cl:ZnONPs). The chara...In this study we used a chemical solution method from oxalic acid (OX. acid) and zinc acetate (ZnAc) to prepare Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and Zinc Oxide nanoparticles doped with Chlorine (Cl:ZnONPs). The characterizations (FTIR, X-ray, SEM, TEM) of ZnONPs and Cl:ZnONPs were determined. Amylase inhibitors of ZnONPs and Cl:ZnONPs also were determined. SEM indicated that the ZnONPs and Cl:ZnONPs have an average particle size of 46.65 - 74.64 nm. TEM images of the ZnONPs and Cl:ZnONPs showed the round shaped. Compounds b,<span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d and e exhibited significant inhibitory activity against amylase enzyme</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(from 69.21</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">±</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1.44 to 76.32</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">±</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.78), respectively, and were comparable with that of acarbose (86.32 ± 0.63) at 1000</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">μg, thereby, projecting ZnONPs and Cl:ZnONPs as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-amylase inhibitors.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
The widespread production and use of zinc oxide nanoparticles （ZnO-NPs） in recent years have posed potential threat to the ecosystem. This study aimed to investigate the ecotoxicological effect of ZnO-NPs on soil mi...The widespread production and use of zinc oxide nanoparticles （ZnO-NPs） in recent years have posed potential threat to the ecosystem. This study aimed to investigate the ecotoxicological effect of ZnO-NPs on soil microorganisms using laboratory microcosm test. Respira- tion, ammonification, dehydrogenase （DH） activity, and fluorescent diacetate hydrolase （FDAH） activity were used as ecotoxicological parameters. The results showed that in the neutral soil treated with 1 mg ZnO-NPs per g soil （fresh, neutral）, ammonification was significantly inhibited during the study period of three months, but the inhibition rate decreased over increasing time. Inhibition in respira- tion was observed in the first month of the test. In various ZnO-NPs treatments （1 rag, 5 rag, and 10 mg ZnO-NPs per g soil）, DH activity and FDAH activity were inhibited during the study period of one month. For both enzyme activities, there were positive dose-response relationships between the concentration of ZnO-NPs and the inhibition rates, but the curves changed over time due to changes of ZnO-NPs toxicity. Soil type affected the toxicity of ZnO- NPs in soil. The toxicity was highest in the acid soil, followed by the neutral soil. The toxicity was relatively low in the alkaline soil. The toxicity was not accounted for by the Zn2＋ released from the ZnO-NPs. Direct interaction of ZnO-NPs with biologic targets might be one of the reasons. The adverse effect of ZnO-NPs on soil micro- organisms in neutral and acid soils is worthy of attention.展开更多
We prepared biocompatible and environment-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)with upconversion properties and catalase-like nanozyme activity.Photodynamic therapy(PDT)application is severely limited by the poor...We prepared biocompatible and environment-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)with upconversion properties and catalase-like nanozyme activity.Photodynamic therapy(PDT)application is severely limited by the poor penetration of UV-Visible light and a hypoxic tumor environment.Here,we used ZnO NPs as a carrier for the photosensitizer chlorin e6(Ce6)to construct zinc oxide-chlorin e6 nanoparticles(ZnO-Ce6 NPs),simultaneously addressing both problems.In terms of penetration,ZnO NPs convert 808 nm near-infrared light into 401 nm visible light to excite Ce6,achieving deep-penetrating photodynamic therapy under long-wavelength light.Interestingly,the ability to emit short-wavelength light under long-wavelength light is usually observed in upconversion nanoparticles.As nanozymes,ZnO NPs can catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in tumors,providing oxygen for photodynamic action and relieving hypoxia.The enhanced photodynamic action produces a large amount of reactive oxygen species,which overactivate autophagy and trigger immunogenic cell death(ICD),leading to antitumor immunotherapy.In addition,even in the absence of light,ZnO and ZnO-Ce6 NPs can induce ferroptosis of tumor cells and exert antitumor effects.展开更多
