In the intricate network environment,the secure transmission of medical images faces challenges such as information leakage and malicious tampering,significantly impacting the accuracy of disease diagnoses by medical ...In the intricate network environment,the secure transmission of medical images faces challenges such as information leakage and malicious tampering,significantly impacting the accuracy of disease diagnoses by medical professionals.To address this problem,the authors propose a robust feature watermarking algorithm for encrypted medical images based on multi-stage discrete wavelet transform(DWT),Daisy descriptor,and discrete cosine transform(DCT).The algorithm initially encrypts the original medical image through DWT-DCT and Logistic mapping.Subsequently,a 3-stage DWT transformation is applied to the encrypted medical image,with the centre point of the LL3 sub-band within its low-frequency component serving as the sampling point.The Daisy descriptor matrix for this point is then computed.Finally,a DCT transformation is performed on the Daisy descriptor matrix,and the low-frequency portion is processed using the perceptual hashing algorithm to generate a 32-bit binary feature vector for the medical image.This scheme utilises cryptographic knowledge and zero-watermarking technique to embed watermarks without modifying medical images and can extract the watermark from test images without the original image,which meets the basic re-quirements of medical image watermarking.The embedding and extraction of water-marks are accomplished in a mere 0.160 and 0.411s,respectively,with minimal computational overhead.Simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the algorithm against both conventional attacks and geometric attacks,with a notable performance in resisting rotation attacks.展开更多
Text information is principally dependent on the natural languages.Therefore,improving security and reliability of text information exchanged via internet network has become the most difficult challenge that researche...Text information is principally dependent on the natural languages.Therefore,improving security and reliability of text information exchanged via internet network has become the most difficult challenge that researchers encounter.Content authentication and tampering detection of digital contents have become a major concern in the area of communication and information exchange via the Internet.In this paper,an intelligent text Zero-Watermarking approach SETZWMWMM(Smart English Text Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Mid-Level Order and Word Mechanism of Markov Model)has been proposed for the content authentication and tampering detection of English text contents.The SETZWMWMM approach embeds and detects the watermark logically without altering the original English text document.Based on Hidden Markov Model(HMM),Third level order of word mechanism is used to analyze the interrelationship between contexts of given English texts.The extracted features are used as a watermark information and integrated with digital zero-watermarking techniques.To detect eventual tampering,SETZWMWMM has been implemented and validated with attacked English text.Experiments were performed on four datasets of varying lengths under multiple random locations of insertion,reorder and deletion attacks.The experimental results show that our method is more sensitive and efficient for all kinds of tampering attacks with high level accuracy of tampering detection than compared methods.展开更多
Zero-watermark technique,embedding watermark without modifying carriers,has been broadly applied for copyright protection of images.However,there is little research on audio zerowatermark.This paper proposes an audio ...Zero-watermark technique,embedding watermark without modifying carriers,has been broadly applied for copyright protection of images.However,there is little research on audio zerowatermark.This paper proposes an audio zero-watermark scheme based on energy relationship between adjacent audio sections.Taking use of discrete wavelet transformation(DWT),it gets power approximations,or energies,of audio segments.Then,it extracts the audio profile,i.e.the zero-watermark,according to the relative size of energies of consecutive fragments.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is robust against general malicious attacks including noise addition,resampling,low-pass filtering,etc.,and this approach effectively solves the contradiction between inaudibility and robustness.展开更多
Remote medical diagnosis can be realized by using the Internet,but when transmitting medical images of patients through the Internet,personal information of patients may be leaked.Aim at the security of medical inform...Remote medical diagnosis can be realized by using the Internet,but when transmitting medical images of patients through the Internet,personal information of patients may be leaked.Aim at the security of medical information system and the protection of medical images,a novel robust zero-watermarking based on SIFT-DCT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform-Discrete Cosine Transform)for medical images in the encrypted domain is proposed.Firstly,the original medical image is encrypted in transform domain based on Logistic chaotic sequence to enhance the concealment of original medical images.Then,the SIFT-DCT is used to extract the feature sequences of encrypted medical images.Next,zero-watermarking technology is used to ensure that the region of interest of medical images are not changed.Finally,the robust of the algorithm is evaluated by the correlation coefficient between the original watermark and the attacked watermark.A series of attack experiments are carried out on this method,and the results show that the algorithm is not only secure,but also robust to both traditional and geometric attacks,especially in clipping attacks.展开更多