In this study,antimicrobial activity of zinc oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles(NPs)synthesized by different chemical,thermal and green routes were systematically investigated with an aim to determine which method yields the mos...In this study,antimicrobial activity of zinc oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles(NPs)synthesized by different chemical,thermal and green routes were systematically investigated with an aim to determine which method yields the most efficient antimicrobial property.The methodologies employed in this study were sol-gel,thermal decomposition,precipitation and green synthesis routes.The physical and optical properties of synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-Vis)and fluorescence spectroscopy.The results of the XRD and SEM analysis indicated the size and shape of the particles,depending on synthesis methodology and calcination temperature.The optical properties of the ZnO NPs investigated using UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence spectra were also depending on the synthesized route.The antimicrobial activity of the ZnO NPs was tested against gram-negative bacteria(E.coli,P.aeruginosa and S.typhi),gram-positive bacteria(S.aureus and B.subtilis)and fungus(C.albicans)using agar-well diffusion method.Effects of size,shape of the crystal and concentration on the anti-microbial activity were investigated.The experimental results showed that the antimicrobial activity of ZnO NPs increased with decreasing size of the crystal.It was also found that the gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to ZnO NPs than gram-negative bacteria and fungus.Interestingly,ZnO NPs synthesized using the green route showed more effective antimicrobial activity than those using the chemical or the thermal route.展开更多
Nanoparticles are a special institution of substances with precise capabilities and significant applications in many biomedical fields.In the present work zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared through sol-gel approac...Nanoparticles are a special institution of substances with precise capabilities and significant applications in many biomedical fields.In the present work zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared through sol-gel approach.The synthesised nanoparticles were identified through the usage of X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).In-vitro anticancer activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles towards MCF-7 cell lines using numerous parameters was investigated.Zinc oxide nanoparticles were determined to exert cell growth arrest against MCF-7 cell lines.The anti-proliferative efficiency of ZnO nanoparticles was due to cell dying and inducing apoptosis that were confirmed by the usage of acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining,DAPI staining and genotoxicity assay.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)analysis achieved to identify the gene expression of Caspase-8,Caspase-9,and P53.The results suggested that ZnO nanoparticles might find a wide use in clinical applications and provide new drug recompense for chemotherapy drugs.展开更多
The present study reports the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)using Clitoria ternatea flower extract and examination of their antibacterial activity.The change in color of the reaction mixture from vi...The present study reports the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)using Clitoria ternatea flower extract and examination of their antibacterial activity.The change in color of the reaction mixture from violet to yellow colour indicated the formation of ZnO NPs.The formation of ZnO NPs was confirmed by the appearance of a maximum absorption peak at 381 nm in the UV-visible spectrum.The XRD pattern corresponding with the JCPDS card for ZnO showed the presence of purecrystalline ZnO NPs.FTIR spectra confirmed the stretching vibrations of C=O,C-O-H,and O-H groups involved in the reduction of ZnO NPs.The size and morphology of the ZnO NPs were confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM).Further particle size was determined by using Dynamic Light Scattering(DLS).Furthermore,the antibacterial activity of ZnO NPs showed significant inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.展开更多
This research examined the use of 75 nm zinc oxide nanoparticles(nano ZnO)and polyethylene butene(PEB)to decrease the viscosity of Nigerian waxy crude oil.The rheology of the crude oil was assessed by measuring the vi...This research examined the use of 75 nm zinc oxide nanoparticles(nano ZnO)and polyethylene butene(PEB)to decrease the viscosity of Nigerian waxy crude oil.The rheology of the crude oil was assessed by measuring the viscosity and shear stress of samples containing PEB at 500,1000,2000,3000,4000 or 5000 ppm and nano ZnO at 1,2,3 or 4 wt% between 10 and 35℃ at shear rates from 1.7 to 1020 s^(-1).Rheological modeling indicated that a power law pseudoplastic model was the best fit for the experimental data,giving a regression coefficient of 0.99.The addition of these inhibitors induced Newtonian fluid behavior in the crude samples such that the shear stress-shear rate relationship plots were linear at all temperatures.The optimum concentrations of the inhibitors in this study were 2000 ppm PEB(providing a 33% viscosity reduction)and 1 wt% nano ZnO(providing a 26% viscosity reduction).A combination of these additives at these concentrations provided a synergistic effect and gave a greater viscosity reduction of 41%.This work demonstrates that a blend of ZnO nanoparticles and PEB can improve the flowability of waxy crude.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Centre,Dokki,Cairo,Egypt project#13050302.