Traditional watermark embedding schemes inevitably modify the data in a host audio signal and lead to the degradation of the host signal.In this paper,a novel audio zero-watermarking algorithm based on discrete wavele...Traditional watermark embedding schemes inevitably modify the data in a host audio signal and lead to the degradation of the host signal.In this paper,a novel audio zero-watermarking algorithm based on discrete wavelet transform(DWT),discrete cosine transform(DCT),and singular value decomposition(SVD) is presented.The watermark is registered by performing SVD on the coefficients generated through DWT and DCT to avoid data modification and host signal degradation.Simulation results show that the proposed zero-watermarking algorithm is strongly robust to common signal processing methods such as requantization,MP3 compression,resampling,addition of white Gaussian noise,and low-pass filtering.展开更多
In this paper,a novel zero-watermark copyright authentication scheme based on Internet public certification system is proposed.This approach utilizes Haar integer wavelet transform based on a lifting scheme and adapti...In this paper,a novel zero-watermark copyright authentication scheme based on Internet public certification system is proposed.This approach utilizes Haar integer wavelet transform based on a lifting scheme and adaptive Harris corner detection to extract image features,which will be used to produce a binary feature map,and the map is very crucial to the generation of watermark registered later.By properly choosing the parameters of aforementioned techniques such as the threshold T and the radius of local feature region R,the feature map is so much more stable and distinguishing that it can be used to construct robust watermark.Simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme is resistant to many kinds of signal processing and malicious attacks such as Gaussian blurring,additive noising,JPEG lossy compression,cropping,scaling and slight rotation operation.Compared with a relative scheme such as that of Chang＇s,the scheme in this paper is more practicable and reliable and can be applied to the area of copyright protection.展开更多
Behind the prevalence of multimedia technology,digital copyright disputes are becoming increasingly serious.The digital watermarking prevention technique against the copyright infringement needs to be improved urgentl...Behind the prevalence of multimedia technology,digital copyright disputes are becoming increasingly serious.The digital watermarking prevention technique against the copyright infringement needs to be improved urgently.Among the proposed technologies,zero-watermarking has been favored recently.In order to improve the robustness of the zero-watermarking,a novel robust audio zerowatermarking method based on sparse representation is proposed.The proposed scheme is mainly based on the K-singular value decomposition(K-SVD)algorithm to construct an optimal over complete dictionary from the background audio signal.After that,the orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP)algorithm is used to calculate the sparse coefficient of the segmented test audio and generate the corresponding sparse coefficient matrix.Then,the mean value of absolute sparse coefficients in the sparse matrix of segmented speech is calculated and selected,and then comparing the mean absolute coefficient of segmented speech with the average value of the selected coefficients to realize the embedding of zero-watermarking.Experimental results show that the proposed audio zerowatermarking algorithm based on sparse representation performs effectively in resisting various common attacks.Compared with the baseline works,the proposed method has better robustness.展开更多
Essential characteristics for watermark registration and detection without data modification can be used in anaudio zero-watermarking scheme.In this paper,a novel audio zero-watermarking scheme based on discrete wavel...Essential characteristics for watermark registration and detection without data modification can be used in anaudio zero-watermarking scheme.In this paper,a novel audio zero-watermarking scheme based on discrete wavelet transform(DWT) and discrete cosine transform(DCT) is presented.Thewatermark is registered by comparing the mean absolute values of the adjacent frame coefficients after DWT and DCT.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is stronglyrobusttocommon attacks such as AWGN,downsampling,low-pass filtering,requantization,and MP3 compression.A performance analysis of the proposed scheme shows that all bit error rates after attacks are zero.展开更多
In order to effectively solve the problem of copyright protection of materials genome engineering data,this paper proposes a method for copyright protection of materials genome engineering data based on zero-watermark...In order to effectively solve the problem of copyright protection of materials genome engineering data,this paper proposes a method for copyright protection of materials genome engineering data based on zero-watermarking technology.First,the important attribute values are selected from the materials genome engineering database;then,use the method of remainder to group the selected attribute values and extract eigenvalues;then,the eigenvalues sequence is obtained by the majority election method;finally,XOR the sequence with the actual copyright information to obtain the watermarking information and store it in the third-party authentication center.When a copyright dispute requires copyright authentication for the database to be detected.First,the zero-watermarking construction algorithm is used to obtain an eigenvalues sequence;then,this sequence is XORed with the watermarking information stored in the third-party authentication center to obtain copyright information to-be-detected.Finally,the ownership is determined by calculating the similarity between copyright information to-be-detected and copyright information that has practical significance.The experimental result shows that the zero-watermarking method proposed in this paper can effectively resist various common attacks,and can well achieve the copyright protection of material genome engineering database.展开更多