文摘Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)via green method is an outstanding alternative to conventional/regular methods;however,the safety or toxicity of the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs in vivo is not fully explored.This study was conducted to evaluate the protective efficiency of cinnamaldehyde-loaded chitosan nanoparticles(Cin@CSNPs)against oxidative damage and genotoxicity of ZnO-NPs in mice.ZnO-NPs were biosynthesized using the extract of fresh leaves of Mentha pulegium L.Cin was extracted from cinnamon essential oil,and was loaded into chitosan nanoparticle(Cin@CSNPs).Both ZnO-NPs,Cin@CSNPs and CSNPs were characterized.The in vitro release of Cin@CSNPs was determined.In the biological study,6 groups of male BALB/c mice were treated by gavage for 3 weeks as follows,control group,the group received ZnO-NPs(25 mg/kg b.w),the groups received Cin@CSNPs at low dose(50 mg/kg b.w)or high dose(100 mg/kg b.w),and the groups received ZnO-NPs plus Cin@CSNPs at the 2 tested doses.Blood and tissue samples were collected for different biochemical,genetical and histological studies.The particle size of ZnO-NPs,CSNPs,and Cin@CSNPs were(20.78±2.60),(170.0±3.7),and(218.23±2.90)nm,andξ-potential were(32.7±4.6),(8.32±0.27)and(4.80±0.21)mV,respectively.ZnO-NPs disturbed the biochemical and oxidative stress indices,AFP,CEA,TNF-α,chromosomal aberrations in somatic and germ cells,and sperm abnormality along with severe pathological changes in the hepatic,renal,and testicular tissues.Cin@CSNPs improved significantly all the parameters tested and the histological picture in a dose-dependent.Therefore,the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibit oxidative damage and genotoxicity,and Cin@CSNPs have potential protective effects against the risks of ZnO-NPs and may be a promising tool to overcome the challenges of using Cin in food and pharmaceuticals applications.
基金The authors are grateful of the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51902083 and 21606068)the Foundation Strengthening Program(2019-JCJQ-142-00)the Higher Education Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Province(ZD2019087).
文摘Currently,electromagnetic radiation and interference have a significant effect on the operation of electronic devices and human health systems.Thus,developing excellent microwave absorbers have a huge significance in the material research field.Herein,a kind of ultrafine zinc oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles(NPs)supported on three-dimensional(3D)ordered mesoporous carbon spheres(ZnO/OMCS)is prepared from silica inverse opal by using phenolic resol precursor as carbon source.The prepared lightweight ZnO/OMCS nanocomposites exhibit 3D ordered carbon sphere array and highly dispersed ultrafine ZnO NPs on the mesoporous cell walls of carbon spheres.ZnO/OMCS-30 shows microwave absorbing ability with a strong absorption(−39.3 dB at 10.4 GHz with a small thickness of 2 mm)and a broad effective absorption bandwidth(9.1 GHz).The outstanding microwave absorbing ability benefits to the well-dispersed ultrafine ZnO NPs and the 3D ordered mesoporous carbon spheres structure.This work opened up a unique way for developing lightweight and high-efficient carbon-based microwave absorbing materials.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81773646)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2017YFA0205600)the Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education(Grant No.BMU2017TD003)。
文摘In the present study, the zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs) were prepared by using a sol-gel method. The characterization of ZnO NPs, such as particle size, morphology, crystal form, optical properties and p H-responsive behavior, was carried out. The in vitro anti-tumor activity of ZnO NPs was evaluated on PC-3M and 4T1 cell lines. The results indicated that ZnO NPs were spherical NPs with uniform particle size, excellent fluorescence properties, and p H-responsive behavior. The in vitro anti-tumor activity of ZnO NPs was observed on PC-3M and 4T1 cell lines. Considering to above characteristics, Zn O NPs could be used as drug delivery carries for loading active compound performing therapeutic and diagnostic effect.
文摘Green synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles using plant extract is a promising alternative to traditional method of chemical synthesis. In this paper, we report the synthesis of nanostructured zinc oxide particles by biological method. Highly stable and spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles are produced by using zinc acetate and Ixora coccinea leaf extract. Formation of zinc oxide nanoparticles has been confirmed by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS), zetapotential study and Scanning Electron Microscope with the Energy Dispersive X-ray studies (EDX). Dynamic light scattering analysis shows average particle size of 145.1 nm whereas high zeta potential value confirms the stability of formed zinc oxide nanoparticles. The Scanning Electron Microscope reveals spherical morphology of nanoparticles and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis confirms the formation of highly pure zinc oxide nanoparticles. The zinc oxide nanoparticles from Ixora coccinea leaves are expected to have applications in biomedical, cosmetic industries, biotechnology, sensors, medical, catalysis, optical device, coatings, drug delivery and water remediation, and also may be applied for electronic and magneto-electric devices. This new eco-friendly approach of synthesis is a novel, cheap, and convenient technique suitable for large scale commercial production.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018 YFC1407601)Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUISTthe National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFD0900805).
文摘For revealing the effects of increasing of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)on denitrification and denitrifying bacteria communities in estuarine sediments,the surface sediments of two typical estuaries(the Yangtze River Estuary and the Yellow River Estuary)were added with medium concentration(170mgL−1)and high concentration(1700mgL−1)of ZnO NPs for anaerobic cul-ture in laboratory.The concentration of NO_(3)^(−)and NO_(2)^(−),the reductase activity and denitrification rate were measured by physico-chemical analysis,nirS gene abundance and denitrifying bacteria communities by molecular biological methods.The results showed that ZnO NPs inhibited NO_(3)^(−), NO_(2)^(−)reduction process and NO_(3)^(−), NO_(2)^(−)reductase activity,and a stronger inhibition effect resulting from the higher ZnO NPs concentration.ZnO NPs decreased nirS gene abundance and community diversity of denitrifying bacteria.In addition,the inhibition degree of ZnO NPs on the denitrification process of sediments in different estuaries was different.These results were of great significance for evaluating the potential ecological toxicity and risks of nanomaterials in estuaries.
基金This study was funded by Taif University Researchers Supporting Project No.TURSP-2020/222,Taif University,Taif,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Testicular damage is one of the most hazardous effects as it’s associated with azoospermia.Busulfan(Bu)is a highly toxic chemotherapeutic drug that affects testis.Thirty male Swiss albino mice divided into six groups of 5 animals each.Control(oral 0.9%saline daily for 75 days);Mel(20 mg/kg/day orally for 30 days);ZnO NPs(5 mg/kg/day i.p.for 30 days);BU(single i.p.injection of 40 mg/kg and then left for 45 days);BU+Mel(single 40 mg/kg dose of BU and left for 45 days followed by 20 mg/kg/day Mel for 30 days);BU+ZnO NPs(single dose of 40 mg/kg of BU and left for 45 days,then 5 mg/kg/day ZnO NPs for 30 days).Preparation and Characterization of ZnO NPs.Specimens from testis prepared for ultrastructural investigations using TEM after Masson’s trichrome and toluidine blue staining.BU induced histological and ultrastructural damage of the testis.Moreover,the present results could be concluded that Mel or ZnO NPs can protect the testicular tissue against ultrastructural alterations induced by BU by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects.