The field of healthcare is considered to be the most promising application of intelligent sensor networks.However,the security and privacy protection ofmedical images collected by intelligent sensor networks is a hot ...The field of healthcare is considered to be the most promising application of intelligent sensor networks.However,the security and privacy protection ofmedical images collected by intelligent sensor networks is a hot problem that has attracted more and more attention.Fortunately,digital watermarking provides an effective method to solve this problem.In order to improve the robustness of the medical image watermarking scheme,in this paper,we propose a novel zero-watermarking algorithm with the integer wavelet transform(IWT),Schur decomposition and image block energy.Specifically,we first use IWT to extract low-frequency information and divide them into non-overlapping blocks,then we decompose the sub-blocks by Schur decomposition.After that,the feature matrix is constructed according to the relationship between the image block energy and the whole image energy.At the same time,we encrypt watermarking with the logistic chaotic position scrambling.Finally,the zero-watermarking is obtained by XOR operation with the encrypted watermarking.Three indexes of peak signal-to-noise ratio,normalization coefficient(NC)and the bit error rate(BER)are used to evaluate the robustness of the algorithm.According to the experimental results,most of the NC values are around 0.9 under various attacks,while the BER values are very close to 0.These experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is more robust than the existing zero-watermarking methods,which indicates it is more suitable for medical image privacy and security protection.展开更多
In this paper, three robust zero-watermark algorithms named Direct Current coefficient RElationship (DC-RE), CUmulant combined Singular Value Decomposition (CU-SVD), and CUmulant combined Singular Value Decomposition ...In this paper, three robust zero-watermark algorithms named Direct Current coefficient RElationship (DC-RE), CUmulant combined Singular Value Decomposition (CU-SVD), and CUmulant combined Singular Value Decomposition RElationship (CU-SVD-RE) are proposed. The algorithm DC-RE gets the feature vector from the relationship of DC coefficients between adjacent blocks, CU-SVD gets the feature vector from the singular value of third-order cumulants, while CU-SVD-RE combines the essence of the first two algorithms. Specially, CU-SVD-RE gets the feature vector from the relationship between singular values of third-order cumulants. Being a cross-over studying field of watermarking and cryptography, the zero-watermark algorithms are robust without modifying the carrier. Numerical simulation obviously shows that, under geometric attacks, the performance of CU-SVD-RE and DC-RE algorithm are better and all three proposed algorithms are robust to various attacks, such as median filter, salt and pepper noise, and Gaussian low-pass filter attacks.展开更多
Most of the existing zero-watermark schemes for medical images are only appropriate for a single grayscale image.When they protect a large number of medical images,repeating operations will cause a significant amount ...Most of the existing zero-watermark schemes for medical images are only appropriate for a single grayscale image.When they protect a large number of medical images,repeating operations will cause a significant amount of time and storage costs.Hence,this paper proposes an efficient zero-watermark scheme for multiple color medical images based on quaternion generalized Fourier descriptor(QGFD).Firstly,QGFD is utilized to compute the feature invariants of each color image,then the representative features of each image are selected,stacked,and reshaped to generate a feature matrix,which is then binarized to get a binary feature image.Copyright information can be converted into the copyright image by using QR code technology,which contains more information.Finally,the zero-watermark image is constructed by executing the XOR operation on the copyright image and the feature image scrambled by the Cat map.In the experiment,different parameters are selected to determine the maximum number of images that the proposed scheme can protect simultaneously while achieving good robustness.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can effectively resist common attacks,geometric attacks and joint attacks,and effectively improve the operation efficiency of the algorithm,thus effectively decreasing the time and storage cost of copyright protection for lots of medical images.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:62063004,62350410483Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province,Grant/Award Number:ZDYF2021SHFZ093Zhejiang Provincial Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:ZJ2021028。
文摘In the intricate network environment,the secure transmission of medical images faces challenges such as information leakage and malicious tampering,significantly impacting the accuracy of disease diagnoses by medical professionals.To address this problem,the authors propose a robust feature watermarking algorithm for encrypted medical images based on multi-stage discrete wavelet transform(DWT),Daisy descriptor,and discrete cosine transform(DCT).The algorithm initially encrypts the original medical image through DWT-DCT and Logistic mapping.Subsequently,a 3-stage DWT transformation is applied to the encrypted medical image,with the centre point of the LL3 sub-band within its low-frequency component serving as the sampling point.The Daisy descriptor matrix for this point is then computed.Finally,a DCT transformation is performed on the Daisy descriptor matrix,and the low-frequency portion is processed using the perceptual hashing algorithm to generate a 32-bit binary feature vector for the medical image.This scheme utilises cryptographic knowledge and zero-watermarking technique to embed watermarks without modifying medical images and can extract the watermark from test images without the original image,which meets the basic re-quirements of medical image watermarking.The embedding and extraction of water-marks are accomplished in a mere 0.160 and 0.411s,respectively,with minimal computational overhead.Simulation results demonstrate the robustness of the algorithm against both conventional attacks and geometric attacks,with a notable performance in resisting rotation attacks.
基金The author extends his appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work under grant number(R.G.P.2/55/40/2019),Received by Fahd N.Al-Wesabi.www.kku.edu.sa。
文摘Text information is principally dependent on the natural languages.Therefore,improving security and reliability of text information exchanged via internet network has become the most difficult challenge that researchers encounter.Content authentication and tampering detection of digital contents have become a major concern in the area of communication and information exchange via the Internet.In this paper,an intelligent text Zero-Watermarking approach SETZWMWMM(Smart English Text Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Mid-Level Order and Word Mechanism of Markov Model)has been proposed for the content authentication and tampering detection of English text contents.The SETZWMWMM approach embeds and detects the watermark logically without altering the original English text document.Based on Hidden Markov Model(HMM),Third level order of word mechanism is used to analyze the interrelationship between contexts of given English texts.The extracted features are used as a watermark information and integrated with digital zero-watermarking techniques.To detect eventual tampering,SETZWMWMM has been implemented and validated with attacked English text.Experiments were performed on four datasets of varying lengths under multiple random locations of insertion,reorder and deletion attacks.The experimental results show that our method is more sensitive and efficient for all kinds of tampering attacks with high level accuracy of tampering detection than compared methods.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 61170269, No. 61170272, No. 61202082, Beijing Natural Science Foundation under Grant No. 4122026, the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No. BUPT2013RC0308, No. BUPT2013RC0311, and Scientific Research Common Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education under Grant No. KM201210015007, KM201210015006.
文摘Zero-watermark technique,embedding watermark without modifying carriers,has been broadly applied for copyright protection of images.However,there is little research on audio zerowatermark.This paper proposes an audio zero-watermark scheme based on energy relationship between adjacent audio sections.Taking use of discrete wavelet transformation(DWT),it gets power approximations,or energies,of audio segments.Then,it extracts the audio profile,i.e.the zero-watermark,according to the relative size of energies of consecutive fragments.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is robust against general malicious attacks including noise addition,resampling,low-pass filtering,etc.,and this approach effectively solves the contradiction between inaudibility and robustness.
基金This work is supported by the Key Reach Project of Hainan Province[ZDYF2018129]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[61762033]+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of Hainan[2018CXTD333]the Key Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Hainan University[Hdcxcyxm201711]the Higher Education Research Project of Hainan Province(Hnky2019-73)the Key Research Project of Haikou College of Economics[HJKZ18-01].
文摘Remote medical diagnosis can be realized by using the Internet,but when transmitting medical images of patients through the Internet,personal information of patients may be leaked.Aim at the security of medical information system and the protection of medical images,a novel robust zero-watermarking based on SIFT-DCT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform-Discrete Cosine Transform)for medical images in the encrypted domain is proposed.Firstly,the original medical image is encrypted in transform domain based on Logistic chaotic sequence to enhance the concealment of original medical images.Then,the SIFT-DCT is used to extract the feature sequences of encrypted medical images.Next,zero-watermarking technology is used to ensure that the region of interest of medical images are not changed.Finally,the robust of the algorithm is evaluated by the correlation coefficient between the original watermark and the attacked watermark.A series of attack experiments are carried out on this method,and the results show that the algorithm is not only secure,but also robust to both traditional and geometric attacks,especially in clipping attacks.