文摘Bioactive materials obtained from plant bio-resources offer immense attention for development and production of nanotechnology enabled products for biomedical applications.In the present study,Ficus hispida leaf extract(FHLE)was used as a stabilising agent for the environmentally benign synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)which were investigated for prospective versatile applications(anticancer and photocatalytic activities).The formation of ZnO-NPs was confirmed by UV–visible spectra.Wurtzite(hexagonal)form of the herb-assisted synthesised ZnO-NPs with particle size ranging from 20 to 200 nm was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)analysis.In vitro analysis was carried out against Dalton's lymphoma ascites(DLA)cell lines by trypan blue assay,the results revealed 96%inhibition at concentration of 200μg ml-1,and the photodegradation experiments carried out for degradation of Congo red revealed complete degradation of the dye after 70 min of exposure to UV light.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(3197140894)A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘Nanotechnology has greatly expanded the applications of nanoparticles(NPs)domain in the scientific field.In this context,the zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)and 24-epibrassinolide(EBL)has been revealed to positively regulate plant metabolism and growth.In the present study,we investigated the role of ZnO-NPs and EBL in the regulation of plant growth,photosynthetic efficiency,enzymes activities and fruit yield in tomato.Foliar treatment of ZnO-NPs at three levels(10,50 or 100 ppm)and EBL(10^(−8) M)were applied separately or in combination to the foliage of plant at 35-39 days after sowing(DAS);and the control plants were treated with double distilled water(DDW)only at the same time interval.Among different tested concentrations of ZnO-NPs and/or EBL,the combined spray of 50 ppm of ZnO-NPs and 10^(−8) M of EBL proved to be best,and considerably increased the growth,photosynthetic efficiency,biochemical enzymes activities as well as fruit yield.Besides,the performance of the antioxidant enzymes viz catalase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were also increased after the combined application of ZnO-NPs and EBL in Lycopersicon esculentum.Therefore,it is suggested that combined application of 50 ppm of ZnO-NPs and 10−8 M of EBL is the best combination can be applied to increase the performance and yield of L.esculentum.
文摘This article explores an in-depth analysis of eco-friendly green synthesis methods to manufacture zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs).Although chemical and/or physical approaches may initially provide better results;in the long term;a biological approach using green or natural pathways using plant extracts;enzymes;and mi-crobes may be eco-friendly and more cost-effective.This review addresses various green synthesis techniques and their potential biomedical applications;elucidating their mechanisms.Additionally;the article highlights the pivotal role of ZnO NPs in diabetes;cancer;wound healing;drug delivery;and other biomedical marvels.Overall;it highlights the importance of green-synthesized ZnO NPs in building a future of sustainable biomedical breakthroughs.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a common malignancy that results in a high rate of cancerrelated mortality.Cisplatin(DDP)-based chemotherapy is the first-line clinical treatment for GC therapy,but chemotherapy resistance remains a severe clinical challenge.Zinc oxide nanoparticle(ZnO-NP)has been identified as a promising anti-cancer agent,but the function of ZnO-NP in GC development is still unclear.AIM To explore the effect of ZnO-NP on chemotherapy resistance during GC progression.METHODS ZnO-NP was synthesized,and the effect and underlying mechanisms of ZnO-NP on the malignant progression and chemotherapy resistance of GC cells were analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)assays,colony formation assays,transwell assays,wound healing assays,flow cytometry,and Western blot analysis in GC cells and DDP-resistant GC cells,and by tumorigenicity analyses in nude mice.RESULTS Our data revealed that ZnO-NP was able to inhibit proliferation,migration,and invasion and induce apoptosis of GC cells.Meanwhile,ZnO-NP significantly reduced the half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of DDP for the inhibition of cell proliferation of DDP-resistant SGC7901/DDP cell lines.Autophagy was increased in DDP-resistant GC cells,as demonstrated by elevated light chain 3-like protein 2(LC3II)/LC3I and Beclin-1 expression and repressed p62 expression in SGC7901/DDP cells compared to SGC7901 cells.Mechanically,ZnO-NP inhibited autophagy in GC cells and treatment with DDP induced autophagy,which was reversed by ZnO-NP.Functionally,ZnO-NP attenuated the tumor growth of DDP-resistant GC cells in vivo.CONCLUSION We conclude that ZnO-NP alleviates the chemoresistance of GC cells by inhibiting autophagy.Our findings present novel insights into the mechanism by which ZnO-NP regulates the chemotherapy resistance of GC.ZnO-NP may serve as a potential therapeutic candidate for GC treatment.The potential role of ZnO-NP in the clinical treatment of GC needs clarification in future investigations.