基金supported by the Open Foundation of Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring(Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology)(Grant No.KJR1509)the PAPD fundthe CICAEET fund
文摘Traditional watermark embedding schemes inevitably modify the data in a host audio signal and lead to the degradation of the host signal.In this paper,a novel audio zero-watermarking algorithm based on discrete wavelet transform(DWT),discrete cosine transform(DCT),and singular value decomposition(SVD) is presented.The watermark is registered by performing SVD on the coefficients generated through DWT and DCT to avoid data modification and host signal degradation.Simulation results show that the proposed zero-watermarking algorithm is strongly robust to common signal processing methods such as requantization,MP3 compression,resampling,addition of white Gaussian noise,and low-pass filtering.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60873117)the Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (07JCZDJC06600)
文摘In this paper,a novel zero-watermark copyright authentication scheme based on Internet public certification system is proposed.This approach utilizes Haar integer wavelet transform based on a lifting scheme and adaptive Harris corner detection to extract image features,which will be used to produce a binary feature map,and the map is very crucial to the generation of watermark registered later.By properly choosing the parameters of aforementioned techniques such as the threshold T and the radius of local feature region R,the feature map is so much more stable and distinguishing that it can be used to construct robust watermark.Simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme is resistant to many kinds of signal processing and malicious attacks such as Gaussian blurring,additive noising,JPEG lossy compression,cropping,scaling and slight rotation operation.Compared with a relative scheme such as that of Chang＇s,the scheme in this paper is more practicable and reliable and can be applied to the area of copyright protection.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62001100)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2232019D3-52)Shanghai Sailing Program.(No.19YF1402000).
文摘Behind the prevalence of multimedia technology,digital copyright disputes are becoming increasingly serious.The digital watermarking prevention technique against the copyright infringement needs to be improved urgently.Among the proposed technologies,zero-watermarking has been favored recently.In order to improve the robustness of the zero-watermarking,a novel robust audio zerowatermarking method based on sparse representation is proposed.The proposed scheme is mainly based on the K-singular value decomposition(K-SVD)algorithm to construct an optimal over complete dictionary from the background audio signal.After that,the orthogonal matching pursuit(OMP)algorithm is used to calculate the sparse coefficient of the segmented test audio and generate the corresponding sparse coefficient matrix.Then,the mean value of absolute sparse coefficients in the sparse matrix of segmented speech is calculated and selected,and then comparing the mean absolute coefficient of segmented speech with the average value of the selected coefficients to realize the embedding of zero-watermarking.Experimental results show that the proposed audio zerowatermarking algorithm based on sparse representation performs effectively in resisting various common attacks.Compared with the baseline works,the proposed method has better robustness.
基金supported by the Open Foundation of Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring(Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology)(Grant No.KJR1509)the PAPD fundthe CICAEET fund
文摘Essential characteristics for watermark registration and detection without data modification can be used in anaudio zero-watermarking scheme.In this paper,a novel audio zero-watermarking scheme based on discrete wavelet transform(DWT) and discrete cosine transform(DCT) is presented.Thewatermark is registered by comparing the mean absolute values of the adjacent frame coefficients after DWT and DCT.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme is stronglyrobusttocommon attacks such as AWGN,downsampling,low-pass filtering,requantization,and MP3 compression.A performance analysis of the proposed scheme shows that all bit error rates after attacks are zero.
基金This work is supported by Foundation of Beijing Key Laboratory of Internet Culture and Digital Dissemination Research No.ICDDXN004Foundation of Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering.
文摘In order to effectively solve the problem of copyright protection of materials genome engineering data,this paper proposes a method for copyright protection of materials genome engineering data based on zero-watermarking technology.First,the important attribute values are selected from the materials genome engineering database;then,use the method of remainder to group the selected attribute values and extract eigenvalues;then,the eigenvalues sequence is obtained by the majority election method;finally,XOR the sequence with the actual copyright information to obtain the watermarking information and store it in the third-party authentication center.When a copyright dispute requires copyright authentication for the database to be detected.First,the zero-watermarking construction algorithm is used to obtain an eigenvalues sequence;then,this sequence is XORed with the watermarking information stored in the third-party authentication center to obtain copyright information to-be-detected.Finally,the ownership is determined by calculating the similarity between copyright information to-be-detected and copyright information that has practical significance.The experimental result shows that the zero-watermarking method proposed in this paper can effectively resist various common attacks,and can well achieve the copyright protection of material genome engineering database.
基金supported in part by the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No.620MS067)the Intelligent Medical Project of Chongqing Medical University (ZHYXQNRC202101)the Student Scientific Research and Innovation Experiment Project of the Medical Information College of Chongqing Medical University (No.2020C006).
文摘The field of healthcare is considered to be the most promising application of intelligent sensor networks.However,the security and privacy protection ofmedical images collected by intelligent sensor networks is a hot problem that has attracted more and more attention.Fortunately,digital watermarking provides an effective method to solve this problem.In order to improve the robustness of the medical image watermarking scheme,in this paper,we propose a novel zero-watermarking algorithm with the integer wavelet transform(IWT),Schur decomposition and image block energy.Specifically,we first use IWT to extract low-frequency information and divide them into non-overlapping blocks,then we decompose the sub-blocks by Schur decomposition.After that,the feature matrix is constructed according to the relationship between the image block energy and the whole image energy.At the same time,we encrypt watermarking with the logistic chaotic position scrambling.Finally,the zero-watermarking is obtained by XOR operation with the encrypted watermarking.Three indexes of peak signal-to-noise ratio,normalization coefficient(NC)and the bit error rate(BER)are used to evaluate the robustness of the algorithm.According to the experimental results,most of the NC values are around 0.9 under various attacks,while the BER values are very close to 0.These experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is more robust than the existing zero-watermarking methods,which indicates it is more suitable for medical image privacy and security protection.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60672095, 60972165, and 61071111)the National High Technology Project of China (No. 2007AA-11Z210)+2 种基金the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (No. 20100092120012 and 20070286004)the Foundation of High Technology Project in Jiangsu Provincethe Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK2010240)
文摘In this paper, three robust zero-watermark algorithms named Direct Current coefficient RElationship (DC-RE), CUmulant combined Singular Value Decomposition (CU-SVD), and CUmulant combined Singular Value Decomposition RElationship (CU-SVD-RE) are proposed. The algorithm DC-RE gets the feature vector from the relationship of DC coefficients between adjacent blocks, CU-SVD gets the feature vector from the singular value of third-order cumulants, while CU-SVD-RE combines the essence of the first two algorithms. Specially, CU-SVD-RE gets the feature vector from the relationship between singular values of third-order cumulants. Being a cross-over studying field of watermarking and cryptography, the zero-watermark algorithms are robust without modifying the carrier. Numerical simulation obviously shows that, under geometric attacks, the performance of CU-SVD-RE and DC-RE algorithm are better and all three proposed algorithms are robust to various attacks, such as median filter, salt and pepper noise, and Gaussian low-pass filter attacks.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant Numbers 61972207,U1836208,U1836110,61672290]the Major Program of the National Social Science Fund of China[Grant Number 17ZDA092]+2 种基金by the National Key R&D Program of China[Grant Number 2018YFB1003205]by the Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology(CICAEET)fund,Chinaby the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)fund.
文摘Most of the existing zero-watermark schemes for medical images are only appropriate for a single grayscale image.When they protect a large number of medical images,repeating operations will cause a significant amount of time and storage costs.Hence,this paper proposes an efficient zero-watermark scheme for multiple color medical images based on quaternion generalized Fourier descriptor(QGFD).Firstly,QGFD is utilized to compute the feature invariants of each color image,then the representative features of each image are selected,stacked,and reshaped to generate a feature matrix,which is then binarized to get a binary feature image.Copyright information can be converted into the copyright image by using QR code technology,which contains more information.Finally,the zero-watermark image is constructed by executing the XOR operation on the copyright image and the feature image scrambled by the Cat map.In the experiment,different parameters are selected to determine the maximum number of images that the proposed scheme can protect simultaneously while achieving good robustness.The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can effectively resist common attacks,geometric attacks and joint attacks,and effectively improve the operation efficiency of the algorithm,thus effectively decreasing the time and storage cost of copyright protection for lots of medical images.