基金Funded by the Science&Technology Foundation of Dongguan City(No.2015108101014)Chinese Medicine Science&Technology Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.20151257)+3 种基金Medical Science and Technology Development Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.A2016355)Excellent Young Scientist Training Foundation of Guangdong Province in 2014(No.4CX16054G)Science&Technology Fundation of Guangdong Medical College(No.B2014007)Undergraduate Science&Technology Innovation Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.201610571041,201610571015)
文摘Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using bovine serum albumin as stabilizers through a facile one-pot strategy in aqueous media. The morphology and crystal phase of the zinc oxide nanoparticles were determined by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractograms, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles exhibited strong absorption and photoluminescence properties in the visible wavelength region based on the fluorescence and UV-visible spectroscopy. Based on the results, the zinc oxide nanoparticles could effectively degrade the organic dyes through the mediation of the hydroxyl radical under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, the zinc oxide nanoparticles show good recycling stability during the photocatalytic experiments. These results suggested that the as-prepared zinc oxide nanoparticles might be used as a potential photocatalyst to efficiently treat the organic pollutants.
基金Immunogenetic Research Center(IRC)of Sari Medical Faculty and Chancellor for Research and Technology of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences(93-1997)。
文摘Objective:Cyclophosphamide(CP)is an anticancer drug that induces oxidative stress,leading to gonadal toxicity.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of co-treatment with zinc oxide nanoparticles(nZno)and melatonin(Mel)on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme levels against CP-induced testicular damage.Methods:In this study,42 adult male rats were divided into six groups.The control group received intraperitoneal(i.p.)saline solution.The CP group was administered CP at 60 mg/kg/week.The Mel+CP and nZno+CP groups received CP along with 10 mg/kg Mel and 5 mg/kg nZno,respectively.The Mel+nZno+CP group received CP plus 10 mg/kg Mel and 5 mg/kg nZno,simultaneously.The Mel+nZno group received 10 mg/kg Mel and 5 mg/kg nZno simultaneously.Eight weeks after the treatment,hormonal assays,total antioxidant capacity(TAC),histological studies,lipid peroxidation levels,and antioxidant enzyme status were assessed.Results:Biochemical results showed that CP decreased spermatogenic lineage cells,TAC,levels of antioxidant enzymes catalase(CAT),glutathione(GSH),and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),and reproductive hormone levels luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)and testosterone,and increased malondialdehyde(MDA)content.In contrast,co-treatment with Mel and nZno in the Mel+nZno+CP group resulted in a significant improvement in all examined parameters(P<0.05).Conclusion:The results indicate that the simultaneous administration of Mel and nZno could be used as a potential protective agent against CP-induced reproductive toxicity.
基金supported by grants from National Key R&D Project of China,Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(grant numbers:2023YFC2509205)Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development Project(grant numbers:20230204088YY)+4 种基金Jlin Provincial Science and Technology Development Project(grant numbers:YDZJ202401300ZYTS)Fund Project of Science and Technology Project of Jilin Provincial Department of Finance(grant numbers:JCSZ2023481-15)Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Infectious Diseases(grant numbers:20200601011JC)Jilin Province Development and Reform Commission(grant numbers:2022C036)Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University(grant numbers:2024CX127).
文摘Clinically,infectious bone defects represent a significant threat,leading to osteonecrosis,severely compromising patient prognosis,and prolonging hospital stays.Thus,there is an urgent need to develop a bone graft substitute that combines broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy and bone-inductive properties,providing an effective treatment option for infectious bone defects.In this study,the precision of digital light processing(DLP)3D printing technology was utilized to construct a scaffold,incorporating zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)modified barium titanate(BT)with hydroxyapatite(HA),resulting in a piezoelectric ceramic scaffold designed for the repair of infected bone defects.The results indicated that the addition of ZnO-NPs significantly improved the piezoelectric properties of BT,facilitating a higher HA content within the ceramic scaffold system,which is essential for bone regeneration.In vitro antibacterial assessments highlighted the scaffold’s potent antibacterial capabilities.Moreover,combining the synergistic effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound(LIPUS)and piezoelectricity,results demonstrated that the scaffold promoted notable osteogenic and angiogenic potential,enhancing bone growth and repair.Furthermore,transcriptomics analysis results suggested that the early growth response-1(EGR1)gene might be crucial in this process.This study introduces a novel method for constructing piezoelectric ceramic scaffolds exhibiting outstanding osteogenic,angiogenic,and antibacterial properties under the combined influence of LIPUS,offering a promising treatment strategy for infectious bone defects.
文摘In this study we used a chemical solution method from oxalic acid (OX. acid) and zinc acetate (ZnAc) to prepare Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and Zinc Oxide nanoparticles doped with Chlorine (Cl:ZnONPs). The characterizations (FTIR, X-ray, SEM, TEM) of ZnONPs and Cl:ZnONPs were determined. Amylase inhibitors of ZnONPs and Cl:ZnONPs also were determined. SEM indicated that the ZnONPs and Cl:ZnONPs have an average particle size of 46.65 - 74.64 nm. TEM images of the ZnONPs and Cl:ZnONPs showed the round shaped. Compounds b,<span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d and e exhibited significant inhibitory activity against amylase enzyme</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(from 69.21</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">±</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">1.44 to 76.32</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">±</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">0.78), respectively, and were comparable with that of acarbose (86.32 ± 0.63) at 1000</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">μg, thereby, projecting ZnONPs and Cl:ZnONPs as </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">α</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-amylase inhibitors.</span></span></span></span>
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 41071311, 41030529 and 41471391）, Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Ministry of Education of China （NCET-10-0200） and YKM Entrepreneurship Education Foundation.
文摘The widespread production and use of zinc oxide nanoparticles （ZnO-NPs） in recent years have posed potential threat to the ecosystem. This study aimed to investigate the ecotoxicological effect of ZnO-NPs on soil microorganisms using laboratory microcosm test. Respira- tion, ammonification, dehydrogenase （DH） activity, and fluorescent diacetate hydrolase （FDAH） activity were used as ecotoxicological parameters. The results showed that in the neutral soil treated with 1 mg ZnO-NPs per g soil （fresh, neutral）, ammonification was significantly inhibited during the study period of three months, but the inhibition rate decreased over increasing time. Inhibition in respira- tion was observed in the first month of the test. In various ZnO-NPs treatments （1 rag, 5 rag, and 10 mg ZnO-NPs per g soil）, DH activity and FDAH activity were inhibited during the study period of one month. For both enzyme activities, there were positive dose-response relationships between the concentration of ZnO-NPs and the inhibition rates, but the curves changed over time due to changes of ZnO-NPs toxicity. Soil type affected the toxicity of ZnO- NPs in soil. The toxicity was highest in the acid soil, followed by the neutral soil. The toxicity was relatively low in the alkaline soil. The toxicity was not accounted for by the Zn2＋ released from the ZnO-NPs. Direct interaction of ZnO-NPs with biologic targets might be one of the reasons. The adverse effect of ZnO-NPs on soil micro- organisms in neutral and acid soils is worthy of attention.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81773646)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0205600)the Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education(No.BMU2017TD003,China).
文摘We prepared biocompatible and environment-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)with upconversion properties and catalase-like nanozyme activity.Photodynamic therapy(PDT)application is severely limited by the poor penetration of UV-Visible light and a hypoxic tumor environment.Here,we used ZnO NPs as a carrier for the photosensitizer chlorin e6(Ce6)to construct zinc oxide-chlorin e6 nanoparticles(ZnO-Ce6 NPs),simultaneously addressing both problems.In terms of penetration,ZnO NPs convert 808 nm near-infrared light into 401 nm visible light to excite Ce6,achieving deep-penetrating photodynamic therapy under long-wavelength light.Interestingly,the ability to emit short-wavelength light under long-wavelength light is usually observed in upconversion nanoparticles.As nanozymes,ZnO NPs can catalyze the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide in tumors,providing oxygen for photodynamic action and relieving hypoxia.The enhanced photodynamic action produces a large amount of reactive oxygen species,which overactivate autophagy and trigger immunogenic cell death(ICD),leading to antitumor immunotherapy.In addition,even in the absence of light,ZnO and ZnO-Ce6 NPs can induce ferroptosis of tumor cells and exert antitumor effects.
文摘In this study,antimicrobial activity of zinc oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles(NPs)synthesized by different chemical,thermal and green routes were systematically investigated with an aim to determine which method yields the most efficient antimicrobial property.The methodologies employed in this study were sol-gel,thermal decomposition,precipitation and green synthesis routes.The physical and optical properties of synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-Vis)and fluorescence spectroscopy.The results of the XRD and SEM analysis indicated the size and shape of the particles,depending on synthesis methodology and calcination temperature.The optical properties of the ZnO NPs investigated using UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence spectra were also depending on the synthesized route.The antimicrobial activity of the ZnO NPs was tested against gram-negative bacteria(E.coli,P.aeruginosa and S.typhi),gram-positive bacteria(S.aureus and B.subtilis)and fungus(C.albicans)using agar-well diffusion method.Effects of size,shape of the crystal and concentration on the anti-microbial activity were investigated.The experimental results showed that the antimicrobial activity of ZnO NPs increased with decreasing size of the crystal.It was also found that the gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to ZnO NPs than gram-negative bacteria and fungus.Interestingly,ZnO NPs synthesized using the green route showed more effective antimicrobial activity than those using the chemical or the thermal route.
文摘Nanoparticles are a special institution of substances with precise capabilities and significant applications in many biomedical fields.In the present work zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared through sol-gel approach.The synthesised nanoparticles were identified through the usage of X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).In-vitro anticancer activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles towards MCF-7 cell lines using numerous parameters was investigated.Zinc oxide nanoparticles were determined to exert cell growth arrest against MCF-7 cell lines.The anti-proliferative efficiency of ZnO nanoparticles was due to cell dying and inducing apoptosis that were confirmed by the usage of acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining,DAPI staining and genotoxicity assay.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)analysis achieved to identify the gene expression of Caspase-8,Caspase-9,and P53.The results suggested that ZnO nanoparticles might find a wide use in clinical applications and provide new drug recompense for chemotherapy drugs.
文摘The present study reports the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)using Clitoria ternatea flower extract and examination of their antibacterial activity.The change in color of the reaction mixture from violet to yellow colour indicated the formation of ZnO NPs.The formation of ZnO NPs was confirmed by the appearance of a maximum absorption peak at 381 nm in the UV-visible spectrum.The XRD pattern corresponding with the JCPDS card for ZnO showed the presence of purecrystalline ZnO NPs.FTIR spectra confirmed the stretching vibrations of C=O,C-O-H,and O-H groups involved in the reduction of ZnO NPs.The size and morphology of the ZnO NPs were confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscopy(TEM).Further particle size was determined by using Dynamic Light Scattering(DLS).Furthermore,the antibacterial activity of ZnO NPs showed significant inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
文摘This research examined the use of 75 nm zinc oxide nanoparticles(nano ZnO)and polyethylene butene(PEB)to decrease the viscosity of Nigerian waxy crude oil.The rheology of the crude oil was assessed by measuring the viscosity and shear stress of samples containing PEB at 500,1000,2000,3000,4000 or 5000 ppm and nano ZnO at 1,2,3 or 4 wt% between 10 and 35℃ at shear rates from 1.7 to 1020 s^(-1).Rheological modeling indicated that a power law pseudoplastic model was the best fit for the experimental data,giving a regression coefficient of 0.99.The addition of these inhibitors induced Newtonian fluid behavior in the crude samples such that the shear stress-shear rate relationship plots were linear at all temperatures.The optimum concentrations of the inhibitors in this study were 2000 ppm PEB(providing a 33% viscosity reduction)and 1 wt% nano ZnO(providing a 26% viscosity reduction).A combination of these additives at these concentrations provided a synergistic effect and gave a greater viscosity reduction of 41%.This work demonstrates that a blend of ZnO nanoparticles and PEB can improve the flowability of waxy crude.
